阅读说明：本技术 一种用于自由锻的配合上砧用的锻造成型装置及其锻造多级台阶轧辊的方法 (Forging forming device matched with upper anvil for free forging and method for forging multistage step roller by using forging forming device ) 是由 牛震 孟祥英 郑福胜 雷玉臣 刘鹏宇 赵晓君 刘占东 蒋伟斌 黄宪军 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于自由锻的配合上砧用的锻造成型装置及其锻造多级台阶轧辊的方法,它属于锻造成型技术领域。本发明要解决的是降低锻造的操作难度的锻造成型装置的问题。本发明包括锻造成型装置包括楔块,楔块的左右两侧端面分别焊接有钢管,钢棒的一端穿过螺母与钢管连接,钢棒的另一端与重物板焊接,螺母焊接于上砧的左右两侧,螺母的个数为6个,位置均分于上砧侧面的4分点处,楔块的形状为直角梯台,楔块的斜边的长度与锻件送进量的长度相同。本发明开发出一种整体锻造锻件中带有圆锥或者圆台锻件的制造方法,使锻件金属流线更好,一次合格率达到95％以上,减少锻件锻造余量,从而降低制造成本,降低操作难度。本发明用于自由锻造。(A forging forming device matched with an upper anvil and used for free forging and a method for forging a multi-step roller by using the forging forming device belong to the technical field of forging forming. The invention aims to solve the problem of a forging forming device for reducing the operation difficulty of forging. The forging forming device comprises a wedge block, steel pipes are respectively welded on the left side end face and the right side end face of the wedge block, one end of a steel bar penetrates through a nut to be connected with the steel pipes, the other end of the steel bar is welded with a heavy object plate, the nuts are welded on the left side and the right side of an upper anvil, the number of the nuts is 6, the positions of the nuts are evenly distributed at 4 points on the side face of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step form, and the length of the inclined edge of the wedge block is the same as the. The invention develops a manufacturing method of a forging with a cone or a circular truncated cone in an integrally forged forging, so that the metal flow line of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, and the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the operation difficulty. The invention is used for free forging.)

1. A forging forming device for freely forging matched upper anvil is characterized in that: a forge forming device that anvil was used in cooperation for freely forging include voussoir (2), the left and right sides terminal surface of voussoir (2) weld respectively steel pipe (3), the one end of rod iron (4) is passed nut (5) and is connected with steel pipe (3), the other end and heavy object board (6) welding of rod iron (4), nut (5) weld in the left and right sides of last anvil (1).

2. The forging-forming apparatus for free forging using an anvil as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the number of the nuts (5) is 6, the positions of the nuts are all divided into 4 points on the side surface of the upper anvil (1), the wedge block (2) is in a right-angle step shape, and the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block (2) is the same as the feeding length of the forge piece.

3. A method of forging a multistage stepped roll using the forging apparatus for free forging with an upper anvil according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: the technological process of forging the multi-step roller of the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → half die forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging.

4. The method for forging a multistage stepped roll of a forging forming apparatus for a free forging in cooperation with an upper anvil according to claim 3, wherein: the forging method of the multistage step roller with the cone frustum adopts a 30MN hydraulic press for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, the method for forging the multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil is used for free forging, the steel ingot is put into a gas heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 9-15 hours, and then a jaw is pressed on the steel ingot.

5. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: in the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot of the pressure jaw is returned to the furnace for heating and then subjected to primary upsetting, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-6 hours, the primary upsetting is carried out by an upsetting platform, the upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.

6. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: in the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting is returned to the furnace to be heated, and then long round blanks are drawn for the first time, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-5 hours, the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil are adopted as the first round blank drawn, the steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting is drawn to be 940mm in diameter, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm.

7. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: in the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long circular blank is drawn for the first time is returned to the furnace for heating and then is subjected to secondary upsetting, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.

8. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: in the method for forging the multi-step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to the furnace and heated, then long round blank drawing is carried out for the second time, the temperature for returning to the furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the round blank drawing for the second time adopts the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil, and the steel ingot subjected to upsetting is drawn to the round blank drawing diameter of 940 mm. The single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm.

9. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: in the method for forging the multi-stage step roller by matching with the forging forming device for the upper anvil, the steel ingot after the long round blank is drawn for the second time is returned to the furnace for heating, the long round blank is drawn for the third time, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, the steel ingot after upsetting is drawn to the diameter of 740mm by adopting the upper flat anvil and the lower flat anvil, and the single reduction is 60-80 mm.

10. The method of forging a multistage stepped roll for a free-forging anvil-fitted forging forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: according to the method for forging the multi-step roller by the aid of the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging, after the steel ingot with the long round blank drawn for the third time is heated in a furnace returning mode, the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging is used for half die forging, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, then the forging is synchronously operated at the specified point position through an operating machine and the forging to be forged to the finished product size, the single pressing amount is 60-80 mm, then the forging is air-cooled to 400-500 ℃, the forging is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging forming; in particular to a forging forming device used for free forging and matched with an upper anvil and a method for forging a multi-step roller by using the forging forming device.

Background

Free forging is a process of obtaining a forged part by plastically deforming a metal blank on an anvil or between upper and lower anvil blocks of a forging press using impact force or pressure. Compared with the casting product, the free forging not only can eliminate the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness, air holes and the like which are possibly brought by the casting product, but also can refine crystal grains and improve the mechanical property of the product. The free forging is to control the shape and size of the forged piece by manual operation, so the precision of the forged piece is low, the machining allowance is large, the labor intensity is high, and the production rate is not high, therefore, the free forging is mainly applied to single-piece and small-batch production. In the field of free forging, only simple structural parts such as circles, squares (squares and flat squares), cones, cakes and the like can be forged. The forged piece on the engineering machinery with the cone or the circular truncated cone and the like can only be forged into a material and then is cold-processed into the forged piece with the cone or the circular truncated cone, so that raw materials are greatly wasted.

At present, the domestic production technical scheme for forging the forged piece with the cone or the circular truncated cone is to adopt steel ingots → heating, forging → normalizing, annealing and processing and forming. The forging with the cone or the circular truncated cone mainly has a forming mode: forging the cone or the round table into a cylinder. The forming method has the main problems of large forging allowance, long subsequent machining time and serious raw material waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging and a method for forging a multi-step roller by using the forging forming device.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a forge forming device that anvil was used in cooperation for freely forging, a forge forming device that anvil was used in cooperation for freely forging include the voussoir, the left and right sides terminal surface of voussoir weld respectively the steel pipe, the one end of steel bar is passed the nut and is connected with the steel pipe, the other end and the heavy object board welding of steel bar, the nut welds in the left and right sides of last anvil.

According to the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil and used for free forging, the number of the nuts is 6, the nuts are all arranged at 4 points of the side face of the upper anvil, the wedge block is in a right-angle step shape, and the length of the oblique edge of the wedge block is the same as the feeding length of a forging piece.

