阅读说明：本技术 用于致动压缩机系统的方法以及压缩机系统 (Method for actuating a compressor system and compressor system ) 是由 G·L·A·斯奈尔斯 于 2019-02-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种方法,用于致动压缩机系统(1)以将测量的运行压力(p<Sub>w</Sub>)设定为期望的运行压力(p<Sub>set</Sub>),所述测量的运行压力用作压缩机系统(1)以用户网络(14)要求的流量(Q)供应给用户网络(14)的运行压力(P)的度量,压缩机系统(1)包括具有入口(3)和出口(4)的压缩机元件(2),并且其中该压缩机元件(2)由驱动器(8)驱动,其中压缩机系统(1)设置有用于节流压缩机元件(2)的入口(3)的装置(6),其特征在于,只要从测量的运行压力(p<Sub>w</Sub>)和期望的运行压力(p<Sub>set</Sub>)中选择的运行压力(p)高于没有所述装置(6)时上述压缩机系统(1)可获得的最大运行压力(p<Sub>w,max</Sub>),所述装置(6)就将入口(3)节流大于零的至少特定百分比(x)。(Method for actuating a compressor system (1) for measuring an operating pressure (p) w ) Set to a desired operating pressure (p) set ) -said measured operating pressure being used as a measure of the operating pressure (P) of the compressor system (1) supplying the customer network (14) with a flow (Q) required by the customer network (14), -the compressor system (1) comprising a compressor element (2) having an inlet (3) and an outlet (4), and wherein the compressor element (2) is driven by a drive (8), -wherein the compressor system (1) is provided with means (6) for throttling the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2), characterized in that, as long as the operating pressure (P) is measured from the measured operating pressure (P), -the compressor system (1) is provided with means (6) for throttling the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2), characterized w ) And a desired operating pressure (p) set ) Selected operating pressure ofThe force (p) is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable by the compressor system (1) without said device (6) w,max ) Said means (6) throttle the inlet (3) by at least a certain percentage (x) greater than zero.)

1. Method for actuating a compressor system (1) to measure an operating pressure (p)_w) Set to a desired operating pressure (p)_set) -said measured operating pressure being used as a measure of the operating pressure (P) at which the compressor system (1) supplies a customer network (14) with a flow (Q) required by the customer network (14), -said compressor system (1) comprising a compressor element (2) having an inlet (3) and an outlet (4), and wherein the compressor element (2) is driven by a drive (8), -wherein the compressor system (1) is provided with means (6) for throttling the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2), characterized in that

As long as the operating pressure (p) is measured from the measurement_w) And the desired operating pressure (p)_set) Is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable by the compressor system (1) without said device (6)_w,max) Said means (6) throttle said inlet (3) by at least a certain percentage (x) greater than zero.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said compressor system (1) is operated at a maximum operating pressure (p) which is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable without said means (6)_w,max) By said operating pressure (p) and the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable as described above_w,max) The difference between them to increase the specific percentage (x) by which the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2) is throttled.

3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that said compressor system (1) is operated at a maximum operating pressure (p) which is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable without said means (6)_w,max) By said operating pressure (p) and the maximum operating pressure (p) obtainable as described above_w,max) The difference between to proportionally increase the specific percentage (x) by which the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2) is throttled.

4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the throttling of the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2) is achieved by providing the device (6) with an inlet throttle valve (7) and by controlling the inlet throttle valve in this way.

5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet (3) is throttled further by the device (6) as soon as the required flow (Q) drops.

6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that as long as the required flow (Q) is increased and as long as the above-mentioned operating pressure (p) is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) that the above-mentioned compressor system (1) can achieve without said means (6)_w,max) The throttling is reduced by the means (6) until the inlet (3) is throttled by the means (6) by the above-mentioned specific percentage (x).

7. Method according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotational speed(s) of the drive (8) is controlled.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:

-first reducing the rotational speed(s) of the drive (8) as soon as the required flow (Q) decreases until a minimum rotational speed(s) of the drive is reached_min) (ii) a And

-when a minimum rotational speed(s) of the drive is reached_min) And as soon as the required flow rate (Q) drops further, the inlet (3) is throttled further by the device (6).

