阅读说明：本技术 一种新型共轨喷油器 (Novel common rail oil sprayer ) 是由 张建明 姬广存 于 2020-06-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种新型共轨喷油器。该共轨喷油器包括：针阀体和三通阀体,三通阀体安装于针阀体的上部,所述针阀体内设置针阀,弹簧座,针阀弹簧,针阀下部设置针阀密封面,针阀弹簧将弹簧座和针阀压紧于针阀体的针阀密封面上,所述针阀体内设置有喷油孔和喷嘴进油孔,针阀与针阀体配合形成容积腔和压力室,所述三通阀体内设置三通阀座,三通阀片和复位弹簧,复位弹簧将三通阀片压紧于三通阀座的下部内端面上,所述三通阀片分别与针阀控制室、三通阀进油孔、出油孔相通,三通阀片可上下运动,形成两位三通状态。本申请的共轨喷油器,能够解决原有共轨喷油器开启和关闭响应速度慢,回油量大,发动机功率不足及控制精度差的技术问题。(The application discloses a novel common rail fuel injector. The common rail injector includes: needle valve body and three-way valve body, three-way valve body install in the upper portion of needle valve body, set up the needle valve in the needle valve body, the spring holder, the needle valve spring, the needle valve lower part sets up the sealed face of needle valve, and the needle valve spring compresses tightly spring holder and needle valve on the sealed face of needle valve body, be provided with nozzle opening and nozzle inlet port in the needle valve body, the needle valve forms volume chamber and pressure chamber with the cooperation of needle valve body, set up three-way valve seat in the three-way valve body, three-way valve block and reset spring, reset spring compress tightly the three-way valve block on the terminal surface in the lower part of three-way valve seat, the three-way valve block communicates with each other with needle. The common rail oil sprayer can solve the technical problems that the starting and closing response speed of the conventional common rail oil sprayer is low, the oil return quantity is large, the power of an engine is insufficient, and the control precision is poor.)

1. A novel common rail injector is characterized by comprising: the needle valve body is internally provided with a needle valve, a spring seat and a needle valve spring, the lower part of the needle valve is provided with a needle valve sealing surface, the needle valve spring presses the spring seat and the needle valve on the needle valve sealing surface of the needle valve body, the three-way valve body is internally provided with a three-way valve seat, a three-way valve block and a reset spring, and the reset spring presses the three-way valve block on the inner end surface of the lower part of the three-way valve seat.

2. The novel common rail fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that a fuel injection hole and a nozzle fuel inlet hole are formed in the needle valve body, and the needle valve body cooperate to form a volume chamber and a pressure chamber.

3. The novel common rail fuel injector of claim 1, wherein the three-way valve seat and the needle valve body form a needle valve control chamber.

4. The novel common rail fuel injector as claimed in claim 1, wherein a valve plate throttling hole and a fuel through groove are formed in the three-way valve plate.

5. The novel common rail fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that a three-way valve inlet is arranged in the three-way valve seat, the oil inlet throttling hole and the oil outlet are formed, and the oil through groove is communicated with the oil outlet.

6. The novel common rail fuel injector as claimed in claims 3 and 5, wherein the three-way valve plate is respectively communicated with the needle valve control chamber, the three-way valve inlet and the three-way valve outlet, and the three-way valve plate can move up and down to form a two-position three-way state.

7. The novel common rail fuel injector according to claim 5, characterized in that one side of the fuel outlet is connected with an electromagnetic control valve.

8. A novel common rail fuel injector as claimed in claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the three-way valve inlet and the nozzle inlet are connected to a common rail pipe.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel common rail injection, in particular to a novel common rail injector.

Background

The diesel engine is widely applied to the fields of vehicle power, ship power, power generation equipment and the like, along with the increasing weight of environmental pollution and the stricter emission regulations, the fuel common rail injection technology is popularized on a large scale on the diesel engine, and the common rail injector is a core product component of a fuel common rail injection system.

