Fluid heat treatment device and fluid heat treatment method
阅读说明:本技术 流体热处理装置及流体热处理方法 (Fluid heat treatment device and fluid heat treatment method ) 是由 李翔宇 杨金涛 汪志明 唐孝鹏 陆姝欢 于 2020-06-09 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及流体热处理技术领域,提供一种流体热处理装置及流体热处理方法,该装置包括压力调节结构、换热单元和蒸汽输送管道;所述压力调节结构与所述换热单元通过连接管连通,所述连接管上安装有第一调节阀,所述蒸汽输送管道与所述换热单元连通,所述蒸汽输送管道上安装有第二调节阀,所述换热单元内安装有状态监测器件,所述状态监测器件、所述压力调节结构、所述第一调节阀和所述第二调节阀分别与微控件电连接。该方法包括向换热单元内通入蒸汽,并调节所述换热单元内的压力至换热单元内的蒸汽温度达到预设值,待处理流体与达到预设值状态的蒸汽在换热单元内进行换热处理。本发明的热处理过程稳定且易调控,处理效率高。(The invention relates to the technical field of fluid heat treatment, and provides a fluid heat treatment device and a fluid heat treatment method, wherein the device comprises a pressure adjusting structure, a heat exchange unit and a steam conveying pipeline; the pressure adjusting structure with the heat transfer unit passes through the connecting pipe intercommunication, install first governing valve on the connecting pipe, steam conveying pipeline with the heat transfer unit intercommunication, the last second governing valve that installs of steam conveying pipeline, install the state monitoring device in the heat transfer unit, the state monitoring device the pressure adjusting structure first governing valve with the second governing valve is connected with the micro-control spare electricity respectively. The method comprises the steps of introducing steam into a heat exchange unit, adjusting the pressure in the heat exchange unit until the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit reaches a preset value, and carrying out heat exchange treatment on fluid to be treated and the steam reaching the preset value state in the heat exchange unit. The heat treatment process of the invention is stable and easy to regulate and control, and the treatment efficiency is high.)
1. A fluid heat treatment device is characterized by comprising a pressure adjusting structure, a heat exchange unit and a steam conveying pipeline; the pressure adjusting structure with the heat transfer unit passes through the connecting pipe intercommunication, install first governing valve on the connecting pipe, steam conveying pipeline with the heat transfer unit intercommunication, the last second governing valve that installs of steam conveying pipeline, install the state monitoring device in the heat transfer unit, the state monitoring device the pressure adjusting structure first governing valve with the second governing valve is connected with the micro-control spare electricity respectively.
2. The fluid heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a fluid containing unit and a dewatering unit, wherein the bottom of the heat exchange unit is communicated with the fluid containing unit, the fluid containing unit and the dewatering unit are communicated through a material conveying pipeline, a third regulating valve is installed on the material conveying pipeline, a liquid level detecting device is installed in the fluid containing unit, and the third regulating valve and the liquid level detecting device are respectively electrically connected with the micro-controller.
3. The fluid heat treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit is communicated with a material conveying pipeline, a fourth regulating valve and a flow monitoring device are mounted on the material conveying pipeline, and the fourth regulating valve and the flow monitoring device are respectively and electrically connected with the micro-controller.
4. The fluid heat treatment device according to claim 1 or 3, further comprising a fluid dispersing structure, wherein the fluid dispersing structure comprises a dispersing part having a hollow inner cavity, the dispersing part is located in the heat exchange unit, and a plurality of spray holes are formed at the bottom of the dispersing part, any of the spray holes is communicated with the hollow inner cavity, and the fluid to be treated enters the heat exchange unit through the spray holes.
5. The fluid heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the nozzle hole is 0.8 to 2 mm.
6. The fluid heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a distance between any two adjacent spray holes is 40 to 60 mm.
7. The fluid thermal treatment apparatus of claim 4, wherein said plurality of vapor delivery conduits are distributed about the periphery of said fluid dispersion structure.