9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that said compressor system (1) is brought to achieve a maximum operating pressure (p) as long as said operating pressure (p) is higher than the maximum operating pressure (p) that can be achieved without said means (6)_w,max) The method further comprises the steps of:

-as soon as the required flow (Q) increases, first reducing the throttling by the means (6) until the inlet (3) is throttled by the means (6) by the above-mentioned specific percentage (x); and

-when throttling the inlet (3) by the above-mentioned certain percentage (x), increasing the rotational speed(s) of the driver (8) as soon as the required flow (Q) is further increased.

10. Method according to any of the preceding claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the compressor system (1) is brought to achieve a maximum operating pressure (p) as long as the operating pressure (p) is equal to or lower than the maximum operating pressure (p) that can be achieved without the device (6)_w,max) The method further comprises the steps of:

-as soon as the required flow (Q) increases, first reducing the throttling by the device (6) until the inlet (3) is fully opened and is cleared again; and

-increasing the rotational speed(s) of the driver (8) as soon as the requested flow (Q) is further increased when the inlet (3) is fully opened and is open again.

11. Compressor system comprising a compressor element (2) having an inlet (3) and an outlet (4), the compressor element (2) being driven by a driver (8), wherein the compressor system (1) is provided with means (6) for throttling the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2), characterized in that the compressor system (1) is provided with a control unit (9) capable of actuating the above-mentioned means (6), wherein the control unit (9) is configured to perform a method according to any of the preceding claims.

12. Compressor system according to claim 11, characterized in that the rotational speed(s) of the driver (8) is controllable by the control unit (9), wherein the control unit (9) is configured to perform the method according to any of the preceding claims 7 to 10.

13. -compressor system according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the aforementioned means (6) for throttling the inlet (3) of the compressor element (2) comprise a throttle inlet valve (7).

14. The compressor system according to any of the preceding claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the compressor system (1) is an oil-injected screw compressor system (1).

15. Compressor system according to any of the preceding claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the compressor system (1) is a mobile compressor system (1).

Background

The invention relates to a method for actuating a compressor system.

More specifically, the present invention is directed to increasing the maximum operating pressure of a compressor system.

For these purposes, operating pressure refers to the pressure provided by the compressor system to the customer network.

Traditionally, the compressor system is actuated so that it will provide the flow required by the customer network at the desired operating pressure.

When the user network employs higher or lower flow rates, the operating pressure will drop or increase, respectively, without controlling the flow rate provided by the compressor system, which is obviously undesirable.

In order to set the operating pressure to the desired operating pressure, the compressor element of the compressor system will provide a lower or higher flow rate.

The flow rate may be controlled by throttling the inlet of the compressor element, for example by an inlet throttle valve, by adjusting the rotational speed of a driver of the compressor system driving the compressor element, if this rotational speed is variable.

At the moment the compressor system has to provide maximum flow, the drive is running at its maximum rotational speed and the inlet throttle is fully open.

In order to set the operating pressure to the desired operating pressure at the moment when the customer network starts to accept a lower flow, the flow provided by the compressor element must be reduced.

For these purposes, if the rotational speed of the drive is variable, the rotational speed of the drive is first reduced. At some point, the minimum rotational speed of the drive will be reached. At this point, the inlet throttle valve will be throttled to set the operating pressure to the desired operating pressure required by the customer network.

By reducing the rotational speed, the consumption of the drive will be reduced. By first reducing the rotational speed of the drive and throttling the inlet throttle valve only after the minimum rotational speed of the drive is reached, the efficiency of the compressor system will reach its highest possible and the consumption will reach its lowest possible.

The compressor system is preferably applicable in the widest field of application, which means in the largest possible operating pressure and flow range.

In fact, the flow rate to be delivered by the compressor element and also the operating pressure determine the power that the drive has to deliver.

The power that the drive can deliver is determined by the rotational speed and is represented by the rotational speed power curve. Thus, when the rotational speed is lower, the available power may be more limited.

The driving characteristics of the compressor system in combination with the transmission to the compressor element thus determine the field of application of the compressor system and thus the maximum operating pressure possible when using the previously described known method for setting the operating pressure of the compressor system to the desired operating pressure at the flow rate required by the customer network of the compressor system.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to increase the field of application of the compressor system and, more specifically, to allow higher operating pressures to be achieved.

