阅读说明：本技术 浮游生物自动收集装置 (Automatic plankton collection device ) 是由 姜宇 严萌 罗朝林 刘晋 钱树芹 武亚菊 龙晓飞 张琼海 王腾飞 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种浮游生物自动收集装置,包括密闭的箱体、设置在箱体上的控制箱、设置在箱体底部并与箱体的内部空间相连通的浮游生物收集器、设置在箱体和/或控制箱上的流速传感器；箱体的相对两侧设有水流进口以及可开合在水流进口上的起闭门；流速传感器与控制箱连接,将检测到的包括水流方向的水流信息发送至控制箱,控制箱根据接收到的水流信息控制箱体对应侧的起闭门动作,打开水流进口,浮游生物随水流通过水流进口进入并收集于浮游生物收集器内。本发明的的浮游生物自动收集装置,适用于感潮河段双向往复流水动力条件,能够长时间、自动收集受往复流影响移动的浮游生物,收集效率高。(The invention discloses an automatic plankton collecting device which comprises a closed box body, a control box arranged on the box body, a plankton collector arranged at the bottom of the box body and communicated with the inner space of the box body, and a flow velocity sensor arranged on the box body and/or the control box; the two opposite sides of the box body are provided with a water inlet and a starting and closing door which can be opened and closed on the water inlet; the flow velocity transducer is connected with the control box, and the rivers information that includes the rivers direction that will detect sends to the control box, and the control box is opened the rivers import according to the play door action that received rivers information control box corresponds the side, and plankton gets into and collects in the plankton collector through the rivers import along with rivers. The automatic plankton collecting device is suitable for the dynamic conditions of the bidirectional reciprocating flow water in the tidal river reach, can automatically collect plankton moving under the influence of the reciprocating flow for a long time, and is high in collecting efficiency.)

1. An automatic collection device for plankton is characterized by comprising a closed flow guide box, a control box arranged on the flow guide box, a plankton collector arranged at the bottom of the flow guide box and communicated with the inner space of the flow guide box, and a flow velocity sensor arranged on the flow guide box and/or the control box; the two opposite sides of the flow guide box are provided with a water inlet and a starting and closing door which can be opened and closed on the water inlet;

the flow velocity sensor is connected with the control box, and detected water flow information including the water flow direction is sent to the control box, the control box controls the opening and closing door action of the corresponding side of the diversion box according to the received water flow information, the water flow inlet is opened, and plankton passes through along with water flow and enters and is collected in the plankton collector.

2. The automatic plankton collection device according to claim 1, further comprising two baffles disposed in the baffle box and spaced from and opposite to the two running water inlets, respectively;

the bottoms of the two guide plates are close to and abut against the inner bottom surface of the plankton collector, and the inner space of the plankton collector is divided into two collecting cavities which are respectively corresponding to and communicated with the two running water inlets; the top of two guide plates is connected with the inner top surface of the guide box in an abutting mode.

3. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 2, wherein the deflector is an arc-shaped plate with a concave surface facing the corresponding flowing water inlet.

4. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 2, wherein the width of the baffle, plankton collector and the baffle box is uniform.

5. The automatic collection device of plankton according to claim 1, characterized in that the control box comprises a closed box body, a main control board arranged in the box body, two groups of driving mechanisms arranged in the box body and respectively connected with the two opening and closing doors, and a power supply unit arranged in the box body and used for providing power supply; the flow velocity sensor and the driving mechanism are in communication connection with the main control board;

and each group of driving mechanisms drives the corresponding opening and closing door to act, so that the running water inlet is closed or opened.

6. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 5, further comprising a limit sensor set disposed at the running water inlet corresponding to the opening and closing door and communicatively connected to the main control board;

the limiting sensor group is used for detecting the position of the opening and closing door and sending the detected position information to the main control board, and the main control board controls the driving mechanism to perform corresponding actions by combining the position information and the water flow information.

7. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 6, wherein the limit sensor group comprises a first limit sensor and a second limit sensor respectively disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the running water inlet.

8. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 5, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a transmission cable and at least one set of transmission rollers; the transmission roller is positioned between the motor and the opening and closing door;

the transmission cable is wound on the transmission roller wheel, one end of the transmission cable is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor, and the other end of the transmission cable is connected with the opening and closing door;

when the motor rotates, the lifting and closing door is lifted or lowered by retracting the transmission cable, and the corresponding water inlet is opened or closed.

9. The automatic plankton collection device of claim 1, wherein the plankton collector comprises an open-topped collection container, the bottom plate of which is a plankton mesh;

the collecting container is connected to the bottom of the flow guide box through an open top, and a window is arranged at the bottom of the flow guide box and communicated with the open top.

