阅读说明：本技术 一种水稻耐高温增产调理剂及其制备方法和应用 (Rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王伟中 顾大路 杨文飞 杜小凤 钱新民 吴雪芬 罗玉明 刘京宝 于 2020-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种水稻耐高温增产调理剂及其制备方法和应用,属于水稻种植技术领域,所述水稻耐高温增产调理剂,包括独立存在的液体制剂和粉剂；所述液体制剂以无水乙醇和水为溶剂,包括脯氨酸、助壮素、氯化胆碱、水杨酸、甜菜碱、赤霉素、谷氨酸钠和芸苔素；所述粉剂包括以下组分：甘草酸二钾、葡萄糖酸锌、维生素C、BHT、脱落酸、无水硫酸锌、无水硫酸铁、无水硫酸锰、无水硫酸钼和无水磷酸二氢钾；本发明所述的水稻耐高温增产调理剂能够显著预防或减轻由高温引起减产；在没有发生高温时,具有极显著的增产效果；采用液体制剂+粉剂配套组合的形式,能够使调理剂产品的效能发挥更充分,应用效果更显著且稳定,有效期长。(The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of rice planting, wherein the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice comprises an independent liquid preparation and an independent powder preparation; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises proline, mepiquat chloride, choline chloride, salicylic acid, betaine, gibberellin, sodium glutamate and brassin; the powder comprises the following components: dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, zinc gluconate, vitamin C, BHT, abscisic acid, anhydrous zinc sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate; the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner can obviously prevent or reduce yield reduction caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect; the liquid preparation and the powder are combined in a matching way, so that the efficiency of the conditioner product can be exerted more fully, the application effect is more obvious and stable, and the effective period is long.)

1. A rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner is characterized by comprising a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

2. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

3. The method for preparing a rice high temperature resistant yield increasing conditioner according to claim 1 or 2,

the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps:

1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to respectively obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL;

2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution;

3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution;

4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL;

5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution;

6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A;

7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B;

8) after mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and then fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation;

no time sequence is defined between the steps 2), 3) and 4);

the preparation of the powder comprises the following steps:

s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture;

s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution;

s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture;

s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture;

s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture;

s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material;

s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture;

s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder;

steps S1), S2), S3), and S7).

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reagent used for adjusting pH in step 8) is pure acetic acid.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the pH is adjusted to 3.3 to 3.7 in the step 8).

6. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in improving the high-temperature-resistant performance of rice.

7. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in increasing the maturing rate of rice.

8. The rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5 in increasing rice yield.

9. The application of any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the liquid preparation and the powder preparation in the rice high temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner are mixed in a proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml, diluted by 80-120 times with water and then sprayed on rice, wherein the proportion of (0.8-1.2) g is 0.8-1.2; the spraying time is 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs.

10. The application of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice as claimed in claim 9, wherein the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is 75-85 mL/mu in terms of liquid preparation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Rice is one of the main grain crops in China and plays a very important role in national economy. In recent years, along with the frequent occurrence of adverse climates such as high and low temperature, short illumination and the like in the rice production process all over the country, huge loss is brought to the rice production. The rice yield is related to food safety, breeding industry development and national civilian life in China and even the world. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to improve the high temperature resistance and the maturing ability of rice and reduce the influence of natural disasters on the growth and development of rice and the yield and quality of rice.

During the growth and development of rice, various natural disasters are often encountered, particularly, in recent years, under the condition that severe weather (such as high temperature, cold damage and the like) becomes normal, the influence on the growth and development and the yield of rice is most obvious, and the influence on the growth and development and the yield and quality of rice in the middle and later stages is greatly influenced by high temperature. The high temperature hazard in the middle and later periods of rice generally means that the rice in the booting period can cause incomplete development of rice floral organs and abortive development of pollen to generate empty shells if the rice meets the continuous high temperature of more than 35 ℃; the rice heading and flowering period is damaged by high temperature, which affects the cracking of rice anther and the elongation of pollen tube to cause sterility of flowers, increases blighted grains, causes the rice to be unable to bear normally to cause serious yield reduction and causes the disasters that the quality is obviously reduced and the rice cannot be recovered.

