阅读说明：本技术 一种防水、粘接、填缝三合一砂浆及其制备方法 (Waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar and preparation method thereof ) 是由 胡鹏 冯建华 张晓克 于 2019-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防水、粘接、填缝三合一砂浆及其制备方法,属于建筑材料技术领域,防水、粘接、填缝三合一砂浆其原料包含水泥、石英砂、高分子聚合物、施工助剂、明矾石膨胀剂、掺合料、砂。本发明通过高分子聚合物、施工助剂的协同作用,使砂浆防水的同时粘接牢固；在砂浆中添加明矾石膨胀剂,提高砂浆的抗拉强度,防止砂浆出现裂缝；在砂浆中使用掺合料,实现废物利用。(The invention discloses waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The invention enables the mortar to be waterproof and firmly bonded through the synergistic effect of the high molecular polymer and the construction auxiliary agent; the alunite expanding agent is added into the mortar, so that the tensile strength of the mortar is improved, and cracks are prevented from appearing in the mortar; the admixture is used in the mortar, so that the waste utilization is realized.)

1. The waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar is characterized by comprising, by weight, 5-15 parts of cement, 5-12 parts of quartz sand, 0.5-2 parts of high-molecular polymer, 0.1-1 part of construction aid, 0.1-1 part of alunite expanding agent, 2-5 parts of admixture and 5-15 parts of sand;

wherein the high molecular polymer is redispersible rubber powder;

the construction auxiliary agent is one or two of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or methyl cellulose;

the admixture is one or more of fly ash, slag micropowder and silica fume.

2. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise 8 to 12 parts of cement, 9 to 10 parts of quartz sand, 0.8 to 1.5 parts of high molecular polymer, 0.3 to 0.8 part of construction aid, 0.3 to 0.8 part of alunite expanding agent, 3 to 4 parts of admixture and 9 to 13 parts of sand.

3. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise 10 parts of cement, 9.5 parts of quartz sand, 1 part of high molecular polymer, 0.5 part of construction aid, 0.5 part of alunite expanding agent, 3.3 parts of admixture and 11 parts of sand.

4. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar according to claim 1, wherein the redispersible rubber powder is a binary or ternary copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate or ethylene or acrylic ester.

5. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of claim 1, wherein the ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to methylcellulose in the construction aid is 1: 1.

6. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of claim 1, wherein the ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to methylcellulose in the construction aid is 3: 2.

7. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of claim 1, wherein the ratio of fly ash, slag micropowder and silica fume in the admixture is 8: 7: 5.

8. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of claim 1, wherein the ratio of fly ash, slag micropowder and silica fume in the admixture is 15: 10: 8.

9. The waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar according to claim 1, wherein the sand has a particle size of not more than 2 mm.

10. The method for preparing waterproof, adhesive and caulking three-in-one mortar of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

(1) weighing cement, quartz sand, high molecular polymer, construction aid, alunite expanding agent, admixture and sand according to the proportion;

(2) and (3) putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 30-50 min to obtain the waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The ceramic tile veneer system is one of the most common decorative veneers in the building engineering in China, and has the characteristics of strong impact resistance, good durability, easy cleaning and the like; but often accompanied by problems such as water seepage, hollowing, falling off, etc. The current commonly used bonding and joint filling materials for ceramic tile facing are as follows: pure cement slurry, cement mortar, flexible tile adhesive, silica gel and the like. Pure water mortar and cement mortar have high rigidity and high water absorption rate, and can generate expansion internal stress; the flexible ceramic tile adhesive has high plasticity and is easy to flow during construction to damage the flatness of a decorative surface; silica gel is expensive and easy to age, and the flatness is difficult to control in the construction process.

Because the common mortar has a large shrinkage value and is easy to crack and fall off after a long time, the mortar with excellent waterproof, bonding and joint filling performances needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first purpose of the invention is to provide waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar which has the advantages of good waterproof and joint filling performances and firm bonding.

In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar comprises, by weight, 5-15 parts of cement, 5-12 parts of quartz sand, 0.5-2 parts of high polymer, 0.1-1 part of construction aid, 0.1-1 part of alunite expanding agent, 2-5 parts of admixture and 5-15 parts of sand;

wherein the high molecular polymer is redispersible rubber powder;

the construction auxiliary agent is one or two of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or methyl cellulose;

the admixture is one or more of fly ash, slag micropowder and silica fume.

