阅读说明：本技术 一种节能型焦罐超温浇筑方法 (Energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for coke tank ) 是由 李洪明 *** 张亮 王飞 蒋秀丽 于 2020-04-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种节能型焦罐超温浇筑方法,焦罐上部直段用高强钢板和加强筋结构组合,下部锥段用框架结构,底闸门增加耐材衬里浇注空间；在焦罐内壁上焊接蝴蝶形锚固钉,在焦罐内部表面用低导热的高分子结合纳米保温板粘贴,再用沥青漆刷漆二遍；然后进行支模；先浇注底闸门和下锥段；浇注完成并固化后再开始斜锥段支模,再进行直段浇注；完成后自然养护、烘烤。本发明解决了原焦罐外壳温度偏高,框架易开裂变形,内衬衬板因高温容易氧化、开裂变形、磨损脱落及衬板繁频的更换的相关问题。(The invention provides an energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for a coke tank, wherein a straight section at the upper part of the coke tank is combined by a high-strength steel plate and a reinforcing rib structure, a conical section at the lower part of the coke tank is combined by a frame structure, and a bottom gate increases the pouring space of a refractory lining; welding butterfly-shaped anchoring nails on the inner wall of the coke tank, adhering the inner surface of the coke tank by using low-heat-conduction polymers to combine with the nano heat-insulation board, and then painting by using asphalt paint for two times; then, formwork supporting is carried out; firstly, pouring a bottom gate and a lower cone section; after the pouring is finished and the solidification is carried out, formwork support of the oblique cone section is started, and then straight section pouring is carried out; and naturally curing and baking. The invention solves the problems that the shell of the original coke tank has high temperature, the frame is easy to crack and deform, the lining plate is easy to oxidize, crack and deform, and is worn and dropped due to high temperature, and the lining plate is frequently replaced.)

1. An energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for a coke tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:

redesigning and transforming the over-focusing tank, wherein a frame structure is not used in the upper straight section, a 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate and a reinforcing rib structure are combined, a frame structure is used in the lower conical section, a 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate is used as a bottom plate, and a refractory lining pouring space is increased by a bottom gate;

welding butterfly-shaped anchoring nails on the inner wall of the coke tank according to the size of 200 multiplied by 160mm, and checking and accepting by a hammering method;

bonding a low-heat-conduction polymer-bonded nano insulation board by 10mm on the inner surface of the coke pot, welding a heat-resistant tortoise shell net with the diameter of H =10mm on the surface of the insulation board on a butterfly-shaped anchoring nail, and firmly welding; then brushing the paint twice by using asphalt paint; then, formwork supporting is carried out;

firstly, pouring a bottom gate and a lower cone section; the bottom gate is poured by the hard armor special pouring material with the thickness of 100mm, an expansion gap is arranged according to the size of 600 multiplied by 1000mm during pouring, and the bottom gate is filled with 5mm ceramic fiber paper;

after the pouring is finished and the die is solidified, formwork support of the oblique cone section is started, the thickness is 100mm, the height of the die plate is 600mm, the die is poured by the special hard armor pouring material, after the pouring is finished, expansion gaps are formed on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper, and the length expansion gaps are arranged at intervals of 1000mm during the pouring; after the pouring is finished, the second formwork supporting pouring standards are the same until the pouring of the oblique cone section is finished;

after the pouring is finished, straight section pouring is carried out, the height of the template is 600mm, the thickness is 60-80 mm according to the pouring of a special pouring material of a hard-shell coke tank for the straight section at the upper part of the coke tank, the first mold can be poured after the template is supported, an expansion gap is required to be arranged in the length direction according to 1000mm and is filled with 5mm ceramic fiber paper during the pouring, the expansion gap is also arranged on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper after the pouring is finished, the second mold can be supported and poured again after the pouring is finished, and the standard is the same until the straight section is completely poured;

after the natural curing is finished, demoulding is carried out after 24h, and the baking can be carried out after the demoulding and the natural curing for 48 h; baking the coke pot to 260 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8 hours.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coke dry quenching coke ovens, in particular to an energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for a coke tank.

