阅读说明：本技术 一种弹性固定器及换热器管头的胀接方法 (Elastic fixer and expansion joint method of heat exchanger tube head ) 是由 李�权 朱强 吴立华 乐有树 康国坡 张宇 张冰洁 黎崇亮 刘永福 黄芳艳 于 2021-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种弹性固定器及换热器管头的胀接方法,涉及换热器管头胀接技术领域,该弹性固定器包括：第一管件；安装部,与第一管件固定连接,安装部用于与机器人连接；第二管件,设置于所述第一管件内,第二管件的内径与胀管机尺寸匹配；弹性部件,一端与所述第二管件固定连接,所述弹性部件的另一端与所述第一管件固定连接；以及固定装置,用于将所述胀管机与所述第二管件进行固定。将胀管机安装到弹性固定器的第二管件内,弹性部件将第二管件固定到第一管件上,使胀管机与机器人实现弹性连接。当换管板的管孔存在加工偏差时,利用弹性固定器对定位偏差进行修补,能够使胀管器与管孔保持同轴,避免了换热管在胀管时发生机械损伤。(The invention discloses an elastic fixer and an expansion joint method of a heat exchanger tube head, relating to the technical field of expansion joint of the heat exchanger tube head, wherein the elastic fixer comprises: a first pipe member; the mounting part is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting and is used for being connected with the robot; the second pipe fitting is arranged in the first pipe fitting, and the inner diameter of the second pipe fitting is matched with the size of the pipe expander; one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the second pipe fitting, and the other end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting; and the fixing device is used for fixing the pipe expander and the second pipe fitting. And the pipe expander is arranged in the second pipe fitting of the elastic fixer, and the elastic component fixes the second pipe fitting to the first pipe fitting so as to realize elastic connection between the pipe expander and the robot. When the pipe hole of the pipe replacing plate has processing deviation, the elastic fixer is used for repairing the positioning deviation, so that the pipe expander and the pipe hole are coaxial, and the mechanical damage of the heat exchanging pipe during pipe expanding is avoided.)

1. An elastic fixator, comprising:

a first pipe member;

the mounting part is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting and is used for being connected with a robot;

the second pipe fitting is arranged in the first pipe fitting, and the inner diameter of the second pipe fitting is matched with the size of the pipe expander;

one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the second pipe fitting, and the other end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting; and

and the fixing device is used for fixing the pipe expander and the second pipe fitting.

2. The elastic fixer according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member is a spring plate, one end of the spring plates are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe member, and the other end of the spring plates are uniformly arranged on the inner circumference of the first pipe member.

3. The elastic fastener of claim 2, wherein the number of the spring pieces is three, and the three spring pieces are arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe member at intervals of 120 °.

4. The elastic fixator of claim 2 or 3 further comprising an adjusting device disposed on the first tube, wherein the spring plate is fixedly connected to the adjusting device, and the adjusting device is configured to adjust the degree of tightness of the spring plate.

5. The elastic fastener of claim 4, wherein the adjustment means is an adjustment bolt.

6. The resilient mounting of claim 1 wherein said mounting portion is a connecting flange secured to the circumference of said first tubular member.

7. An elastic fixture according to claim 1, wherein the fixing means are fastening bolts.

8. The expansion joint method of the heat exchanger pipe head is characterized by comprising the following steps:

installing the elastic fixer on a robot, then installing the tube expander on the elastic fixer, and then installing the tube expander on a clamping head of the tube expander;

installing the heat exchange tube in the tube hole of the tube plate;

driving the robot to move, enabling the tube expander to be coaxial with the heat exchange tube, completing the reference positioning of the heat exchange tube, compiling a tube expansion program of the heat exchange tube, and compiling all the tube expansion programs by utilizing a robot translation instruction after debugging is completed;

starting the robot to enable the tip of the tube expander to be inserted into the heat exchange tube, and carrying out tube expansion work on the heat exchange tube by the tube expander;

and after the tube expansion work of the single heat exchange tube is finished, driving the tube expander to perform tube expansion work on the rest heat exchange tubes on the tube plate by using the robot.

9. The method for expanding the heat exchanger tube head according to claim 8, wherein the robot is a six-axis robot so as to facilitate the robot to control the tube expander to be vertical to the tube plate.

