Elevator positioning and protecting device and method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种电梯定位及保护装置以及其方法 (Elevator positioning and protecting device and method thereof ) 是由 肖华 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种电梯定位及保护装置,包括：安装座,安装座用于固定在电梯轿厢底板的一侧,包括固定板,固定板上具有插孔；插销,可活动地安装在安装座上,插销连接有驱动装置；限位板,用于固定在建筑楼层的电梯井道一侧,限位板成对设置在每个楼层的上方和下方；机械开关,固定连接在插销上,位于插销的上方和下方,机械开关受到挤压时能够控制电梯轿厢停止升降；当电梯轿厢开门时,插销能够在驱动装置的带动下插入插孔固定,限位板位于插销和机械开关的升降路径上。当电梯在平层位置产生故障时,本发明具有机械开关保护和物理保护的多重保护,能够保证电梯门不关闭时电梯轿厢不能升降,避免电梯剪切事故发生。(The application relates to an elevator location and protection device, include: the mounting seat is used for being fixed on one side of a bottom plate of the elevator car and comprises a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is provided with a jack; the bolt is movably arranged on the mounting seat and is connected with a driving device; the limiting plates are used for being fixed on one side of an elevator shaft of a building floor, and the limiting plates are arranged above and below each floor in pairs; the mechanical switches are fixedly connected to the pins and positioned above and below the pins, and the mechanical switches can control the elevator car to stop lifting when being extruded; when the elevator car opens the door, the bolt can insert the jack under drive arrangement's drive and fix, and the limiting plate is located bolt and mechanical switch's lift route. When the elevator breaks down at the flat position, the elevator car lifting protection device has multiple protections of mechanical switch protection and physical protection, can ensure that the elevator car cannot lift when the elevator door is not closed, and avoids the occurrence of elevator shearing accidents.)
1. An elevator positioning and protection device, comprising:
the mounting seat (1) is used for being fixed on one side of a bottom plate of an elevator car, and comprises a fixing plate (11), wherein the fixing plate (11) is provided with a jack (111);
the bolt (2) is movably arranged on the mounting seat (1), and the bolt (2) is connected with a driving device;
the limiting plates (3) are fixed on one side of an elevator shaft of a building floor, and the limiting plates (3) are arranged above and below each floor in pairs;
the mechanical switch (5) is fixedly connected to the bolt (2) and positioned above and below the bolt (2), and the mechanical switch (5) can control the elevator car to stop lifting when being extruded;
the optical sensing assembly (9) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (1), the optical sensing assembly is provided with an upper sensing area and a lower sensing area, and the sensing areas are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the mechanical switch (5); the optical sensing assembly only performs sensing when the elevator car is opened, the sensing area is used for sensing the limiting plate (3), and the elevator car can be controlled to stop when the sensing area senses the limiting plate (3);
the induction positioning assembly (6) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (1) and used for inducing the limiting plates (3) above and below each floor, and when the induction positioning assembly (6) induces the limiting plates (3) above and below each floor at the same time, the elevator car can be controlled to stop;
the emergency switch is used for controlling the elevator car to close the door and move for a certain distance until the sensing and positioning component (6) senses the upper limit plate and the lower limit plate (3) at the same time;
when the elevator car is opened, the bolt (2) can be driven by the driving device to be inserted into the jack (111) for fixing, and the limiting plate (3) is positioned on a lifting path of the bolt (2) and the mechanical switch (5); when the door of the elevator car is closed, the bolt (2) can be driven by the driving device to be drawn out of the jack (111), and the limiting plate (3) is not positioned on the lifting path of the bolt (2) and the mechanical switch (5).
2. The elevator positioning and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting base (1) is provided with a sliding rail (12), and the bolt (2) is mounted on the sliding rail (12) through a sliding block (22).
3. The elevator positioning and protection device of claim 2, wherein the drive device comprises:
the traction rope (41) is fixedly connected with the bolt (2);
a pulley (42) arranged on the mounting base (1) and used for guiding the traction rope (41);
the traction machine is fixed with one end of the traction rope (41) and used for retracting the traction rope (41);
and the balancing weight (44) is fixed to the other end of the traction rope (41), and the balancing weight (44) is used for driving the plug pin (2) to be inserted into the insertion hole (111) when the traction rope (41) is released by the tractor.