By adopting the technical scheme, the quartz sand is a hard, wear-resistant and chemically stable silicate mineral, and the main mineral component of the quartz sand is SiO 2. Quartz sand is an important industrial mineral raw material and is widely used in the industries of glass, casting, ceramics and refractory materials, smelting ferrosilicon, metallurgical fusing agent, metallurgy, building, chemical engineering, plastics, rubber, grinding materials and the like. The quartz sand has strong acid medium erosion resistance, and can be used for preparing acid-resistant mortar and acid-resistant mortar in the building industry.

The redispersible rubber powder is modified emulsion powder obtained by spray drying a binary or ternary copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate or ethylene or acrylic ester and the like, has good redispersibility, is redispersed into emulsion when contacting water to form stable polymer emulsion again, and has chemical properties completely identical to that of the initial emulsion. After the redispersible rubber powder is dispersed in water, water is evaporated, a polymer film is formed in the dried mortar, and various performances of the mortar are improved. The rubber powder particles fill the cavity of the mortar, so that the compactness of the mortar is increased, and the impact resistance, durability and wear resistance of the mortar are improved; after the redispersible rubber powder is formed into a film, high tensile strength and bonding strength can be formed on different base materials, and the polymer rubber powder formed into the film is used as a reinforcing material to be distributed in the whole mortar system so as to increase the cohesive force of the mortar; the redispersible rubber powder forms a film in the cavity and the surface of the mortar, and the polymer resin adhesive film cannot be dispersed for the second time after meeting water, so that the invasion of water is prevented, and the impermeability is improved.

The building-grade cellulose ether is a general name for a series of products generated by the reaction of alkali cellulose and an etherifying agent under certain conditions. After the cellulose ether is dissolved in the mortar, the surface activity ensures that the cementing material is effectively and uniformly distributed in the system, and the cellulose ether is used as a protective colloid to wrap solid particles and form a layer of lubricating film on the outer surface of the solid particles, so that the mortar system is more stable, and the fluidity of the mortar in the stirring process and the smoothness of construction are improved; the cellulose ether solution enables the moisture in the mortar not to be lost easily due to the characteristics of the molecular structure of the cellulose ether solution, and the cellulose ether solution is released gradually in a long period of time, so that the mortar is endowed with good water retention and workability. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose belongs to a variety of non-ionic cellulose mixed ether, has the characteristics of thickening capacity, salt discharge property, PH stability, water retention property, dimensional stability, excellent film forming property, wide enzyme resistance, dispersibility, adhesiveness and the like, and can be used as a water retention agent and a retarder of cement mortar to enable the mortar to have pumpability. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is used as a bonding enhancer for bonding ceramic tiles, and can also reduce the amount of cement used. Methylcellulose is a nonionic cellulose ether widely used in the construction industry as an admixture for cements, mortars, joint cements, and the like.

The expanding agent is a chemical additive, is added into cement, when the cement is coagulated and hardened, it expands with its volume, and can compensate shrinkage and stretch reinforcing bar to produce prestress and fully fill cement gap, and can be used as mortar impervious layer or mortar moisture-proof layer, mainly comprising alunite expanding agent, calcium sulfoaluminate expanding agent, calcium oxide expanding agent, iron filings expanding agent and calcium oxide-calcium sulfoaluminate composite expanding agent. The alunite expanding agent is formed by grinding natural alunite and anhydrous gypsum, is an expanding agent with proper expansion, and is added with common cement and water to be stirred and then reacts with calcium hydroxide precipitated from calcium silicate to form hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate. When the alunite expands to generate tensile stress, corresponding pressure is generated in the mortar, the early tensile strength of the mortar is improved, the generation process of mortar shrinkage is delayed, and the tensile strength is enough to resist the stress generated by shrinkage, so that shrinkage cracks are prevented, and the porosity is reduced.

