阅读说明：本技术 一种用于有机固体废物的多级资源化利用装置 (A multistage utilization of resources device for organic solid waste ) 是由 韩伟江 檀笑 郭琳琳 蔡彬 项赟 马若凡 任婷艳 何少敏 温晓晴 潘华 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于有机固体废物的多级资源化利用装置,包括装置壳体,设置在装置壳体内部用于对有机固体废物进行预处理的一级处理设备,以及设置在装置壳体内部用于对预处理后的有机固体废物进行再处理的二级处理设备；本发明整体结构设计合理,针对有机固体废物中少许的含水量,采用一级处理设备对邮寄固体废物进行破碎、压缩处理,使得有机固体废物的含水量骤降,然后利用二级处理设备针对性的对以及处理设备所产生的两种不同的废料进行处理,更加高效；利用本发明装置能够实现对有机固体废物进行批量化的生产,避免了堆肥处理的占地、异味影响空气质量的问题,适合大量推广。(The invention provides a multistage resource utilization device for organic solid waste, which comprises a device shell, a primary treatment device and a secondary treatment device, wherein the primary treatment device is arranged in the device shell and is used for pretreating the organic solid waste, and the secondary treatment device is arranged in the device shell and is used for retreating the pretreated organic solid waste; the invention has reasonable integral structure design, adopts primary treatment equipment to crush and compress the mailing solid waste aiming at a little water content in the organic solid waste, so that the water content of the organic solid waste is suddenly reduced, and then utilizes secondary treatment equipment to specifically treat two different wastes generated by the treatment equipment, thereby being more efficient; the device can realize the mass production of the organic solid waste, avoids the problems of land occupation and odor influence on the air quality of composting treatment, and is suitable for mass popularization.)

1. A multi-stage resource utilization device for organic solid wastes comprises a device shell (1), a primary treatment device (2) which is arranged in the device shell (1) and is used for pretreating the organic solid wastes, and a secondary treatment device which is arranged in the device shell (1) and is used for retreating the pretreated organic solid wastes; the primary treatment equipment (2) is characterized by comprising an equipment shell (21), a crushing unit (22) arranged in the equipment shell (21) for crushing, a separation unit (23) arranged in the equipment shell (21) for solid-liquid separation, and a power unit (24) for providing power for the crushing unit (22) and the separation unit (23);

the equipment shell (21) comprises a first equipment shell (211) and a second equipment shell (212) which are arranged in parallel up and down, and a third equipment shell (213) arranged at the lower end of the second equipment shell (212); the first equipment shell (211), the second equipment shell (212) and the third equipment shell (213) are communicated;

the crushing unit (22) comprises a first bearing with a seat (221) which can be arranged on the side wall of the first equipment shell (211), 2 crushing cutter shafts (222) which can be arranged inside the first equipment shell (211) through the bearing with a seat (221), a plurality of crushing blades (223) which are uniformly arranged on the crushing cutter shafts (222), and a spacer ring (224) which is arranged between two adjacent crushing blades (223);

the separation unit (23) comprises 2 push plates (231) which are relatively placed inside the second equipment shell (212), 2 telescopic rods (232) which are respectively arranged on the 2 push plates (231) and penetrate through the side wall of the second equipment shell (212), a blanking bobbin (233) which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell (212) and is perpendicular to the telescopic rods (232), a second seated bearing (234) which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell (212), and a rotary propeller (235) which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell (212) through the second seated bearing (234) and can penetrate through the second equipment shell (212) and the blanking bobbin (233), and a liquid leakage plate (236) which is arranged at the lower end of the second equipment shell (212);

the power unit (24) comprises a first motor (241) for providing power for the crushing cutter shaft (222), 2 second motors (242) for providing power for 2 telescopic rods (232) respectively, and a third motor (243) for providing power for the rotary propeller (235);

the secondary treatment device comprises a first treatment device (3) connected with the blanking bobbin (233) for solid treatment and a second treatment device (4) connected with the third device shell (213) for liquid treatment.

2. The multistage resource utilization device for organic solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the device housing (1) is internally provided with a first spiral feeding device (11), and the outer side wall of the device housing (1) is provided with a feeding notch (12); the feeding port of the spiral feeding device (11) is connected with the feeding port (12), and the discharging port of the spiral feeding device (11) is connected with the feeding port of the first device shell (211).

3. The multistage resource utilization device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the first treatment means (3) comprises a feeding unit (31), and a fermentation unit (32) connected with the feeding means; the feeding unit (31) comprises a second spiral feeding device (311) which can be connected with a discharging bobbin (233) and a feeding device (312) which can feed materials into the fermentation unit (32).

4. The multi-stage resource utilization device for the organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation unit (32) comprises a protective casing, a first fermentation tank (321) arranged inside the protective casing, a first stirring unit (322) arranged inside the first fermentation tank (321) for stirring, a first heating unit (323) arranged at the bottom of the first fermentation tank (321) for heating the first fermentation tank (321), and a first tail gas treatment unit (324) arranged inside the protective casing and connected with the top end of the first fermentation tank (321).

