阅读说明：本技术 一种果蔬清洗剂 (Fruit and vegetable cleaning agent ) 是由 曹军瑞 杜瑾 张晓青 马宇辉 于 2020-04-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种果蔬清洗剂,由下述组分按照重量百分比组成：硅藻土55％-70％、生物表面活性剂10％-15％、过氧碳酸钠9％-15％、环糊精9％-15％。本果蔬清洗剂对果蔬表面残留农药具有良好的去除效果,使用方法简单,温和不伤手,清洗后的废弃液排放到环境中不造成二次污染。(The invention discloses a fruit and vegetable cleaning agent, which consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 55-70% of diatomite, 10-15% of biosurfactant, 9-15% of sodium carbonate peroxide and 9-15% of cyclodextrin. The fruit and vegetable cleaning agent has a good effect of removing residual pesticides on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, is simple in use method, mild and free of hand injury, and waste liquid after cleaning is discharged into the environment and does not cause secondary pollution.)

1. The fruit and vegetable cleaning agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

55 to 70 percent of diatomite, 10 to 15 percent of biosurfactant and 9 to 15 percent of sodium percarbonate

9 to 15 percent of cyclodextrin

The biosurfactant is prepared by a method for preparing a surfactant from rhodococcus;

the particle size of the diatomite is 400-2500 meshes.

2. The fruit and vegetable cleaning agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cyclodextrin is one or a mixture of more than two of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and methylated beta-cyclodextrin.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of environment-friendly cleaning agents, and particularly relates to a diatomite and biosurfactant compounded fruit and vegetable cleaning agent.

Background

Most of the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent products sold in the market at present are chemically synthesized, contain components harmful to human bodies such as surfactants, fluorescent agents, whitening agents and the like, and a large amount of chemically synthesized detergents are discharged into environmental water bodies after being used and also cause harm to the ecological environment. The commercially available non-chemical synthetic fruit and vegetable cleaning agent mainly uses shell powder as a raw material, but the powder can make water be strong in alkalinity, easily hurt hands and corrode a container, and is inconvenient to operate.

The diatomite is a natural mineral substance, has extremely strong adsorption performance, stable chemical property and environmental friendliness. The prior patent adopts diatomite and other substances to prepare the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent. For example, the formulation of 'a diatomite powder for removing pesticide residue on fruits and vegetables and a preparation method thereof' (the publication No. CN 105969558B) contains 15-18% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, belonging to chemical surfactants. Chinese patent with application publication number CN108130230A discloses 'a novel fruit and vegetable cleaning agent containing load modified diatomite', and the formula contains essence and the like. The chemicals used in the above two patents may cause secondary pollution of food and environment.

Chinese patent application publication No. CN 109965189a discloses a "plant complex enzyme pesticide scavenger", the main components in the formula are diatomite and plant complex enzyme, wherein the plant complex enzyme is celastrus angulatus extract, garlic extract, onion extract, amylase, and pyrethrum extract, the preparation process is complex, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent which has good effect of removing residual pesticides on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, is simple in use method, mild and harmless to hands, and does not cause secondary pollution when waste liquid after cleaning is discharged into the environment.

The fruit and vegetable cleaning agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

55 to 70 percent of diatomite, 10 to 15 percent of biosurfactant and 9 to 15 percent of sodium percarbonate

9 to 15 percent of cyclodextrin

The biosurfactant is prepared by a method for preparing a surfactant from rhodococcus;

the particle size of the diatomite is 400-2500 meshes.

The invention has the following advantages:

the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and low-toxicity substance in all components, has a good effect of removing residual pesticides on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, is simple in use method, mild and harmless to hands, does not cause secondary pollution when the waste liquid after cleaning is discharged into the environment, and is environment-friendly and healthy. Meanwhile, the preparation process is simple and convenient, and is convenient to popularize.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments are provided to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The invention relates to a fruit and vegetable cleaning agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

55 to 70 percent of diatomite, 10 to 15 percent of biosurfactant and 9 to 15 percent of sodium percarbonate

9 to 15 percent of cyclodextrin.