8. A fluid heat treatment method is characterized in that steam is introduced into a heat exchange unit, the pressure in the heat exchange unit is adjusted until the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit reaches a preset value, a fluid to be treated is conveyed into the heat exchange unit, and the fluid to be treated and the steam reaching the preset value are subjected to heat exchange treatment in the heat exchange unit.
9. The method for heat treatment of a fluid according to claim 8, wherein the steam introduced into the heat exchange unit has an initial temperature T1The temperature of the fluid to be treated after heat exchange with the steam is T2,T1-T2<20。
10. The fluid heat treatment method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a fluid containing unit is communicated with the bottom of the heat exchange unit, a heated fluid obtained after the fluid to be treated exchanges heat with steam enters the fluid containing unit, and the residence time of the heated fluid in the fluid containing unit is 1-120 s.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluid heat treatment, in particular to a fluid heat treatment device and a fluid heat treatment method.
Background
Pasteurization is a treatment method in which a raw material to be treated is heated to a certain temperature (usually 60 to 82 ℃), and is rapidly cooled after the temperature is maintained for a certain period of time. For example, the material to be treated may be maintained in an environment at 72 ℃ for a period of 15 seconds, the sterilization process being capable of killing pathogenic bacteria as well as most non-pathogenic bacteria in the material to be treated.
At present, pasteurization technology mainly adopts two modes, one mode is low-temperature long-time treatment, and the other mode is high-temperature short-time treatment. For the method of low-temperature long-time treatment, taking a sterilization mode of milk as an example, the milk can be heated to 62-65 ℃ and kept at the temperature for 30min, the treatment mode can kill various growth-type pathogenic bacteria in the milk, and the sterilization efficiency can reach 99.9%. However, this treatment method is not effective in killing thermotolerant bacteria, and the treatment efficiency is low in the batch treatment process.
Compared with a low-temperature long-time treatment mode, the high-temperature short-time treatment method can be used for continuous operation and has higher treatment efficiency. However, in some practical cases of the technology, the phenomenon of local overheating and coking caused by uneven heating of the material liquid occurs, and in other practical cases, the difference between the heat exchange source and the material processing temperature is large, and the sterilization temperature control precision is poor due to large temperature fluctuation, which also affects the quality of products, especially heat-sensitive materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fluid heat treatment device and a fluid heat treatment method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the fluid heat treatment temperature fluctuation is large, the treatment temperature control accuracy is not high, local overheating is easy to occur, and the treatment efficiency is low.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fluid heat treatment apparatus comprising a pressure regulating structure, a heat exchange unit and a vapor delivery conduit; the pressure adjusting structure with the heat transfer unit passes through the connecting pipe intercommunication, install first governing valve on the connecting pipe, steam conveying pipeline with the heat transfer unit intercommunication, the last second governing valve that installs of steam conveying pipeline, install the state monitoring device in the heat transfer unit, the state monitoring device the pressure adjusting structure first governing valve with the second governing valve is connected with the micro-control spare electricity respectively.
Further, the fluid heat treatment device further comprises a fluid containing unit and a dehydration unit, the bottom of the heat exchange unit is communicated with the fluid containing unit, the fluid containing unit is communicated with the dehydration unit through a material conveying pipeline, a third regulating valve is installed on the material conveying pipeline, a liquid level detection device is installed in the fluid containing unit, and the third regulating valve and the liquid level detection device are respectively electrically connected with the micro-control device.
Furthermore, the heat exchange unit is communicated with a material conveying pipeline, a fourth adjusting valve and a flow monitoring device are installed on the material conveying pipeline, and the fourth adjusting valve and the flow monitoring device are respectively electrically connected with the micro-control device.
Furthermore, the fluid heat treatment device further comprises a fluid dispersion structure, wherein the fluid dispersion structure comprises a dispersion part with a hollow inner cavity, the dispersion part is positioned in the heat exchange unit, the bottom of the dispersion part is provided with a plurality of spray holes, any spray hole is communicated with the hollow inner cavity, and the fluid to be treated enters the heat exchange unit through the spray holes.
Furthermore, the aperture of the spray hole is 0.8-2 mm.
Further, the distance between any two adjacent spray holes is 40-60 mm.