According to the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil and used for free forging, the clearance distance between the wedge block and the upper anvil is the total height stroke, the height of the wedge block and the maximum size of a material during deformation, and the total height stroke is the maximum diameter or the maximum height of press forging.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multi-step roller by a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which comprises the following steps: the technological process of forging the multi-step roller of the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging comprises steel ingot heating → pressing jaw → first upsetting → first long circular blank drawing → second upsetting → second long circular blank drawing → third long circular blank drawing → half die forging → heat treatment by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller matched with a forging forming device for an upper anvil for free forging, which is characterized in that a forging method for the multistage step roller with a cone frustum adopts a 30MN hydraulic press for forging, the weight of a steel ingot is 10.3 tons, the method for forging the multistage step roller matched with the forging forming device for the upper anvil for free forging is characterized in that the steel ingot is put into a gas heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 9-15 hours, and then a jaw is pressed on the steel ingot.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is used for free forging, wherein a steel ingot at a press jaw is subjected to primary upsetting after being returned to a furnace and heated, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-6 h, the first upsetting is carried out by an upsetting platform, the upsetting is carried out to the diameter of 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0. The steel ingot deforms through upsetting, the forging ratio is increased, positive and negative segregation existing in the steel ingot can be effectively destroyed, and meanwhile, the deformation of a core is increased.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller of a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which comprises the steps of returning a steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting to a furnace, heating, then drawing an oblong blank for the first time, wherein the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-5 h, adopting an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil as the first round blank drawing, drawing the steel ingot subjected to primary upsetting to 940mm in diameter, and pressing down 60-80 mm for the single time.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller by matching with a forging forming device for an upper anvil, which is used for free forging, wherein a steel ingot after long circular blank drawing for the first time is subjected to secondary upsetting after being heated back in a furnace, the back-furnace heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, the secondary upsetting is carried out until the diameter is 1105-1320 mm, and the upsetting ratio is 1.4-2.0.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller of a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which is characterized in that an ingot subjected to secondary upsetting is returned to a furnace to be heated and then subjected to secondary drawing of an oblong blank, the temperature of the returned furnace is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 h, an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil are adopted as the secondary drawing of the oblong blank, and the upset ingot is drawn to a diameter mm 940. The single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm. The rolling reduction of the round blank drawn out for the second time is not too large, the purpose is to prevent cracks from occurring inside, internal air holes can be welded, the carbide is loosened and broken, the core material is increased, and the internal quality of the product is improved.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller of a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which is characterized in that in the method for forging the multistage step roller matched with the forging forming device for the upper anvil for free forging, an steel ingot after long circular blank drawing for the second time is subjected to furnace returning heating, long circular blank drawing for the third time is carried out, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 h, an upper flat anvil and a lower flat anvil are adopted as a third round blank drawing, the diameter of the upset steel ingot is 740mm, and the single rolling reduction is 60-80 mm. The third round billet is drawn out and is pressed down the volume and should not too big, and the purpose is to prevent inside crackle, can weld inside gas pocket, loose, broken carbide simultaneously, increases the core and walks to expect to improve product internal quality.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multistage step roller of a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which is characterized in that a steel ingot after long circular blanks are drawn for the third time is subjected to furnace returning heating, then semi-die forging is performed by using the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging, the furnace returning heating temperature is 1190-1210 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours, then the forging is synchronously operated to a finished product size at a specified point position through an operating machine and a forging piece, the single reduction amount is 60-80 mm, then the forging piece is air-cooled to 400-500 ℃, and is loaded into a heat treatment furnace for normalizing, the normalizing temperature is 950-970 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours. The forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging is adopted for half die forging, so that the metal flow line of the forge piece is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, and the forging allowance of the forge piece is reduced. The heat treatment can refine the grains. And the annealing of dehydrogenation and stress relief reduces the forging stress, reduces the hardness of the forged piece and is beneficial to subsequent processing.

The forging forming device matched with the upper anvil and used for free forging is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

According to the method for forging the multi-step roller by the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging, an operator and the forging forming device matched with the upper anvil for free forging need to be paid attention to during half die forging and forged to a cone, and compared with the original process, the process for example saves the raw material amount by at least 0.5 ton, improves the core quality, reduces the process weight of a forging blank, reduces the manufacturing cost and optimizes the forging forming process.

The invention relates to a method for forging a multi-step roller by a forging forming device matched with an upper anvil for free forging, which develops a manufacturing method for integrally forging a forging with a cone or a round table, so that the metal flow line of the forging is better, the primary qualified rate reaches more than 95%, and the forging allowance of the forging is reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost, reducing the operation difficulty, improving the production efficiency, improving the production environment and realizing batch production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a forging apparatus for free forging with an upper anvil according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view showing the structure of a forging forming apparatus for free forging in cooperation with an upper anvil according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a wedge and steel tube joint of a forging apparatus for free forging with an anvil according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the steel bar and weight plate connection of a forging apparatus for free forging incorporating an upper anvil of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a multi-step roll manufactured according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a multi-step roll manufactured in a comparative example;

FIG. 7 is a photograph of a multi-step roll made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a threadless bolt of a forging apparatus for free forging in cooperation with an upper anvil according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a pin head of a forging apparatus for free forging in cooperation with an upper anvil according to the present invention.

Detailed Description