阅读说明：本技术 一种废弃马铃薯渣制备生物基纺织浆料的方法 (Method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues ) 是由 陈香云 袁灿 王梦瑶 邱云鹏 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废弃马铃薯渣制备生物基纺织浆料的方法,将废弃马铃薯渣中的淀粉、纤维素逐步分离提取,通过将淀粉和纤维素分别进行改性,改性后的淀粉、纤维素、乳化蜡按比例混合,通过均质处理,制取生物基纺织浆料。本发明所述的一种废弃马铃薯渣制备生物基纺织浆料的方法,其操作简单,对马铃薯渣利用率高,节能环保,有效解决了如何将废弃马铃薯渣中有用成分提取再利用的问题。(The invention discloses a method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues, which comprises the steps of gradually separating and extracting starch and cellulose in the waste potato residues, respectively modifying the starch and the cellulose, mixing the modified starch, the modified cellulose and emulsifying wax in proportion, and homogenizing to prepare the bio-based textile slurry. The method for preparing the bio-based textile slurry from the waste potato residues is simple to operate, high in utilization rate of the potato residues, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and effectively solves the problem of how to extract and recycle useful components in the waste potato residues.)

1. A method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) preparing the wet potato residue into dry potato residue by a drying machine, and preparing the dry potato residue into dry potato residue powder with the particle size of 20-100 mu m by a grinding machine for storage;

2) stirring and mixing the dry potato residue powder and pure water, preparing potato residue slurry through a slurry mill, wherein the mass ratio of the dry potato residue powder to the pure water is 1:1, adding the potato residue slurry into a high-pressure homogenizer, homogenizing at the speed of 15000r/min for 10min, and detecting the contents of protein and starch in the potato residue slurry;

3) filling the potato residue slurry after the homogenization treatment into a filter bag with 150 meshes for filtering, injecting pure water into the filter bag in the filtering process, stirring the potato residue slurry at a constant speed until the filtrate becomes clear, preparing potato starch dry powder from the obtained filtrate through precipitation, dehydration and drying, and weighing the mass of the starch dry powder;

4) putting the filter residue obtained in the step 3) into a reaction kettle, injecting pure water with the mass 3 times of that of the filter residue into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to be alkalescent, adding protease with the mass 5% of that of the protein, hydrolyzing for 6 hours under the constant temperature condition, hydrolyzing the protein into amino acid and washing with the pure water;

5) stirring and heating the reaction kettle under the action of steam pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa for 15-30 min to fully gelatinize the raw materials, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to be subacidity, adding high-temperature resistant amylase accounting for 1% of the mass of residual starch, hydrolyzing for 1h at 85-100 ℃, hydrolyzing the starch into maltose and glucose, and washing with pure water;

6) washing the product obtained in the step 5) with pure water, filtering, adding ethanol with the concentration of 95%, stirring, sealing, soaking for 30min to dissolve pectin, performing primary centrifugal filtration treatment, and dehydrating and drying the obtained filter residue to obtain cellulose dry powder;

7) uniformly mixing the potato starch dry powder obtained in the step 3) with dimethyl carbonate and pure water, wherein the mass ratio of the potato starch dry powder to the dimethyl carbonate to the pure water is 32:3:15, then placing the mixture in a 60 Co-gamma radiation field, intermittently performing microwave irradiation for 3min under the conditions of radiation dose of 6kGy and radiation dose rate of 10Gy/min, and drying, crushing and centrifugally extracting to obtain cationic grafted starch;

8) preparing cellulose ether from the cellulose dry powder obtained in the step 6) by an etherification process;

9) putting the cationic grafted starch, cellulose ether and emulsifying wax into a reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the cationic grafted starch to the cellulose ether to the emulsifying wax is 50:10:3, and stirring and heating for 3 hours under the action of steam pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa to prepare gelatinized slurry;

10) and (3) cooling the slurry obtained in the step 9) to room temperature, then adding the slurry into a high-pressure homogenizer for homogenizing treatment for 30min, and then carrying out vacuum sealing and packaging to obtain the bio-based textile slurry.

2. The method for preparing bio-based textile pulp from waste potato pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the whole process of the steps 4) and 5) is carried out under the condition of stirring.

3. The method for preparing bio-based textile pulp from waste potato pulp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), the content of starch and protein is determined by an acid method and an enzyme method.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textile size, in particular to a method for preparing bio-based textile size from waste potato pulp.

Background

The research of China in the aspect of potato starch processing is relatively extensive, but some byproducts of production and processing, such as potato residues and potato juice, are inevitably generated in the potato starch processing process. On average 6.5 tons of potatoes are required for producing 1 ton of starch and 20 tons of waste water, 5 tons of wet waste residue are produced. In the known technology, the potato residue is generally used for livestock feed, but the potato residue has high crude fiber content and low protein content, so that the palatability is poor, and the nutritional ingredients are not beneficial to the absorption and growth of livestock; the potato residue contains water with a content of 90 percent and also contains a large amount of starch, protein, pectin and cellulose, is a good growth hotbed for microorganisms, so that the potato residue is difficult to store and transport and is easy to decay, and if the potato residue is directly abandoned or buried, a large amount of inorganic salt in the potato residue can cause pollution to soil and underground water, so that the urgent need exists for finding a way for immediate resource utilization.

