阅读说明：本技术 燃油加热器进气预加热系统及车辆 (Fuel heater inlet air preheating system and vehicle ) 是由 姜友爱 于 2019-03-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及燃油加热器进气预加热系统及车辆,包括排气换热器和用于对进气系统中气体进行加热的预加热器,排气换热器的一端用于排气管路的通过,排气换热器的另一端用于进气系统的通过；预加热器用于在燃油加热器温度或排气管路温度大于设定值时关闭或降低工作功率。当预加热器在燃油加热器温度或排气管路温度大于设定值时,关闭预加热器仅利用排气管路对进气进行加热；或者降低预加热器的工作功率,利用排气管路和预加热器一起对进气进行加热。通过上述加热方式,在合理利用燃油加热器排出的尾气的热量的同时,解决了现有燃油加热器进气预加热需要在高寒情况下持续开启导致能源消耗过大和降低排放污染的问题。(The invention relates to an air inlet preheating system of a fuel heater and a vehicle, comprising an exhaust heat exchanger and a preheater for heating air in an air inlet system, wherein one end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for passing through an exhaust pipeline, and the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for passing through the air inlet system; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel oil heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is larger than a set value. When the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline of the preheater is higher than a set value, the preheater is closed and only the exhaust pipeline is used for heating the intake air; or the working power of the preheater is reduced, and the exhaust pipeline and the preheater are used together to heat the inlet air. Through above-mentioned heating methods, when the heat of the exhaust tail gas of rational utilization fuel oil heater, solved current fuel oil heater and admitted air and preheated and need continuously open under the alpine condition and lead to the problem that energy resource consumption is too big and reduce emission pollution.)

1. The fuel heater inlet air preheating system comprises a preheater for heating air in an inlet air system, and is characterized by further comprising an exhaust heat exchanger, wherein one end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for passing through an exhaust pipeline, and the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for passing through the inlet air system; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is greater than a set value.

2. A fuel heater inlet air preheating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheater is an electric heater.

3. A vehicle comprises a vehicle body, and a fuel heater, an air inlet system, an exhaust pipeline and a fuel heater air inlet preheating system which are arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the fuel heater air inlet preheating system comprises a preheater for heating air in the air inlet system, the air inlet system is connected with an air inlet of the fuel heater, and an air outlet of the fuel heater is connected with the exhaust pipeline; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is greater than a set value.

4. The vehicle of claim 3, wherein an oil supply line is further disposed on the vehicle body, and the pre-heater is connected to the oil supply line for heating oil in the oil supply line.

5. A vehicle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the pre-heater is an electric heater.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of starting of fuel heaters, in particular to an air inlet preheating system of a fuel heater and a vehicle.

Background

Automotive heaters were first produced in europe in the 40's of the 20 th century and were primarily used for winter engine warm-up and cabin heating, or passenger car cabin heating and windshield defrosting.

At present, the air entering a combustion chamber is required to have higher temperature when the oil-gas mixture and the ignition combustion of a fuel heater are carried out, so that the fuel heater has the problem of difficult starting when the environmental temperature is lower, at the moment, the fuel heater can not even be started if auxiliary starting measures are not taken, and the traditional auxiliary starting mode generally selects methods of adding combustion improver, arranging a heater or manually heating and the like. After the fuel heater starts, to the severe cold district, in order to prevent the phenomenon that the fuel heater burns the black cigarette inadequately, need continuously preheat fuel heater admits air. However, this heating method can cause the fuel heater to be continuously turned on, which results in excessive energy consumption and emission pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an air inlet preheating system of a fuel oil heater, which is used for solving the problems of overlarge energy consumption and emission pollution reduction caused by the fact that the air inlet preheating of the existing fuel oil heater needs to be continuously started under the high and cold conditions; the invention also provides a vehicle, which is used for solving the problems of overlarge energy consumption and emission pollution reduction caused by the fact that the preheating of the inlet air of the fuel heater in the existing vehicle needs to be continuously started under the high and cold conditions.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides an intake preheating system of a fuel heater, which comprises a preheater for heating gas in an intake system and an exhaust heat exchanger, wherein one end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for an exhaust pipeline to pass through, and the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for the intake system to pass through; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is greater than a set value.