10. The expansion joint method of the heat exchanger tube head as claimed in claim 8, wherein after the benchmark positioning of the heat exchange tube is completed, the remaining tube holes are positioned according to the drawing size of the tube holes in the tube plate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger tube head expansion joint, in particular to an elastic fixer and an expansion joint method of a heat exchanger tube head.

Background

In the related art, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger has a tube expansion process during equipment manufacturing, the tube expansion is divided into mechanical tube expansion and hydraulic tube expansion, and most of the tube expansion adopts mechanical tube expansion. The tube expansion is that a certain pressure is generated in a tube hole by a tube expander to expand the diameter of the tube, the expanded tube generates plastic deformation, a tube plate is mainly in an elastic state, and the tube wall and the tube hole generate residual contact pressure due to uneven deformation in the expansion process to ensure that the tube and the tube plate are firmly and tightly contacted, so that a gap between the tube and the tube plate is eliminated or reduced, the sealing of the tube opening is improved, and the corrosion of the tube opening is reduced.

The existing pipe expanding method mainly comprises the operation of holding a pipe expander by a hand or a semi-automatic mechanical pipe expander, aligning pipe holes by manually operating the pipe expander, and expanding pipes according to set pipe expanding parameters.

The operation of the traditional hand-held pipe expander or the semi-automatic mechanical hand-held pipe expander has the following defects: the tube expander is heavy, the hand-held labor intensity is high, and the speed is low. The robot has high tube expanding speed and has the following defects: when the pipe holes are machined by using a drilling machine, the center distance of the machined holes can have deviation no matter a common drilling machine or a numerical control drilling machine, the deviation value of each hole is irregular, and the allowable deviation value is specified in detail in the national standard GB151 shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The robot expanded joint adopts standard programming, cannot adjust the deviation of each hole, is rigid machinery with the pipe expander and is easy to cause mechanical damage to the pipe when the central axis of the pipe expander and the central axis of the pipe hole have deviation.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides an elastic fixer which can correct the processing deviation of pipe holes and avoid the pipe head from mechanical damage.

The invention also provides an expanded connection method of the heat exchanger tube head, which ensures that the tube expander is coaxial with the tube hole and avoids the tube head from mechanical damage.

An elastic holder according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a first pipe member; the mounting part is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting and is used for being connected with a robot; the second pipe fitting is arranged in the first pipe fitting, and the inner diameter of the second pipe fitting is matched with the size of the pipe expander; one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the second pipe fitting, and the other end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting; and the fixing device is used for fixing the pipe expander and the second pipe fitting.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the elastic member is a spring piece, one end of the spring pieces are uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe, and the other end of the spring pieces are uniformly arranged on the inner circumference of the first pipe.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the number of the spring pieces is three, and the three spring pieces are arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe member at intervals of 120 °.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the adjusting device is disposed on the first pipe, the spring plate is fixedly connected to the adjusting device, and the adjusting device is configured to adjust a degree of tightness of the spring plate.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the adjustment means is an adjustment bolt.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the mounting portion is a connecting flange fixed to a circumference of the first pipe member.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the fixing means is a fastening bolt.

The elastic fixator in the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: and installing the pipe expander into a second pipe fitting of the elastic fixer, and fixing the second pipe fitting to the first pipe fitting by using the elastic component to enable the pipe expander to be elastically connected with the robot. When the pipe holes on the pipe plate have machining deviation, the alignment position of the robot slightly deviates from the theoretical position. The elastic fixer enables the tube expander to be elastically connected with the robot, the positioning deviation is repaired by the elastic fixer, the tube expander and the tube expander can be coaxial, and mechanical damage of the heat exchange tube during tube expansion is avoided.