At present, the common prevention measures for the middle and later period high temperature damage of rice at home and abroad mainly adopt the measures of heat-resistant variety, high temperature avoidance during time selection and seeding, fertilizer and water management and regulation and control and the like. But the heat-resistant varieties are less in production selection and the yield is lower, so that the practical application in production is less; the measures for avoiding high temperature during the selected sowing are influenced by the crop rotation, so that the regulation and control scope is small; and the appearance of high-temperature hazards is often sudden; once high temperature hazard is generated, the intervention is basically ineffective by using conventional cultivation management measures. Therefore, the general cultivation measures have poor rescuing effect on the rice damaged by high temperature in the middle and later periods, and the aims of disaster prevention and reduction are not achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a rice high temperature resistant yield-increasing conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof; the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice can obviously prevent or reduce the yield reduction caused by the reduction of the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the rice caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect, and really achieves the organic combination of disaster prevention, yield protection, loss reduction, yield increase, quality improvement and efficiency increase when high temperature disasters occur.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, which comprises a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Preferably, the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner, which comprises the following steps:

the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps:

1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL;

2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution;

3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution;

4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL;

5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution;

6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A;

7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B;

8) after mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and then fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation;

no time sequence is defined between the steps 2), 3) and 4);

the preparation of the powder comprises the following steps:

s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture;

s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution;

s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture;

s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture;

s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture;

s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material;

s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture;

s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder;

steps S1), S2), S3), and S7).

Preferably, the reagent used to adjust the pH in step 8) is pure acetic acid.

Preferably, the pH value is adjusted to 3.3-3.7 in the step 8).

The invention also provides the application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in improving the high-temperature resistance of rice.

The invention provides application of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice in improving the maturing rate of rice.

The invention provides an application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in increasing the rice yield.

Preferably, the liquid preparation and the powder in the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner are mixed according to the proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml to (0.8-1.2) g, diluted by 80-120 times with water and sprayed on rice; the spraying time is 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs.

Preferably, the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is 75-85 mL/mu calculated by a liquid preparation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner provided by the invention can enhance the adaptability and resistance of rice plants to high-temperature stress by exciting the activity of enzymes in rice bodies, increase the activity of rice root systems, improve transpiration heat dissipation efficiency, and obviously enhance the high-temperature resistance of rice pollen, thereby improving the maturing rate, promoting the photosynthesis of rice, accelerating the conversion and accumulation of photosynthetic substances, and improving the rice quality. The high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice can obviously prevent or reduce the yield reduction caused by the reduction of the maturing rate and the thousand seed weight of the rice caused by high temperature; when high temperature does not occur, the method has extremely remarkable yield increasing effect, and really achieves the organic combination of disaster prevention, yield protection, loss reduction, yield increase, quality improvement and efficiency increase when high temperature disasters occur. The invention adopts the form of matching combination of liquid preparation and powder, can fully exert the efficiency of the conditioner product, has more obvious and stable application effect, improves the storage period stability of the conditioner product and prolongs the effective period of the conditioner product.