Has the advantages that:

the gas input into the fuel oil heater is heated by the preheater in the air inlet system and the exhaust heat exchanger, and the air inlet system and the exhaust pipeline both pass through the exhaust heat exchanger. When the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline of the preheater is higher than a set value, the preheater is closed and only the exhaust pipeline is used for heating the intake air; or the working power of the preheater is reduced, and the exhaust pipeline and the preheater are used together to heat the inlet air. Through above-mentioned heating methods, when the heat of the exhaust tail gas of rational utilization fuel oil heater, solved current fuel oil heater and admitted air and preheated and need continuously open under the alpine condition and lead to the problem that energy resource consumption is too big and reduce emission pollution. In addition, the condition of final ignition after multiple times of unsuccessful ignition can bring a series of hidden dangers, fuel oil sprayed when the ignition is unsuccessful is accumulated, the oil-gas ratio during subsequent ignition is influenced, the ignition is not performed (vicious circle), even if the ignition is performed occasionally, insufficient combustion can be caused, black smoke is emitted, fuel oil is wasted, the service life of an ignition device is shortened, and the ignition efficiency problem of an ignition heater can be effectively eliminated or reduced by preheating an air inlet system, namely the problem of unsuccessful ignition is avoided.

Further, the pre-heater is an electric heater; the electric heater has high heating efficiency and is beneficial to the rapid heating of the inlet air.

The invention also provides a vehicle, which comprises a vehicle body, and a fuel heater, an air inlet system, an exhaust pipeline and a fuel heater air inlet preheating system which are arranged on the vehicle body, wherein the fuel heater air inlet preheating system comprises a preheater for heating air in the air inlet system, the air inlet system is connected with an air inlet of the fuel heater, an air outlet of the fuel heater is connected with the exhaust pipeline, the fuel heater air inlet preheating system also comprises an exhaust heat exchanger, the exhaust pipeline passes through one end of the exhaust heat exchanger, and the air inlet system passes through the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is greater than a set value.

Has the advantages that:

the gas input into the fuel oil heater is heated by the preheater in the air inlet system and the exhaust heat exchanger, and the air inlet system and the exhaust pipeline both pass through the exhaust heat exchanger. When the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline of the preheater is higher than a set value, the preheater is closed and only the exhaust pipeline is used for heating the intake air; or the working power of the preheater is reduced, and the exhaust pipeline and the preheater are used together to heat the inlet air. Through above-mentioned heating methods, when the heat of the exhaust tail gas of rational utilization fuel oil heater, solved current fuel oil heater and admitted air and preheated and need continuously open under the alpine condition and lead to the problem that energy resource consumption is too big and reduce emission pollution.

Further, an oil supply pipeline is further arranged on the vehicle body, and the pre-heater is connected with the oil supply pipeline and used for heating oil in the oil supply pipeline; the fuel oil entering the fuel oil heater is heated, the hidden danger that the air inlet temperature is too low and the ignition is not carried out for many times is prevented, and the tail gas can be prevented from emitting black smoke when the engine is started; the fuel heater can be started smoothly under the condition of high and cold.

Further, the pre-heater is an electric heater; the electric heater has high heating efficiency and is beneficial to the rapid heating of the inlet air.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the fuel heater inlet air preheating system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the oil and gas preheating system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic control diagram of the oil and gas preheating system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of the oil and gas preheating system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the oil and gas preheating system with water supply of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of the operation of the oil and gas preheating system with water supply system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The first embodiment of the vehicle of the invention:

the invention provides a vehicle which comprises a vehicle body, a fuel heater, an air inlet system, an exhaust pipeline and a fuel heater air inlet preheating system, wherein the fuel heater, the air inlet system, the exhaust pipeline and the fuel heater air inlet preheating system are arranged on the vehicle body.

The fuel heater inlet air preheating system also comprises an exhaust heat exchanger, wherein the exhaust heat exchanger is provided with two pipelines, one pipeline is connected in the inlet system and used for inlet air to pass through the exhaust heat exchanger, the other pipeline is connected in the exhaust pipeline and used for tail gas after combustion to pass through the exhaust heat exchanger, and the exhaust heat exchanger is used for heat exchange between the inlet system and the exhaust pipeline; when the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline of the preheater is higher than a set value, the preheater is closed and only the exhaust pipeline is used for heating the intake air; or the working power of the preheater is reduced, and the exhaust pipeline and the preheater are used together to heat the inlet air. The air inlet system can be an air inlet pipeline or not, is in a pipeline form, is in a special-shaped structure, and meets the requirement that air flow passes through, for example, a fan directly draws air from the environment and sends the air into the ignition system.