Background

The coke dry quenching tank used in the prior art is of a frame structure and takes a nodular cast iron plate and a heat-resistant cast steel plate as linings. Because the heat conductivity coefficient of iron is high, the temperature of the shell reaches more than 600 ℃ in the production process, the shell frame is easy to crack and deform due to high temperature, the shell strength is reduced, and the continuous operation of the dry quenching furnace is influenced. The lining nodular cast iron plate and the heat-resistant cast steel plate are easy to oxidize, crack, deform and wear and fall due to high temperature, generally, the lining nodular cast iron plate and the heat-resistant cast steel plate need to be replaced once after being used for three to four months, a lining plate falls in a dry quenching furnace, a rotary sealing valve is blocked in the dry quenching furnace to influence production, burning of a sealing valve motor and scalding accidents of maintainers occur, and potential safety hazards such as gas poisoning exist. Because the coke tank is of an all-steel structure, the temperature of the shell of the coke tank is as high as more than 600 ℃ during operation, so that the environmental temperature is increased, and because gaps exist among the lining plates, a large amount of air can enter the coke tank through the gaps of the lining plates, red coke is combusted, the loss of coke is increased, the labor intensity of workers is increased due to frequent replacement of the lining plates, and serious economic burden is brought to enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for a coke tank, which solves the related problems that the original coke tank shell is high in temperature, the frame is easy to crack and deform, the lining plate is easy to oxidize, crack and deform, is worn and falls off due to high temperature, and the lining plate is frequently replaced.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

an energy-saving type over-temperature pouring method for a coke tank comprises the following steps:

redesigning and transforming the over-focusing tank, wherein a frame structure is not used in the upper straight section, a 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate and a reinforcing rib structure are combined, a frame structure is used in the lower conical section, a 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate is used as a bottom plate, and a refractory lining pouring space is increased by a bottom gate;

welding butterfly-shaped anchoring nails on the inner wall of the coke tank according to the size of 200 multiplied by 160mm, and checking and accepting by a hammering method;

bonding a low-heat-conduction polymer-bonded nano insulation board by 10mm on the inner surface of the coke pot, welding a heat-resistant tortoise shell net with the diameter of H =10mm on the surface of the insulation board on a butterfly-shaped anchoring nail, and firmly welding; then brushing the paint twice by using asphalt paint; then, formwork supporting is carried out;

firstly, pouring a bottom gate and a lower cone section; the bottom gate is poured by the hard armor special pouring material with the thickness of 100mm, an expansion gap is arranged according to the size of 600 multiplied by 1000mm during pouring, and the bottom gate is filled with 5mm ceramic fiber paper;

after the pouring is finished and the die is solidified, the oblique cone section formwork support is started, the thickness is also 100mm, the height of the formwork is 600mm, the formwork support is poured by the special hard armor pouring material, after the pouring is finished, expansion gaps are formed on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper, and the length expansion gaps are arranged at intervals of 1000mm during the pouring; after the pouring is finished, the second formwork supporting pouring standards are the same until the pouring of the oblique cone section is finished;

after the pouring is finished, straight section pouring is carried out, the height of the template is 600mm, the thickness is 60-80 mm according to the pouring of a special pouring material of a hard-shell coke tank for the straight section at the upper part of the coke tank, the first mold can be poured after the template is supported, an expansion gap is required to be arranged in the length direction according to 1000mm and is filled with 5mm ceramic fiber paper during the pouring, the expansion gap is also arranged on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper after the pouring is finished, the second mold can be supported and poured again after the pouring is finished, and the standard is the same until the straight section is completely poured;

after the natural curing is finished, demoulding is carried out after 24h, and the baking can be carried out after the demoulding and the natural curing for 48 h; baking the coke pot to 260 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8 hours.

By redesigning and modifying the coke tank in the prior art, the invention solves the problems that the shell of the original coke tank has higher temperature, the frame is easy to crack and deform, the lining plate is easy to oxidize, crack and deform, wear and drop due to high temperature and the lining plate is frequently replaced. After the original lining plate is changed into the casting material, the integral dense characteristic is reflected by the integral casting, the bonding strength of the refractory material is higher, the wear-resisting property is excellent, the production accident that the lining plate falls off to cause the blockage of the rotary sealing valve is avoided, and the production safety and the production continuity are greatly guaranteed. The environment-friendly and energy-saving characteristics of the refractory material are embodied, the coke tank is basically free of maintenance in the service cycle, the labor of workers is greatly reduced, the production cost is saved for enterprises, and the service cycle is longer than 12 months. Because the refractory lining has good integrity and heat preservation, the refractory lining can not fall off, the burning loss rate of coke is reduced, and the temperature of the outer wall can be reduced to about 180 ℃. The heat conductivity coefficient and the low heat-insulating property of the refractory material are excellent, the service life of the coke tank can be greatly prolonged, the operation period is prolonged, and the income and efficiency improvement of enterprises can be realized. Meanwhile, the coke oven casting material repair method has the advantages that the repair is convenient, the local erosion of the refractory lining is possibly caused by various reasons in the normal use process and needs to be repaired seriously, the coke oven needs to be temporarily off-line when the temperature in the coke oven is reduced to the temperature which can be born by the human body, the casting material sintered layer is manually knocked off by using a steel chisel or a small electric pick, the special coke oven repair material which is mixed in advance is used for manual smearing, and the smearing thickness is slightly higher than the periphery. And naturally curing for 48 hours, and then putting the cable on line for use.