10. The automatic plankton collection device according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein an elastic buckle assembly is arranged between the opening and closing door and the water inlet;

the elastic buckle component comprises a concave buckle protruding on the bottom surface of the water inlet and a clamping groove arranged at the lower end of the starting and closing door corresponding to the concave buckle; a convex latch matched with the concave buckle and a spring connected between the convex latch and the side surface of the clamping groove are arranged in the clamping groove;

when the lifting and closing door descends to the clamping groove to be close to the concave buckle, the concave buckle enters the clamping groove and extrudes the convex clamping teeth and the spring; the lifting and closing door is lowered to close the water inlet, and the spring recovers due to restoring force and drives the convex latch to be clamped in the concave buckle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water ecology monitoring, in particular to an automatic plankton collecting device.

Background

The coastal region is used as an important support for the rising of the economy of China, and the development of the social economy plays an important role in the process of realizing modernization and strengthening the country in China. Along with the rapid development of economy in coastal areas, the urbanization process is accelerated, the disturbance of human activities to the water environment is increasingly intensified, and in addition, unreasonable development of water resources causes the water environment problem in coastal areas to be more prominent, thereby seriously restricting the sustainable development.

At present, the water quality physicochemical indexes are mainly adopted in China as main references to judge the water environment, and the plankton is used as a main index to be less. Plankton is an important component in an aquatic ecosystem, is sensitive to the change of a water environment, the quantity and the type of plankton change along with the change of the water environment, and the diverse performance of the plankton further reflects the quality of the water environment. Therefore, research and analysis on the community of plankton in the river in the coastal region not only can indirectly reflect the quality of the water environment in the living water area, help to evaluate the water environment condition, but also has important significance for protecting the water environment and water ecosystem in the coastal region.

River channels in coastal areas of China are mostly tidal river reach, under the influence of ocean tidal power and runoff, water in the river channels are in bidirectional reciprocating flow, and plankton continuously reciprocates along with the reciprocation of water flow. If the traditional plankton collection method (manually putting the plankton net into a river and bringing the plankton into a collection device by water flow or manual dragging) is adopted to collect the plankton for a long time, the time and the labor are consumed, and the problem of incomplete collection caused by unclear water flow direction exists. Therefore, the device capable of automatically collecting plankton under the special hydrodynamic background that the tidal river reach water body is in bidirectional reciprocating flow is developed, and the device has important significance for researching the diversity of aquatic organisms in the tidal river reach along the sea area and evaluating the water environment quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic plankton collecting device suitable for tidal river reach.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the automatic collection device for the plankton comprises a closed flow guide box, a control box arranged on the flow guide box, a plankton collector arranged at the bottom of the flow guide box and communicated with the inner space of the flow guide box, and a flow velocity sensor arranged on the flow guide box and/or the control box; the two opposite sides of the flow guide box are provided with a water inlet and a starting and closing door which can be opened and closed on the water inlet;

the flow velocity sensor is connected with the control box, and detected water flow information including the water flow direction is sent to the control box, the control box controls the opening and closing door action of the corresponding side of the diversion box according to the received water flow information, the water flow inlet is opened, and plankton passes through along with water flow and enters and is collected in the plankton collector.

Preferably, the automatic plankton collection device further comprises two guide plates which are respectively opposite to the two running water inlets at intervals and arranged in the guide box;

the bottoms of the two guide plates are close to and abut against the inner bottom surface of the plankton collector, and the inner space of the plankton collector is divided into two collecting cavities which are respectively corresponding to and communicated with the two running water inlets; the top of two guide plates is connected with the inner top surface of the guide box in an abutting mode.

Preferably, the guide plates are arc-shaped plates with concave surfaces facing the corresponding running water inlets.

Preferably, the width of the baffle, plankton collector and the baffle box is the same.

Preferably, the control box comprises a closed box body, a main control board arranged in the box body, two groups of driving mechanisms arranged in the box body and respectively connected with the two opening and closing doors, and a power supply unit arranged in the box body and used for providing a power supply; the flow velocity sensor and the driving mechanism are in communication connection with the main control board;

and each group of driving mechanisms drives the corresponding opening and closing door to act, so that the running water inlet is closed or opened.

Preferably, the automatic plankton collection device further comprises a limit sensor group which is arranged at the running water inlet corresponding to the opening and closing door and is in communication connection with the main control board;

the limiting sensor group is used for detecting the position of the opening and closing door and sending the detected position information to the main control board, and the main control board controls the driving mechanism to perform corresponding actions by combining the position information and the water flow information.

