阅读说明：本技术 高效率耐磨树脂砂轮及其制备方法和应用 (High-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 许圣波 许轲靖 徐纳新 徐会山 许润泽 孟钢 姜帅 任道凤 陈子林 孟园园 于 2020-05-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种高效率耐磨树脂砂轮及其制备方法和应用,属于砂轮技术领域。本发明所述的高效率耐磨树脂砂轮,包括以下质量百分含量的主料：单晶刚玉30-70％,微晶刚玉10-50％,白刚玉5-30％,碳化硅磨料3-40％,金属粉或金属氧化物3-50％,金刚石3-30％,立方氮化硼3-30％,成孔剂3-15％；以上述原料为100％计量,还加入了10-25％结合剂。本发明所述的高效率耐磨树脂砂轮,具有高密度和高强度,耐用度和磨削效率得到明显提高,光洁度等级提升,修正次数减少,节能环保；同时本发明提供了一种低能耗无污染、生产周期短的制备方法；另外本发明还提供一种产品的新应用。(The invention relates to a high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of grinding wheels. The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel comprises the following main materials in percentage by mass: 30-70% of single crystal corundum, 10-50% of microcrystalline corundum, 5-30% of white corundum, 3-40% of silicon carbide abrasive, 3-50% of metal powder or metal oxide, 3-30% of diamond, 3-30% of cubic boron nitride and 3-15% of pore-forming agent; the raw materials are measured by 100 percent, and 10 to 25 percent of bonding agent is also added. The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high density and high strength, obviously improved durability and grinding efficiency, improved finish grade, reduced correction times, energy conservation and environmental friendliness; meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method with low energy consumption, no pollution and short production period; in addition, the invention also provides a new application of the product.)

1. A high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel is characterized in that: the beverage comprises the following main materials in percentage by mass:

30-70% of single crystal corundum, 10-50% of microcrystalline corundum, 5-30% of white corundum, 3-40% of silicon carbide abrasive, 3-50% of metal powder or metal oxide, 3-30% of diamond, 3-30% of cubic boron nitride and 3-15% of pore-forming agent;

the raw materials are measured by 100 percent, and 10 to 25 percent of bonding agent is also added.

2. The high efficiency wear resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the monocrystalline corundum is first-grade sand with the grain diameter of 24-320 meshes.

3. The high efficiency wear resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microcrystalline corundum is first-grade sand with the grain size of 24-320 meshes.

4. The high efficiency wear resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the white corundum is first-grade sand with the grain diameter of 24-320 meshes.

5. The high efficiency wear resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal powder is one or more of copper powder, iron powder or aluminum powder.

6. The high efficiency wear resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the binder is polyimide, polyurethane, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate or resol.

7. The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: al (Al)₂O₃50-90%, C3-60%, metal oxide 0.1-35%, and metal object 3-50%.

8. A method for manufacturing the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) firstly, weighing the main materials in proportion respectively, and then putting the main materials into a closed material mixing pot to mix materials for 15-25 minutes in a rotating way;

(2) then adding a bonding agent to continuously mix for 8-12 minutes;

(3) weighing the mixed material, putting the mixed material into a mold, heating the mixed material at 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, pressing the mixed material for 15 to 20 minutes, curing and forming the mixed material, taking the mixed material out, putting the mixed material on a flat plate, feeding the mixed material into an electric furnace for 1 hour, heating the mixed material to 180 ℃, and curing the mixed material for 1 hour; heating to 220 ℃ and 230 ℃ for 2 hours, and curing for 5-6 hours;

(4) and (3) cooling to 75-85 ℃ after the furnace is stopped, taking out, performing plane machining by using a plane grinder, performing static balance test, performing a rotation test with the linear speed 1.6 times higher than the use linear speed to ensure the rotation strength, and obtaining the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel after the test is qualified.

9. The method for manufacturing the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel according to claim 8, wherein: and during compression molding, an isostatic pressing mode is adopted.

10. Use of a high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel is used in the field of grinding of ceramic grinding wheels.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of grinding wheels.

Background

The grinding wheel is a bonded grinding tool which is formed by bonding a common grinding material into a certain shape by a bonding agent and has certain strength. It is generally composed of abrasive, bond and air holes, which are often referred to as the three elements of a bonded abrasive tool. According to different classes of binders, ceramic (binder) grinding wheels, resin (binder) grinding wheels, and rubber (binder) grinding wheels are common.

The grinding wheel is the one with the largest use amount and the widest use range in the grinding tool, rotates at high speed when in use, and can perform coarse grinding, semi-fine grinding, slotting, cutting and the like on the excircle, the inner circle, the plane, various molded surfaces and the like of a metal or nonmetal workpiece.