The invention has the following effects and advantages:

1. after the original lining plate is changed into the special casting material for the SA-jiajiajia coke tank, the large blocks can not fall off, and only a small amount of abrasion is generated. The problems that the temperature of the shell of the original coke tank is higher, the frame is easy to crack and deform, the lining plate is easy to oxidize, crack and deform, and is worn and dropped due to high temperature, and the service life of the frequently replaced coke tank is short are solved. Therefore, the production accident that the lining plate blocks the rotary sealing valve is avoided, and great guarantee is brought to production safety and production continuity.

2. The improved novel coke tank is basically maintenance-free in the service life, the labor intensity of workers can be greatly reduced, the material cost and labor cost for replacing the lining plate can be greatly reduced, the maintenance time can be shortened, the continuous production of enterprises is powerfully guaranteed, and the service cycle is generally 12 months.

3. Because the refractory lining has low heat conductivity coefficient and good heat preservation performance, the surface temperature of the coke tank can be reduced to about 180 ℃, the service life of the coke tank can be greatly prolonged, the labor environment of workers is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the cost of enterprises is saved, and the economic benefit of the enterprises is improved.

4. Because the lining is durable, the wholeness is good, and the air can't get into inside the coke drum. Therefore, the burning loss rate of the red coke can be reduced, and favorable conditions are created for increasing production and saving of enterprises.

5. And the maintenance is convenient, and if local abrasion occurs in the production process at ordinary times, the coke tank is temporarily taken off line, and after the temperature is cooled, the local abrasion part is repaired by the baking-free quick-repair material of the coke tank matched with the applicant. The repairing material can be used after being cured for 24 hours after being repaired, so that the repairing time is shortened, and reliable guarantee is provided for continuous production and safe operation of enterprises.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the coke drum shell structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The specific technical scheme of the invention is described by combining the embodiment.

Through carrying out redesign transformation to present territory coke drum, the straight section of upper portion no longer uses frame construction, directly with 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate with strengthening rib structure mode, the lower part conic section continues to use frame construction because of the needs of bearing, gets rid of former welt and makes the bottom plate with 10mmQ345 high-strength steel plate to reform transform bottom gate, increase refractory lining pouring space. After the coke tank shell is reformed, firstly, butterfly-shaped anchoring nails are welded on the inner wall of the coke tank according to the thickness of 200 multiplied by 160mm, the welding is required to be firm, and the hammer blow method is used for acceptance inspection. After the process is finished, the inner surface of the coke pot is adhered by 10mm through the low-heat-conduction polymer combined nanometer heat-insulation board, in order to ensure the bonding strength of the heat-insulation board and the refractory material, the surface of the heat-insulation board is welded on the butterfly-shaped anchoring nail through the H =10mm heat-resistant tortoise shell net, and the welding is firm. And then brushing the paint twice by using asphalt paint to ensure the expansion allowance, and then performing formwork erecting.

The bottom gate and the lower cone section are first poured. The bottom gate is cast by a special SA-hard armor casting material developed by the applicant for 100mm thickness, an expansion gap is arranged according to 600 multiplied by 1000mm during casting, and the bottom gate is filled by 5mm ceramic fiber paper. And after the pouring is finished and the solidification is carried out, the inclined cone section formwork supporting is started, and the thickness is also 100 mm. The height of the template is 600mm, the template is poured by using SA-hard armor special pouring material produced by the applicant after the template is supported, expansion gaps are arranged on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper after the pouring is finished, and the length expansion gaps are arranged at intervals of 1000mm during the pouring. And after the pouring is finished, continuing the formwork support pouring standard of the second formwork until the pouring of the oblique cone section is finished. And after the pouring is finished, straight section pouring is carried out, the height of the template is 600mm, the thickness of the template is 60-80 mm according to the design of an applicant, the straight section at the upper part of the coke tank is poured by using a special pouring material of an SA-jia coke tank of the applicant, the first mold can be poured after the template is supported, an expansion joint is required to be arranged in the length direction according to 1000mm and is filled with 5mm ceramic fiber paper during pouring, the expansion joint is also arranged on the surface of the pouring material by using 5mm ceramic fiber paper after the pouring is finished, the second mold can be supported and poured again after the pouring is finished, and the standard is the same until the straight section is completely poured. And (5) demolding after natural curing for 24h, and baking after demolding and natural curing for 48 h. The coke pot is baked to 260 ℃ and is used after being kept at the constant temperature for 8 hours.