Preferably, the limit sensor group comprises a first limit sensor and a second limit sensor which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the running water inlet.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a transmission cable and at least one group of transmission rollers; the transmission roller is positioned between the motor and the opening and closing door;

the transmission cable is wound on the transmission roller wheel, one end of the transmission cable is connected with the rotating shaft of the motor, and the other end of the transmission cable is connected with the opening and closing door;

when the motor rotates, the lifting and closing door is lifted or lowered by retracting the transmission cable, and the corresponding water inlet is opened or closed.

Preferably, the plankton collector comprises a collection container with an open top, and the bottom plate of the collection container is a plankton separation net;

the collecting container is connected to the bottom of the flow guide box through an open top, and a window is arranged at the bottom of the flow guide box and communicated with the open top.

Preferably, an elastic buckle assembly is arranged between the starting and closing door and the water inlet;

the elastic buckle component comprises a concave buckle protruding on the bottom surface of the water inlet and a clamping groove arranged at the lower end of the starting and closing door corresponding to the concave buckle; a convex latch matched with the concave buckle and a spring connected between the convex latch and the side surface of the clamping groove are arranged in the clamping groove;

when the lifting and closing door descends to the clamping groove to be close to the concave buckle, the concave buckle enters the clamping groove and extrudes the convex clamping teeth and the spring; the lifting and closing door is lowered to close the water inlet, and the spring recovers due to restoring force and drives the convex latch to be clamped in the concave buckle.

The automatic plankton collecting device is suitable for the power condition of the bidirectional reciprocating flow of the tidal river reach, can automatically collect planktons moving under the influence of the reciprocating flow for a long time, is high in collecting efficiency, saves the working time of staff of an operator, and provides help for researching the diversity and migration distribution of the planktons in the tidal river reach.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic plankton collection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mating structure of the resilient latch assembly on the opening and closing door of the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the plankton collector of the apparatus of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the automatic plankton collection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a closed diversion box 10, a control box 20, a plankton collector 30, and a flow sensor 40. The control box 20 is disposed on the guide box 10, such as on the top of the guide box 10. The plankton collector 30 is disposed at the bottom of the guide box 10 and communicates with the inner space of the guide box 10. The flow rate sensor 40 is provided on the guide box 10 and/or the control box 20 to detect water flow information including a water flow direction.

Wherein, the two opposite sides of the diversion box 10 are provided with a water inlet 11 and a starting and closing door 12 which can be opened and closed on the water inlet 11. Each water inlet 11 is closed or opened by a start and close door 12, and the start and close door 12 is connected with a control box 20. Since the plankton collector 30 is communicated with the inner space of the guide box 10, the plankton collector 30 can be communicated with the external environment of the guide box 10 through the water inlet 11.

The flow velocity sensor 40 is connected with the control box 20, and sends the detected water flow information including the water flow direction to the control box 20, the control box 20 controls the opening and closing door 12 on the corresponding side of the diversion box 10 to move according to the received water flow information, the water flow inlet 11 is opened, and plankton enters and is collected in the plankton collector 30 through the water flow inlet 11 along with water flow.

In combination with the placement direction of the device shown in fig. 1, the flow sensor 40 detects that water flows from left to right, and the control box 20 controls the opening and closing door 12 on the left side of the diversion box 10 to open according to the information generated by the flow sensor 40, so as to open the water inlet 11 on the left side, so that water can enter the diversion box 10 from the water inlet 11 on the left side to the plankton collector 30, and plankton carried by the water can be collected in the plankton collector 30. Similarly, when the flow sensor 40 detects that the water flows from right to left, the control box 20 controls the right opening/closing door 12 to open, and opens the right water inlet 11 for water to enter, so as to collect plankton.

Specifically, the diversion box 10 may have a rectangular parallelepiped structure as shown in fig. 1, and two flowing water inlets 11 are formed on two opposite surfaces. Of course, the diversion box 10 may also be a circular column structure, a tubular structure formed by opening the two side inflow ports 11, and the like. Except for the running water inlet 11, the other side surfaces of the diversion box 10 are watertight. The baffle box 10 may be made of a hard and durable material such as stainless steel.

The opening and closing of the door 12 to the inlet 11 can be performed in various ways, such as a lifting way, a pushing and pulling way, etc. In this embodiment, the opening/closing door 12 opens and closes the flowing water inlet 11 in a lifting manner. When the lifting and closing door 12 is lifted to the inside or outside of the corresponding side wall of the control box 10, the corresponding running water inlet 11 is opened. When the running water inlet 11 is closed, the opening and closing door 11 is lowered to fit in the running water inlet 11.