The common rail fuel injector on the existing diesel engine adopts a hydraulic servo control mode, namely the common rail fuel injector is opened or closed through an electromagnetic valve, and the pressure of a control chamber is adjusted to realize the opening and closing of the fuel injector. The traditional hydraulic servo control mode is composed of a control valve body with an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole and a control plunger, wherein the flow of the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole on the control valve body and the diameter of the control plunger directly influence the opening and closing speed of an oil sprayer and cause the flow loss of high-pressure oil. When the electromagnetic valve is opened, high-pressure oil enters the control chamber from the oil inlet hole of the control chamber and then flows out from the oil outlet hole, so that the pressure change of the control chamber can be greatly reduced, the reaction speed of the oil sprayer is reduced, meanwhile, a large amount of high-pressure oil can be directly discharged from the oil outlet hole of the control chamber, and the energy loss is very large. The flow ratio of the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole of the control valve needs to be strictly controlled, special precision machining equipment and hydraulic grinding equipment are needed for part machining, the machining process is complex, and the machining and manufacturing cost is high.

In a part of models of diesel engines, the problem of insufficient engine power exists, and tests prove that the problem of insufficient engine power is caused by the fact that the difference between the oil injection quantity and the oil injection speed of the common rail oil injector and design parameters of the oil injector is large and the oil injection quantity of the oil injector is insufficient.

The common rail oil sprayer adopts a control mode of the two-position three-way valve, when the electromagnetic control valve is opened, the oil inlet channel of the control chamber is closed, the pressure change speed of the control chamber is greatly increased, and the flow loss of high-pressure oil is reduced, so that the response speed of the oil sprayer is increased, the energy loss of the oil sprayer is reduced, and the flow requirement of the oil sprayer on a high-pressure oil supply pump is reduced. In the common rail oil sprayer, a positive displacement oil inlet cavity is adopted, when a needle valve is opened, the oil sprayer has sufficient, continuous and stable high-pressure oil to be sprayed to a combustion chamber, the oil spraying quantity of the oil sprayer is ensured to be sufficient, and the problem of insufficient power of an engine is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The main object of this application is to provide a novel common rail injector to it is slow to solve original common rail injector and open and close response speed, and the oil return volume is big, and engine power is not enough and the poor technical problem of control accuracy.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a novel common rail injector is provided.

According to the utility model provides a novel common rail injector includes: the needle valve body and tee bend valve body, tee bend valve body install in the upper portion of needle valve body. The needle valve body is internally provided with a needle valve, a spring seat and a needle valve spring, the lower part of the needle valve is provided with a needle valve sealing surface, and the needle valve spring compresses the spring seat and the needle valve on the needle valve sealing surface of the needle valve body. The three-way valve body is internally provided with a three-way valve seat, a three-way valve block and a return spring, and the return spring tightly presses the three-way valve block on the inner end surface of the lower part of the three-way valve seat.

Furthermore, an oil injection hole and a nozzle oil inlet hole are formed in the needle valve body, and the needle valve is matched with the needle valve body to form a volume cavity and a pressure chamber.

Furthermore, the three-way valve seat and the needle valve body form a needle valve control chamber.

Furthermore, a valve plate throttling hole and an oil through groove are formed in the three-way valve piece.

Furthermore, a three-way valve oil inlet hole, an oil inlet throttling hole and an oil outlet hole are formed in the three-way valve seat, and the oil through groove is communicated with the oil outlet hole.

Furthermore, the three-way valve plate is respectively communicated with the needle valve control chamber, the three-way valve oil inlet hole and the three-way valve oil outlet hole, and the three-way valve plate can move up and down to form a two-position three-way state.

Furthermore, one side of the oil outlet is connected with an electromagnetic control valve.

Further, the three-way valve oil inlet and the nozzle oil inlet are connected with a common rail pipe.