The special castable for the SA-jiajia coke pot of the applicant adopts high-purity high-alumina material, cordierite and mullite granular material as main raw materials, and the synthetic reaction is carried out on a dry quenching coke pot at different temperatures in the operation process. The substrate can form a compact network structure after high-temperature sintering, and the quantity and viscosity of liquid phase in the product sintering and re-sintering processes are controlled by adding the proportion of the polymer nano additive, so as to achieve the aim of enriching Al₂O₃The forming speed and the total amount of the mullite solid solution are increased, and the high-temperature performance of the product is improved; meanwhile, low-cement mixing is adopted for combination, so that the calcium content of the product in the high-temperature synthesis process is reduced, the high-temperature performance of the product is ensured, and the thermal shock resistance stability of the product can be obviously improved.

The scheme of the invention is adopted to carry out experiments after a 140/h coke tank is transformed and poured in a Sichuan Daxing energy coking plant. Through carrying out redesign transformation to present territory coke drum, the straight section in upper portion no longer uses frame construction, directly makes the jar body with 10mmQ345 high-strength steel board, every interval 800mm in the direction of height makes the strengthening rib structural style with No. 8 channel-section steels, and the lower part conic section continues to use frame construction because of the needs of bearing, gets rid of former welt and uses 10mmQ345 high-strength steel board to make the bottom plate to reform transform the end floodgate, increase resistant material lining pouring space. After the coke tank shell is reformed, butterfly-shaped anchoring nails are welded on the inner wall of the coke tank according to the welding ratio of 200x160mm, the welding must be firm, and the hammer blow method is used for acceptance inspection. Simultaneously in order to reduce coke drum shell temperature increase resistant material inflation space, paste 10mm with the polymer combination nanometer heated board of low heat conduction on coke drum internal surface, in order to ensure the bonding strength of heated board and resistant material, weld on butterfly anchor nail with the heat-resisting tortoise shell net of H =10mm on the heated board surface to the welding is firm. Painting asphalt paint for two times to ensure the expansion allowance, and then performing formwork casting of unshaped refractory; according to the applicant, the upper straight section of the coke tank is designed to be cast by 80mm by using the special casting material of the SA-jiajia coke tank of the applicant, the lower conical section and the bottom gate are cast by 90mm by using the special casting material of the SA-jia coke tank of the applicant, and an expansion gap is reserved according to 600 multiplied by 1000mm during casting. Curing at normal temperature for 2 days, baking to 260 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 8 hours.

The key technology of the invention is as follows:

1. structure innovation of coke tank shell

As shown in FIG. 1, the frame is adjusted by adopting the following structure after the transformation and innovation of the invention: namely H50-60 mm butterfly-shaped anchoring nails, phi 10mm polymer combined nanometer insulation boards, phi 10mm tortoise shell nets and phi 60-80 mm SA-jiajiajia coke cans special casting materials are integrally formed.

Because the space of the coke pot is occupied by changing the lining plate into the refractory castable, the coke pot must be firstly modified. With the straight section redesign in coke drum upper portion, change former frame construction into the structure of 10mm steel sheet with the strengthening rib, adopt No. 8 channel-section steels for guaranteeing coke drum intensity strengthening rib, the interval is 800 ~ 1000 mm. The lower conical section adopts former frame to add the bottom plate structure, and 8 ~ 10 mm's high-strength steel board is used to the bottom plate, and the end gate adopts former structure to increase resistant material pouring space.

Welding butterfly-shaped anchoring nails inside the coke tank according to the size of 200 multiplied by 160 mm; the butterfly-shaped anchoring nail is 60-80 mm in height according to different parts, and welding must be firm, and the hammering method is used for acceptance inspection.