The biosurfactant is as follows: the biosurfactant prepared by the method with the invention name of 'a preparation method of a surfactant produced by rhodococcus', and the patent number of 201510403950.3 comprises the technical steps of strain activation, strain seed liquid culture, strain fermentation culture and biosurfactant preparation. The operation steps comprise strain activation (S)₁) And culturing the strain seed liquid (S)₂) And fermenting and culturing the strain (S)₃) And biosurfactant preparation (S)₄) (ii) a Strain activation (S)₁) The Rhodococcus SY095 separated and screened from coastal mud flat sludge is inoculated into a solid fermentation culture medium for activation, and the strain is cultured in seed liquid (S)₂) The strain is activated (S)₁) Inoculating activated Rhodococcus strain in liquid fermentation culture medium to obtain seed solution, and performing fermentation culture (S)₃) Culturing strain seed liquid (S)₂) Inoculating the cultured seed solution into liquid fermentation medium to obtain fermentation culture solution, and preparing biosurfactant (S)₄) The strain is fermented and cultured (S)₃) The obtained fermentation culture solution is subjected to acid precipitation, centrifugal separation, organic solvent extraction and rotary evaporation to obtain a finished product of the biosurfactant; the liquid fermentation medium is a liquid fermentation medium taking soybean oil as a carbon source: 15-25 g/L of soybean oil, 2-4 g/L of urea and K₂HPO₄0.5～1.5g/L，KH₂PO₄0.5～1g/L，MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.25-0.75 g/L, pH 7.0-8.0, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30 min; the strain is fermented and cultured (S)₃) Culturing strain seed liquid (S)₂) Inoculating the obtained strain seed liquid into a 50L liquid fermentation culture medium for pilot fermentation, and culturing for 10-36 h under the conditions of 30 +/-3 ℃, stirring speed of 120-180 rpm and dissolved oxygen of 25-35 percent to obtain a fermentation culture solution; the Rhodococcus strain is Rhodococcus SY095(Rhodococcus sp.SY095), is obtained by separating and screening coastal mudflat sludge, is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) at 04/16 days 2015, and has the registration number of CGMCC No. 10724.

The particle size of the diatomite is 400-2500 meshes.

The cyclodextrin is one or a mixture of more than two of alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, gamma-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and methylated beta-cyclodextrin.

The preparation method of the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent comprises the following steps: the diatomite, the biosurfactant, the sodium peroxycarbonate and the cyclodextrin are mixed according to the proportion, powder of all the components is put into a powder tank of a dispersion machine, and the powder is uniformly dispersed at a high speed and then is filled into a plastic sealing bag.

Diatomite is a biogenic siliceous sedimentary rock which is mainly formed by sedimentating ancient diatom remains and belongs to natural mineral substances. The pesticide residue absorbent has the characteristics of fineness, looseness, light weight, porosity, strong water absorption and permeability, large specific surface area, strong adsorption performance and good adsorption and purification effects on pesticide residues. As the main component of the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent, the cleaning agent has stable performance and mild property, is not easy to hurt hands, and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment.

The biosurfactant is a product synthesized by microbial fermentation, has stronger surface activity, can reduce surface tension and stabilize emulsion, and can obviously increase the solubility of insoluble pesticide in water by utilizing the micelle action of the emulsion, so that pesticide residues on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables are easier to clean by water. The biosurfactant has simple preparation process, easy degradation and environmental protection.

The sodium percarbonate is a substance formed by combining sodium carbonate (soda) and hydrogen peroxide (active oxygen), and the active oxygen generated after being dissolved in water has a sterilization function and generates alkalescence, and can react with a weakly acidic organophosphorus pesticide to generate a non-toxic substance which is diluted to water and adsorbed by diatomite. Meanwhile, the cleaning agent is also a green and environment-friendly cleaning product.

Cyclodextrin is a cyclic oligosaccharide formed by connecting D- (+) -glucopyranose units through alpha-1, 4-glycosidic bonds, and has special structures and properties of 'inner cavity hydrophobic and outer wall hydrophilic'. Due to the polyhydroxy and hydrophobic cavity structures and strong viscosity of the cyclodextrin, pesticides, dust and the like with poor water solubility in fruits and vegetables can be well removed.