The fuel heater intake air preheating system is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a preheater (an oil-gas heater in the figure) for heating gas in an intake system, and further comprises an exhaust heat exchanger (an exhaust/intake air heat exchange system in the figure) for performing heat exchange between the intake system and an exhaust pipeline, wherein one end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for the passage of the exhaust pipeline (the exhaust system in the figure), and the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for the passage of the intake system; the air inlet system comprises a fan motor and an air inlet system (an airflow channel of the air inlet system is shown in the figure), the air inlet system passes through a preheater and then is introduced into an exhaust heat exchanger, then the air inlet system passes through the exhaust heat exchanger and is connected with an ignition system, and finally the air inlet system is introduced into a combustion chamber of a combustion heating system. After the tail gas is combusted in the combustion chamber, the tail gas is discharged out of the combustion heating system through the exhaust pipeline, is connected to the exhaust heat exchanger through the exhaust pipeline and is discharged out of the exhaust heat exchanger.

In extreme cold conditions, the intake air needs to be preheated because the fuel heater is started requiring sufficient heat from the fuel gas. The fuel heater air inlet preheating system has two modes of preheating inlet air during working, namely an inlet air preheating 1 mode and an inlet air preheating 2 mode, wherein the inlet air preheating 1 mode is that when the inlet air system passes through a preheater, the preheater heats gas in the inlet air system; the inlet air preheating 2 is that the gas in the inlet system is introduced into the exhaust heat exchanger after the inlet air preheating 1, because in the exhaust heat exchanger, the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is very high after the gas in the exhaust pipeline is combusted by the combustion chamber, the gas in the inlet system is reheated by using the heat of the exhaust pipeline, then the gas is mixed with atomized fuel oil by the ignition system, the operations such as ignition and the like are carried out, then the temperature judgment is carried out, if the temperature of the fuel oil heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is greater than a set value, the working power of the preheater is reduced to achieve the purpose of reducing the energy consumption, otherwise, the heating state of the inlet air by the preheater is kept. And after judgment, introducing the intake air into the combustion chamber for combustion.

In the twice process of preheating of admitting air, make full use of the waste heat of tail gas after the combustion of combustion chamber, when the heat of the exhaust tail gas of rational utilization fuel heater, solved current fuel heater and admitted air and preheated and need continuously open under the alpine condition and lead to the too big problem of energy consumption.

In this embodiment, when the temperature is determined, if the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipe is greater than a set value, the working power of the preheater is reduced. The power of the pre-heater can be reduced to zero i.e. the pre-heater is switched off.

In this embodiment, the temperature set value of the fuel heater and the temperature set value of the exhaust line are determined according to actual conditions, and the set values can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the preheater adopts an electric heater with high heating efficiency. As other embodiments, other heaters known to those skilled in the art may be employed.

Vehicle embodiment two of the invention:

the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that an oil supply line is further provided in the vehicle, and the pre-heater is connected to the oil supply line for heating oil in the oil supply line.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the oil supply system includes an oil supply line (oil pipe and accessories of the oil supply system in the figure) and an oil pump, and the oil supply system connects the fuel oil to a preheater (an oil-gas heater in the figure) through the oil supply line. Under extreme cold conditions, because fuel oil with enough temperature needs to be provided for the fuel oil heater, the fuel oil in the oil supply pipeline is heated by the preheater, then is connected with the ignition system for atomization, is mixed with intake air, is ignited and the like, and finally is introduced into the combustion chamber for combustion. The fuel oil entering the combustion chamber is heated, the temperature of the fuel oil heater is further raised, and the fuel oil heater is favorably started smoothly under the cold condition.

The fuel heater intake air preheating system is added with the oil supply pipeline and other devices to form the oil gas preheating control system shown in fig. 3, the working mode is divided into intake air preheating and fuel preheating, the specific process is given in the above embodiments, and details are not described herein.

The control schematic diagram of the oil gas preheating system is shown in fig. 4, and an operation switch (the operation switch is operated by a driver or is controlled to be started by a controller of a vehicle after the detected temperature reaches a threshold value) controls a heater controller, and an ignition system, preheating of air inlet and fuel, an air inlet system and an oil supply system are controlled by the heater controller.

