阅读说明：本技术 一种超滑水润滑添加剂、超滑水润滑剂及制备方法与应用 (Super-lubricating water lubricating additive, super-lubricating water lubricant, preparation method and application ) 是由 车清论 张建军 梁森 崔宁 吕滨江 徐洋 马兴华 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种超滑水润滑添加剂、超滑水润滑剂及制备方法与应用,超滑水润滑添加剂为空心球壳结构,所述空心球壳结构包括至少一层球壳；所述球壳由内至外依次包括第一聚多巴胺层、纳米颗粒层、第二聚多巴胺层、氧化石墨烯层,或者,所述球壳由内至外依次包括第一聚多巴胺层、纳米颗粒层、第二聚多巴胺层、石墨烯层、第三聚多巴胺层；所述纳米颗粒层的纳米颗粒为纳米金刚石、纳米二硫化钼或纳米二硫化钨。将超滑水润滑添加剂制备成均匀水溶液,获得超滑水润滑剂。本发明提供的超滑水润滑添加剂易在对偶表面吸附,在摩擦过程中释放的纳米颗粒与球形氧化石墨烯或石墨烯协同形成滚动摩擦,降低摩擦磨损。(The invention discloses a super-lubricating water additive, a super-lubricating water lubricant, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the super-lubricating water additive is of a hollow spherical shell structure, and the hollow spherical shell structure comprises at least one layer of spherical shell; the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer and a graphene oxide layer from inside to outside, or the spherical shell sequentially comprises the first polydopamine layer, the nanoparticle layer, the second polydopamine layer, the graphene layer and a third polydopamine layer from inside to outside; the nano particles of the nano particle layer are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide. The super-lubricating water lubricant additive is prepared into a uniform aqueous solution to obtain the super-lubricating water lubricant. The super-lubricating water additive provided by the invention is easy to adsorb on a dual surface, and the nano particles released in the friction process cooperate with spherical graphene oxide or graphene to form rolling friction so as to reduce friction and wear.)

1. The super-lubricating water additive is characterized in that the super-lubricating water additive is of a hollow spherical shell structure, and the hollow spherical shell structure comprises at least one layer of spherical shell;

the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer and a graphene oxide layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide;

or the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer, a graphene layer and a third polydopamine layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide.

2. A preparation method of a super-lubricity water lubricating additive is characterized in that a first poly-dopamine layer is prepared on the surface of spherical nano metal oxide, nanoparticles are connected to the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, the nanoparticle layer is loaded on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, a second poly-dopamine layer is prepared on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer is bonded with a graphene oxide surface group through hydroxyl or a pi-pi bond, graphene oxide forms a graphene oxide layer on the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer, and the nano metal oxide is etched and removed by adopting an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide;

or preparing a first poly dopamine layer on the surface of the spherical nano metal oxide, connecting nanoparticles on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, loading the nanoparticle layer on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, preparing a second poly dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, bonding the surface of the second poly dopamine layer with a surface group of graphene oxide through hydroxyl or pi-pi bonds, forming graphene oxide layers on the surfaces of the second poly dopamine layers by using graphene, preparing a third poly dopamine layer on the surfaces of the graphene oxide layers by using dopamine, reducing the graphene oxide into graphene by using the dopamine when preparing the third poly dopamine layer, and etching and removing the nano metal oxide by using an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide.

3. The method for preparing the super-lubricity water lubricant additive as claimed in claim 2, wherein the process for preparing the first poly-dopamine layer on the surface of the spherical nano metal oxide comprises: adding the nano metal oxide into a dopamine polymerization reaction system for polymerization, wherein the dopamine polymerization reaction system comprises dopamine hydrochloride, Tris solution and hydrochloric acid.

4. The method of preparing the super-lubricity water lubricant additive according to claim 2, wherein the process of attaching the nanoparticles to the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer comprises: and adding the dispersion liquid of the nano particles into the nano metal oxide solution coated by the first poly dopamine layer, and mixing for 10-24 hours.

5. The method of preparing the super-lubricity water lubricant additive according to claim 2, wherein the second dopamine layer is prepared on the surface of the nanoparticle layer by: and adding the composite material with the nanoparticle layer loaded on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer into a dopamine polymerization reaction system for polymerization reaction, wherein the dopamine polymerization reaction system comprises dopamine hydrochloride, Tris solution and hydrochloric acid.

6. The method for preparing the super-lubricity water lubricant additive according to claim 2, wherein the formation of the graphene oxide layer on the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer is carried out by: and adding the composite material for preparing the second poly dopamine layer on the surface of the nano particle layer into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and mixing for 10-24 hours.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein the nano metal oxide is removed by etching and then freeze-dried.

