阅读说明：本技术 一种生物炭基有机肥及其在蔬菜种植中的应用 (Biochar-based organic fertilizer and application thereof in vegetable planting ) 是由 刘乐 鞠美庭 赖睿特 李程 于 2021-03-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种生物炭基有机肥及其在蔬菜种植中的应用,属于农业废弃物资源化技术领域,所述生物炭基有机肥包括炭化农业废弃物和有机肥,所述炭化农业废弃物和有机肥的质量比为(5～10):(90～95)。本发明提供的生物炭基有机肥具有促进作物生长和改良土壤的作用。(The invention provides a biochar-based organic fertilizer and application thereof in vegetable planting, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural waste recycling, wherein the biochar-based organic fertilizer comprises carbonized agricultural wastes and an organic fertilizer, and the mass ratio of the carbonized agricultural wastes to the organic fertilizer is (5-10): 90-95. The biochar-based organic fertilizer provided by the invention has the effects of promoting the growth of crops and improving soil.)

1. The biochar-based organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising carbonized agricultural wastes and an organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized agricultural wastes to the organic fertilizer is (5-10) to (90-95).

2. The biochar-based organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbonized agricultural wastes comprise one or more of carbonized corn stalks, rice hulls and wheat stalks.

3. The biochar-based organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the carbonized agricultural waste comprises the following steps: drying and crushing crop straws or rice hulls to obtain crushed materials, and carrying out thermal cracking on the crushed materials to obtain carbonized agricultural wastes.

4. The biochar-based organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the temperature of thermal cracking is 300-500 ℃.

5. The biochar-based organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein the thermal cracking time is 3-4 h.

6. The biochar-based organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the biochar-based organic fertilizer is a granular fertilizer, the carbonized agricultural waste and the organic fertilizer are mixed and then sent to a granulation system, extruded, granulated and dried to obtain the granular fertilizer.

7. The application of the biochar-based organic fertilizer as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6 in vegetable planting.

8. The application according to claim 7, wherein the application comprises: the biochar-based organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer and is applied to cultivated land before crops are planted, and 2-5 tons of the biochar-based organic fertilizer is used per mu.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste recycling, in particular to a biochar-based organic fertilizer and application thereof in vegetable planting.

Background

The treatment of agricultural wastes such as crop straws and the like is a general problem, and the existing treatment mode has the defects of resource waste, environmental pollution and the like, and does not accord with the sustainable development concept. The straw is abandoned and burned at will, which not only pollutes the environment, but also is not beneficial to improving the soil quality and the productivity, and influences the sustainable development of agriculture. Meanwhile, in agricultural production, improper application of chemical fertilizers causes soil hardening, fertility reduction and soil environment destruction. At present, the excessive dependence on the fertilizer is urgently needed to be eliminated, and a high-quality and high-efficiency fertilizer capable of partially replacing the fertilizer, improving soil is sought.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a biochar-based organic fertilizer and an application thereof in vegetable planting, and the biochar-based organic fertilizer provided by the present invention has effects of promoting crop growth and improving soil.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a biochar-based organic fertilizer which comprises carbonized agricultural wastes and an organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized agricultural wastes to the organic fertilizer is (5-10) to (90-95).

Preferably, the carbonized agricultural wastes comprise one or more of carbonized corn straws, rice hulls and wheat straws.

Preferably, the preparation method of the carbonized plant straws comprises the following steps: drying and crushing crop straws or rice hulls to obtain crushed materials, and carrying out thermal cracking on the crushed materials to obtain carbonized agricultural wastes.

Preferably, the thermal cracking temperature is 300-500 ℃.

Preferably, the thermal cracking time is 3-4 h.

Preferably, when the biochar-based organic fertilizer is a granular fertilizer, the carbonized agricultural waste and the organic fertilizer are mixed and then sent to a granulation system, extruded, granulated and dried to obtain the granular fertilizer.

The invention also provides application of the biochar-based organic fertilizer in the technical scheme in vegetable planting.