The control box 20 includes a sealed box 21, a main control board 22 disposed in the box 21, two sets of driving mechanisms 23 disposed in the box 21 and respectively connected to the two opening/closing doors 12, and a power supply unit 23 disposed in the box 21 and providing power to the driving mechanisms 23.

The box body 21 can be made of the same material as the diversion box 10, and the whole structure can be a cuboid or a cylinder. The top plate of the box body 21 is an openable top cover, so that the operations of installation, replacement, maintenance and the like of all parts in the box body 21 are facilitated. The top cap needs to be sealed (if realize through the sealing washer) when closing in the box 21 main part, avoids appearing the condition such as intaking because of the gap. The flow rate sensor 40 and the driving mechanism 23 are both in communication connection with the main control board 22, and the power supply 24 is respectively connected with the main control board 22, the driving mechanism 23 and the flow rate sensor 40 to supply power to the main control board 22, the driving mechanism 23 and the flow rate sensor 40; the power supply 24 may be a battery.

Two sets of driving mechanisms 23 may be symmetrically disposed in the box body 21 corresponding to the arrangement of the two start and close doors 12 on the opposite sides of the baffle box 10. Each group of driving mechanisms 23 drives the corresponding opening and closing door 12 to act, and the running water inlet 11 is closed or opened.

In this embodiment, the opening and closing door 12 opens and closes the water inlet 11 in a lifting manner, and correspondingly, the driving mechanism 23 may include a motor 231, a transmission cable 232, and at least one set of transmission rollers 233. The transmission roller 233 is positioned between the motor 231 and the opening and closing door 12; the transmission cable 232 is wound around the transmission roller 233, and one end thereof is connected to the rotation shaft of the motor 231 and the other end thereof is connected to the door 12. When the motor 231 rotates, the lifting and closing door 12 is lifted or lowered through the retracting and driving cable 232, and the corresponding water inlet 11 is opened or closed.

The drive cable 232 may be one or two. For the arrangement of the two transmission cables 232, the motor 231 can be of a single-shaft type or a double-shaft type, the single-shaft type motor needs to be provided with two transmission cables 232 for connecting, and the double-shaft type motor can meet the requirement. The drive cable 232 may be a drive chain or a drive rope, etc.

Guide rails (not shown) are respectively arranged on two opposite inner side surfaces of the flowing water inlet 11 according to the lifting direction of the lifting and closing door 12, and two opposite sides of the lifting and closing door 12 are matched in the guide rails.

Further, an elastic buckle assembly is arranged between the starting and closing door 12 and the water inlet 11, so that the stability of the starting and closing door 12 after the water inlet 11 is closed is ensured, and the water inlet 11 is prevented from being opened under other external forces except the driving mechanism 23.

As shown in fig. 2, the elastic catch assembly includes a female catch 51 protruded on the bottom surface of the water inlet 11, and a catch 52 provided at the lower end of the opening and closing door 12 corresponding to the female catch 51. A male latch 53 for engaging with the female latch 51, and a spring 54 connected between the male latch 53 and a side surface of the latch 52 are provided in the latch 52. When the door 12 is lowered until the catch 52 is adjacent to the female catch 51, the female catch 51 enters the catch 52 and presses the male latch 53 and the spring 54, and the spring 54 is compressed. When the opening and closing door 12 descends to close the water inlet 11, the spring 54 is restored by the restoring force to drive the male latch 53 to be engaged in the female latch 51.

In the notch 52, the male latch 53 is located in one end of the notch 52 in the longitudinal direction, and the female catch 51 enters the notch 52 from the other end of the notch 52. The width of the other end of the slot 52 is smaller than that of the female buckle 51, so that the female buckle 51 can extrude the male latch 53 and the spring 54 after entering the slot 52; when the spring 54 is restored, the male latch 53 is urged to move toward the female latch 51, and the convex portion of the male latch 53 is fitted into the concave portion of the female latch 51.

It is to be understood that the elastic snap components are not limited to one set, but may be two or more sets.

The plankton collector 30 comprises a collection vessel through which water can pass and in which plankton is trapped. The top of the collection container is open, the collection container is connected to the bottom of the diversion box 10 through the open top, and the bottom of the diversion box 10 is correspondingly provided with a window communicated with the open top of the collection container, so that the inner space of the collection container is communicated with the inner space of the diversion box 10.

The plankton collector 30 is detachably connected with the guide box 10. Wherein the open top periphery of the collection container may be provided with a plurality of attachment holes or attachment lugs with holes for a nut to fit therein to lock the collection container to the bottom of the pod 10.

