阅读说明：本技术 一种一般工业垃圾资源化处理的添加剂及处理方法 (Additive for recycling common industrial garbage and processing method ) 是由 龙朝锋 郑郧 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种一般工业垃圾资源化处理的添加剂及处理方法,属于垃圾处理技术领域。包括以下步骤：步骤一、将经过预处理的一般工业垃圾进行多级破碎、分选和磁选,一般工业垃圾被破碎至粒径≤15mm×20mm的絮料；步骤二、将所述步骤一的一般工业垃圾絮料加入权利要求1所述的添加剂进行搅拌均匀；步骤三、将所述步骤二的一般工业垃圾絮料通过RDF成型机,将一般工业垃圾高压制成衍生燃料；步骤四、将所述步骤三的成型的衍生燃料冷却、筛分；步骤五、将所述步骤四的成型的衍生燃料高温热解气化产生混合可燃气体。针对现有技术垃圾处理方法不环保,它是一种高效的、绿色环保的、实现一般工业垃圾能源化的有效方法。(The invention discloses an additive for resource treatment of general industrial waste and a treatment method, belonging to the technical field of waste treatment. The method comprises the following steps: step one, carrying out multistage crushing, sorting and magnetic separation on the general industrial garbage after pretreatment, wherein the general industrial garbage is crushed into floccules with the particle size of less than or equal to 15mm multiplied by 20 mm; step two, adding the general industrial waste wadding in the step one into the additive in the claim 1, and uniformly stirring; step three, making the general industrial waste wadding material in the step two into derived fuel through an RDF forming machine under high pressure; step four, cooling and screening the formed derivative fuel obtained in the step three; and fifthly, pyrolyzing and gasifying the formed derived fuel obtained in the fourth step at high temperature to generate mixed combustible gas. Aiming at the problem that the garbage treatment method in the prior art is not environment-friendly, the method is an effective method which is efficient, green and environment-friendly and can realize the energy regeneration of general industrial garbage.)

1. An additive for recycling common industrial garbage, which is characterized in that the ratio of the additive to the common industrial garbage is as follows: 1 percent of general industrial waste, 5 to 8 percent of calcium oxide, 5 to 8 percent of sodium carbonate, 5 to 8 percent of calcium carbonate, 2 to 4 percent of sodium humate and 2 to 5 percent of manganese dioxide.

2. A resource treatment method for general industrial garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, carrying out multistage crushing, sorting and magnetic separation on the general industrial garbage after pretreatment, wherein the general industrial garbage is crushed into floccules with the particle size of less than or equal to 15mm multiplied by 20 mm;

step two, adding the general industrial waste wadding in the step one into the additive in the claim 1, and uniformly stirring;

step three, making the general industrial waste wadding material in the step two into derived fuel through an RDF forming machine under high pressure;

step four, cooling and screening the formed derivative fuel obtained in the step three;

and fifthly, pyrolyzing and gasifying the formed derived fuel obtained in the fourth step at high temperature to generate mixed combustible gas.

3. A method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising the step of performing a resource treatment on the industrial waste after the fifth step

Sixthly, dedusting, cooling, tar removing and pressurizing the mixed combustible gas generated in the fifth step;

and seventhly, dechlorinating and desulfurizing the mixed combustible gas obtained in the sixth step to obtain clean mixed combustible gas.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the general industrial waste in the first step is sequentially subjected to primary crushing, roller screening, primary magnetic separation, secondary crushing, secondary magnetic separation, non-magnetic separation, wind separation and tertiary crushing.

5. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the third step is to form the fuel derived from the general industrial waste into blocks.

6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step four is to cool and solidify the formed derived fuel, and then to sieve the formed derived fuel by vibration.

7. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the fifth step, the formed derivative fuel is placed into a dry distillation section in a high-temperature gasification furnace, a gasification section is arranged below the dry distillation section of the high-temperature gasification furnace, semicoke is arranged in the gasification section, mixed gas of low-pressure steam and air is introduced into the furnace bottom, the semicoke and the mixed gas react at high temperature to generate a first combustible gas, the first combustible gas rises to dry distill the formed derivative fuel in the dry distillation section, and the formed derivative fuel is dry distilled to generate a second combustible gas.

8. The method as claimed in claim 2 or 7, wherein the combustible gas in the fifth step passes through a primary high-efficiency dust remover and a secondary high-efficiency dust remover and then enters the high-efficiency dust removing cooler, the combustible gas II passes through a primary high-efficiency oil remover and then enters the high-efficiency dust removing cooler, and the combustible gas I and the combustible gas II are mixed at the outlet of the high-efficiency dust removing cooler.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mixed combustible gas in the sixth step is a first combustible gas and a second combustible gas, the dust and light oil in the mixed combustible gas are removed by an electrical tar precipitator, and then the mixed combustible gas is pressurized by a pressurizing centrifugal blower.