The resin grinding wheel is a sheet grinding wheel which is formed by bonding loose abrasive materials by using resin as a bonding agent and is solidified into a certain shape, and is mainly applied to cutting and processing of metal sectional materials such as round steel, flat steel, steel pipes, angle steel, channel steel, steel rails and the like. In precision grinding for machining of bearings, gears, threads, taps, cutting tools, and the like, a resin grinding wheel or a ceramic grinding wheel having high efficiency and wear resistance is required.

The common resin products are consolidated after being pressed and formed for 36 hours at 180 ℃, and are often used for cutting, polishing, coarse grinding and the like due to low forming density, low durability, far lower workpiece shape holding, grinding efficiency and the like than a ceramic bond grinding wheel, low energy utilization rate, high consumption and slight toxicity.

The ceramic grinding wheel is formed by pressing ceramic binder at normal temperature, is sintered and consolidated at 1250 ℃ for more than 50 hours, is then filled with sulfur, and is fully processed inside and outside, the production process is complex and long in period, generally about 10 days, and the energy consumption is very high.

CN 104669130A discloses a new resin grinding wheel and its forming process, the abrasive material is brown corundum, chrome corundum, praseodymium neodymium corundum, black silicon carbide, the binder is liquid phenolic resin, powder polyimide resin, powder furan resin, the filler is semi-hydrated gypsum powder, bauxite, copper powder, beibaiyun, polyamide wax micropowder, vermiculite.

CN 110370177a discloses a resin special grinding wheel for grinding the inner wall of a steel tube, which comprises an abrasive and a bonding agent, wherein the abrasive comprises sintered corundum and brown corundum, and the bonding agent comprises polyimide resin, fluorine material and urotropine. The abrasive prepared by sintering corundum, brown corundum and zirconium corundum has the advantages that the abrasive has large body density, low porosity, several good thermal shock resistance and slag corrosion resistance at high temperature, high grain strength, tough texture, high strength and high temperature resistance, the creep resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance of the grinding wheel can be improved, the service life of the grinding wheel in the using process is prolonged, and the addition of fluorine materials can remove peculiar smell generated by resin for grinding the inner wall of a steel pipe.

The grinding wheel manufactured by the two methods has narrow application range, the grinding wheel can only be specially used or used for common cutting, grinding and rough grinding when being matched with 24-40-mesh grinding materials, the requirements of semi-fine grinding and fine grinding of workpieces cannot be met, and furfural and aralkyl in the selected bonding agent furan resin are toxic and are not beneficial to environmental protection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel which has high density and high strength, obviously improves the durability and the grinding efficiency, improves the finish grade, reduces the correction times, saves energy and protects the environment; meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method with low energy consumption, no pollution and short production period; in addition, the invention also provides a new application of the product.

The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel comprises the following main materials in percentage by mass:

30-70% of single crystal corundum, 10-50% of microcrystalline corundum, 5-30% of white corundum, 3-40% of silicon carbide abrasive, 3-50% of metal powder or metal oxide, 3-30% of diamond, 3-30% of cubic boron nitride and 3-15% of pore-forming agent;

the raw materials are measured by 100 percent, and 10 to 25 percent of bonding agent is also added.

The monocrystalline corundum is first-grade sand with the grain diameter of 24-320 meshes.

The microcrystalline corundum is first-grade sand with the grain size of 24-320 meshes.

The white corundum is first-grade sand with the grain diameter of 24-320 meshes.

Preferably, the metal powder is one or more of copper powder, iron powder or aluminum powder.

The binding agent is polyimide, polyurethane, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate or resol.

The main material comprises the following component Al in percentage by mass₂O₃50-90%, C3-60%, metal oxide 0.1-35%, and metal object 3-50%.

The preparation method of the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel comprises the following steps:

(1) firstly, weighing the main materials in proportion respectively, and then putting the main materials into a closed material mixing pot to mix the materials for 15 to 25 minutes in a rotating way, so that the main materials are rubbed with each other to generate heat;

(2) then, adding a bonding agent, continuously mixing for 8-12 minutes, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the bonding agent is uniformly adhered to the abrasive particles for later use;

(3) weighing the mixed material, putting the mixed material into a mold, heating the mixed material at 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, pressing the mixed material for 15 to 20 minutes, curing and forming the mixed material, taking the mixed material out, putting the mixed material on a flat plate, feeding the mixed material into an electric furnace for 1 hour, heating the mixed material to 180 ℃, and curing the mixed material for 1 hour; heating to 220 ℃ and 230 ℃ for 2 hours, and curing for 5-6 hours;

(4) and (3) cooling to 75-85 ℃ after the furnace is stopped, taking out, performing plane machining by using a plane grinder, performing static balance test, performing a rotation test with the linear speed 1.6 times higher than the use linear speed to ensure the rotation strength, and obtaining the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel after the test is qualified.