5. The multi-stage resource utilization device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the second treatment equipment (4) comprises an oil-water separation unit (41), a first collection chamber (42) connected with the oil-water separation unit (41) for waste water collection, and a second collection chamber (43) connected with the oil-water separation unit (41) for waste oil collection.

6. The multi-stage resource utilization device for the organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separation unit (41) comprises a liquid collection tank (411), a flow dividing head (412) movably arranged at the upper end of the liquid collection tank (411), an oil filter screen (413) clamped at the lower end of the flow dividing head (412), and a lower liquid hopper (414) which can penetrate through the flow dividing head (412) and can be inserted into the liquid collection tank (411) to be connected with the third equipment shell (213) through a guide pipe; the flow dividing head (412) comprises a water leakage cover (4121) and an oil leakage head (4122) arranged at the upper end of the water leakage cover (4121), the water leakage cover (4121) is communicated with the oil leakage head (4122), the oil filter screen (413) is positioned between the water leakage cover (4121) and the oil leakage head (4122), and a lower liquid port of the lower liquid funnel (414) is positioned at the lower end inside the liquid collecting tank (411); the water leakage cover (4121) is connected with the first collection cavity box (42), and the oil leakage head (4122) is connected with the second collection cavity box (43).

7. The multistage resource utilization device for organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the 2 pushing plates (231) are oppositely disposed inside the second apparatus housing (212).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of organic matter treatment equipment, in particular to a multistage resource utilization device for organic solid waste.

Background

Solid waste is divided into organic and inorganic wastes.

The organic solid waste generally refers to organic waste with water content of less than 85% -90% and can be biochemically degraded, and the organic solid waste generally has biodegradability. The organic waste treatment refers to the physical, chemical and biological treatment of organic waste and pollutants thereof, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced and even the waste is changed into valuable.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a multistage resource utilization device for organic solid wastes, which can be used for carrying out batch treatment on the organic solid wastes, effectively shortens the treatment time and avoids the problem of pollution and damage of compost to the environment.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multi-stage resource utilization device for organic solid waste comprises a device shell, a primary treatment device and a secondary treatment device, wherein the primary treatment device is arranged in the device shell and used for pretreating the organic solid waste, and the secondary treatment device is arranged in the device shell and used for retreating the pretreated organic solid waste; the primary treatment equipment is characterized by comprising an equipment shell, a crushing unit, a separation unit and a power unit, wherein the crushing unit is arranged in the equipment shell and used for crushing, the separation unit is arranged in the equipment shell and used for carrying out solid-liquid separation, and the power unit is used for providing power for the crushing unit and the separation unit;

the equipment shell comprises a first equipment shell, a second equipment shell and a third equipment shell, wherein the first equipment shell and the second equipment shell are arranged in parallel up and down, and the third equipment shell is arranged at the lower end of the second equipment shell; the first equipment shell, the second equipment shell and the third equipment shell are communicated;

the crushing unit comprises a first belt seat bearing capable of being arranged on the side wall of a first equipment shell, 2 crushing cutter shafts capable of being arranged inside the first equipment shell through the belt seat bearing, a plurality of crushing blades uniformly arranged on the crushing cutter shafts, and a spacer ring arranged between every two adjacent crushing blades;

the separation unit comprises 2 push plates which are relatively placed in the second equipment shell, 2 telescopic rods which are respectively arranged on the 2 push plates and penetrate through the side wall of the second equipment shell, a blanking bobbin which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell and is vertical to the telescopic rods, a second bearing with a seat which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell, rotary slurry which is arranged on the side wall of the second equipment shell through the second bearing with a seat and can penetrate through the second equipment shell and the blanking bobbin, and a liquid leakage plate which is arranged at the lower end of the second equipment shell;

the power unit comprises a first motor for providing power for the crushing cutter shaft, 2 second motors for providing power for 2 telescopic rods respectively and a third motor for providing power for the rotary propeller;

the secondary treatment equipment comprises first treatment equipment connected with the blanking bobbin for solid treatment and second treatment equipment connected with the third equipment shell for liquid treatment.

Furthermore, a first spiral feeding device is arranged inside the device shell, and a feeding notch is formed in the outer side wall of the device shell; a feeding port of the spiral feeding equipment is connected with the feeding port, and a discharging port of the spiral feeding equipment is connected with a feeding port of the first equipment shell; the amount of labour when utilizing first spiral feeding equipment and feed notch collocation to use can alleviate the material loading effectively, and the practicality is stronger in the in-service use.

Furthermore, the first processing device comprises a feeding unit and a fermentation unit connected with the feeding device; the feeding unit comprises a second spiral feeding device which can be connected with the discharging bobbin, and a feeding device which can feed materials into the fermentation unit; utilize second spiral charging equipment can directly transport the solid slag charge of the organic solid waste material after primary treatment equipment handles to fermentation unit and handle, can realize intelligent control.