According to the records of the embodiments, under the condition that the rice is subjected to high-temperature hazards in the middle and later periods, compared with a control (spraying clear water), the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner provided by the invention can averagely increase the flow of the root system of the rice by 66.88% (the average of indica rice is 68.88%, and the average of japonica rice is 64.60%), increase the chlorophyll of the leaf of the rice by 14.61% (the average of indica rice is 16.03%, and the average of japonica rice is 13.18%), averagely increase the SOD activity by 20.79%, greatly differ the indica rice from japonica rice (the average of indica rice is 13.63%, and the average of japonica rice is 27.96%), decrease the MDA content by 27.80% (the average of indica rice is decreased by 29.03%, and the average of japonica rice is decreased by 26.57%) compared with the control 2 (spraying clear water under high-temperature treatment), and the above physiological and biochemical indexes show that the rice high-; after the conditioner is used, the thousand-grain weight of the rice is increased by 2.46 percent; the rice setting rate is increased by 14.16% on average, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average increase of indica rice is 19.24%, and the average increase of japonica rice is 9.07%); the average grain number of each ear of rice is increased by 14.28 percent, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average increase of indica rice is 19.3 percent, and the average increase of japonica rice is 9.26 percent); the average yield is increased by 33.93 percent, and the difference between indica rice and japonica rice is large (the average yield of indica rice is increased by 45.91 percent, and the average yield of japonica rice is increased by 21.95 percent). The conditioner disclosed by the invention has the effect of remarkably reducing the yield loss of rice caused by high-temperature damage on the rice yield, and has a more prominent effect on indica rice. Compared with the control 1 (spraying clear water), the conditioner has obvious positive effect after being applied under the condition of no high-temperature weather hazard, but the indica rice and japonica rice have no great difference: the wound flow of the rice root system can be averagely increased by more than 50 percent, the chlorophyll of the rice leaf can be averagely increased by 15 percent, the SOD can be increased by 17.56 percent, and the MDA content is reduced by 30 percent compared with the control (sprayed with clear water); the thousand grain weight of the rice is improved by 2.1 percent, the maturing rate of the rice is increased by 1.35 percent, the grain number of each ear of the rice is increased by 1.5 percent, and the average yield is increased by more than 5 percent. The conditioner provided by the invention has very obvious high temperature resistance harm when being applied to indica rice varieties (such as II you 128) and japonica rice varieties (such as Nanjing 9108), achieves the effects of stabilizing yield and increasing yield, has more obvious use effect on indica rice varieties, and has obvious economic benefits.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice, which comprises a liquid preparation and a powder preparation which are independent; the liquid preparation takes absolute ethyl alcohol and water as solvents and comprises the following components in concentration: 50-250 g/L proline, 21.5-53.75 g/L mepiquat chloride, 46.875-187.5 g/L choline chloride, 1.2-12 g/L salicylic acid, 12-120 g/L betaine, 11.25-33.75 g/L gibberellin, 56.25-112.5 g/L sodium glutamate and 50-1000 mg/L brassin; the powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4.9-9.8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 4.8-18.6 parts of zinc gluconate, 0.96-4.8 parts of vitamin C, 0.96-4.8 parts of BHT, 0.8-4 parts of abscisic acid, 9.6-19.2 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 4.8-9.6 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 0.96-4.8 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 0-47.5 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

In the present invention, the liquid formulation uses absolute ethanol and water as solvents, and preferably comprises the following components in concentration: 100-200 g/L proline, 30-40 g/L mepiquat chloride, 100-150 g/L choline chloride, 5-10 g/L salicylic acid, 50-100 g/L betaine, 20-30 g/L gibberellin, 60-80 g/L sodium glutamate and 400-600 mg/L brassin;

the powder preferably comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 8-15 parts of zinc gluconate, 2-3 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of BHT, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 12-16 parts of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 6-8 parts of anhydrous manganese sulfate, 2-3 parts of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate and 5.0-40.0 parts of anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

The sources of proline, mepiquat chloride, choline chloride, salicylic acid, betaine, gibberellin, sodium glutamate and brassin in the liquid preparation are not particularly limited, and conventional commercial products in the field can be adopted. The purity of the components sold in the market is not specially limited, and the requirements of conventional products sold in the market are met; the concentrations and parts by weight mentioned above are obtained in the invention calculated as pure substances. In the practice of the present invention, purities of the following component products are preferably purchased as follows: 96% of proline, 86% of mepiquat chloride, 96% of salicylic acid, 96% of betaine, 90% of gibberellin, 90% of sodium glutamate and 80% of brassin; the choline chloride is liquid, and the volume fraction of the choline chloride is preferably 75%.

In the present invention, the solvent of the liquid formulation is absolute ethanol and water; in the present invention, the anhydrous ethanol is preferably analytically pure, and the anhydrous ethanol is used for dissolving gibberellin, and 5mL of anhydrous ethanol is used for dissolving every 1g of gibberellin; the water is purified water or tap water subjected to boiling and filtering treatment, and the boiling time is preferably 4-6 min, and more preferably 5 min; the water is used for dissolving the rest components and fixing the volume.