In the case of press molding, isostatic pressing is preferably employed.

The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel is applied to the field of ceramics and belongs to a new application.

In the formula, the single crystal corundum has multi-angle cutting edges and higher hardness and toughness due to the unique smelting mode of the single crystal corundum, and is suitable for forming and grinding with larger contact surface; the microcrystalline corundum has a submicron microcrystalline structure by adopting a gel process, has unique fracture property, can provide more new cutting surfaces on the microstructure, is sharper, can effectively reduce heat damage generated in the grinding process, and improves the grinding quality of workpieces; the silicon carbide abrasive has good heat conduction and polishing effects, can quickly and uniformly diffuse heat generated by grinding, reduces heat damage of workpieces and improves the smoothness; metal powder with a certain proportion of fine particle size is uniformly dispersed in the grinding material and the binding agent to play a role of skeleton support, so that the grinding material is not easy to fall off too early, the grinding material can be fully used to the maximum extent, and the durability of the grinding wheel is improved; the diamond abrasive has the characteristics that the diamond abrasive can be used for efficiently grinding non-metal difficult-to-process materials such as hard alloy, glass, ceramics, jade and the like, and has the highest hardness and the longest service life of processing time; the cubic boron nitride has high hardness, thermal stability and chemical inertness, and is not easy to generate chemical reaction with iron elements, so that the cubic boron nitride is used for grinding various high-temperature high-hardness materials with low thermal conductivity, such as high-speed steel, tool steel, alloy quenched steel and the like, has excellent grinding performance, can not only be used for precise processing of difficult-to-grind materials, but also can effectively improve the grinding quality of workpieces; the pore-forming agent is added in a certain proportion, a plurality of micro air holes are dispersed in the tissue of the grinding wheel after the grinding wheel is solidified, when the grinding wheel rotates at a high speed, the air holes can accelerate the air convection, the cooling of the workpiece is accelerated, the workpiece is not easy to burn, in addition, the air holes are beneficial to the drainage of grinding materials, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is not easy to block, and the cutting capability and the durability are improved.

In conclusion, the grinding wheel disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grinding advantages of various grinding materials are fully exerted through the mutual cooperation of the grinding materials by reasonable proportioning of the various grinding materials, and the grinding wheels are matched with polyimide and the like as binding agents and are pressed and formed through a hot pressing process, so that the grinding wheel has the characteristics of high grinding efficiency, high durability, long service life, high linear speed, difficulty in damage, high smoothness, short production period, energy conservation, environmental friendliness and the like, is suitable for cutting, grinding, rough grinding and the like of common resin grinding wheels, is better than various precision grinding of ceramic grinding wheels, and is suitable for most grinding fields.

Through actual tests, compared with a ceramic grinding wheel, the durability of the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel prepared by the invention is improved by about 4.3 times; the grinding efficiency is improved by about 30 percent (the product grinds 3900 workpieces in 12 hours per piece with the same specification, and only 900 workpieces are ground in 4 hours by the seepage grinding wheel); the degree of finish is improved by one grade (80 meshes of the grinding wheel of the invention reach 0.4, and more than 100 meshes of the original grinding wheel need to be used when the original grinding wheel reaches the same degree of finish); the number of times of correction is reduced by 60% (about 800 times of correction of the grinding wheel 3900 workpiece, 1300 times of correction of the grinding wheel in the prior art).

The high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel provided by the invention has the advantages that the durability of the grinding wheel is improved by 2.5 times, the efficiency is improved by more than 40% (the product uses 1 welding seam with the same length for about 10 minutes, and the other two welding seams use 2.5 welding seams for 18 minutes), the strength is high, the product is not easy to damage, the use is safe, the linear speed can be improved by 10-20 m/s, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the raw material energy is fully and efficiently utilized, and the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel is economical and environment-friendly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel has high density (the density value is 3.3 g/cm)³The density in the prior art is generally 3g/cm³The rotary linear speed reaches 80 m/s, the highest in the prior art is 60 m/s), the durability and the grinding efficiency are obviously improved, the degree of finish is improved, the number of correction times is reduced, and the rotary linear speed is energy-saving and environment-friendly;

(2) the preparation method has the advantages of low energy consumption, no pollution, short production period of only about 2 days;

(3) the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel prepared by the invention has the advantages of both the common resin grinding wheel and the ceramic grinding wheel, is widely applicable to precision grinding and cutting and polishing of mechanical processing of bearings, gears, screw taps, tools and the like, is environment-friendly, nontoxic and harmless, can replace a toxic ceramic seepage grinding wheel, and solves the technical problem of grinding the seepage grinding wheel in bearing channels for decades;

(4) the high-efficiency wear-resistant resin grinding wheel is particularly suitable for the field of ceramics, and has remarkable economic benefit and social value.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The raw materials used are all commercial raw materials.