10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the seventh step is to introduce the mixed combustible gas into a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 5% -10%, and then to convey the mixed combustible gas into the spherical pressure vessel tank through a pipeline.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to an additive for resource treatment of general industrial garbage and a treatment method.

Background

The general industrial waste mainly refers to the residual waste, crushed aggregates and leftovers which are left in the product manufacturing process of enterprises in light industry such as shoes, clothes, home furnishings, leather, cases, wood, furniture, textile, printing, advertisement and the like and can not be used for processing products. According to statistics, the annual production of the leftovers of the clothes and the textiles in China is 500-1000 ten thousand tons; approximately 2600 million tons of old clothes are thrown into the trash each year; the amount of packing garbage generated per year exceeds 400 million tons; there are 140 million tons of leather waste produced each year. If the common industrial wastes are not effectively utilized and treated, the ecological environment and the social environment are influenced to a certain extent, and serious environmental pollution is caused.

At present, the common industrial garbage treatment methods in China mainly comprise two methods of landfill and incineration. Both landfill treatment and incineration treatment cannot meet the requirements of 'harmlessness, reduction, recycling, low carbonization and energy regeneration' of garbage treatment. Therefore, the harmless treatment of general industrial waste, especially the comprehensive utilization of resources of general industrial waste, is urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

Aiming at the technical problem that the common industrial garbage treatment method in the prior art is not environment-friendly, the invention provides an additive for the resource treatment of common industrial garbage and a treatment method, which are efficient, environment-friendly and can realize the energy regeneration of the common industrial garbage.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

an additive for recycling treatment of general industrial garbage, wherein the ratio of the additive to the general industrial garbage is as follows: 1 percent of general industrial waste, 5 to 8 percent of calcium oxide, 5 to 8 percent of sodium carbonate, 5 to 8 percent of calcium carbonate, 2 to 4 percent of sodium humate and 2 to 5 percent of manganese dioxide.

The general industrial waste is composed of combustible substances such as leftover materials, leather leftover materials, waste clothes, waste fabrics and the like, and mixed combustible gas generated by high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of general industrial waste derived fuel has harmful components such as dioxin and the like, so that the environmental pollution is serious. The common industrial garbage is added with additives consisting of 5%, 6% or 8% of calcium oxide, 5%, 6% or 8% of sodium carbonate, 5%, 6% or 8% of calcium carbonate, 2%, 3% or 4% of sodium humate and 2%, 3% or 5% of manganese dioxide. Calcium ions and sodium ions in calcium oxide, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate in the additive can chemically react with chloride ions and sulfur ions in the general industrial waste to achieve the effects of fixing chlorine and sulfur and remove sulfur and chlorine in the general industrial waste. The main component of dioxin is chlorine, and the chlorine is separated out by adding an additive in general industrial garbage in advance to block the formation of the dioxin during gasification. The general industrial refuse derived fuel is fully mixed with the sodium humate to generate chemical reaction to form a binder, which is beneficial to the forming of the derived fuel. The manganese dioxide has obvious deodorization effect, can adsorb and decompose harmful substances in general industrial garbage, and reduces the harm to human bodies and the environment. Meanwhile, a small amount of sludge, fly ash and ash are added into the general industrial waste, so that the heat value of the stably molded derivative fuel is improved, the compactness of the molded derivative fuel is improved, and the purposes of recycling resources and eliminating secondary pollution are achieved. The additive has the functions of dioxin removal, sulfur fixation, chlorine fixation, nitrogen oxide removal, catalysis, combustion supporting, fuel value improvement, corrosion prevention, spot adhesion, filling, moisture prevention and the like.

A resource treatment method for general industrial garbage comprises the following steps:

step one, carrying out multistage crushing, sorting and magnetic separation on the general industrial garbage after pretreatment, wherein the general industrial garbage is crushed into floccules with the particle size of less than or equal to 15mm multiplied by 20 mm;

step two, adding the general industrial waste wadding in the step one into the additive in the claim 1, and uniformly stirring;

step three, making the general industrial waste wadding material in the step two into derived fuel through an RDF forming machine under high pressure;

step four, cooling and screening the formed derivative fuel obtained in the step three;

and fifthly, pyrolyzing and gasifying the formed derived fuel obtained in the fourth step at high temperature to generate mixed combustible gas.

Since general industrial wastes contain a small amount of inorganic substances such as metals, it is necessary to sort general industrial wastes before the step treatment to separate organic substances from inorganic substances. Through the steps, the common industrial garbage is prepared into the mixed combustible gas by utilizing a common industrial garbage recycling treatment method. The mixed gas finally obtained contains H₂、C0、CH₄、C_nH_mThe biogas composed of the same gas components has wide industrial utilization range and high economic value. The fuel formed by the derivative fuel (RDF) has stable calorific value, and the calorific value ranges from 3800 kilocalories to 5500 kilocalories. RDF gasification efficiency is high, gas production is big and stable about 2000m³Per ton.