Further, the steam delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of pipes, and the plurality of pipes are distributed around the periphery of the fluid dispersion structure.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a fluid heat treatment method is provided, in which steam is introduced into a heat exchange unit, the pressure in the heat exchange unit is adjusted until the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit reaches a preset value, a fluid to be treated is delivered into the heat exchange unit, and the fluid to be treated and the steam reaching the preset value are subjected to heat exchange treatment in the heat exchange unit.
Further, the initial temperature of the steam introduced into the heat exchange unit is T1The temperature of the fluid to be treated after heat exchange with the steam is T2,T1-T2<20。
Furthermore, the bottom of the heat exchange unit is communicated with a fluid containing unit, a heating fluid obtained after heat exchange between the fluid to be treated and the steam enters the fluid containing unit, and the retention time of the heating fluid in the fluid containing unit is 1-120 s.
The fluid heat treatment device and the fluid heat treatment method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
the pressure adjusting structure and the steam conveying pipeline are respectively communicated with the heat exchange unit, the vacuum degree or the pressure in the heat exchange unit can be adjusted and controlled in real time by adjusting and controlling the corresponding adjusting valve and the pressure adjusting structure, the pressure and/or the temperature of the heat exchange unit are more stable, the influence of overlarge pressure change on the stability of the steam temperature in the heat exchange unit is avoided, when the fluid to be treated is contacted with the steam, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, the effect is better, the problem of local temperature overheating when the fluid to be treated is contacted with the steam can be avoided, and the sterilization effect and the product quality can be effectively improved; in addition, when the heat-sensitive material is processed, the loss of effective components in the heat-sensitive material can be effectively reduced under stable and accurate temperature control conditions.
The third regulating valve is arranged on a material conveying pipeline communicated with the heat exchange unit and the dehydration unit and linked with the liquid level detection device for acquiring liquid level data in the fluid containing unit, so that the stay time of the fluid to be treated in the fluid containing unit can be conveniently regulated and controlled, the contact time of the fluid to be treated and steam can be regulated and controlled, the heat treatment time of the fluid to be treated and the heating fluid obtained by heat exchange of the steam can be regulated and controlled, and the operation efficiency can be improved.
The fourth regulating valve and the flow monitoring device are arranged on the material conveying pipeline for conveying the fluid to be treated in the heat exchange unit, so that the flow of the fluid to be treated entering the heat exchange unit can be regulated and controlled conveniently, and the regulation and control effect of the steam pressure in the heat exchange unit can be further improved.
The fluid dispersing structure adopts a structure of a plurality of spray holes, the inner diameter of the spray holes and the distance between the spray holes are arranged, fluid to be treated entering the heat exchange unit can be dispersed into a plurality of strands of fluid, the contact efficiency of the fluid to be treated and steam can be remarkably increased, the steam is rapidly condensed on the surface of the fluid, latent heat is released to heat the fluid, and the heating time of the fluid can be greatly shortened. The plurality of steam conveying pipelines are arranged around the fluid dispersing structure, so that the contact efficiency of the fluid and the steam can be further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fluid heat treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-a steam generating device, 2-a heat exchange unit, 3-a vacuum processing device, 4-a dehydration unit, 5-a state monitoring device, 6-a material conveying pipeline, 7-a fourth regulating valve, 8-a steam conveying pipeline, 9-a second regulating valve, 10-a connecting pipe, 11-a first regulating valve, 12-a material conveying pipeline, 13-a third regulating valve, 14-a liquid level detecting device, 15-an emptying pipe, 16-an emptying valve and 17-a fluid containing unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fluid heat treatment apparatus, including a pressure regulating structure, a heat exchange unit 2 and a
The heat exchange unit 2 may include a heat exchange cylinder, and the structure of the cylinder may not be particularly limited. For example, the middle of the cylinder is generally a cylindrical structure, which is generally vertically disposed, i.e., the axis of the cylindrical structure is in a vertical direction. The upper and/or lower portion of the cylinder may be a cylinder or frustum structure having a smaller diameter than the middle cylinder. The cylinder is hollow, and the fluid to be treated is input into the cylinder and is subjected to heat treatment in the cylinder. It will be understood that heat exchange unit 2 also includes feed ports, discharge ports and other conventional necessary structures.