2. The refractory material and the heat-insulating layer are recombined

In order to reduce the temperature of the shell of the coke tank and increase the expansion space of the refractory material, the inner surface of the coke tank is adhered by 10mm by using a low-heat-conduction polymer combined nanometer heat-insulation plate, and meanwhile, in order to ensure the bonding strength of the heat-insulation plate and the refractory material, the surface of the heat-insulation plate is welded on a butterfly-shaped anchoring nail by using a H =10mm heat-resistant tortoise shell net, and the heat-insulation plate is firmly welded. Painting asphalt paint for two times to ensure the expansion allowance, and then performing formwork casting of unshaped refractory; according to the applicant design, the upper straight section of the coke tank is poured by using the applicant's special castable for SA-hard coke tanks by 60-80mm, and the lower conical section and the bottom gate are poured by 100mm by adopting the special pouring material of the SA-jiajiajia coke tank of the applicant. The special castable for the SA-jiajiajia coke tank of the applicant adopts high-purity high-alumina material, cordierite and mullite granular material as main raw materials, and the synthetic reaction is carried out on a dry quenching coke tank at different temperatures in the operation process. The substrate can form a compact network structure after high-temperature sintering, and the quantity and viscosity of liquid phase in the product sintering and re-sintering processes are controlled by adding the proportion of the polymer nano additive, so as to achieve the aim of enriching Al₂O₃The forming speed and the total amount of the mullite solid solution are increased, and the high-temperature performance of the product is improved; meanwhile, low-cement mixing is adopted for combination, so that the calcium content of the product in the high-temperature synthesis process is reduced, the high-temperature performance of the product is ensured, and the thermal shock resistance stability of the product can be obviously improved.

The conventional product adopts common alumina aggregate as a main material, generally has low purity and high impurity content, contains more alkali metal oxides, easily forms a glass phase in the sintering process, seriously influences the high-temperature resistance and the thermal shock stability of a lining material, is changed into nano mullite grains by adding a high-molecular nano material into the high-purity material, is sintered and dehydrated at high temperature, plays a crystal nucleus role while forming the mullite grains, can promote the generation of columnar mullite to generate a bridging effect similar to crystal whiskers, provides a foundation for completing toughening, and can generate a grain dispersion effect similar to the grain dispersion effect, so that the toughness and the thermal shock resistance of the rapid change resistant rigid amorphous refractory material are improved, and meanwhile, the wear resistance of the refractory material is effectively enhanced because the refractory material generates a mullite crystal phase.

(1) Optimizing raw materials used by the product:

firstly, selecting refractory raw materials with good performance for optimal combination, wherein the used proportioning materials are as follows: high-purity high-aluminum aggregate, cordierite, mullite granules and the like, and improves the wear resistance of the product.

Secondly, the high-aluminum aggregate and the mullite granule are selected to mainly improve the high-temperature resistance and the bonding strength of the product.

And thirdly, adding cordierite +, silicon and additives to improve the cold and hot shock resistance of the product and reduce the heat conductivity of the product.

(2) Optimizing the composite structure of the refractory

Firstly, welding a 'butterfly-shaped' anchoring nail which is independently innovated by an applicant as a supporting piece in the coke tank according to a size of 200 multiplied by 160mm, wherein the 'butterfly-shaped' anchoring nail has the characteristics of high structural supporting strength, low thermal conductivity and easiness in welding;

secondly, adhering the low-heat-conduction polymer-bonded nano insulation board to the surface of the inner wall layer of the coke tank by 10mm, and welding the surface of the insulation board on the butterfly-shaped anchoring nail by using a heat-resistant tortoise-shell net with the thickness of H =10mm in order to ensure the bonding strength of the insulation board and the refractory material, wherein the heat-resistant tortoise-shell net is firmly welded. Painting asphalt paint for two times to ensure the expansion allowance, and then performing formwork casting of unshaped refractory;

(3) and the castable is subjected to particle grading optimization, and meanwhile, the polymer nano additive is added, so that the high-temperature strength and the thermal shock stability of the refractory are greatly improved, and a long-life gene is provided for the coke tank.

(4) The applicant is specially designed to paste low-heat-conduction polymer combined nanometer heat-insulation boards on the inner wall of the tank shell for heat insulation. Therefore, the temperature of the original tank shell is reduced to below 180 ℃ at once from more than 600 ℃, and a powerful guarantee is provided for long-term use of the coke tank, environmental protection, energy conservation and improvement of economic benefits of enterprises.