The sources of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, zinc gluconate, vitamin C, BHT, abscisic acid, anhydrous zinc sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate and anhydrous molybdenum sulfate in the powder are not particularly limited, and the powder can be prepared from conventional commercial products in the field. The purity of the components sold in the market is not specially limited, and the requirements of conventional products sold in the market are met; the concentrations and parts by weight mentioned above are obtained in the invention calculated as pure substances. In the practice of the present invention, purities of the following component products are preferably purchased as follows: 98% of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, 96% of zinc gluconate, 96% of vitamin C, 96% of BHT, 80% of abscisic acid, 96% of anhydrous zinc sulfate, 96% of anhydrous ferric sulfate, 96% of anhydrous manganese sulfate and 96% of anhydrous molybdenum sulfate.

In the invention, the anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used as a filler, can improve the high-temperature resistance effect of rice, is a good foliar spray fertilizer in the later stage of the rice and can enhance the stress resistance of the rice.

In the invention, the dipotassium glycyrrhizinate can promote the stability of a cell membrane structure and improve the high temperature resistance and stress resistance of rice; the vitamin C actively participates in cell repair of the rice in high-temperature damage, and simultaneously can stimulate the activity of a secondary biomass metabolic system of the rice to timely supplement the loss of physiologically active substances (such as vitamins) in the rice body caused by high temperature, and efficiently remove free radicals generated in the rice body due to high temperature, so that the repair of the high-temperature damage is accelerated; the mepiquat chloride can regulate and control the plant type of rice, improve the canopy structure of a rice population, facilitate air circulation to accelerate heat dissipation and cooling, increase the root quantity and activity of the rice, improve transpiration efficiency and stabilize the temperature of rice organ tissues; the choline chloride can increase the content of chlorophyll in functional leaves, enhance the photosynthesis of rice and the conversion capacity of photosynthetic products, ensure the supply of organic substances required by the grouting of rice grains at high temperature, and increase the setting percentage, the thousand kernel weight and the yield of the rice.

The anhydrous zinc sulfate, the anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, the anhydrous ferric sulfate and the anhydrous manganese sulfate can provide trace element nutrients required by rice growth, promote enzyme activity, meet the growth and development requirements of rice in the middle and later periods (particularly under high-temperature drought), improve the quality of rice plants, improve the stress resistance, improve the maturing rate and improve the rice quality.

The betaine, the salicylic acid, the abscisic acid, the gibberellin, the brassin and the like in the invention are plant hormone substances; the combined application of the components can promote the rice to synthesize more heat shock proteins in vivo, and can play a role in jointly inducing resistance to excite the rice to obtain high-temperature resistance, improving the tolerance of rice pollen to high temperature in the environment, stimulating the activity of enzymes in plants, catalyzing cells to accelerate the absorption of water and nutrients, regulating photosynthesis and transpiration, promoting new roots to increase the development of roots and improving the activity.

BHT in the invention is an antioxidant, and after the conditioner is sprayed on rice leaves, the photodecomposition of substances such as vitamin C and abscisic acid before the substances are absorbed by the rice leaves and enter the body can be reduced, and the utilization effect of the conditioner is improved; meanwhile, BHT becomes a high-efficiency antioxidant after being absorbed by rice leaves, and free radicals generated by high temperature in the rice body are efficiently removed, so that the damage of the high temperature to the rice is reduced.

The proline and the sodium glutamate in the invention are important cell osmotic adjusting substances under the high-temperature stress of rice, improve the adaptation of the rice to the high-temperature stress and reduce the decomposition of soluble protein caused by high temperature.

The bioavailability of the zinc gluconate is higher and is about 1.6 times of that of zinc sulfate, and the zinc participates in the synthesis and activation of various zinc-containing enzymes and zinc-dependent enzymes, plays an important physiological function on protein synthesis and nucleic acid synthesis, and can promote the growth and development of rice. When the zinc gluconate is stressed by high temperature of rice, the level of free radicals in cells is kept by increasing superoxide dismutase (the free radicals are increased after the high temperature stress of the rice and damage cell membranes), the action of removing redundant free radicals is realized, and the resistance of the rice to the high temperature stress is improved.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner, which comprises the preparation of a liquid preparation and the preparation of powder, wherein the preparation of the liquid preparation comprises the following steps: 1) respectively dissolving proline and mepiquat chloride by water to obtain a proline aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL and a mepiquat chloride aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.8-1.2 g/mL; 2) dissolving sodium glutamate in the proline aqueous solution to obtain sodium glutamate-proline aqueous solution; 3) mixing and dissolving brassin and the mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution; 4) dissolving gibberellin with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a gibberellin ethanol solution with the concentration of 0.15-0.25 g/mL; 5) mixing salicylic acid with the gibberellin ethanol solution, and dissolving at 45-55 ℃ to obtain a salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution; 6) mixing the salicylic acid-gibberellin ethanol solution with the sodium glutamate-proline solution to obtain a mixed solution A; 7) dissolving betaine in choline chloride to obtain a betaine-choline chloride solution, and mixing the betaine-choline chloride solution and a brassin-mepiquat chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution B; 8) and mixing the mixed solution A and the mixed solution B, adjusting the pH value to 2.5-4.5, and fixing the volume with water to obtain a liquid preparation.