As shown in fig. 5, in an extremely cold environment, when a vehicle needs to perform auxiliary heating by a fuel heater, a heater controller is started by operating a switch, the heater controller starts an oil-gas heater (i.e., a preheater in the above embodiment), after the oil-gas heater is started, a fan motor of an air intake system and an oil pump of an oil supply system are both started, and the preheater performs fuel preheating and intake preheating 1. The oil pump pushes fuel into an ignition system (ignition area), meanwhile, the starting of the fan motor leads intake air into the ignition system after the intake air preheating 1 through the intake air system, the fuel is atomized by the atomizer after the electric injection, then the fuel and the intake air are mixed with each other, and finally the ignition operation is carried out. After ignition operation, judging the combustion temperature, and if the temperature does not meet the set requirement, re-igniting; and if the temperature meets the set requirement, turning off the ignition. After the ignition is closed, the starting stage is carried out, the oil gas after mixed ignition is introduced into a combustion chamber for combustion, the tail gas after combustion in the combustion chamber is discharged through an exhaust pipeline, and the tail gas is used as a heat source of the intake air preheating 2, passes through an exhaust heat exchanger (an exhaust/intake air heat exchange system) and is discharged through the exhaust pipeline.

From the starting stage of the fuel heater to the normal working stage, the fan motor is controlled to increase the speed to increase the air supply amount, the oil pump is increased to increase the oil supply amount, fuel oil is atomized, then oil and gas mixing is carried out, and finally the fuel oil is combusted in the combustion chamber. And after the normal working stage is started, the oil-gas heater is turned off, and the vehicle is started at the moment.

The following is a detailed description:

in the above process, the fan motor is used as a power source of the whole air intake system (including air intake, ignition, combustion and exhaust), and drives air to flow (air flow direction) in sequence from left to right in fig. 1.

The control strategy for airflow before ignition is successful is: after the oil gas heater is started, the heater controller sends a command for starting the fan motor, the ignition rotating speed v1 and v1 of the fan motor are set values and are smaller than the normal working rotating speed v2 of the fan motor, and the purpose of the operation is to generate relatively weak airflow which flows along the airflow direction in the ignition starting stage. Because the oil gas heater is the device (adopting the mode of electric heating in this embodiment) for preheating the fuel inlet and the intake air. In the initial state, the heating power design value is small in view of safety requirements, so that relatively weak airflow is adopted, and the oil gas heater can heat the passing airflow quickly. Secondly, it is also beneficial to prevent black smoke from being emitted during ignition. When ignition is started, the oil-gas mixing ratio needs to reach an optimal value, in an initial ignition stage, the initial fuel supply amount is smaller than the normal working supply amount, and relatively weak airflow is adopted to be matched with the initial fuel supply amount, so that the starting requirement is ensured, and the hidden danger of black smoke caused by insufficient initial combustion after large-dose supply is also prevented. In addition, in the initial stage of ignition, because the ignition temperature of the ignition device is limited, relatively weak airflow is adopted to pass through an ignition system (ignition region), so that the ignition failure caused by rapid temperature reduction of ignition sparks can be prevented.

The fan motor drives the air flow to pass through the oil-gas heater, the air flow enters the exhaust heat exchange system after being heated, the exhaust heat exchange system has no heat source (because the air flow is not ignited, the temperature of the air flow passes through a rear area such as a combustion chamber after the air inlet preheating 1, the temperature of the air flow is reduced to a certain extent, the exhaust temperature is lower than the temperature of the air flow after the air inlet preheating 1), and the air inlet preheating 2 does not work.

After the exhaust heat exchange system, airflow enters the ignition system to preheat the ignition system, so that the temperature of the ignition system is increased, and the condition that ignition is failed due to the fact that the temperature of the ignition system is too low can be prevented. And after passing through the ignition system, the airflow is discharged through the combustion chamber and the exhaust heat exchange system in sequence.

After the fan motor is started, the oil pump is started to provide an oil source for combustion in the combustion chamber, and the oil passes through a plurality of stages of oil preheating, atomization, mixing, ignition, combustion and exhaust heat exchange in sequence and is converted into tail gas to be discharged out of the oil heater. After the oil gas preheating system is started for t1 (unit: second), the heater controller sends an instruction for starting the oil pump, and fuel oil supply delay before ignition is adopted, because after the delay time t1, the power of the oil gas heater reaches a normal working value, fuel oil passing through the heater can be heated, and the situation that when the power of the oil gas heater does not reach the normal working value, the fuel oil is insufficiently heated, so that the fuel oil is insufficiently preheated to cause ignition failure is prevented. And secondly, fuel blockage can be prevented, the hidden danger of crystal blockage exists in part of positions under the condition that an oil way through which fuel passes is not operated for a long time, and the condition of insufficient fuel supply caused by low temperature and throttling crystallization can be eliminated through preheating.