The textile sizing agent is an organic substance with general colloid property, can be dissolved or expanded in water to form viscous and plastic paste, is coated on a textile thread in the textile process to improve the performance of the textile thread, prevents the textile thread from being broken and fluffed due to mutual friction in the textile process, needs to be removed after the textile is finished, is a chemical product such as PVA and the like, has certain toxicity and is not easy to degrade, so the invention is necessary to invent biological non-toxic and easily degradable biological textile sizing agent.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the problems, the method for preparing the bio-based textile slurry from the waste potato residues is simple to operate, high in potato residue utilization rate, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the problem of how to extract and recycle useful components in the waste potato residues is effectively solved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) preparing the wet potato residue into dry potato residue by a drying machine, and preparing the dry potato residue into dry potato residue powder with the particle size of 20-100 mu m by a grinding machine for storage;

2) stirring and mixing the dry potato residue powder and pure water, preparing potato residue slurry through a slurry mill, wherein the mass ratio of the dry potato residue powder to the pure water is 1:1, adding the potato residue slurry into a high-pressure homogenizer, homogenizing at the speed of 15000r/min for 10min, and detecting the contents of protein and starch in the potato residue slurry;

3) filling the potato residue slurry after the homogenization treatment into a filter bag with 150 meshes for filtering, injecting pure water into the filter bag in the filtering process, stirring the potato residue slurry at a constant speed until the filtrate becomes clear, preparing potato starch dry powder from the obtained filtrate through precipitation, dehydration and drying, and weighing the mass of the starch dry powder;

4) putting the filter residue obtained in the step 3) into a reaction kettle, injecting pure water with the mass 3 times of that of the filter residue into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to be alkalescent, adding protease with the mass 5% of that of the protein, hydrolyzing for 6 hours under the constant temperature condition, hydrolyzing the protein into amino acid and washing with the pure water;

5) stirring and heating the reaction kettle under the action of steam pressure of 0.5-0.8 MPa for 15-30 min to fully gelatinize the raw materials, adjusting the pH value in the reaction kettle to be subacidity, adding high-temperature resistant amylase accounting for 1% of the mass of residual starch, hydrolyzing for 1h at 85-100 ℃, hydrolyzing the starch into maltose and glucose, and washing with pure water;

6) washing the product obtained in the step 5) with pure water, filtering, adding ethanol with the concentration of 95%, stirring, sealing, soaking for 30min to dissolve pectin, performing primary centrifugal filtration treatment, and dehydrating and drying the obtained filter residue to obtain cellulose dry powder;

7) uniformly mixing the potato starch dry powder obtained in the step 3) with dimethyl carbonate and pure water, wherein the mass ratio of the potato starch dry powder to the dimethyl carbonate to the pure water is 32:3:15, then placing the mixture in a 60 Co-gamma radiation field, intermittently performing microwave irradiation for 3min under the conditions of radiation dose of 6kGy and radiation dose rate of 10Gy/min, and drying, crushing and centrifugally extracting to obtain cationic grafted starch;

8) preparing cellulose ether from the cellulose dry powder obtained in the step 6) by an etherification process;

9) putting the cationic grafted starch, cellulose ether and emulsifying wax into a reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the cationic grafted starch to the cellulose ether to the emulsifying wax is 50:10:3, and stirring and heating for 3 hours under the action of steam pressure of 0.3-0.5 MPa to prepare gelatinized slurry;

10) and (3) cooling the slurry obtained in the step 9) to room temperature, then adding the slurry into a high-pressure homogenizer for homogenizing treatment for 30min, and then carrying out vacuum sealing and packaging to obtain the bio-based textile slurry.

Further, the whole processes of the steps 4) and 5) are carried out under stirring conditions.

Further, in the step 2), the content of starch and protein is determined by an acid method and an enzyme method.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a method for preparing bio-based textile slurry from waste potato residues is characterized in that the waste potato residues are dried and made into powder, so that the waste potato residues are favorable for long-time storage and are not easy to deteriorate, and the area of a field occupied by the stacked potato residues is reduced; adding water into the dry potato residue powder, grinding the dry potato residue powder into slurry, measuring the content of starch and protein, homogenizing the potato residue slurry, washing with pure water and continuously stirring, thereby greatly improving the extraction rate of starch; residual starch and protein are removed by using hydrolase, pectin is removed by using 95% ethanol for soaking, the purity of cellulose powder is greatly improved, and the protein and the pectin can be recycled by extracting through a simple process; the polarity, flexibility and monomer introduction of the textile size prepared by mixing the cationic grafted starch, the cellulose ether and the emulsifying wax can be obviously improved, the adhesion force of the pure cotton roving strips and the polyester cotton roving strips and the wear resistance of the yarns are obviously improved, the tensile breaking strength and the breaking elongation of the size film are greatly improved compared with those of the original starch size film, and the size has the characteristics of good water solubility, good adhesion force to hydrophilic fibers, no skin formation, no bubbling, easy desizing and easy biodegradation; the potato residue extracting and recycling device is reasonable in structure, simple to operate, high in potato residue utilization rate, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and the problem of how to extract and recycle useful components in waste potato residues is effectively solved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples.