阅读说明：本技术 船舶及平台气锁间正压气锁系统 (Positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock ) 是由 黄吉 甘霏斐 吴磊 王显力 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种船舶及平台气锁间正压气锁系统,包括气锁空气瓶供气部分、气锁间和风机供气部分,风机供气部分包括风机,风机通过进风管连通气锁间,气锁空气瓶供气部分包括存储有压缩空气的气锁空气瓶,气锁空气瓶通过气锁空气瓶供气管路与进风管连接,气锁空气瓶供气管路上设有用于开关气锁空气瓶与进风管之间通道的阀门。在船舶或平台正常工作,风机可用工况下,气锁间可通过风机送风提供维持正压所需空气；在全船失电或应急切断后,风机不可用工况下,气锁间可通过气锁系统空气瓶提供维持正压所需空气,确保气锁间在任何工况下都能通过相应措施保持正压,防止易燃易爆、有毒有害气体进入人员居住、集中处所,保障人员安全迅速集合及撤离。(The invention discloses a positive pressure air lock system between air locks of a ship and a platform, which comprises an air lock air bottle air supply part, an air lock chamber and a fan air supply part, wherein the fan air supply part comprises a fan, the fan is communicated with the air lock chamber through an air inlet pipe, the air lock air bottle air supply part comprises an air lock air bottle storing compressed air, the air lock air bottle is connected with the air inlet pipe through an air lock air bottle air supply pipeline, and a valve for opening and closing a channel between the air lock air bottle and the air inlet pipe is arranged on the air lock air bottle air supply pipeline. Under the working conditions that the ship or the platform works normally and the fan can work, the air lock chamber can supply air required by maintaining positive pressure through the fan; after the whole ship is powered off or is cut off in an emergency, the air lock chamber can provide air required for maintaining positive pressure through the air bottle of the air lock system under the condition that the fan is unavailable, so that the positive pressure can be maintained through corresponding measures under any working condition in the air lock chamber, flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful gases are prevented from entering living and centralized places of personnel, and the safety and the rapid collection and evacuation of the personnel are guaranteed.)

1. A positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air locks comprises an air lock chamber (8) and a fan air supply part, wherein the fan air supply part comprises a fan (5), the fan (5) is communicated with the air lock chamber (8) through an air inlet pipe (10), and the positive pressure air lock system is characterized by further comprising an air lock air bottle air supply part, the air lock air bottle air supply part comprises an air lock air bottle (2) storing compressed air, the air lock air bottle (2) is connected with the air inlet pipe (10) through an air lock air bottle air supply pipeline (11), and a valve used for opening and closing a channel between the air lock air bottle (2) and the air inlet pipe (10) is arranged on the air lock air bottle air supply pipeline (11);

when the ship and the platform normally run, a channel between the air lock air bottle (2) and the air inlet pipe (10) is blocked through a valve, and a fan (5) extracts air in a safe area and sends the air to the air lock chamber (8) through the air inlet pipe (10);

when the ship is powered off or the fan (5) is unavailable, the valve position of the valve is adjusted, so that the channel between the air lock air bottle (2) and the air inlet pipe (10) is communicated, and compressed air in the air lock air bottle (2) enters the air lock chamber (8) through the air inlet pipe (10).

2. The positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the air lock chamber (8) is provided with an exhaust duct communicated with the outside (9), and the exhaust duct is provided with a differential pressure air lock (7); when the positive pressure in the air lock chamber (8) is too high, the differential pressure air brake (7) is opened, air in the air lock chamber (8) is discharged to the atmosphere of the outdoor part (9), and the positive pressure in the air lock chamber (8) is maintained within a set range.

3. The positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the air supply part of the air lock air bottle further comprises a pressure regulating valve set (3), the pressure regulating valve set (3) is arranged on the air lock air bottle air supply pipeline (11) between the air lock air bottle (2) and the valve, so that the compressed air from the air lock air bottle (2) passes through the valve after being decompressed by the pressure regulating valve set (3).