The subject of the invention is a method for actuating a compressor system in order to measure an operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setWhich is used as a measure of the operating pressure provided by the compressor system to the customer network at a flow Q required by the customer network, which compressor system comprises a compressor element having an inlet and an outlet, and wherein the compressor element is driven by a drive, wherein the compressor system is provided with means for throttling the inlet of the compressor element, characterized in that the measured operating pressure p is derived from the measured operating pressure p_wAnd a desired operating pressure p_setIs higher than the maximum operating pressure p obtainable for the compressor system without the above-mentioned means_w,maxThe inlet is throttled by the device by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero.

Without the above-described use for throttle compressionMaximum operating pressure p obtainable for a compressor system of a device at the inlet of a machine element_w,maxIs the maximum operating pressure that can be achieved by conventionally known control methods for compressor systems in which the inlet is not throttled by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero as described above.

When the measured operating pressure p is exceeded_wAnd a desired operating pressure p_setIs equal to or lower than the above-mentioned maximum achievable operating pressure p_w,maxThe method will then comprise applying a conventionally known control method in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setThe measured operating pressure is used as a measure of the operating pressure provided by the compressor system to the customer network at the flow rate Q required by the customer network.

When the measured operating pressure p is exceeded_wAnd a desired operating pressure p_setIs higher than the above-mentioned maximum achievable operating pressure p_w,maxThe method will include throttling the inlet by at least a specified percentage x greater than zero.

One advantage is that higher than p can now be achieved_w,maxIs achieved only by the compressor system by throttling the inlet more than at least a certain percentage x of zero.

After all, this will reduce the flow of compressed gas and thus also the power absorbed by the compressor element.

As a result, the driver will have a greater residual power, so that a higher operating pressure can be achieved.

By not reducing the rotational speed and throttling the inlet slightly, a larger residual power of the drive is created, i.e. the drive maintains maximum power, while the power absorbed by the compressor element decreases.

According to the course of the rotational speed power curve, when the operating pressure p is higher than the maximum operating pressure p obtainable as described above_w,maxIt may be of interest not to keep the rotational speed at a maximum, but rather to keep the transmission torque of the drive at a maximum.

The above-mentioned user network must be understood very broadly and involves at least one user sucking compressed gas from the compressor system. However, in most cases, the user network will consist of a plurality of users of compressed gas, which are connected to the compressor system in the network.

Preferably, the aforesaid specific percentage x is increased (as long as the operating pressure p is higher than the aforesaid maximum operating pressure p obtainable)_w,maxThe specific percentage being the minimum percentage by which the inlet of the compressor element is throttled), and preferably, but not strictly necessary, with the operating pressure p and the aforementioned maximum obtainable pressure p_w,maxThe difference between them increases proportionally.

One advantage is that by throttling the inlet such that only the desired operating pressure p can be reached_setThe degree of throttling and thus the suppression of throttling beyond absolute necessity may always be provided by the compressor system with the maximum flow possible.

The invention also relates to a compressor system comprising a compressor element having an inlet and an outlet, which compressor element is driven by a drive, wherein the compressor system is provided with a device for throttling the inlet of the compressor element, characterized in that the compressor system has a control unit capable of actuating the aforementioned device, wherein the control unit is configured to perform the method according to the invention.

In essence, the benefits of such a compressor system are clearly similar to those of the method according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotational speed of the driver of the compressor system can be controlled by the aforementioned control unit.

Drawings

In order to better illustrate the characteristics of the invention, some preferred embodiments of the method and of the compressor system according to the invention will be described below, purely by way of example and without any limitative character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a compressor system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention;

fig. 3 shows various curves representing the degree of throttling of the inlet at different operating pressures p.

Detailed Description

The compressor system 1 shown in fig. 1 is in this case shown as an oil-injected screw compressor system 1 and, in the present example, comprises one screw compressor element 2.

The present invention does not exclude that more than one screw compressor element 2 is provided, which means that the compressor system 1 is a two-stage or multi-stage compressor system 1.

Furthermore, according to the invention, it is not excluded that the invention does not relate to an oil-injected compressor system 1 and/or does not relate to a screw compressor system 1.

In other words: the present invention relates to a variety of compressor systems 1.

In this case, it relates to the mobile compressor system 1, although this is not essential.

The compressor element 2 is provided with an inlet 3 for taking in gas to be compressed and an outlet 4 for compressing the gas.