Further, the fermentation unit comprises a protective shell, a first fermentation tank arranged inside the protective shell, a first stirring unit arranged inside the first fermentation tank and used for stirring, a first heating unit arranged at the bottom of the first fermentation tank and used for heating the first fermentation tank, and a first tail gas treatment unit arranged inside the protective shell and connected with the top end of the first fermentation tank; utilize first heating element can realize the control to the inside temperature variation of fermentation cylinder, can make the decomposition efficiency of fermentation more thorough in the use of reality, in addition, utilize first tail gas treatment facility can absorb, handle the tail gas that produces in the fermentation cylinder effectively.

Furthermore, the fermentation unit comprises a protective shell, 3-5 second fermentation tanks which are arranged in the protective shell and connected in sequence, 3-5 second stirring units which are respectively arranged in the second fermentation tanks and used for stirring, 3-5 second heating units which are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the second fermentation tanks and used for heating the second fermentation tanks, and a second tail gas treatment unit which is arranged in the protective shell and connected with the second fermentation tanks at the top ends; the first fermentation tank is connected with a first spiral feeding device, and the second fermentation tank is connected with a second feeding device; the mode that a plurality of fermentation tanks are arranged in sequence is adopted, so that the fermentation time is prolonged, and the fermentation can be more thorough; the microorganism needed in the fermentation is added into the 2 nd fermentation tank by utilizing the feeding equipment, so that the method has higher efficiency in actual use.

Further, the second treatment equipment comprises an oil-water separation unit, a first collection cavity box connected with the oil-water separation unit and used for collecting waste water, and a second collection cavity box connected with the oil-water separation unit and used for collecting waste oil; the oil-water separation unit is used for separating the separated liquid from the waste water and the waste oil, and the later treatment is facilitated.

Furthermore, the oil-water separation unit comprises a liquid collecting tank, a flow dividing head which can be movably arranged at the upper end of the liquid collecting tank, an oil filter screen which can be clamped at the lower end of the flow dividing head, and a liquid discharging funnel which can penetrate through the flow dividing head, can be inserted into the liquid collecting tank and is connected with the third equipment shell through a guide pipe; the flow distribution head comprises a water leakage cover and an oil leakage head arranged at the upper end of the water leakage cover, the water leakage cover is communicated with the oil leakage head, the oil filter screen is positioned between the water leakage cover and the oil leakage head, and a lower liquid port of the lower liquid funnel is positioned at the lower end of the interior of the liquid collection tank; the water leakage cover is connected with the first collection cavity box, and the oil leakage head is connected with the second collection cavity box; by adopting the structure, the oil and water can be separated more thoroughly in actual use.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention has reasonable integral structure design, adopts primary treatment equipment to crush and compress the mailing solid waste aiming at a little water content in the organic solid waste, so that the water content of the organic solid waste is suddenly reduced, and then utilizes secondary treatment equipment to specifically treat two different wastes generated by the treatment equipment, thereby being more efficient;

2. the primary treatment equipment adopted by the invention can effectively reduce the water content of the organic solid waste to be lower than 5%, and the organic solid waste can be directly used for fertilization of farmlands after the fermentation treatment in the later period, so that the resource can be effectively recycled;

3. the device can realize the mass production of the organic solid waste, avoids the problems of land occupation and odor influence on the air quality of composting treatment, and is suitable for mass popularization.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a primary treatment apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a fermentation unit according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of a second treating apparatus according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an oil-water separation unit according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fermentation unit according to example 3 of the present invention;

wherein, 1-device shell, 11-first spiral feeding device, 12-feeding notch, 2-first-stage treatment device, 21-device shell, 211-first device shell, 212-second device shell, 213-third device shell, 22-crushing unit, 221-first bearing with seat, 222-crushing cutter shaft, 223-crushing blade, 224-spacer ring, 23-separation unit, 231-push plate, 232-telescopic rod, 233-blanking bobbin, 234-second bearing with seat, 235-rotary slurry, 236-liquid leakage plate, 24-power unit, first motor, 242-second motor, 243-third motor, 3-first treatment device, 31-feeding unit, 311-second spiral feeding device, 312-feeding equipment, 32-fermentation unit, 321-first fermentation tank, 3210-second fermentation tank, 322-first stirring unit, 3220-second stirring unit, 323-first heating unit, 3230-second heating unit, 324-first tail gas treatment unit, 3240-second tail gas treatment unit, 4-second treatment equipment, 41-oil-water separation unit, 411-liquid collecting tank, 412-flow dividing head, 4121-water leakage cover, 4122-oil leakage head, 413-oil filter screen, 414-lower liquid funnel, 42-first collection cavity box and 43-second collection cavity box.

Detailed Description