One end of the
The pressure regulating structure is used for regulating and controlling the pressure inside the heat exchange unit 2 or the vacuum degree of the heat exchange unit. The pressure regulating structure is communicated with the heat exchange unit 2 through a connecting
When a heat-sensitive fluid or other fluid to be heat-treated at a relatively low temperature is to be treated, for example, the preset air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 2 is less than or equal to 1 standard atmosphere (absolute pressure), and the actual pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 is relatively high (still less than or equal to 1 standard atmosphere, but higher than the preset air pressure value), the
When a fluid requiring a relatively high temperature for heat treatment is treated, for example, the preset air pressure value in the heat exchange unit 2 is greater than 1 standard atmospheric pressure (absolute pressure), and the air pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 is higher than the preset air pressure value, the
When the pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 needs to be less than or equal to 1 standard atmospheric pressure, the flow rate of conveying steam into the heat exchange unit 2 can be regulated and controlled by the vacuum degree in the heat exchange unit 2, and a corresponding pumping structure can also be correspondingly arranged on the
The following description will be made by taking a pressure adjusting structure as an example of the structure of the
The
The first regulating
Before the fluid to be treated is conveyed into the heat exchange unit 2, the heat exchange unit 2 can be in a closed state, then the pressure regulating structure and the first regulating
And after the vacuum degree or the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit 2 is regulated to a preset value, conveying the fluid to be treated into the heat exchange unit 2. The fluid to be treated is contacted with the steam in the heat exchange unit 2, and the steam is condensed on the surface of the fluid to be treated to release latent heat, so that the heat treatment of the fluid to be treated is realized. The treated fluid exits heat exchange unit 2. In the fluid heat treatment process, the opening and closing or opening degree of the
Wherein, still can open pressure regulation structure and first governing
By adopting the device, the heat treatment condition is easier to regulate and control, the treatment process is more stable, the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit 2 can be stably controlled within a preset range, the treatment effect can be effectively improved, the sterilization effect on fluid is improved, and the integral quality of a fluid product cannot be influenced due to large fluctuation of operation factors; in addition, in the heat treatment process, the influence of overhigh steam temperature on the fluid property can be avoided, and the adverse effect on the product quality can be reduced or avoided; the temperature difference between the fluid to be treated and the steam in the heat exchange unit 2 is relatively small, so that the influence of local overheating of the fluid on the treatment effect can be avoided. The device not only can be used for fluid sterilization, but also can be widely applied to other heat exchange processes in the fluid processing process.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment provides a fluid heat treatment apparatus, the fluid heat treatment apparatus further includes a
The
The fluid after heat treatment in the heat exchange unit 2 is transported to the dehydration unit 4 for dehydration treatment through the
A
On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a fluid heat treatment apparatus, the heat exchange unit 2 is communicated with the
The
On the basis of the foregoing embodiments, the present embodiment provides a fluid heat treatment apparatus, further comprising a fluid dispersing structure, wherein the fluid dispersing structure includes a dispersing portion having a hollow inner cavity, the dispersing portion is located in the heat exchange unit, and a plurality of nozzles are disposed at the bottom of the dispersing portion, any nozzle is communicated with the hollow inner cavity, and the fluid to be treated enters the heat exchange unit 2 through the nozzle. The material of the fluid dispersing structure is not particularly limited, as long as the fluid dispersing structure is convenient for fluid transportation and can work normally in a corresponding working environment.
The fluid dispersing structure further includes a communicating portion that communicates with the dispersing portion. The communicating part can be a straight pipe, a bent pipe or other tubular structures, and the communicating part can be directly communicated with the
The flat structure is provided with a plurality of spray holes, any spray hole is communicated with the hollow inner cavity of the dispersion part, and the axis of any spray hole is preferably parallel to the axis of the cylinder; it will be appreciated that the axis of the orifice may also have an inclination with respect to the axis of the barrel. The fluid to be treated entering the hollow inner cavity of the dispersion part enters the heat exchange unit 2 through the spray holes and directly contacts with the steam dispersed in the heat exchange unit 2 to carry out heat exchange treatment.