The inlet 3 is connected to an inlet line 5, in which means 6 are provided to throttle the inlet 3 of the compressor element, in this case in the form of an inlet throttle valve 7.

The compressor system 1 is provided with a drive 8 for driving the compressor element 2.

The drive 8 may be a diesel, gas or petrol engine, but it may also be an electric motor, a permanent magnet motor, a turbine or similar.

The means 6 for throttling the inlet 3 and for throttling the driver 8 in the case of a driver 8 with a variable rotational speed s are connected to a control unit 9. According to the invention, the control unit 9 is configured to actuate the device 6 and, in case the driver 8 has a variable rotational speed s, to control the rotational speed of the driver 8.

In this example, the outlet 4 of the compressor element 2 is connected with a pressure tank 11 via an outlet line 10.

A pressure line 12 leads from the pressure tank 11 to a user network 13.

In this case, the user network 13 comprises three users 14 of compressed gas.

It is evident that the user network 13 can take many different forms and can range from a single user 14 directly connected to the pressure line 12 to very complex networks with tens of users 14 connected in parallel and in series in a complex network of lines 15.

Furthermore, in the present example, an oil passage 16 is also provided to enable oil to be injected into the compressor element 2.

For these purposes, an oil separator 17 is placed in the aforementioned pressure tank 11. It is also known as an "oil separator element".

Wherein the separated oil is separated from the compressed air and collected in the bottom of the pressure tank 11.

Oil pipe 18 leaves pressure tank 11 so that oil can be injected into compressor element 2 for lubricating and/or cooling the compressor element.

Oil is not excluded for lubricating and/or cooling the drive 8.

In this oil pipe 18 a heat exchanger 19 is included to enable cooling of the oil, and a three-way valve 20 is included to enable at least partial bypassing of the heat exchanger 19.

Obviously, this heat exchanger 19 and the three-way valve 20 are not essential to the invention and may also be placed elsewhere in the compressor system 1 and/or may be realized in another alternative way.

Finally, in this case, the compressor system 1 is characterized in that the pressure sensor 21 is able to determine or measure the operating pressure in the pressure tank 11 or the pressure line 12, so as to generate a measured operating pressure p_wThe value of (c).

According to the method of the invention, the compressor system 1 is very easy to actuate and is shown in fig. 2.

During operation of the compressor system 1, the compressor element 2 will be driven by the driver 8 and it will compress the sucked gas.

The compressed gas is supplied to a user network 13 via an outlet line 10 and a pressure line 12.

The customer network 13 requires the supply of compressed gas to have a desired pressure. This pressure is also referred to as the desired operating pressure p_set。

Depending on the flow Q required by the users 14 in the user network 13, the compressor element 2 must provide a higher or lower flow in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set。

For these purposes, the control unit 9 employs the following control method, as schematically shown in fig. 2.

First, the operating pressure p measured from the measurement is determined_wAnd a desired operating pressure p_setIs lower or higher than the maximum operating pressure p obtainable by the compressor system 1 without the device 6_w,max。

Selection of the desired operating pressure p by a user of the compressor system 1_setAnd may be input into the control unit 9, for example, by a user.

If the operating pressure p to be measured is used_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setWherein the device 6 does not throttle the inlet 3 by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero, the maximum operating pressure p obtainable as described above is determined by the maximum operating pressure that the compressor system 1 can supply to the user network 13_w,max。

As long as the operating pressure p is equal to or lower than the above-mentioned maximum operating pressure p obtainable_w,maxKnown conventional control methods will be employed.

This means that as soon as the required flow Q drops, the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is first reduced in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setAnd only when the drive 8 reaches the minimum rotation speed s_minAnd the required flow Q continues to drop, the inlet 3 is throttled by the device 6 in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set. If the rotational speed of the drive is not variable, the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is equal to the minimum rotational speed s at which control has been started_minThe result is a device6 throttling the inlet 3 in order to measure the operating pressure p without first reducing the rotational speed s of the drive 8_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set。

Preferably, the minimum rotation speed s of the drive 8 is determined by various conditions_min. The first condition is that the drive 8 must be able to provide sufficient power and torque to avoid stalling of the drive 8. Furthermore, the rotational speed s must be sufficiently removed (e.g. by a factor of 1.4) from the critical rotational speed of the coupling between the driver and the compressor element, where the coupling fails due to overheating.