The method for expanding and connecting the heat exchanger tube head in the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises the following steps:

installing an elastic fixer on a robot, then installing a pipe expander on the elastic fixer, and then installing the pipe expander on a chuck of the pipe expander;

installing the heat exchange tube in the tube hole of the tube plate;

driving the robot to move, enabling the tube expander to be coaxial with the heat exchange tube, completing the reference positioning of the heat exchange tube, compiling a tube expansion program of the heat exchange tube, and compiling all the tube expansion programs by utilizing a robot translation instruction after debugging is completed;

starting the robot to enable the tip of the tube expander to be inserted into the heat exchange tube, and carrying out tube expansion work on the heat exchange tube by the tube expander;

and after the tube expansion work of the single heat exchange tube is finished, driving the tube expander to perform tube expansion work on the rest heat exchange tubes on the tube plate by using the robot.

According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the robot is a six-axis robot, which facilitates the robot to control the expander to be perpendicular to the tube sheet.

According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, after the reference positioning of the heat exchange pipe is completed, the remaining pipe holes are positioned according to the drawing size of the pipe holes in the pipe plate.

The method for expanding and connecting the heat exchanger pipe head in the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the robot is adopted to carry out the tube expansion work of the heat exchange tube, the speed is high, the efficiency is high, the tube expansion task is determined by programming, the condition of expansion leakage or repeated expansion is avoided, the robot is adopted to position, and the method of repairing the positioning deviation through the elastic fixer is adopted to align the center of the tube hole of the heat exchange tube, so that the condition of mechanical damage to the heat exchange tube caused by the positioning deviation existing between the central axis of the tube expander and the central axis of the heat exchange tube can be avoided. In addition, compared with a centering method such as visual identification, the elastic fixator provided by the invention is low in cost, safe and reliable, and high in interchangeability.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elastic fixer according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic operation diagram of an expansion joint method of a heat exchange tube head according to a second aspect of the invention.

Reference numerals:

the heat exchanger comprises a tube plate 1, a heat exchange tube 2, an elastic fixer 10, a first tube 11, a connecting flange 12, a second tube 13, a spring piece 14, a fastening bolt 15, an adjusting bolt 16, a robot 20, a robot flange 21, a tube expander 30 and a tube expander 31.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.

In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Referring to fig. 1, an elastic fixer 10 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes a first pipe 11, a mounting portion, a second pipe 13, an elastic member, and a fixing device.

Specifically, the mounting part is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting 11, and the mounting part is used for being connected with the robot 20; the second pipe fitting 13 is arranged in the first pipe fitting 11, and the inner diameter of the second pipe fitting 13 is matched with the size of the pipe expander 30; one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the second pipe fitting 13, and the other end of the elastic component is fixedly connected with the first pipe fitting 11; and a fixing device for fixing the pipe expander 30 to the second pipe 13. The pipe expander 30 is installed in the second pipe 13 of the elastic fixing device 10, and the second pipe 13 is fixed to the first pipe 11 by using an elastic member, so that the pipe expander 30 and the robot 20 are elastically connected. When the tube holes of the tube plate 1 are processed and deviated, the alignment position of the robot 20 is slightly deviated from the theoretical position. The elastic fixer 10 enables the pipe expander 30 to be elastically connected with the robot 20, the positioning deviation is repaired by the elastic fixer 10, the pipe expander 30 and the pipe expander 31 can be coaxial with pipe holes, and mechanical damage of the heat exchange pipe 2 during pipe expansion is effectively avoided.

Wherein, the installation department is flange 12, and flange 12 is fixed in on the circumference of first pipe fitting 11. The connecting flange 12 is matched with the robot flange 21, so that the elastic component of the embodiment can be conveniently installed on the robot 20; the inner diameter of the second tubular member 13 being sized to match the expander 30 means that the inner diameter of the second tubular member 13 is slightly larger than the expander 30 so that the second tubular member 13 can just receive the expander 30 therein.

Further, the fixing means is a fastening bolt 16. The pipe expander 30 and the second pipe fitting 13 are fixed through the fastening bolt 16, the phenomenon that the coaxiality of the pipe expander 30 and the heat exchange pipe 2 is affected due to the fact that the pipe expander 30 and the second pipe fitting 13 are loosened relatively when the pipe expander works is avoided, and the risk that the heat exchange pipe 2 is damaged mechanically is effectively reduced.

In this embodiment, the second pipe 13 is coaxial with the first pipe 11, so that the axes of the pipe expander 30 and the pipe expander 31 can be conveniently determined, the coaxiality of the pipe expander 31 and the heat exchange pipe 2 can be favorably improved, and the probability of mechanical damage to the heat exchange pipe 2 can be reduced.