4. The elevator positioning and protection device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the sensing and positioning assembly is located on the upper and lower sides of the optical sensing assembly; the mounting seat (1) is vertically and fixedly provided with a sensor mounting plate (7), and the sensor mounting plates (7) are distributed on the left side and the right side of the limiting plate (3); the sensor mounting panel (7) the top and the lower extreme still fixed mounting have limit travel switch (8), limit travel switch (8) are used for controlling elevator car and stop when touching the top or the bottom of elevator well.
5. Elevator positioning and protection device according to any of claims 1-3, characterized by the fact that the fixed plates (11) are distributed on the left and right sides of the limit plate (3).
6. The elevator positioning and protecting device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the optical sensing assembly (9) is an upper and a lower set of grating sensors (91, 92), and the sensing and positioning assembly is an upper and a lower set of infrared sensors (61, 62).
7. Elevator positioning and protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that the infrared sensor (61, 62) comprises an infrared generator (611, 621) arranged on the sensor mounting plate (7) on one side and an emitter plate (612, 622) arranged on the sensor mounting plate (7) on the other side.
8. Method for positioning and protecting an elevator, characterized in that the use of an elevator positioning and protecting device according to any of claims 1-7 comprises the following steps:
when the elevator is normal, the elevator is in a hosting state and is controlled by a control circuit of the elevator;
once abnormal conditions occur, the elevator is in a take-over state, at the moment, a control circuit of the elevator does not work, and the take-over control circuit is used for controlling the lifting of the elevator and the opening/closing of the door of the elevator;
in the hosting state, the elevator normally ascends, descends, stops and opens the door, whether the hosting state is stopped or not and the takeover state is determined by the optical sensing assembly (9), and when the optical sensing assembly (9) senses any one of the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate (3), the takeover state is entered;
in the pipe connection state, the pipe connection circuit firstly controls the elevator door to close, senses whether the elevator door is closed or not after a door closing command is sent for a certain time, and controls the elevator door to open the door again and then close the door if the elevator door is not closed; if the door of the elevator is closed completely, the elevator is controlled to ascend and descend until the induction positioning assembly (6) simultaneously induces the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate (3), the elevator is considered to reach a flat-layer state, the elevator is controlled to stop and open the door, if the induction door opening is completed, the elevator is considered to have normally operated, the take-over state of the take-over control circuit is released, and the elevator enters a hosting state.
9. The elevator positioning and protection method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
when the elevator is lifted, the sensing and positioning component (6) needs to sense the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate (3) at the same time, otherwise, the elevator can be lifted continuously until the sensing and positioning component (6) senses the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate (3) at the same time; if the elevator stops, the opening of the elevator door is controlled and the opening of the elevator door is not completed, the opening of the elevator door is continuously controlled until the opening of the elevator door is completed.
10. The elevator positioning and protecting method according to claim 9, characterized in that the elevator positioning and protecting device further has a one-key rescue function and is provided with an emergency switch, the emergency switch has a traffic light indicating function, the emergency switch is not on in a normal state, and the emergency switch is on when in a take-over state;
the emergency switch can directly enter a pipe connection state after being pressed;
when the red light of the emergency switch is turned on, the emergency switch is pressed down, and the following steps are executed:
step 1, sensing a limiting plate by a sensing positioning assembly, executing step 2 when the sensing positioning assembly can sense the limiting plate above and below a floor at the same time, and executing step 3 otherwise;
step 2, the elevator door opening motor works to open the door of the elevator door, at the moment, the door opening state needs to be sensed, if the door opening is completed successfully, the take-over state of the take-over control circuit is released, the pipe supporting state is entered, the emergency switch is indicated to be a green light, and if the pipe supporting state closes the door again, the door opening of the take-over state of the elevator door is performed again; after the door is opened successfully, the elevator temporarily enters a hosting state until a traction machine controlling the elevator to ascend and descend also enters the hosting state, the elevator integrally enters the hosting state at the moment, the elevator completely exits the takeover state, and a green light indicated by an emergency switch is turned off;
step 3, an elevator door opening motor works to close the elevator door, and the induction of whether the elevator door is closed is finished or not after a certain time, if the elevator door is closed, the elevator is controlled to ascend and descend, and the induction positioning component (6) is used for inducing the limiting plate (3) in the step 1; if the door of the elevator door is not closed completely, the door of the elevator door is continuously controlled to be opened and then closed until the door is closed successfully;
when the trusteeship circuit simultaneously controls the lifting motor and the gantry crane motor, the trusteeship circuit enters a trusteeship state.
