阅读说明：本技术 一种一体式辙叉 (Integrated frog ) 是由 关铁 于 2019-02-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种一体式辙叉,所述一体式辙叉为全纤维结构,包括辙叉尖端、辙叉跟端、上翼轨段和下翼轨段,所述上翼轨段设置于辙叉尖端和辙叉跟端之间；一体式辙叉制作方法,步骤如下：(1)、坯料制备：配置单合金或多合金电渣钢锭；(2)、坯料压制：将电渣钢锭压制成定型坯料；(3)、锻造成型：采用轧辊将定型坯料锻造成型；(4)、校直与整形；所述多合金电渣钢锭包括至少三种合金元素。与现有技术相比,具有节约能源,材料利用率高,纤维组织免受破坏,尺寸准确,表面光洁度好,极大地提高了辙叉的机械性能,抗疲劳寿命提高。(The invention relates to an integrated frog which is of a full-fiber structure and comprises a frog tip, a frog heel end, an upper wing rail section and a lower wing rail section, wherein the upper wing rail section is arranged between the frog tip and the frog heel end; the integrated frog manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) and preparing a blank: preparing single alloy or multi-alloy electroslag steel ingots; (2) and blank pressing: pressing the electroslag steel ingot into a shaped blank; (3) and forging and forming: forging and forming the shaped blank by using a roller; (4) straightening and shaping; the multi-alloy electroslag steel ingot comprises at least three alloy elements. Compared with the prior art, the energy-saving frog has the advantages of energy conservation, high material utilization rate, fiber tissue damage prevention, accurate size, good surface finish, great improvement on the mechanical performance of the frog, and improvement on the fatigue resistance and the service life.)

1. The utility model provides an integral type frog, its characterized in that, the integral type frog is full fiber construction, including frog tip (1), frog heel end (2), frog point rail (5), upper limb rail section (3) and lower limb rail section (4) set up between frog tip (1) and back frog section (2).

2. A one-piece frog according to claim 1 wherein two rail parts are provided between the upper and lower rail sections (3, 4) and the frog point rail (5), said rail parts (7) being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the frog point rail (5).

3. A one-piece frog according to claim 1 wherein the frog tip (1) and frog heel (2) ends remote from the point rail are provided with connecting legs (8).

4. The integrated frog according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the integrated frog alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.26 to 0.35; si: 1.66 to 1.84; mn: 1.70-1.90; p: less than or equal to 0.014; s: less than or equal to 0.014; cr: 1.11 to 1.29; mo: 0.35 to 0.45; v: 0.08 to 0.15; ti: less than or equal to 0.30; cu: less than or equal to 0.30; the balance being Fe and unavoidable gaseous impurity elements.

5. The integrated frog according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the integrated frog alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.26; si: 1.66; mn: 1.90; p: 0.011; s: 0.012; cr: 1.21; mo: 0.35; v: 0.08; ti0.25; cu: 0.21; the balance being Fe and unavoidable gaseous impurity elements.

6. A method of making a one-piece frog according to claims 1-3, characterized by the steps of:

(1) and preparing a blank: preparing a multi-alloy electroslag steel ingot;

(2) and blank pressing: pressing the electroslag steel ingot into a shaped blank, wherein the pressing temperature is 850-1250 ℃;

(3) and forging and forming: forging and forming the shaped blank by using a roller, wherein the forging temperature is 850-1250 ℃;

(4) straightening and shaping;

the multi-alloy electroslag steel ingot comprises at least three alloy elements;

the processing method also comprises a thermomechanical treatment process.

7. The method for manufacturing the integrated frog according to claim 6, wherein the blank preparation comprises the following steps:

a. firstly, cleaning the inner and outer surfaces of a water-cooled crystallizer, removing metal oxide skin on the surface, and starting electroslag casting after cleaning;

b. the power supply of the electroslag furnace is started, a pair of graphite electrodes is firstly installed on a mechanical rocker arm, then the graphite electrodes are electrified to melt slag to form a slag bath, the rocker arm is lifted, the graphite electrodes are replaced, a rail steel electrode bar is replaced as a consumable electrode, the electrode bar is electrified to melt in the slag bath, a new rail steel electrode bar is replaced after the electrode bar is completely melted, the process is repeated until the specified weight is reached, when all metal liquid drops pass through the slag bath, namely the electrode bar is melted to form a molten bath, the temperature is kept for a period of time, and then billet blanks are formed in a crystallizer under the forced cooling of circulating water.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail machining, in particular to an integrated frog.