During ignition, the heater controller simultaneously sends an ignition instruction and an oil injection instruction, so that the preheated fuel oil mist is mixed with air and then is timely ignited when encountering a high heat source, if the fuel oil is ignited after oil injection, part of the fuel oil mist flows into a combustion chamber along with air flow and is simultaneously settled, insufficient combustion is caused during later combustion, and black smoke is discharged. Whether ignition is successful or not can be judged by monitoring the temperature of the combustion chamber and the heater controller, and an ignition closing instruction is output after ignition success.

During the working process, the temperature of the fuel heater and the temperature of the exhaust pipeline need to be judged, if the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is larger than a set value, the working power of the preheater is reduced to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption, and otherwise, the heating state of the preheater on the intake air is kept.

In this embodiment, when the temperature is determined, if the temperature of the fuel heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipe is greater than a set value, the working power of the preheater is reduced. The power of the pre-heater can be reduced to zero i.e. the pre-heater is switched off.

In this embodiment, the temperature set value of the fuel heater and the temperature set value of the exhaust line are determined according to actual conditions, and the set values can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the preheater adopts an electric heater with high heating efficiency. As other embodiments, other heaters known to those skilled in the art may be employed.

The vehicle provided by the invention can be provided with only the fuel heater air inlet preheating system like the first vehicle embodiment, or can be provided with the fuel pipeline passing through the preheater on the basis of the vehicle of the first vehicle embodiment like the second vehicle embodiment to further heat the fuel so as to further improve the temperature, and the temperature improvement efficiency can be effectively improved on the premise of not increasing too many devices.

And the heating of the fuel can prevent the hidden danger of non-ignition at the low intake temperature or multi-ignition and the black smoke emission of tail gas during starting, after the non-ignition for many times, the relative air intake amount of the fuel is more (the proportion of the mixture ratio of oil and gas is overlarge), when the fuel is ignited for the last time, because the air quantity is insufficient and the fuel is too much, the combustion is insufficient, the exhaust emission is caused to emit the black smoke, the normal standard exhaust can be realized only when the redundant fuel sprayed for the previous times is completely combusted, and the fuel can be heated, so the condition can be avoided.

The third embodiment of the vehicle of the invention:

the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that a water supply system is further provided in the vehicle, and as shown in fig. 5, the water supply system includes a water pump, a water pipe, and accessories. The water supply system is connected to the combustion heating system, and a pipeline for water circulation heating is arranged in the combustion heating system. The water which flows through the combustion heating system is heated by utilizing the heat generated by combustion in the combustion chamber, and then the water which is heated by water circulation is discharged from a water outlet of a heater of the combustion heating system.

The heater controller controls a water pump connected in the water supply system. The operation flow is shown in fig. 6, when the ignition is synchronized, the heater controller sends out a command to start the water pump, so that the water starts to circulate. The water pump lifts the lift of water, enters from the water inlet of the combustion heating system, exchanges heat through the periphery of the combustion chamber, and is discharged from the water outlet of the heater of the combustion heating system, so that the water obtains the energy after fuel oil is combusted, and the water temperature is raised. The advantage of doing so is, when the ignition, start the water pump, utilize the circulation of water to take away the heat of combustion chamber in time, prevent that the combustion chamber is overheated.

Except for the water supply system, other parts of the present embodiment are the same as those of the present embodiment, and are not described herein again.

The embodiment of the intake preheating system of the fuel heater comprises the following steps:

the invention provides an intake preheating system of a fuel heater, which comprises a preheater for heating gas in an intake system and an exhaust heat exchanger, wherein one end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for an exhaust pipeline to pass through, and the other end of the exhaust heat exchanger is used for the intake system to pass through; the pre-heater is used for closing or reducing the working power when the temperature of the fuel oil heater or the temperature of the exhaust pipeline is larger than a set value.

The system is a fuel heater intake air preheating system (i.e. the system shown in fig. 1) in the first embodiment of the vehicle of the present invention, and the specific structure and operation process are given in the first embodiment of the vehicle, and are not described herein again.