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of elevators, and particularly relates to an elevator positioning and protecting device and method.
Background
At present, most elevators are provided with protection devices for transversely preventing the elevator door from clamping people, however, the protection devices for longitudinally preventing the occurrence of the shearing accident are rare, once the elevator has the shearing fault, the elevator runs abnormally when people do not enter or leave completely, people can be longitudinally sheared and extruded by the elevator running vertically and a static floor, and casualties can be caused under the condition that the protection devices for preventing the occurrence of the longitudinal shearing accident are not provided. As for the elevator seen in the real life of people at present, because no corresponding protection device exists, malignant casualty accidents are inevitably caused, the life safety of people is endangered, and a plurality of malignant accidents are reported.
The biggest reason for the occurrence of the shearing accident is that the door closing system of the elevator is not perfect, and the elevator ascends and descends when the elevator is not closed, which is the biggest problem of the occurrence of the accident.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problem that the door closing system of the elevator in the prior art is imperfect, the elevator positioning and protecting device and the method thereof are provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an elevator positioning and protection device comprising:
the mounting seat is used for being fixed on one side of a bottom plate of the elevator car and comprises a fixing plate, and a jack is formed in the fixing plate;
the bolt is movably arranged on the mounting seat and is connected with a driving device;
the limiting plates are used for being fixed on one side of an elevator shaft of a building floor, and the limiting plates are arranged above and below each floor in pairs;
the mechanical switches are fixedly connected to the inserted pins and positioned above and below the inserted pins, and the mechanical switches can control the elevator car to stop lifting when being extruded;
the optical sensing assembly is fixedly connected to the mounting seat and provided with an upper sensing area and a lower sensing area, and the sensing areas are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the mechanical switch; the optical sensing assembly only performs sensing when the elevator car opens the door, the sensing area is used for sensing the limiting plate, and the elevator car can be controlled to stop when the sensing area senses the limiting plate;
the induction positioning assembly is fixedly connected to the mounting seat and used for inducing the limiting plates above and below each floor, and when the induction positioning assembly induces the limiting plates above and below each floor, the elevator car can be controlled to stop;
the emergency switch is used for controlling the elevator car to close the door and move for a certain distance until the sensing and positioning assembly senses the upper limit plate and the lower limit plate simultaneously;
when the elevator car opens the door, the plug pin can be driven by the driving device to be inserted into the jack for fixing, and the limiting plate is positioned on the lifting path of the plug pin and the mechanical switch; when the elevator car closed the door, the bolt can be followed drive arrangement's drive in the jack is taken out, the limiting plate is not located the bolt with mechanical switch's lift route.
Preferably, according to the elevator positioning and protecting device disclosed by the invention, the mounting seat is provided with a sliding rail, and the bolt is mounted on the sliding rail through a sliding block.
Preferably, the elevator positioning and protecting device of the present invention, the driving device comprises:
the traction rope is fixedly connected with the bolt;
the pulley is arranged on the mounting seat and used for guiding the traction rope;
the traction machine is fixed with one end of the traction rope and used for retracting the traction rope;
and the balancing weight is fixed at the other end of the traction rope and is used for driving the bolt to be inserted into the jack when the traction rope is released by the tractor.
Preferably, in the elevator positioning and protecting device of the present invention, the sensing and positioning components are located at the upper and lower sides of the optical sensing component; sensor mounting plates are vertically and fixedly mounted on the mounting seat and distributed on the left side and the right side of the limiting plate; the top and the lower extreme of sensor mounting panel still fixed mounting have limit travel switch, limit travel switch is used for controlling elevator car and stops when touching the top or the bottom of elevator well.
Preferably, in the elevator positioning and protecting device according to the present invention, the fixing plates are distributed on left and right sides of the limiting plate.