In the embodiment of the application, through the structural design of the novel common rail oil sprayer, the rising and falling speeds of the pressure in the needle valve control chamber can be effectively improved, the opening and closing response speeds of the common rail oil sprayer are improved, the oil spraying stability and consistency are improved, and the technical problems that the original common rail oil sprayer is slow in opening and closing response speed, large in oil return amount, insufficient in engine power and poor in control precision are solved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a novel common rail fuel injector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the fluid movement state of a solenoid control valve of a novel common rail injector according to the embodiment of the application when the solenoid control valve is opened;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the fluid motion state of a novel common rail injector when a solenoid control valve is closed according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first variation of a novel common rail injector according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the fluid movement state of an electromagnetic control valve in a first modified structure of the novel common rail injector according to the embodiment of the application when the electromagnetic control valve is opened;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a second variation of the structure of a novel common rail injector according to the embodiment of the application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a third variation of the novel common rail injector according to the embodiment of the application.

Reference numerals:

01 needle valve body; 02 needle valves; 03 spring seats; 04 needle valve spring; 05 a return spring; 06 a three-way valve body; 07 a three-way valve plate; 08 a three-way valve seat; 09 an electromagnetic control valve; 10 a common rail pipe; 11 a volume chamber; 12 needle valve sealing surface; 13 oil spray holes; 14 a pressure chamber; 15 nozzle oil inlet holes; 16 needle valve control chamber; 17 valve plate orifice; an oil groove is communicated with 18; 19 three-way valve oil inlet; 20 oil outlet holes; 21 oil inlet orifices; 22 oil through holes; 23, a three-way valve cavity; 24 third oil passage.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.

Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.

Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," "coupled," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the present application relates to a novel common rail injector. The common rail injector includes: the needle valve body 01 and the three-way valve body 06, the three-way valve body 06 is installed on the upper portion of the needle valve body 01. The needle valve 02, the spring seat 03 and the needle valve spring 04 are arranged in the needle valve body 01, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is arranged at the lower part of the needle valve 02, and the spring seat 03 and the needle valve 02 are tightly pressed on the needle valve sealing surface 12 of the needle valve body 01 by the needle valve spring 04. A three-way valve seat 08, a three-way valve plate 07 and a return spring 05 are arranged in the three-way valve body 06, and the return spring 05 tightly presses the three-way valve plate 07 on the inner end face of the lower part of the three-way valve seat 08. And an oil injection hole 13 and a nozzle oil inlet hole 15 are formed in the needle valve body 01, and the needle valve 02 is matched with the needle valve body 01 to form a volume cavity 11 and a pressure chamber 14. The three-way valve seat 08 and the needle valve body 01 form a needle valve control chamber 16. And a valve plate throttling hole 17 and an oil through groove 18 are formed in the three-way valve plate 07. A three-way valve inlet 19, an oil inlet throttling hole 21 and an oil outlet 20 are arranged in the three-way valve seat 08, and an oil through groove 18 is communicated with the oil outlet 20. The three-way valve plate 07 is respectively communicated with the needle valve control chamber 16, the three-way valve oil inlet 19 and the three-way valve oil outlet 20 to form a three-way state. One side of the oil outlet hole 20 is connected with the electromagnetic control valve 09. The three-way valve oil inlet 19 and the nozzle oil inlet 15 are connected with the common rail pipe 10.

Specifically, a high-pressure oil source is stored in the common rail pipe 10, and the common rail pipe 10 is respectively communicated with the nozzle oil inlet 15 and the three-way valve oil inlet 19. When the electromagnetic control valve 09 is in a closed state, the nozzle oil inlet 15 is communicated with the volume chamber 11, the needle valve sealing surface 12 separates the volume chamber 11 from the pressure chamber 14, and the three-way valve plate 07 separates the three-way valve oil inlet 19 from the oil through groove 18, as shown in fig. 1.

When the electromagnetic control valve 09 is powered on, the electromagnetic control valve 09 is opened, the oil outlet hole 20 is communicated with an external low-pressure oil channel, the oil inlet hole 19 of the three-way valve is blocked by the three-way valve plate 07, high-pressure oil cannot flow out of the oil inlet hole 19 of the three-way valve, the high-pressure oil flows out without being supplemented, the oil pressure in the oil outlet hole 20 is rapidly reduced, the oil pressures in the oil through groove 18 and the needle valve control chamber 16 are also rapidly reduced, the needle valve 02 moves upwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the volume cavity 11 and overcomes the spring force, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is opened, and the high-pressure oil is sprayed to an engine combustion chamber through the volume cavity 11. The fluid flow conditions when the solenoid control valve 09 is open are shown in fig. 2.