Admixtures can be divided into active admixtures and inactive admixtures. The active mineral admixture does not harden or has a slow hardening speed, but can react with cement to generate calcium oxide through hydration to generate hydration products with gelling capacity, such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag powder, zeolite powder, silica fume and the like. The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, the fly ash is main solid waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant, and the fly ash can be recycled, for example, used as an admixture of mortar. The fly ash is doped in the mortar, so that a large amount of cement and fine aggregate are saved; the water consumption is reduced; the workability of the mortar mixture is improved; the pumpability of the mortar is enhanced; the hydration heat and the thermal expansion property are reduced; and the anti-permeability capability of the mortar is improved. The slag micropowder used as a novel admixture for high-performance mortar has the advantages of improving various performances of the mortar, and is characterized in that: the strength of the cement mortar can be greatly improved; the alkali aggregate reaction of the cement mortar can be effectively inhibited, the alkali aggregate reaction resistance of the cement mortar is obviously improved, and the durability of the cement mortar is improved; the bleeding amount of the cement mortar can be obviously reduced, and the workability of the mortar is improved; the compactness of the cement mortar can be obviously improved, and the impermeability of the cement mortar is improved; can obviously reduce the hydration heat of cement mortar and is suitable for preparing large-volume mortar. The slag micropowder equivalently replaces the cement consumption in mortar and cement products with various purposes, and can obviously improve the comprehensive performance of the mortar and the cement products. The silica fume, also called silica fume or micro silica fume, is produced by collecting and treating the fume escaping with the waste gas in the process of smelting industrial silicon and ferrosilicon at high temperature in an industrial electric furnace by a special collecting device, and the silica fume can be used in mortar to improve various performances of the mortar.

Sand is a finely divided stone, one of the main constituent materials of mortar and mortar, and is a bulk material of civil engineering. The sand for building mortar should meet the technical property requirements of the sand for mortar.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise 8-12 parts of cement, 9-10 parts of quartz sand, 0.8-1.5 parts of high molecular polymer, 0.3-0.8 part of construction aid, 0.3-0.8 part of alunite expanding agent, 3-4 parts of admixture and 9-13 parts of sand.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise 10 parts of cement, 9.5 parts of quartz sand, 1 part of high molecular polymer, 0.5 part of construction aid, 0.5 part of alunite expanding agent, 3.3 parts of admixture and 11 parts of sand.

By adopting the technical scheme, the high-molecular polymer glue powder has high bonding strength on different base materials, can prevent water from invading, the construction aid has thickening capacity and can be used as a bonding reinforcing agent for bonding ceramic tiles, and the high-molecular polymer and the construction aid have synergistic action, so that the mortar is waterproof and is firmly bonded; the alunite expands to generate tensile stress, so that the tensile strength of the mortar is improved, and cracks are prevented from appearing in the mortar; and the admixture is added into the mortar, so that the waste utilization is realized.

Further, the redispersible rubber powder is a binary or ternary copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl versatate or ethylene or acrylic ester.

Further, the ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to methylcellulose in the construction aid is 1: 1.

Further, the ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to methylcellulose in the construction aid is 3: 2.

Further, the proportion of the fly ash, the slag micro powder and the silica fume in the admixture is 8: 7: 5.

Further, the proportion of the fly ash, the slag micro powder and the silica fume in the admixture is 15: 10: 8.

Further, the particle size of the sand is not more than 2 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the maximum grain size of the sand is limited due to the thinner mortar layer. The brick masonry is preferably made of medium sand.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar, which has the advantages of simple preparation method and uniform mixing.

In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing cement, quartz sand, high molecular polymer, construction aid, alunite expanding agent, admixture and sand according to the proportion;

(2) and (3) putting the weighed raw materials into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing for 30-50 min to obtain the waterproof, bonding and joint filling three-in-one mortar.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the waterproof, bonding and gap filling three-in-one mortar disclosed by the invention has good waterproof performance and firm bonding, can prevent shrinkage cracks, realizes waste utilization by adding the admixture, and reduces the production cost of the mortar.

Secondly, through the synergistic effect of the acrylic acid redispersible rubber powder and the construction auxiliary agent, the mortar is waterproof and is firmly bonded, the film-formed polymer rubber powder forms high bonding strength on different base materials, the cohesion of the mortar is increased, the invasion of moisture can be prevented, and the waterproof performance of the mortar is improved; the construction aid has thickening ability and is used as an adhesion enhancer for sticking ceramic tiles.

Thirdly, by adding an alunite expanding agent into the mortar, the alunite expands to generate tensile stress, the tensile strength of the mortar is improved, the tensile strength of the mortar is enough to resist the stress generated by shrinkage, and shrinkage cracks are prevented.

Fourthly, the preparation method of the mortar is simple, when the mortar is used, the water adding amount can be adjusted according to requirements, and the construction flow is simplified.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

TABLE 1 content of each raw material in waterproof, adhesive and joint sealing mortar in the examples (unit: kg)