8. A super-lubricating water lubricant, which is an aqueous solution of the super-lubricating water lubricant additive according to claim 1 or the super-lubricating water lubricant additive obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 7.

9. The super-lubricity water lubricant as claimed in claim 8, wherein the mass concentration of the super-lubricity water lubricant additive is 0.01 to 1.00%; preferably, the mass concentration of the super-lubricating water additive is 0.45-0.55%.

10. Use of the ultra-lubricious water lubricant of claim 8 or 9 for mechanical moving parts or for biolubrication.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a super-lubricating water lubricant additive, a super-lubricating water lubricant, a preparation method and application.

Background

The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

The mechanical moving parts consume energy due to friction in the moving process, and are worn to cause failure and damage, so that huge economic loss is brought to people, and environmental pollution is caused. How to recognize and control the friction and the abrasion of key parts of motor vehicles, micro-nano mechanical components and the like becomes a key. Scientists find that almost zero friction and abrasion exist between van der waals solid surfaces (such as two-dimensional material surfaces of graphene, molybdenum disulfide and the like) which are not in contact with each other, and the friction coefficient defining the ultra-slip phenomenon is less than 0.01. Ultra-lubricity will have profound significance in saving energy, cost and environmental safety. While scientists have developed and used a variety of solid and liquid lubricants, ultra-smooth behavior is rarely achieved on a macroscopic or engineering scale. Environmental problems caused by friction of mechanical moving parts in the moving process gradually enter the visual field of people, and the water medium lubricant which is low in price and environment-friendly is more and more attracted by people in the field of tribology. The inventor of the invention finds that under the condition of boundary lubrication or mixed lubrication, pure water lubrication performance is poor, a water film is easy to break, and metal surfaces are in direct contact, namely solid-solid contact, so that the application of the lubricating oil in the fields of moving parts and joint fluid lubrication is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the super-lubricating water lubricant additive, the super-lubricating water lubricant, the preparation method and the application, which can enhance the bearing capacity of the water lubricant and reduce friction and wear.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

in one aspect, a super-lubricating additive is a hollow spherical shell structure, wherein the hollow spherical shell structure comprises at least one layer of spherical shell;

the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer and a graphene oxide layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide;

or the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer, a graphene layer and a third polydopamine layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide.

On the other hand, the preparation method of the super-lubricity water lubricating additive comprises the steps of preparing a first poly-dopamine layer on the surface of spherical nano metal oxide, connecting nanoparticles on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, enabling the nanoparticle layer to be loaded on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, then preparing a second poly-dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, bonding the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer with a graphene oxide surface group through hydroxyl or a pi-pi bond, enabling graphene oxide to form a graphene oxide layer on the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer, and etching and removing the nano metal oxide by adopting an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide;

or preparing a first poly dopamine layer on the surface of the spherical nano metal oxide, connecting nanoparticles on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, loading the nanoparticle layer on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, preparing a second poly dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, bonding the surface of the second poly dopamine layer with a surface group of graphene oxide through hydroxyl or pi-pi bonds, forming graphene oxide layers on the surfaces of the second poly dopamine layers by using graphene, preparing a third poly dopamine layer on the surfaces of the graphene oxide layers by using dopamine, reducing the graphene oxide into graphene by using the dopamine when preparing the third poly dopamine layer, and etching and removing the nano metal oxide by using an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide.

In a third aspect, a super-lubricious water lubricant is an aqueous solution of the above-described super-lubricious water lubricant additive.

In a fourth aspect, the use of an ultra-lubricious water lubricant as described above for mechanical moving parts or for biolubrication.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, deionized water is used as a lubricating liquid, and the in-situ assembled spherical hollow graphene oxide or graphene/nanoparticle composite material is used as a lubricating additive, so that the in-situ assembled spherical hollow graphene oxide or graphene/nanoparticle rolls on a friction surface, and friction and wear are reduced; the poly-dopamine contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups and amino groups, and is easy to adsorb the surfaces of friction pairs, the poly-dopamine is easy to disperse in water, and the ultra-smooth water lubricant with different additive mass concentrations is prepared under the atmospheric environment condition.

2. The super-smooth water lubricant can be stored for 1-2 years without obvious precipitation and has long shelf life.

3. Tribology tests show that the water lubricant obtained by the invention has super-smooth lubricating behavior and wear resistance, so that the water lubricant can be used as a super-smooth lubricant material for mechanical moving parts or biological lubricating parts in atmospheric environment.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of example 17 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plot of a friction test of a pure deionized water lubricant on a ball-and-disk;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the friction test of the ultra-lubricious water lubricant prepared in example 1 of the invention on a ball-and-disk.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In view of the problems of poor pure water lubrication performance, easy breakage of a water film and the like, the invention provides an ultra-lubricating water lubricating additive, an ultra-lubricating water lubricant, a preparation method and application.