In the present invention, the reagent used to adjust the pH is preferably pure acetic acid; the pH value is preferably adjusted to 3.3-3.7, and more preferably 3.5. In the present invention, in the above dissolving or mixing process, stirring is preferably accompanied, and the stirring method in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a stirring method conventional in the art may be employed, and the stirring time is preferably a time for achieving complete dissolution. In the present invention, the method preferably further comprises a step of adding water before the dissolving in the step 5), wherein the volume of the added water is preferably 35% to 45%, and more preferably 40% of the volume of the gibberellin ethanol solution; the temperature for dissolving is preferably 50 ℃; the method preferably further comprises a cooling step after the dissolution, and the cooling step is not particularly limited in the invention, and the solution is naturally cooled to room temperature.

In the present invention, the preparation method of the powder includes the steps of: s1) mixing the vitamin C and BHT to obtain a first mixture; s2) dissolving abscisic acid by absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain 0.4-0.6 g/mL abscisic acid solution; s3) mixing dipotassium glycyrrhizinate with zinc gluconate to obtain a second mixture; s4) mixing the second mixture with 40-60% of the total amount of the first mixture to obtain a third mixture; s5) mixing the abscisic acid solution with the rest first mixture through high-pressure spraying to obtain a fourth mixture; s6) mixing the third mixed material with the fourth mixed material to obtain a fifth mixed material; s7) sequentially mixing anhydrous molybdenum sulfate, anhydrous manganese sulfate, anhydrous ferric sulfate and anhydrous zinc sulfate to obtain a sixth mixture; s8) mixing the fifth mixture and the sixth mixture, and adding anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate to obtain powder.

In the present invention, mixing in the above-mentioned production method is preferably accompanied by stirring, and the stirring method in the present invention is not particularly limited, and a stirring method which is conventional in the art may be employed. In the present invention, it is preferable to mix 50% of the total amount of the first mixed material with the second mixed material to obtain a third mixed material. In the invention, the abscisic acid solution is preferably sprayed onto the remaining first mixture by a high-pressure sprayer, the remaining first mixture is preferably stirred in the spraying process, so that the abscisic acid solution is fully and uniformly dispersed and mixed in the first mixture, and after the spraying is finished, the abscisic acid solution is preferably spread out in a dark place for drying, so that the solvent ethanol is volatilized, and then the abscisic acid solution is preferably stirred and uniformly mixed again; ventilation is preferably maintained during the above operations.

The invention also provides application of the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in improving the high-temperature-resistant performance of rice, increasing the maturing rate of rice and increasing the yield of rice.

In the invention, the application is preferably to spray the rice after mixing the liquid preparation and the powder in the rice high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner in a proportion of (0.8-1.2) ml to (0.8-1.2) g and diluting by 80-120 times with water. In the present invention, the ratio of the liquid preparation to the powder preparation is preferably 1mL to 1g, and the dilution with water is preferably 100 times. In the invention, the time for spraying the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for the rice is preferably 3-5 days before the rice booting period or high-temperature hazard occurs, and more preferably 4 days before the high-temperature hazard occurs. In the invention, the spraying amount of the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is preferably 75-85 mL/mu, more preferably 78-82 mL/mu and most preferably 80 mL/mu based on the liquid preparation. In the invention, the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is preferably used on site; if the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing conditioner for rice is sprayed in heavy rain within 2 hours, the spraying amount is preferably reduced by half in order to ensure the optimal effect of re-spraying.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.