As shown in fig. 3, the bottom plate of the collection container is a plankton separation net 31 for entrapping and collecting plankton. The mesh size of the plankton spacer net 31 is specifically set according to the kind of plankton to be collected. If necessary, at least one of the side panels of the collection container, which is attached to the zooplankton screen 31, may also be a screen, through which water can also pass and retain the zooplankton in the collection container.

The flow sensor 40 may be one, rotatably mounted on the control box 20 or the baffle box 10, and may be located on the top or side of the box. The flow velocity sensor 40 rotates according to the water flow direction, detects information such as the water flow direction and the flow velocity thereof, and transmits the information to the main control board 22, and controls the opening and closing of the opening and closing door 12 corresponding to the water flow direction after the information is processed by the main control board 22. The flow velocity sensors 40 may be provided in two pieces, and detect information such as the flow direction and the flow velocity corresponding to the two flow inlets 11.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the automatic plankton collection apparatus of the present invention further includes two baffles 60 disposed in the baffle box 10 and respectively spaced from and opposite to the two inlets 11.

The bottoms of the two guide plates 60 are close to and abut against the inner bottom surface of the plankton collector 30 to divide the inner space of the plankton collector 30 into two collecting cavities 32, and the two collecting cavities 32 are respectively corresponding to and communicated with the two flowing water inlets 11. The tops of the two baffles 60 abut the inner top surface of the baffle box 10.

The widths of the guide plate 60, the plankton collector 30 and the guide box 10 are the same, so that two side edges of the guide plate 60 can be abutted against two opposite inner side surfaces of the plankton collector 30 and the guide box 10.

Preferably, the deflector 60 is an arc-shaped plate with a concavity facing the corresponding running water inlet 11. After entering the diversion box 10 through the flowing water inlet 11, the flowing water can enter the collection cavity 32 of the plankton collector 30 along the concave surface of the diversion plate 60 (as shown by the arrow in fig. 1), the water returns to the water body through the plankton separation net 31, and plankton carried in the flowing water is left on the plankton separation net 31.

The automatic collection device for plankton also comprises a limit sensor group which is arranged at the position of the running water inlet 11 corresponding to the starting and closing door 12 and is in communication connection with the main control board 22. The position-limiting sensor group is used for detecting the position (critical position) of the opening and closing door 12 and sending the detected position information to the main control board 22, and the main control board 22 controls the driving mechanism 23 to perform corresponding actions by combining the position information and the water flow information.

In this embodiment, the limit sensor group includes a first limit sensor 71 and a second limit sensor 72 provided at the upper end and the lower end of the flow inlet 11, respectively. The main control board 22 controls the motor 231 to open and close and rotate forward and backward according to the information detected by the first limit sensor 71 and the second limit sensor 72, so as to drive the opening and closing door 12 to descend to the running water inlet 11 to close the running water inlet, or ascend to the right to open the running water inlet 11, and the opening and closing door 12 cannot be pulled to pass the right.

When the automatic plankton collecting device is used, the device is fixed in a tidal river reach in a bidirectional reciprocating flow state in parallel with the water flow direction of a river channel. Taking the river reach water flow state as an example of flowing from left to right, as shown in fig. 1, the flow velocity sensor 40 sends a signal to the main control board 22 after sensing the water flow direction, the main control board 22 controls the left motor 231 to rotate forward (the initial setting is positive to pull), the transmission cable 232 is driven to pull the left opening and closing door 12, when the bottom end of the opening and closing door 12 reaches the first limit sensor 71, the main control board 22 controls the motor 231 to stop working, the opening and closing door 12 keeps an open state, at this time, plankton flows through the water inlet 11 along with the water flow to enter the diversion box 10, the water flow is deflected downward to enter the plankton collector 30 after meeting the diversion plate 60, and the plankton separation net 31 at the bottom of the plankton collector 30 is.

When the river reach water flow state changes from left to right to left, the flow velocity sensor 40 sends a signal to the main control board 22, the main control board 22 controls the left motor 231 to rotate reversely, when the left opening and closing door 12 moves downwards to the second limit sensor 72 at the bottom due to self weight, the main control board 22 controls the left motor 231 to stop working and the right motor 231 to rotate forwards, the right opening and closing door 12 rises to the first limit sensor 71 along with the tightening of the transmission cable 232, the main control board 22 controls the motor 231 to stop working, then the right side is the same as the left side, water flows enter through the water inlet 11 at the right side, and the interception and collection of plankton are realized.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.