Preferably, the application comprises: the biochar-based organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer and is applied to cultivated land before crops are planted, and 2-5 tons of the biochar-based organic fertilizer is used per mu.

The invention provides a biochar-based organic fertilizer which comprises carbonized agricultural wastes and an organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized agricultural wastes to the organic fertilizer is (5-10) to (90-95). The biochar-based organic fertilizer provided by the invention has the effects of promoting the growth of crops and improving soil. The carbonized agricultural wastes have porous structures, can effectively retain nutrients in soil, and play a role in promoting crop growth when applied to the soil.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a biochar-based organic fertilizer which comprises carbonized agricultural wastes and an organic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio of the carbonized agricultural wastes to the organic fertilizer is (5-10) to (90-95).

In the invention, the carbonized agricultural waste preferably comprises one or more of carbonized corn stalks, rice stalks and wheat stalks. In the present invention, the method for preparing carbonized agricultural waste preferably comprises: drying and crushing crop straws or rice hulls to obtain crushed materials, and carrying out thermal cracking on the crushed materials to obtain carbonized agricultural wastes. In the invention, the thermal cracking temperature is preferably 300-500 ℃, and the thermal cracking time is preferably 3-4 h. In the present invention, the thermal cracking is preferably performed in a carbonization furnace. In the invention, if the granular organic fertilizer is prepared from the biochar-based organic fertilizer, the materials are uniformly mixed and then sent into a granulation system, and a conventional extrusion granulation method is adopted to obtain the granulated organic fertilizer after drying.

The source of the organic fertilizer is not specially limited.

In the invention, the charcoal-based organic fertilizer is preferably used as a base fertilizer and is applied to cultivated land before planting crops, and 2-5 tons of the charcoal-based organic fertilizer is used per mu.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Mixing an organic fertilizer and rice husk carbon to prepare a biochar-based organic fertilizer, wherein the rice husk carbon accounts for 5% of the total mass of the biochar-based organic fertilizer, and the rice husk carbon is prepared by a conventional method for preparing the rice husk carbon;

(2) applying the biochar-based organic fertilizer and a base fertilizer into the soil together, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, the application amount of the biochar-based organic fertilizer is 2 tons/mu, and the conventional base fertilizer type and application amount are adopted;

(3) and (4) sowing rape in the land, uniformly watering in sufficient quantity, and adopting conventional planting management.

As a result: the rape is fertilized and planted for 35 days, and the weight of each rape which is mature and harvested reaches more than 44 g.

Example 2

(1) Mixing an organic fertilizer and rice husk carbon to prepare a biochar-based organic fertilizer, wherein the rice husk carbon accounts for 5% of the total mass of the biochar-based organic fertilizer, and the rice husk carbon is prepared by a conventional method for preparing the rice husk carbon;

(2) applying the biochar-based organic fertilizer and a base fertilizer into the soil together, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15cm, the application amount of the biochar-based organic fertilizer is 2 tons/mu, and the conventional base fertilizer type and application amount are adopted;

(3) and (4) sowing the leaf lettuce in the land, uniformly watering in sufficient quantity, and adopting conventional planting management.

As a result: the leaf lettuce is fertilized and planted for 35 days, and the weight of each leaf lettuce which is mature and harvested reaches more than 29 g.

Example 3

(1) Mixing an organic fertilizer and rice husk carbon to prepare a biochar-based organic fertilizer, wherein the rice husk carbon accounts for 5% of the total mass of the biochar-based organic fertilizer, and the rice husk carbon is prepared by a conventional method for preparing the rice husk carbon;

(2) applying the biological carbon-based organic fertilizer and a base fertilizer into the soil together, and carrying out rotary tillage with the depth of 10-15cm, wherein the application amount of the carbon-based fertilizer is 2 tons/mu, and the conventional base fertilizer type and application amount are adopted;

(3) and (4) sowing the pakchoi in the land, uniformly watering in a sufficient amount, and adopting conventional planting management.

As a result: the pakchoi is fertilized and planted for 28 days, and the weight of each mature pakchoi is over 46 g.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.