When the electromagnetic control valve 09 is powered off, the electromagnetic control valve 09 is closed, the oil outlet hole 20 is cut off from the external low-pressure oil passage, oil in the needle valve control chamber 16 does not flow out any more, high-pressure oil in the three-way valve oil inlet hole 19 pushes the three-way valve plate 07 to move downwards to form a high-pressure oil flow passage, high-pressure oil flows in from the three-way valve oil inlet hole 19, the pressure in the needle valve control chamber 16 rises rapidly, the needle valve 02 moves downwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure of the needle valve control chamber 16, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is seated and closed, the flow passage between the volume cavity 11 and the pressure chamber 14 is cut off, the oil injector stops injecting oil, the fluid stops flowing, and the fluid motion state.

The needle valve 02 moves from the position of the needle valve sealing surface 12 to the position where the top of the needle valve 02 is in contact with the lower part of the three-way valve plate 07, and the generated movement stroke is the needle valve lift H. The maximum stroke of the up-and-down movement of the three-way valve plate 07 is also H.

From the above description, it can be seen that the following technical effects are achieved by the present application:

in the embodiment of the application, the electromagnetic control valve is opened, the oil outlet hole is communicated with the low-pressure oil duct, the oil inlet hole of the three-way valve is in a closed state, the pressure in the needle valve control chamber is rapidly reduced, the needle valve is rapidly opened, the opening response speed of the oil injector is accelerated, and the oil return flow of the injector is reduced. When the electromagnetic control valve is closed, the oil inlet hole of the three-way valve supplements oil pressure to the needle valve control chamber, and the structure of the traditional injector control valve is cancelled, so that the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole do not need to set exact oil inlet and outlet quantity ratios, the oil inlet flow of the three-way valve seat and the three-way valve plate can be increased, the oil pressure in the needle valve control chamber can be supplemented rapidly, the needle valve is closed rapidly, and the closing response speed of the oil injector is accelerated. The volume cavity is arranged on the upper portion of the sealing surface of the needle valve, so that when the needle valve is opened, sufficient high-pressure oil is sprayed through the oil spraying hole, and the stability and consistency of oil spraying of the oil sprayer are improved. Through the structure optimization design of the common rail fuel injector, the rising and falling speeds of the pressure in the needle valve control chamber can be effectively improved, the opening and closing response speeds of the fuel injector are improved, the stability and consistency of fuel injection are improved, and the technical problems that the original common rail fuel injector is slow in opening and closing response speed, large in oil return amount, insufficient in engine power and poor in control precision are solved.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the three-way valve body 06 is attached to the upper portion of the needle valve body 01, the needle valve 02, the spring seat 03, and the needle valve spring 04 are provided in the needle valve body 01, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is provided on the lower portion of the needle valve 02, and the needle valve spring 04 presses the spring seat 03 and the needle valve 02 against the needle valve sealing surface 12 of the needle valve body 01. A three-way valve seat 08, a three-way valve plate 07 and a return spring 05 are arranged in the three-way valve body 06, and the return spring 05 tightly presses the three-way valve plate 07 on the inner end face of the lower part of the three-way valve seat 08.

As is preferable in the present embodiment, an oil injection hole 13 and a nozzle oil inlet hole 15 are provided in the needle valve body 01, and the needle valve 02 cooperates with the needle valve body 01 to form a volume chamber 11 and a pressure chamber 14. And determining the volume value of the volume cavity 11 according to the matching power range of the oil injector, and ensuring the stability of oil injection of the oil injector.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the three-way valve seat 08 and the needle valve body 01 form a needle valve control chamber 16.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a valve plate orifice 17 is arranged in the three-way valve plate 07, and when a fluid flows, the valve plate orifice 17 plays a role in flow limiting and throttling, and the valve plate orifice 17 of the present application may form a channel for one hole or a plurality of holes or chamfered edges, and the number and the flow area are determined according to different product performance requirements.