Optionally, step five is further followed by

Sixthly, dedusting, cooling, tar removing and pressurizing the mixed combustible gas generated in the fifth step;

and seventhly, dechlorinating and desulfurizing the mixed combustible gas obtained in the sixth step to obtain clean mixed combustible gas.

Optionally, the general industrial waste in the first step is subjected to primary crushing, roller screening, primary magnetic separation, secondary crushing, secondary magnetic separation, non-magnetic separation, wind power separation and tertiary crushing in sequence.

Optionally, the third step is to form the derived fuel of the general industrial waste into blocks.

Optionally, the step four is to cool and solidify the shaped derivative fuel, and then to vibratory screen the shaped derivative fuel.

Optionally, in the fifth step, the formed derivative fuel is placed into a dry distillation section in a high-temperature gasification furnace, a gasification section is arranged below the dry distillation section of the high-temperature gasification furnace, semicoke is arranged in the gasification section, mixed gas of low-pressure steam and air is introduced into the furnace bottom, the semicoke and the mixed gas react at a high temperature to generate a combustible gas I, the combustible gas I rises to dry distill the formed derivative fuel in the dry distillation section, and the formed derivative fuel is dry distilled to generate a combustible gas II.

Optionally, the combustible gas in the fifth step passes through a primary high-efficiency deduster and a secondary high-efficiency deduster and then enters a high-efficiency dedusting cooler, the combustible gas II passes through a primary high-efficiency oil remover and then enters the high-efficiency dedusting cooler, and the combustible gas I and the combustible gas II are mixed at an outlet of the high-efficiency dedusting cooler.

Optionally, the mixed combustible gas in the sixth step is a mixed combustible gas I and a mixed combustible gas II, dust and light oil in the mixed combustible gas are removed through an electrical tar precipitator, and then the mixed combustible gas is introduced into a pressurizing centrifugal blower for pressurization.

Optionally, in the seventh step, the mixed combustible gas is introduced into a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 5% -10%, and then the mixed combustible gas is conveyed into the spherical pressure container tank through a pipeline.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the resource treatment method and the additive for the general industrial garbage, before the RDF is prepared, the general industrial garbage is subjected to multistage crushing, so that the particle size of 95% of the general industrial garbage is less than or equal to 15mm multiplied by 20mm, the compactness of the RDF is improved, and the heat value of the formed RDF is improved.

(2) According to the recycling treatment method and the additive for the general industrial garbage, which are provided by the embodiment of the application, the additive composed of multiple elements such as calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium humate, manganese dioxide and the like is added before the formed RDF is prepared. The additive has the functions of dioxin removal, sulfur fixation, chlorine fixation, nitrogen oxide removal, catalysis, combustion supporting, fuel value improvement, corrosion prevention, spot adhesion, filling, moisture prevention and the like. The additive can effectively absorb sulfur and chlorine in the garbage, greatly reduces the formation of sulfide and dioxin in the mixed combustible gas, greatly reduces the difficulty of gas purification, and saves the garbage treatment cost.

(3) According to the common industrial waste recycling treatment method and the additive, the additive and the RDF are stirred and react to form a viscose-like mixture, so that the RDF is better in forming effect and high in strength, is not easy to disperse at high temperature, oxygen is easy to enter, and the gasification efficiency is high.

(4) The common industrial waste recycling treatment method and the additive provided by the embodiment of the application use the electric tar precipitator to remove tar and use the electric tar precipitation technology to eliminate tar in mixed combustible gas. The method is superior to water washing method, greatly reduces water consumption, lowers cost and reduces harm to environment. Because tar is easy to separate out below 100 ℃, the electric tar-capturing process is arranged before the chlorine and sulfur removal process, and the tar is removed before the mixed gas enters the NaOH solution pool, so that the solution in the solution pool is prevented from being polluted by the tar, the NaOH solution in the solution pool can be recycled, the workload is reduced, and the treatment cost is reduced.

(5) The embodiment of the application provides a resource treatment method and an additive for general industrial garbage, which are characterized in that a NaOH solution pool is used for filtering residual sulfur and chlorine in mixed gas. The NaOH solution pool solution can be reused. When the solution concentration decreased, further NaOH was added. The discharge of waste liquid in the production process is avoided, and the factors harmful to the environment are reduced.

(6) According to the common industrial waste recycling treatment method and the additive provided by the embodiment of the application, the finally obtained mixed combustible gas contains H₂、C0、CH₄、C_nH_mThe biogas composed of the same gas components has wide industrial utilization range and high economic value. In the general industrial waste treatment process, sewage, waste gas and waste residue are not discharged outside, so that the green environmental protection in the treatment process is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a general industrial waste recycling method provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing RDF from general industrial waste according to the method for recycling general industrial waste provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of the process of high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification of the derived fuel in the general industrial waste recycling treatment method provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1-3.