阅读说明：本技术 放射性沸石废物的固化处理方法 (Solidification treatment method of radioactive zeolite waste ) 是由 卢喜瑞 舒小艳 魏贵林 黄雯孝 唐鹤溪 于 2020-04-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开了一种放射性沸石废物的固化处理方法,包括以下步骤：1)研磨放射性沸石废物；2)通过烧结设备对研磨后的放射性沸石进行烧结,达到设定的烧结温度后按照预设的保温时间进行保温,保温完成后冷却,得到沸石烧结体。本申请通过加热烧结能够得到较高体积密度和较高的抗压强度的沸石烧结体,能够良好地抑制放射性核素在自然界中的迁移。本发明的方法具有良好的工业应用前景。(The application discloses a method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste, which comprises the following steps: 1) grinding radioactive zeolite waste; 2) and sintering the ground radioactive zeolite by sintering equipment, keeping the temperature according to preset heat preservation time after the preset sintering temperature is reached, and cooling after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a zeolite sintered body. According to the method, the zeolite sintered body with higher volume density and higher compressive strength can be obtained by heating and sintering, and the migration of the radionuclide in the nature can be well inhibited. The method has good industrial application prospect.)

1. A method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste, comprising the steps of:

1) grinding radioactive zeolite waste;

2) and sintering the ground radioactive zeolite by sintering equipment, keeping the temperature according to preset heat preservation time after the preset sintering temperature is reached, and cooling after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a zeolite sintered body.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the radioactive zeolite waste is ground to have an average particle size in the range of 20 μm to 5000 μm.

3. The method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste according to claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 800 to 1500 ℃.

4. The method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cooling means is a natural cooling to room temperature.

5. The method for solidifying the radioactive zeolite waste according to claim 3, wherein the sintering equipment is a muffle furnace, the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature at a temperature raising rate of 1-5 ℃/min, and the holding time is 1-14 h.

6. The method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste according to claim 3, wherein the sintering equipment is a spark plasma sintering device, the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature at a temperature raising rate of 400-600 ℃/min, and the holding time is 1-10 min.

7. The method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste according to claim 3, wherein the sintering equipment is a microwave device, the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature at a temperature raising rate of 40-60 ℃/min, and the holding time is 30-120 min.

8. The method for solidification treatment of radioactive zeolite waste according to claim 1, wherein the radioactive zeolite waste is ground in step 1) by a grinding apparatus comprising:

the upper end of the rotating disc is provided with at least one grinding body, and the grinding body is provided with a grinding groove;

the lifting frame is positioned above the rotating disc;

the lifting element is fixed with the lifting frame and used for driving the lifting frame to be close to or far away from the rotating disc;

grind mechanism, including installing planetary wheel set, the driving motor of drive planetary wheel set work on the crane and articulating the grinding rod on planetary wheel set, the lower extreme of grinding rod is used for stretching into in the grinding groove, the annular motion is done to the upper end that can drive the grinding rod after the driving motor work.

9. The method for solidifying and treating radioactive zeolite waste as claimed in claim 8, wherein said planetary gear set comprises a toothed ring having teeth on its inner side wall, a driving gear located at the center of the toothed ring, and a moving gear located between the toothed ring and the driving gear, said moving gear is engaged with both the toothed ring and the driving gear, the upper end of said grinding rod is hinged to the end face of said moving gear, said driving gear is driven by said driving motor to rotate, so as to drive the moving gear to make annular motion:

the grinding device comprises four grinding bodies, a rotating disc and a rotating motor, wherein the four grinding bodies are uniformly distributed around the axis of the rotating disc, the outer side wall of the rotating disc is provided with a first gear, a second gear is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the rotating motor can control the rotating disc to rotate;

the grinding device comprises a rotating disc, two grinding mechanisms, two stirring mechanisms and four grinding bodies, wherein the two grinding mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating disc;

the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring rod fixed with an output shaft of the stirring motor, a stirring sheet is arranged at the lower end of the stirring rod, and the stirring rod is used for extending into the grinding tank and stirring materials through the stirring sheet.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the elevating member is a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod, the moving gear has a ball seat at an end surface thereof, and the grinding rod has a ball inserted into the ball seat at an upper end thereof.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of radioactive waste treatment, in particular to a solidification treatment method of radioactive zeolite waste.

Background

The rapid development of nuclear energy inevitably produces certain radioactive waste water, and common methods for treating the radioactive waste water include a concentration method, a precipitation method, an ion exchange method and an adsorbent adsorption method. Zeolite is a natural mineral that is commonly used as an adsorbent in water treatment processes, and it also functions as both an ion exchanger and a filter. Compared with other inorganic adsorbents, the adsorbent has larger adsorption capacity and purification effect. Such as decontamination factor for removing radioactive fission products from water: 3.3-4.3 percent of vermiculite; 4.5-6.2 parts of kaolin; 8.2 parts of pyrolusite; and the zeolite is 62-68. The purification capacity of zeolite is also more than 10 times higher than that of other inorganic adsorbents.

However, the storage amount of radioactive waste water is large, so that the accumulation amount of radioactive zeolite waste obtained after the radioactive waste water is treated by zeolite is larger and larger. Even if radioactive zeolite waste can be regenerated into clean zeolite by chemical regeneration, biological regeneration, or the like, there is a problem of secondary pollution. Meanwhile, the regeneration method has the problem of low efficiency as a whole. Therefore, in combination with the need for long-term disposal of radioactive waste, it is crucial for the disposal of radioactive zeolite waste obtained from zeolite treatment of radioactive waste water.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the problems and provides a method for solidifying radioactive zeolite waste.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method of solidifying radioactive zeolite waste, comprising the steps of:

1) grinding radioactive zeolite waste;

2) and sintering the ground radioactive zeolite by sintering equipment, keeping the temperature according to preset heat preservation time after the preset sintering temperature is reached, and cooling after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a zeolite sintered body.