Preferably, the oil through groove 18 is disposed on the three-way valve plate 07, and the oil through groove 18 may also be disposed at a corresponding position below the three-way valve seat 08.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, a three-way valve inlet 19, an inlet orifice 21 and an outlet orifice 20 are disposed in the three-way valve seat 08, the inlet orifice 21 performs a flow-limiting throttling function, the diameter of the inlet orifice 21 is determined according to the performance of the injector, and the inlet orifice 21 may be omitted as needed.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the three-way valve plate 07 is respectively communicated with the needle valve control chamber 16, the three-way valve inlet 19, and the three-way valve plate 20, and the three-way valve plate 07 can move up and down to form a two-position three-way state.

As is preferred in this embodiment, the oil outlet 20 is connected to the electromagnetic control valve 09, and the electromagnetic control valve 09 can adopt ball valve sealing, plane valve sealing and other sealing manners when sealing the oil outlet 20 and the low-pressure oil passage.

As is preferable in the present embodiment, the novel common rail injector of the present application further includes a first modified structure, as shown in fig. 4. The three-way valve body 06 is arranged on the upper part of the needle valve body 01, the needle valve body 01 and the three-way valve body 06 surround to form a needle valve control chamber 16, an oil through hole 22 is arranged in the three-way valve body 06, and the three-way valve body 06 and the three-way valve plate 07 surround to form a three-way valve chamber 23. When the electromagnetic control valve 09 is powered on, the electromagnetic control valve 09 is opened, the oil outlet hole 20 is communicated with the external low-pressure oil channel, the oil inlet hole 19 of the three-way valve is blocked by the three-way valve plate 07, high-pressure oil cannot flow out of the oil inlet hole 19 of the three-way valve, the high-pressure oil flows out without being supplemented, the oil pressure in the oil outlet hole 20 is rapidly reduced, the oil pressure in the oil through groove 18, the three-way valve cavity 23 and the needle valve control chamber 16 is also rapidly reduced, the needle valve 02 moves upwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the volume cavity 11 against the spring force, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is opened, and the high-pressure oil is sprayed to an engine combustion chamber through the volume cavity 11 via the pressure chamber 14 and the oil injection. When the electromagnetic control valve 09 is powered off, the electromagnetic control valve 09 is closed, the oil outlet hole 20 is cut off from the external low-pressure oil channel, oil in the three-way valve cavity 23 and the needle valve control chamber 16 does not flow out any more, high-pressure oil in the three-way valve inlet hole 19 pushes the three-way valve plate 07 to move downwards to form a high-pressure oil flow passage, the high-pressure oil flows in from the three-way valve inlet hole 19, the pressure in the three-way valve cavity 23 and the pressure in the needle valve control chamber 16 rapidly rises, the needle valve 02 moves downwards under the action of the hydraulic pressure in the needle valve control chamber 16, the needle valve sealing surface 12 is seated and closed, the flow passage between the volume cavity 11 and the pressure.

As is preferable in the present embodiment, the novel common rail injector of the present application further includes a second modified structure, as shown in fig. 6. The three-way valve seat 02 is provided with a third oil passage 24, the third oil passage 24 may be one hole or a plurality of holes, and the third oil passage 24 is communicated with the oil groove 18 and the oil outlet hole 20. The oil outlet hole 20 is located at the middle position of the three-way valve seat 08, and the three-way valve oil inlet hole 19 and the oil inlet orifice 21 are located at the side position of the three-way valve seat 08.

As is preferable in the present embodiment, the novel common rail injector of the present application further includes a third modified structure, as shown in fig. 7. The three-way valve oil inlet 19 is located at the non-central position of the three-way valve seat 08, the third oil duct 24 is located at the central position of the three-way valve seat 08, the oil through groove 18 is formed in the three-way valve seat 08, and the valve plate throttling hole 17 is located at the central position of the three-way valve plate 07.

In conclusion, the invention solves the technical problems of low response speed of opening and closing of the original common rail fuel injector, large oil return quantity, insufficient engine power and poor control precision.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.