In one possible embodiment, the elastic member is a leaf spring 14, one end of the leaf springs 14 is uniformly arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe member 13, and the other end of the leaf springs 14 is uniformly arranged on the inner circumference of the first pipe member 11. Wherein the spring pieces 14 are arranged in the radial direction of the second pipe member 13. At this moment, the stress direction of the spring piece 14 is consistent with the length direction of the spring piece 14, which is beneficial to ensuring the coaxiality of the second pipe fitting 13 and the first pipe fitting 11 and is also convenient for adjusting the axis position of the second pipe fitting 13 in the later period.

In one possible embodiment, the number of the spring pieces 14 is three, and the three spring pieces 14 are arranged on the outer circumference of the second pipe member 13 at intervals of 120 °. Further, the length direction of one of the spring pieces 14 is perpendicular to the vertical direction. At this time, the resultant force of the three springs is in the vertical direction with the gravity direction of the pipe expander 30 and the second pipe 13, the resultant force is in the same direction and opposite direction with the gravity direction of the pipe expander 30 and the second pipe 13, and a static equilibrium state is achieved.

In a possible embodiment, the device further comprises an adjusting device, the adjusting device is arranged on the first pipe element 11, the spring plate 14 is fixedly connected with the adjusting device, and the adjusting device is used for adjusting the tightness degree of the spring plate 14.

In the present embodiment, the adjustment means is an adjustment bolt 16. The adjusting bolt 16 penetrates through the pipe wall of the first pipe fitting 11, one end of the spring piece 14 is fixedly connected with the pipe wall of the second pipe fitting 13, and the other end of the spring piece 14 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the adjusting bolt 16. After the tube expander 30 is mounted on the second tube member 13, the tightness of the spring pieces 14 is changed by changing the depth of the adjusting bolt 16 screwed into the wall of the first tube member 11, so that the second tube member 13 is coaxial with the first tube member 11.

Referring to fig. 2, the method for expanding and connecting the heat exchanger tube head according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention comprises the following steps:

the elastic holder 10 is mounted on the robot 20, the tube expander 30 is mounted on the elastic holder 10, and the tube expander 31 is mounted on the collet of the tube expander 30.

In this embodiment, the robot 20 is a six-axis robot, which facilitates the robot 20 to control the tube expander 31 to be perpendicular to the tube sheet 1, so as to simplify the equipment and reduce the equipment cost.

Installing the heat exchange tube 2 in the tube hole of the tube plate 1; and driving the robot 20 to move, enabling the tube expander 31 to be coaxial with the heat exchange tube 2, completing the reference positioning of the heat exchange tube 2, compiling a tube expansion program of the heat exchange tube 2, and compiling all the tube expansion programs by utilizing a translation instruction of the robot 20 after debugging is completed.

After the reference positioning of the heat exchange tube 2 is completed, the rest tube holes are positioned according to the drawing size of the tube holes in the tube plate 1. When the theoretical position of the pipe hole deviates from the actual position, the elastic fixer 10 can correct the positioning deviation to avoid mechanical damage to the heat exchange pipe 2.

The robot 20 is started to insert the tip of the tube expander 31 into the heat exchange tube 2, and the tube expander 30 performs tube expansion work on the heat exchange tube 2.

After the tube expansion work of a single heat exchange tube 2 is completed, the robot 20 is used for driving the tube expander 30 to perform the tube expansion work on the remaining heat exchange tubes 2 on the tube plate 1.

The robot 20 is adopted to perform the tube expansion work of the heat exchange tube 2, the speed is high, the efficiency is high, the tube expansion task is determined by programming, and the condition that the sealing of the heat exchanger is influenced or the strength of the heat exchange tube 2 is reduced due to the leakage expansion or repeated expansion is avoided; and the robot 20 is used for positioning, and the center of the pipe hole of the heat exchange pipe 2 is aligned by the method of repairing the elastic fixer 10, so that the condition that the heat exchange pipe 2 is mechanically damaged due to the deviation of the central axis of the pipe expander 31 and the central axis of the heat exchange pipe 2 can be effectively avoided.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.