The zeolite sintered body with higher bulk density and higher compressive strength can be obtained by heating and sintering, and the migration of the radionuclide in the nature can be well inhibited. The method has good industrial application prospect.

In one embodiment of the invention, the radioactive zeolite waste is ground to an average particle size in the range of 20 μm to 5000 μm.

The radioactive zeolite waste can be refined by grinding, and sintering operation is convenient.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the sintering temperature is 800-1500 ℃.

In practice, the sintering temperature may be from 900 ℃ to 1400 ℃, more specifically from 1100 ℃ to 1300 ℃.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling mode is natural cooling to room temperature.

In one embodiment of the invention, the sintering equipment is a muffle furnace, the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature at a temperature rise rate of 1-5 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 1-14 h.

The heat preservation time is more specifically 1-8 h.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the sintering equipment is a spark plasma sintering device, the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature at a temperature rise rate of 400-600 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 1-10 min.

The heat preservation time is more specifically 3 min-6 min.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the sintering equipment is a microwave device, the temperature is increased to the sintering temperature at a temperature increase rate of 40-60 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 30-120 min.

The heat preservation time is more specifically 30 min-60 min.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the radioactive zeolite waste is ground in step 1) by a grinding apparatus comprising:

the upper end of the rotating disc is provided with at least one grinding body, and the grinding body is provided with a grinding groove;

the lifting frame is positioned above the rotating disc;

the lifting element is fixed with the lifting frame and used for driving the lifting frame to be close to or far away from the rotating disc;

grind mechanism, including installing planetary wheel set, the driving motor of drive planetary wheel set work on the crane and articulating the grinding rod on planetary wheel set, the lower extreme of grinding rod is used for stretching into in the grinding groove, the annular motion is done to the upper end that can drive the grinding rod after the driving motor work.

Can drive the crane and grind the mechanism through the elevating element and move down, make the lower extreme of grinding rod stretch into and grind the groove, do the annular motion through the upper end that driving motor drove the grinding rod to the lower extreme of grinding rod and the cooperation of grinding the groove carry out the automatic grinding operation to the material.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the planetary gear set includes a gear ring having teeth on an inner side wall thereof, a driving gear located in a middle of the gear ring, and a moving gear located between the gear ring and the driving gear, the moving gear is simultaneously engaged with the gear ring and the driving gear, an upper end of the grinding rod is hinged to an end surface of the moving gear, and the driving motor is configured to drive the driving gear to rotate, so as to drive the moving gear to make an annular motion:

the grinding device comprises four grinding bodies, a rotating disc and a rotating motor, wherein the four grinding bodies are uniformly distributed around the axis of the rotating disc, the outer side wall of the rotating disc is provided with a first gear, a second gear is fixed on an output shaft of the rotating motor, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the rotating motor can control the rotating disc to rotate;

the grinding device comprises a rotating disc, two grinding mechanisms, two stirring mechanisms and four grinding bodies, wherein the two grinding mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the rotating disc;

the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring rod fixed with an output shaft of the stirring motor, a stirring sheet is arranged at the lower end of the stirring rod, and the stirring rod is used for extending into the grinding tank and stirring materials through the stirring sheet.

The working principle of the grinding equipment is as follows: adding materials into the grinding grooves, moving the lifting element downwards to drive the lifting frame, the grinding mechanism and the stirring mechanism to synchronously move downwards, so that the two grinding rods extend into the two corresponding grinding grooves, the two stirring rods respectively extend into the other two grinding grooves, the driving motor and the stirring motor work, the upper ends of the grinding rods do circular motion, the lower ends of the grinding rods grind the materials under the limiting action of the grinding grooves, and the stirring sheets of the stirring rods stir the materials; after the operation is carried out for the set time, the lifting element rises, the grinding rod and the stirring rod are separated from the grinding groove, the rotating motor works to drive the rotating disc to rotate 90 degrees, and after the rotating disc rotates in place, the lifting element moves downwards to carry out the grinding and stirring operation in the next period.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the lifting element is a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod, the end surface of the motion gear has a ball seat, and the upper end of the grinding rod has a ball body embedded in the ball seat.

In practice, in order to prevent the grinding rod from having a tendency to rotate in the vertical direction under the action of gravity, it is preferable that the ball body and the ball seat are in interference fit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the zeolite sintered body with higher bulk density and higher compressive strength can be obtained by heating and sintering, and the migration of the radionuclide in the nature can be well inhibited. The method has good industrial application prospect.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a XRD test result chart of a zeolite sintered body of example 1;

FIG. 2 is a XRD test result chart of the zeolite sintered body of example 2;

FIG. 3 is a XRD test result chart of the zeolite sintered body of example 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a grinding apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the grinding apparatus;

figure 6 is a schematic view of the crane and the lifting element.

The figures are numbered:

1. rotating the disc; 2. a grinding body; 3. a grinding groove; 4. a lifting frame; 5. a lifting element; 6. a grinding mechanism; 7. a planetary gear set; 8. a drive motor; 9. a grinding rod; 10. a toothed ring; 11. a drive gear; 12. a motion gear; 13. a first gear; 14. rotating the motor; 15. a second gear; 16. a stirring mechanism; 17. a stirring motor; 18. a stirring rod; 19. and (4) stirring the tablets.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.