4. A positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 3, characterized in that the set of pressure regulating valves (3) comprises two sets of pressure regulating valves connected in parallel, each set of pressure regulating valves comprises two safety valves (31), two pressure gauges (32), and a filter (33), two pressure gauges (32) are disposed between the two safety valves (31), and a filter (33) is disposed between the two pressure gauges (32).

5. The positive pressure airlock system between ship and platform airlocks of claim 1, 3 or 4 wherein said valve is a three-way balancing valve (4), and three joints of said three-way balancing valve (4) are respectively connected to said air inlet pipe (10), said airlock air tank (2) and said outdoor unit (9) through air pipes.

6. The system of claim 1 or 3, wherein the air lock air tank (2) is connected to the air compressor (1) so that when the pressure in the air lock air tank (2) is low and the amount of air stored is insufficient, the air compressor (1) is activated to supply air to the air lock air tank (2).

7. The positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 6, characterized in that the air lock air tank (2) is provided with a pressure switch, so that when the pressure in the air lock air tank (2) is low and the stored air quantity is insufficient, the air compressor (1) is automatically started to supplement air for the air lock air tank (2).

8. The positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet pipe (10) is provided with a non-return air lock (6), the non-return air lock (6) is arranged between the connection between the air pipe connected with the valve and the air inlet pipe (10) and the fan (5), so that the compressed air from the air lock air bottle (2) can only enter the air lock chamber (8) through the air inlet pipe (10).

9. The positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the air lock chamber (8) is provided with an airtight door to the outside.

10. A positive air lock system between a vessel and a platform air lock according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of the air lock air tank (2) is selected according to the design evacuation time.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positive pressure air lock system between ship and platform air locks, and belongs to the technical field of safety equipment for offshore oil development.

Background

The offshore engineering projects such as a drilling platform, an FPSO (generally referred to as a floating liquefied natural gas production storage and unloading device), a drilling ship, a platform support ship and the like are mainly used for exploration, development, exploitation, treatment, storage and the like of offshore oil and gas fields. Such vessel operations are accompanied by a large number of oil and gas related operations. Oil gas and volatile matters generated in the process of developing the offshore oil contain a large amount of flammable and explosive, even toxic and harmful components. In order to ensure the normal operation of the platform and the ship and the safety of workers, a series of safety measures are provided for various large classification societies and the oil and gas industry, wherein the safety measures comprise the setting of a temporary shelter, and an inlet and an outlet of the temporary shelter are required to be provided with an air lock room.

As the name suggests, the air lock chamber is a relatively closed space which can lock air. Are generally located between hazardous areas (areas where oil and gas is handled and stored) and safe areas or hazardous areas of different grades. The air pressure in the air lock room is slightly higher than the external air pressure, so as to prevent the external inflammable, explosive, toxic and harmful gases from invading the temporary refuge area and causing harm to the personnel in the temporary refuge area.

The combination of a fan and a differential pressure air brake is widely applied to various ships and platforms as the most common air lock system form. The air blower is used in the mode, mechanical air supply is carried out on the air lock chamber through the air pipe, and air required for maintaining positive pressure is provided. And an exhaust pipe is arranged, and a differential pressure air brake is arranged on the exhaust pipe and used for controlling the positive pressure in the air lock chamber within a set range. Under the normal condition, the air lock chamber can be ensured to have a certain positive pressure, and external smoke and combustible gas are blocked. However, this type of airlock system will fail in the event of a power loss or emergency shutdown of the entire ship, resulting in the inability of the wind turbine to maintain operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: when the whole ship loses power or is cut off in an emergency, how to avoid the failure of the airlock system under the condition that the fan cannot maintain operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention provides a positive pressure air lock system between air locks of a ship and a platform, which comprises an air lock chamber and a fan air supply part, wherein the fan air supply part comprises a fan which is communicated with the air lock chamber through an air inlet pipe;

when the ship and the platform normally operate, a channel between air inlet pipes of the air lock air bottle is plugged through a valve, and a fan extracts air in a safe area and sends the air into the air lock chamber through the air inlet pipes;

when the ship is powered off or the fan is unavailable, the valve position of the valve is adjusted, so that the channel between the air lock air bottle and the air inlet pipe is communicated, and compressed air in the air lock air bottle enters the air lock chamber through the air inlet pipe.