Background

Railway fittings are components of railway lines, and the rails referred to herein include rails, ties, ballast beds, anti-creep devices, rail braces, switches, and the like. As an integral engineering structure, the rail is laid on a roadbed, plays a role in guiding the running of a train and directly bears the huge pressure of rolling stocks and loads thereof.

Under the power of train operation, each component of the train has to have sufficient strength and stability to ensure that the train operates safely, smoothly and uninterruptedly at the specified maximum speed.

Although the existing combined frog guarantees high abrasion resistance of wing rails and good close adhesion of steel rails made of two materials, the frog streamline distribution observation and analysis of the existing process still has many insurmountable defects:

(1) the metal fibers are distributed disorderly, and the streamline distribution of the metal fibers is required to be in accordance with the outline shape of the metal fibers as much as possible near the cardiac rail, so that the fatigue life of the metal fibers is prolonged;

(2) because a machining post-treatment mode is adopted, a large number of cutting marks are left, and the cutting edge cutting marks are positioned on the surface of the part and are vertical to the stress direction, the possibility that the cutting marks become sources of cracks is increased, and the service life of the part is shortened;

(3) the edge cutting operation process and the edge cutting processing step reduce the utilization rate of materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an integrally forged frog with long service life, full fiber structure and high reliability.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an integral type frog, its characterized in that, the integral type frog is full fiber construction, including frog point, frog heel end, upper limb rail section and lower limb rail section, upper limb rail section sets up between front frog section and back frog section, lower limb rail section is the section from frog point rail to theoretical sharp-end frog point rail 50mm, upper limb rail section and lower limb rail section are equallyd divide and are distributed in frog point rail both sides.

Furthermore, two rail parts are arranged between the upper wing rail section and the frog point rail, and the rail parts are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the frog point rail.

Furthermore, the frog tip and the frog heel end are provided with connecting legs at the ends far away from the point rail.

Further, the integrated frog alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.26 to 0.35; si: 1.66 to 1.84; mn: 1.70-1.90; p: less than or equal to 0.014; s: less than or equal to 0.014; cr: 1.11 to 1.29; mo: 0.35 to 0.45; v: 0.08 to 0.15; ti: less than or equal to 0.30; cu: less than or equal to 0.30; the balance being Fe and unavoidable gaseous impurity elements.

Further, the integrated frog alloy steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.26; si: 1.66; mn: 1.90; p: 0.011; s: 0.012; cr: 1.21; mo: 0.35; v: 0.08; ti0.25; cu: 0.21; the balance being Fe and unavoidable gaseous impurity elements.

Further, a manufacturing method of the integrated frog is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) and preparing a blank: preparing a multi-alloy electroslag steel ingot;

(2) and blank pressing: pressing the electroslag steel ingot into a shaped blank, wherein the pressing temperature is 850-1250 ℃;

(3) and forging and forming: forging and forming the shaped blank by using a roller, wherein the forging temperature is 850-1250 ℃;

(4) straightening and shaping;

the multi-alloy electroslag steel ingot comprises at least three alloy elements;

the processing method also comprises a thermomechanical treatment process.

Further, the blank preparation comprises the following steps:

a. firstly, cleaning the inner and outer surfaces of a water-cooled crystallizer, removing metal oxide skin on the surface, and starting electroslag casting after cleaning;

b. the power supply of the electroslag furnace is started, a pair of graphite electrodes is firstly installed on a mechanical rocker arm, then the graphite electrodes are electrified to melt slag to form a slag bath, the rocker arm is lifted, the graphite electrodes are replaced, a rail steel electrode bar is replaced as a consumable electrode, the electrode bar is electrified to melt in the slag bath, a new rail steel electrode bar is replaced after the electrode bar is completely melted, the process is repeated until the specified weight is reached, when all metal liquid drops pass through the slag bath, namely the electrode bar is melted to form a molten bath, the temperature is kept for a period of time, and then billet blanks are formed in a crystallizer under the forced cooling of circulating water.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the invention provides an integrally forged frog with long service life, full fiber structure and high reliability, the method for forging the integrally forged frog omits the mechanical processing of the heel end and the tip end of the frog, greatly improves the utilization rate of materials, reduces the processing links, shortens the manufacturing period of the frog, can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of the frog, can realize the on-line heat treatment while forming the frog by arranging a heat treatment device, and ensures the performance of the frog while meeting the size of the frog.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the integrated frog in the invention.

Reference numerals

Frog tip 1, frog heel 2, upper wing rail section 3, lower wing rail section 4, frog point rail 5, rail portion 7, connecting leg 8.

Detailed Description