Preferably, in the elevator positioning and protecting device of the present invention, the optical sensing assembly is an upper grating sensor and a lower grating sensor, and the sensing positioning assembly is an upper infrared sensor and a lower infrared sensor.
Preferably, in the elevator positioning and protecting device according to the present invention, the infrared sensor includes an infrared generator disposed on the sensor mounting plate on one side and an emitting plate disposed on the sensor mounting plate on the other side.
The elevator positioning and protecting method comprises the following steps:
when the elevator is normal, the elevator is in a hosting state and is controlled by a control circuit of the elevator;
once abnormal conditions occur, the elevator is in a take-over state, at the moment, a control circuit of the elevator does not work, and the take-over control circuit is used for controlling the lifting of the elevator and the opening/closing of the door of the elevator;
in the hosting state, the elevator normally ascends, descends, stops and opens the door, whether the hosting state is stopped or not and the takeover state is determined by the optical sensing assembly, and when the optical sensing assembly senses any one of the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate, the takeover state is entered;
in the pipe connection state, the pipe connection circuit firstly controls the elevator door to close, senses whether the elevator door is closed or not after a door closing command is sent for a certain time, and controls the elevator door to open the door again and then close the door if the elevator door is not closed; if the door of the elevator is closed completely, the elevator is controlled to ascend and descend until the induction positioning assembly simultaneously induces the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate, the elevator is considered to reach a flat-layer state, the elevator is controlled to stop and open the door, if the induction door is opened completely, the elevator is considered to have normally operated, the pipe connection state of the pipe connection control circuit is released, and the elevator enters a pipe supporting state.
Preferably, the elevator positioning and protecting method of the present invention further comprises the steps of:
when the elevator is lifted, the sensing and positioning assembly needs to sense the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate at the same time, otherwise, the elevator can be lifted continuously until the sensing and positioning assembly senses the upper limiting plate and the lower limiting plate at the same time; if the elevator stops, the opening of the elevator door is controlled and the opening of the elevator door is not completed, the opening of the elevator door is continuously controlled until the opening of the elevator door is completed.
Preferably, according to the elevator positioning and protecting method, the elevator positioning and protecting device further has a one-key rescue function and is provided with an emergency switch, the emergency switch has a traffic light indicating function, the emergency switch is not on in a normal state, and the emergency switch is on when in a take-over state;
the emergency switch can directly enter a pipe connection state after being pressed;
when the red light of the emergency switch is turned on, the emergency switch is pressed down, and the following steps are executed:
when the trusteeship circuit simultaneously controls the lifting motor and the gantry crane motor, the trusteeship circuit enters a trusteeship state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the elevator breaks down at the flat bed position, have the multiple protection of mechanical switch protection and physical protection, can guarantee that the elevator car can not go up and down when the lift-cabin door does not close, avoid the elevator to cut the emergence of accident.
Drawings
The technical solution of the present application is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elevator positioning and protection device according to an embodiment of the present application in a state where a plug is not inserted;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view illustrating a state in which a plug of an elevator positioning and protecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is inserted;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position of an elevator positioning and protection device according to an embodiment of the present application installed in a building;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the position of the embodiment of the present application in the inserted state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the position of the inserted state of the plug pin according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation positions of the optical sensing assembly and the sensing and positioning assembly according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure and an installation manner of a limiting plate according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an end of a limiting plate connected with a floor according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a reverse rotation counterweight block mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a flow chart of an elevator positioning and protection method of an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of the steps taken over by the elevator positioning and protecting method according to the embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1 mounting base
2 bolt
3 limiting plate
5 mechanical switch
6 inductive locating component
7 sensor mounting plate
8 limit travel switch
9 optical sensing assembly
11 fixed plate
12 sliding rail
22 slide block
31 reinforcing strip
32 floor connecting plate
41 traction rope
42 pulley
44 balance weight
45 reverse rotation haulage rope
46 reverse counter weight block
61 Infrared inductor
62 infrared inductor
91 grating sensor
92 grating sensor
111 jack
611 infrared generator
612 emitting plate
621 infrared generator
622 emission plate
A Elevator car
And B floor.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
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