Preferably, an exhaust pipe communicated with the outside is arranged between the air locks, and a differential pressure air brake is arranged on the exhaust pipe; when the positive pressure in the air lock chamber is too high, the differential pressure air brake is opened to discharge the air in the air lock chamber to the outdoor atmosphere, and the positive pressure in the air lock chamber is maintained within a set range.

Preferably, the air supply part of the air lock air bottle further comprises a pressure regulating valve group, and the pressure regulating valve group is arranged on an air supply pipeline of the air lock air bottle between the air lock air bottle and the valve, so that compressed air from the air lock air bottle passes through the valve after being decompressed by the pressure regulating valve group.

Preferably, the pressure regulating valve group comprises two groups of pressure regulating valves connected in parallel, each group of pressure regulating valves comprises two safety valves, two pressure gauges and a filter, the two pressure gauges are arranged between the two safety valves, and the filter is arranged between the two pressure gauges.

Preferably, the valve is a three-way balance valve, and three joints of the three-way balance valve are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe, the air lock air bottle and the outdoor space through air pipes.

Preferably, the air lock air bottle is connected with the air compressor, so that when the pressure in the air lock air bottle is low and the stored air quantity is insufficient, the air is supplied to the air lock air bottle by starting the air compressor.

Preferably, the air lock air bottle is provided with a pressure switch, so that when the pressure in the air lock air bottle is low and the stored air quantity is insufficient, the air compressor is automatically started to supplement air for the air lock air bottle.

Preferably, the air inlet pipe is provided with a non-return air brake, and the non-return air brake is arranged between a communication part of the air pipe connected with the valve and the air inlet pipe and the fan, so that compressed air from the air lock air bottle can only enter the air lock through the air inlet pipe.

Preferably, an airtight door leading to the outside is arranged on the air lock chamber.

Preferably, the volume of the air lock air bottle is selected according to the designed evacuation time.

According to the positive pressure air lock system between the air locks of the ship and the marine platform, when the ship or the platform works normally and the fan can work under the available working condition, the air lock can supply air required for maintaining positive pressure through the fan; after the whole ship is powered off or is cut off in an emergency, the air lock can provide air required for maintaining positive pressure through the air bottle of the air lock system under the condition that the fan is unavailable, and the air lock is maintained in a positive pressure state within a certain time. The air lock system ensures that the air lock room can keep positive pressure through corresponding measures under any working condition, prevents inflammable, explosive, toxic and harmful gases from entering places where people live and concentrate, provides time for people to concentrate, evacuate and escape, and ensures the safety and rapid collection and evacuation of people.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the ship or the platform works normally, and positive pressure is maintained by air supply of the fan between the air locks under the available working condition of the fan. The system may be considered more economical in conjunction with conventional cabin ventilation systems. Meanwhile, the fan supplies air under normal working conditions, and the air cylinder air supply system can be used as a spare of the fan air supply system, so that the redundancy and the safety and reliability are improved.

(2) The air lock air bottle air supply system does not need any electric control part. Ensuring that the necessary positive pressure is maintained between the vessel or platform airlocks under any circumstances. Inflammable, explosive, toxic and harmful gas is prevented from entering the living and refuge areas of the people, and the life safety of the people is protected.

(3) The air inlet pipe is provided with a non-return air brake to prevent air in the air lock air bottle from entering other areas through the air inlet pipe.

(4) The air lock air bottle enters the air lock chamber after passing through the pressure regulating valve, so that the pressure of the air bottle can be improved, and the volume of the air bottle is reduced, thereby facilitating the arrangement.

(5) The air lock system between air locks can determine the capacity according to the design requirement of the evacuation time, and the air cylinder automatically supplies air to ensure that the system always meets the requirement of the evacuation time.

(6) The arrangement of the three-way balance valve and the pipeline can switch the air lock system to supply air by a fan or an air bottle. Under the working conditions of power loss and fan failure, the air lock can also be used as a balance pipe and a standby differential pressure air brake, so that the overhigh internal pressure in the air lock chamber is avoided, and the door opening and the evacuation are facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a positive pressure airlock system between a vessel and a platform airlock;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the pressure regulating valve assembly.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a positive pressure air lock system between air locks of a ship and a platform, and as shown in figure 1, the air lock system of each air lock chamber 8 comprises two parts of air supply of a fan and air supply of an air lock air bottle.