In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a super-lubricity water lubricant additive is provided, wherein the super-lubricity water lubricant additive has a hollow spherical shell structure, and the hollow spherical shell structure comprises at least one layer of spherical shell;

the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer and a graphene oxide layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide;

or the spherical shell sequentially comprises a first polydopamine layer, a nanoparticle layer, a second polydopamine layer, a graphene layer and a third polydopamine layer from inside to outside, and nanoparticles of the nanoparticle layer are nano-diamond, nano-molybdenum disulfide or nano-tungsten disulfide.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the super-lubricity water lubricating additive, which comprises the steps of preparing a first poly-dopamine layer on the surface of spherical nano metal oxide, connecting nanoparticles on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, loading a nanoparticle layer on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer, then preparing a second poly-dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, bonding the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer with a graphene oxide surface group through hydroxyl or pi-pi bonds, forming a graphene oxide layer on the surface of the second poly-dopamine layer by using graphene oxide, and etching and removing the nano metal oxide by using an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide;

or preparing a first poly dopamine layer on the surface of the spherical nano metal oxide, connecting nanoparticles on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, loading the nanoparticle layer on the surface of the first poly dopamine layer, preparing a second poly dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer, bonding the surface of the second poly dopamine layer with a surface group of graphene oxide through hydroxyl or pi-pi bonds, forming graphene oxide layers on the surfaces of the second poly dopamine layers by using graphene, preparing a third poly dopamine layer on the surfaces of the graphene oxide layers by using dopamine, reducing the graphene oxide into graphene by using the dopamine when preparing the third poly dopamine layer, and etching and removing the nano metal oxide by using an acid solution; the nano particles are nano diamond, nano molybdenum disulfide or nano tungsten disulfide.

The spherical nano metal oxide (10-150nm) in the invention is, for example, nano aluminum oxide, nano copper oxide and the like.

The method can obtain the super-lubricating additive with the spherical shell structure, and if the super-lubricating additive with the spherical shell structure with more than two layers is required to be obtained, the super-lubricating additive with the spherical shell structure replaces nano metal oxide to repeat the preparation method.

In some examples of this embodiment, the process of preparing the first poly dopamine layer on the surface of the spherical nano metal oxide is: adding the nano metal oxide into a dopamine polymerization reaction system for polymerization, wherein the dopamine polymerization reaction system comprises dopamine hydrochloride, Tris solution and hydrochloric acid. Dopamine hydrochloride can be replaced by dopamine. The pH value in the dopamine polymerization reaction system is 8.0-9.0.

In some examples of this embodiment, the process of attaching the nanoparticles to the surface of the first polydopamine layer is: and adding the dispersion liquid of the nano particles into the nano metal oxide solution coated by the first poly dopamine layer, and mixing for 10-24 hours.

In some examples of this embodiment, the process for preparing the second poly-dopamine layer on the surface of the nanoparticle layer is: and adding the composite material with the nanoparticle layer loaded on the surface of the first poly-dopamine layer into a dopamine polymerization reaction system for polymerization reaction, wherein the dopamine polymerization reaction system comprises dopamine hydrochloride, Tris solution and hydrochloric acid. Dopamine hydrochloride can be replaced by dopamine. The pH value in the dopamine polymerization reaction system is 8.0-9.0.

In some examples of this embodiment, the process of forming the graphene oxide layer on the surface of the second poly dopamine layer is: and adding the composite material for preparing the second poly dopamine layer on the surface of the nano particle layer into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and mixing for 10-24 hours.

In some examples of this embodiment, the nano-metal oxide is etched away and then freeze-dried.

In some examples of this embodiment, the process of making the third polydopamine layer is identical to the process of making the second polydopamine layer.

In some examples of this embodiment, the method of preparing graphene oxide is a Hummer modification method.

In a third embodiment of the present invention, a super-lubricious water lubricant is provided, which is an aqueous solution of the above super-lubricious water lubricant additive.

In some examples of this embodiment, the super-lubricity additive is present at a mass concentration of 0.01 to 1.00%. When the mass concentration of the super-lubricating water lubricating additive is 0.45-0.55%, the friction performance is better. After the friction and wear test under the atmospheric environment, the friction coefficient can reach 0.006, and the super-lubricity behavior is achieved, so that the prepared super-lubricity water lubricant can meet the lubrication requirement of materials or parts with higher requirement on the lubrication performance.

In a fourth embodiment of the invention, there is provided the use of the ultra-lubricious water lubricant described above for mechanical moving parts or biolubrications.

The biological lubrication of the present invention, such as synovial fluid lubrication, and the like.

In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.