A fluid dispersion structure with a plurality of spray holes is adopted, so that the fluid to be treated enters the heat exchange unit 2 from different channels at the same time; fluid enters the heat exchange unit 2 through the spray holes, so that the fluid to be treated can be more fully contacted with steam in the heat exchange unit 2 after entering the heat exchange unit 2, the contact efficiency between the steam and the fluid to be treated divided into a plurality of strands of fluid is remarkably improved, the steam is rapidly condensed on the surface of each strand of fluid, the heating time of the fluid can be greatly shortened, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. Specifically, the distance between any two adjacent spray holes is 40-60 mm; the aperture of any spray hole is 0.8-2 mm. The aperture of the spray holes and the distance between the spray holes are reasonably arranged, so that the contact efficiency between the fluid to be treated and the steam can be further improved.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment provides a fluid heat treatment apparatus, wherein a plurality of
The positions where the plurality of
A fluid heat treatment method comprises the steps of introducing steam into a heat exchange unit 2, adjusting the pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 until the temperature of the steam in the heat exchange unit 2 reaches a preset value, conveying fluid to be treated into the heat exchange unit 2, and carrying out heat exchange treatment on the fluid to be treated and the steam reaching the preset value state in the heat exchange unit 2.
The following description will be made by taking as an example a processing method in which the pressure regulating structure is the
The fluid to be treated and the steam reaching the preset value state are mutually contacted in the heat exchange unit 2, the steam with relatively high temperature releases latent heat on the surface of the fluid to be treated, so that the temperature of the fluid to be treated is raised, and the fluid to be treated is subjected to heat treatment. The preset value of the steam temperature may be a specific value or a range of values.
It can be understood that, during the heat treatment process, the air pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 will change with the factors such as the addition of the fluid to be treated and the retention time of the fluid entering the heat exchange unit 2 in the
Before the fluid to be treated is conveyed to the heat exchange unit 2, the fluid to be treated can be subjected to heat exchange or heating treatment, so that the temperature of the fluid to be treated is properly increased, and the heat treatment effect is prevented from being influenced by overlarge temperature difference between the fluid to be treated and steam in the heat exchange unit 2. The temperature of the fluid to be treated entering the heat exchange unit 2 is 0-70 ℃; preferably 40 to 70 ℃, and more preferably 55 to 65 ℃.
The initial temperature of the steam input into the heat exchange unit, namely the temperature of the steam in the cavity after entering the heat exchange unit is controlled and adjusted, wherein the temperature is T1. The steam entering the heat exchange unit 2 exchanges heat with the fluid to be treated, and the temperature of the heated fluid obtained after heat exchange is T2。
The temperature difference between the initial temperature of the steam and the temperature of the heating fluid is kept in a smaller range, the temperature difference between the initial temperature of the steam and the heated heating fluid is reduced, the temperature control during the fluid heat treatment is more accurate, the stability of the treatment condition is more facilitated, and the heat treatment effect is improved. Wherein, T1-T2<20 ℃ and preferably 0<T1-T2<15℃,More preferably 0 < T1-T2≤10℃。
Wherein the initial temperature range of the steam is 80-160 ℃, preferably 90-150 ℃, and further preferably 95-130 ℃. Specifically, when the absolute air pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 is equal to or lower than the processing condition of 1 atmosphere, the initial temperature range of the steam is 80 to 100 ℃, and preferably 90 to 100 ℃; when the absolute pressure in the heat exchange unit 2 is higher than the processing condition of 1 atmospheric pressure, the initial temperature range of the steam is 100 to 160 ℃, preferably 100 to 150 ℃, and more preferably 120 to 135 ℃.
The temperature range of the heating fluid obtained after the fluid to be treated enters the heat exchange unit 2 and exchanges heat with steam is 75-155 ℃, preferably 86-145 ℃, and further preferably 90-125 ℃.
The fluid to be treated enters the
The treated heated fluid is conveyed to a vacuum dehydration device of the dehydration unit 4 through a conveying
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