The fan air supply part comprises a fan 5, a non-return air brake 6 and a pressure difference air brake 7. The fan 5 is communicated with an airlock room 8 through an air inlet pipe 10, the airlock room 8 is provided with an exhaust pipe communicated with the outside 9, the air inlet pipe 10 is provided with a non-return air brake 6, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a differential pressure air brake 7. When the ship and the platform normally operate and the fan 5 can work, the fan 5 extracts air in a safe area and sends the air to the airlock 8 through the air inlet pipe 10 to maintain positive pressure. The exhaust pipe is provided with a differential pressure air brake 7. When the positive pressure in the air lock chamber 8 is too high, the differential pressure air brake 7 is opened, air in the air lock chamber 8 is discharged to the outdoor 9 atmosphere, and the positive pressure in the air lock chamber 8 is maintained within a set range.

The air supply part of the air lock air bottle comprises an air compressor 1, an air lock air bottle 2, a pressure regulating valve group 3 and a three-way balance valve 4. Three joints of the three-way balance valve 4 are respectively communicated with the air inlet pipe 10, the air lock air bottle 2 and the outdoor 9 through air pipes. The air lock air bottle 2 is connected with the air inlet pipe 10 through an air lock air bottle air supply pipeline 11, and a three-way balance valve 4 is arranged on the air lock air bottle air supply pipeline 11 and used for opening and closing a channel between the air lock air bottle 2 and the air inlet pipe 10. The air lock chamber 8 can be controlled by the three-way balance valve 4 to be communicated with the outside atmosphere (normal working condition) or communicated with an air lock air bottle pipeline (emergency air lock state). The pressure regulating valve group 3 is arranged on an air lock air bottle air supply pipeline 11 between the air lock air bottle 2 and the valve, so that compressed air coming out of the air lock air bottle 2 passes through the valve after being decompressed by the pressure regulating valve group 3. As shown in fig. 2, the pressure regulating valve set 3 includes two pressure regulating valves connected in parallel, each pressure regulating valve set includes two safety valves 31, two pressure gauges 32, and a filter 33, the two pressure gauges 32 are disposed between the two safety valves 31, and the filter 33 is disposed between the two pressure gauges 32.

Under the working condition that the ship is powered off or the fan is unavailable, the valve position of the three-way balance valve 4 is adjusted to communicate the air supply pipeline 11 of the air lock air bottle with the air supply pipeline of the air inlet pipe 10. Compressed air in the air lock air bottle 2 is decompressed by the pressure regulating valve group 3, then is sent to the back of the non-return air brake 6 of the air inlet pipe 10 through a pipeline and enters the air lock chamber 8, so that a certain positive pressure still exists in the air lock chamber 8 under the working condition of power failure of the ship. The non-return air brake 6 is arranged between the communication part of the air pipe connected with the valve and the air inlet pipe 10 and the fan 5, so that compressed air from the air lock air bottle 2 can only enter the air lock room 8 through the air inlet pipe 10, and the loss of the compressed air caused by entering other non-refuge areas is avoided. The positive pressure of the air lock chamber 8 is controlled within a set range through the pressure regulating valve group 3 and the differential pressure air brake 7. Before the door is opened, the valve position of the three-way balance valve 4 can be adjusted to communicate the air lock chamber 8 with the atmosphere, so that the internal pressure and the external pressure are balanced, and the door is opened conveniently.

Air lock air bottle 2 is connected with air compressor machine 1, and air lock air bottle 2 establishes pressure switch, and when 2 internal pressure of air lock air bottle were low, the air quantity of storage was not enough, automatic start air compressor machine 1 was the air supplement for air lock air bottle 2, ensured that air lock air bottle 2 can satisfy the air feed time of designing requirement all the time.

In the above-mentioned positive pressure airlock system between ship and platform, the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, so that the equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.