As long as the operating pressure p is higher than the maximum operating pressure p obtainable as described above_w,maxThen, the following control method is adopted:

throttling the inlet 3 by a certain percentage x greater than zero;

whenever the required flow Q drops, first, if possible, the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is reduced in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setUntil a minimum rotational speed s of the drive is reached_min；

When the minimum rotational speed s of the drive 8 is reached_minAnd as soon as the required flow Q drops further, the inlet 3 is throttled further in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set。

Wherein the inlet 3 of the compressor element 2 is throttled by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero, preferably in relation to the operating pressure p and the aforementioned maximum obtainable operating pressure p_w,maxThe difference between them increases proportionally.

This is schematically illustrated in fig. 3: the higher the operating pressure p, the higher the at least a certain percentage x of the inlet 3 throttled by the device 6, which is greater than zero.

The graph shows the extent to which the inlet 3 is throttled according to the flow Q for different operating pressures p. As shown, wherein the operating pressure p₁Is equal to p_w,maxWhen the operating pressure is higher than p₁The inlet will be throttled by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero.At operating pressure p₁＝p_w,maxThe inlet will not be throttled by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero. The inlet 3 is throttled only if the required flow Q drops too much.

When the operating pressure p is higher, the flow supplied will be reduced more by throttling the device 6 more, as a result of which the compressor element 2 will draw less power from the driver 8. Furthermore, more engine power will be available, since the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is not reduced. Thus, it is possible to reach higher measured operating pressures.

When the compressor system 1 requires a higher operating pressure, the method according to the invention therefore comprises throttling the inlet 3 by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero in order to achieve a higher operating pressure, and then applying the principle of the known method, i.e. if the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is variable, first reducing the rotational speed s of the drive 8 with a reduced required flow Q, and only then throttling the inlet 3 further. Although this involves a small loss of efficiency, it will make it possible to achieve these higher operating pressures.

At a lower operating pressure p, the method according to the invention will apply known conventional control methods, so that the efficiency of the compressor system 1 is optimal.

According to the invention, additionally but not necessarily, as long as the required flow increases, the following control method is applied:

as long as the operating pressure p is equal to or lower than the above-mentioned maximum operating pressure p obtainable_w,maxThe following control methods were applied:

as soon as the required flow Q increases, the throttle is first reduced in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setUntil the inlet 3 is completely opened or is once again free;

when the inlet 3 is fully open or is open again, and as soon as the required flow Q increases further, if possible, the rotational speed s of the drive 8 is increased in order to bring the measured operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set；

As long as the operating pressure p is higher than the maximum operating pressure p obtainable as described above_w,maxThe following control methods were applied:

throttling the inlet 3 by at least a certain percentage x greater than zero;

as soon as the required flow Q increases, the throttle of the inlet 3 is first reduced in order to measure the operating pressure p_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setUntil the inlet 3 is throttled by the above-mentioned certain percentage x greater than zero;

when the inlet 3 throttles the above-mentioned specific percentage x greater than zero, and as soon as the required flow Q increases further, if possible, the speed of rotation s of the drive 8 is increased in order to bring the measured operating pressure p to zero_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_set。

This means in practice that the steps are effectively performed in the reverse order compared to the situation in which the required flow rate Q is reduced.

For p or less_w,maxOperating pressure p and for pressures higher than p_w,maxIn the case of an increase in the required flow Q, first the throttling of the inlet 3 will be reduced so that the operating pressure p to be measured before (if possible and if necessary) increasing the rotational speed s of the drive 8 to correspond with the increased required flow Q_wSet to the desired operating pressure p_setWith the difference that as long as the operating pressure p is equal to or lower than p_w,maxFirst the inlet 3 is fully opened (if possible) before the rotational speed s of the drive 8 increases, provided that the operating pressure p is higher than p_w,maxThe inlet 3 remains throttled to zero at least a certain percentage x greater. This means that, in order to achieve a maximum operating pressure p above that obtainable as described above_w,maxIf the rotational speed of the drive is variable, the rotational speed s of the drive 8 will increase earlier.

The invention is in no way limited to the embodiments described as examples and shown in the drawings, however, such a method and compressor system can be implemented in different variants without departing from the scope of the invention.