阅读说明：本技术 挖掘机液压系统及挖掘机 (Excavator hydraulic system and excavator ) 是由 辛剑波 王守伏 尹满义 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种挖掘机液压系统及挖掘机,该挖掘机液压系统包括执行元件、液压泵和集成阀,所述执行元件包括回转液压马达、行走液压马达、铲斗工作油缸、斗杆工作油缸和动臂工作油缸,所述液压泵为四联泵,所述四联泵包括依次串联的第一泵体、第二泵体、第三泵体和第四泵体,第一泵体的出油口与所述回转液压马达的进油口连通,第二泵体的出油口与斗杆工作油缸的进油口连通,第三泵体和第四泵体的出油口分别与集成阀上的进油口连通,行走液压马达、铲斗工作油缸和动臂工作油缸的工作油路分别与集成阀上的出油口连通；该挖掘机液压系统使得回转与动臂、斗杆与铲斗的动作可以完全独立,满足了挖掘机复合操作的协调性。(The invention discloses an excavator hydraulic system and an excavator, wherein the excavator hydraulic system comprises an executing element, a hydraulic pump and an integrated valve, the executing element comprises a rotary hydraulic motor, a walking hydraulic motor, a bucket working oil cylinder, a bucket rod working oil cylinder and a movable arm working oil cylinder, the hydraulic pump is a four-way pump, the four-way pump comprises a first pump body, a second pump body, a third pump body and a fourth pump body which are sequentially connected in series, an oil outlet of the first pump body is communicated with an oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor, an oil outlet of the second pump body is communicated with an oil inlet of the bucket rod working oil cylinder, oil outlets of the third pump body and the fourth pump body are respectively communicated with an oil inlet on the integrated valve, and working oil paths of the walking hydraulic motor, the bucket working oil cylinder and the movable arm working oil cylinder are respectively communicated with an oil; the excavator hydraulic system enables the rotation and the movement of the movable arm, the bucket rod and the bucket to be completely independent, and the coordination of the compound operation of the excavator is met.)

1. An excavator hydraulic system which is characterized in that:

the hydraulic control system comprises an execution element (1), a hydraulic pump (2) and an integrated valve (3), wherein the execution element (1) comprises a rotary hydraulic motor (11), a walking hydraulic motor (12), a bucket working oil cylinder (13), an arm working oil cylinder (14) and a movable arm working oil cylinder (15);

the hydraulic pump (2) is a four-way pump, and the four-way pump comprises a first pump body (21), a second pump body (22), a third pump body (23) and a fourth pump body (24) which are sequentially connected in series;

the oil outlet of the first pump body (21) is communicated with the oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor (11), the oil outlet of the second pump body (22) is communicated with the oil inlet of the bucket rod working oil cylinder (14), the oil outlets of the third pump body (23) and the fourth pump body (24) are communicated with the oil inlet of the integrated valve (3) respectively, and the working oil ways of the walking hydraulic motor (12), the bucket working oil cylinder (13) and the movable arm working oil cylinder (15) are communicated with the oil outlet of the integrated valve (3) respectively.

2. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic control system also comprises a first control valve (4), a second control valve (5), a first hydraulic oil tank and a second hydraulic oil tank;

an oil outlet of the first pump body (21) is communicated with an oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor (11), an oil outlet of the rotary hydraulic motor (11) is communicated with the first hydraulic oil tank, an oil inlet of the first pump body (21) is communicated with the first hydraulic oil tank, and the first control valve (4) is arranged on an oil path between the first pump body (21) and the rotary hydraulic motor (11); the oil-out of the second pump body (22) with the oil inlet intercommunication of dipper work hydro-cylinder, the oil return opening of dipper work hydro-cylinder (14) with second hydraulic tank intercommunication, the oil inlet of the second pump body (22) with second hydraulic tank intercommunication, second control valve (5) set up in the second pump body (22) with on the oil circuit between dipper work hydro-cylinder (14).

3. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein: the first pump body (21) and the second pump body (22) are dual pumps, and the third pump body (23) and the fourth pump body (24) are dual pumps.

4. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein: the first pump body (21), the second pump body (22), the third pump body (23) and the fourth pump body (24) are all variable displacement pumps.

5. The excavator hydraulic system of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the first pump body (21), the second pump body (22), the third pump body (23) and the fourth pump body (24) are all swash plate plunger pumps.

6. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 5, wherein: the swash plate plunger pump comprises a shell (211), a transmission shaft (212), a cylinder body (213) with a plunger hole and a plunger (214) matched with the plunger hole, wherein a ball head is arranged at the bottom end of the plunger (214), the transmission shaft (212) penetrates through the center of the cylinder body (213) and is connected with a driving shaft of an excavator engine, a flow distribution plate (215) is arranged on the cylinder body (213), a swash plate (216) is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, a sliding shoe (217) is arranged on the swash plate (216), and a ball containing cavity matched with the ball head of the plunger (214) is arranged on the sliding shoe (217).

7. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 6, wherein:

an adjusting screw (218) is arranged on the shell, and the adjusting screw (218) is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate (216).

8. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 1, wherein: the first pump body (21), the second pump body (22), the third pump body (23) and the fourth pump body (24) are gear pumps.

9. The excavator hydraulic system of claim 2, wherein: still include control button, control button includes left gyration control button, right gyration control button, dipper control button, scraper bowl control button, swing arm control button, left walking control button and right walking control button, left gyration control button and right gyration control button all with first control valve (4) electricity is connected, dipper control button with second control valve (5) electricity is connected, scraper bowl control button, swing arm control button, left walking control button and right walking control button all with the integrated valve electricity is connected.

10. Excavator, characterized in that the excavator comprises an excavator hydraulic system according to any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic systems of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system of an excavator and the excavator.

Background

An excavator is also called a digger and is an earth moving machine which uses a bucket to dig materials higher or lower than a bearing surface and loads the materials into a transport vehicle or unloads the materials to a stockyard. The existing excavator hydraulic system generally adopts a double-pump double-loop, wherein the double-pump double-loop forms two independent main oil paths, one main oil path is used for realizing rotation, left walking, arm action and movable arm action, and the other main oil path is used for realizing right walking, bucket action, movable arm action and spare oil cylinder action.

Although the compound operability of the excavator dual-pump hydraulic system is greatly improved, the incompatibility of the compound operability still exists, for example: when the excavator walks linearly, if the rotation and various devices are operated simultaneously, the oil supply of the left walking motor is changed, and the wriggling phenomenon occurs during walking; in the transportation operation, if the vertical movement of the working device is operated during the rotation, the rotation speed is rapidly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an excavator hydraulic system which can meet the coordination of the compound operation of an excavator.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an excavator hydraulic system capable of satisfying the coordination of the compound operation of the excavator.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an excavator hydraulic system in a first aspect, which comprises an execution element, a hydraulic pump and an integrated valve, wherein the execution element comprises a rotary hydraulic motor, a walking hydraulic motor, a bucket working oil cylinder, an arm working oil cylinder and a movable arm working oil cylinder;

the hydraulic pump is a four-way pump, and the four-way pump comprises a first pump body, a second pump body, a third pump body and a fourth pump body which are sequentially connected in series;

the oil outlet of the first pump body is communicated with the oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor, the oil outlet of the second pump body is communicated with the oil inlet of the bucket rod working oil cylinder, the oil outlets of the third pump body and the fourth pump body are respectively communicated with the oil inlet of the integrated valve, and working oil paths of the walking hydraulic motor, the bucket working oil cylinder and the movable arm working oil cylinder are respectively communicated with the oil outlet of the integrated valve.

The excavator hydraulic system further comprises a first control valve, a second control valve, a first hydraulic oil tank and a second hydraulic oil tank;

an oil outlet of the first pump body is communicated with an oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor, an oil outlet of the rotary hydraulic motor is communicated with the first hydraulic oil tank, an oil inlet of the first pump body is communicated with the first hydraulic oil tank, and the first control valve is arranged on an oil path between the first pump body and the rotary hydraulic motor; the oil outlet of the second pump body is communicated with the oil inlet of the bucket rod working oil cylinder, the oil return port of the bucket rod working oil cylinder is communicated with the second hydraulic oil tank, the oil inlet of the second pump body is communicated with the second hydraulic oil tank, and the second control valve is arranged on an oil way between the second pump body and the bucket rod working oil cylinder.

As described above, in the excavator hydraulic system, the first pump body and the second pump body are dual pumps, and the third pump body and the fourth pump body are dual pumps.

As above, in the excavator hydraulic system, the first pump body, the second pump body, the third pump body and the fourth pump body are all variable pumps.

As above, in the excavator hydraulic system, the first pump body, the second pump body, the third pump body and the fourth pump body are all swash plate plunger pumps.

According to the excavator hydraulic system, the swash plate plunger pump comprises a shell, a transmission shaft, a cylinder body provided with plunger holes and a plunger matched with the plunger holes, a ball head is arranged at the bottom end of the plunger, the transmission shaft penetrates through the center of the cylinder body and is connected with a driving shaft of an excavator engine, a valve plate is arranged on the cylinder body, a swash plate is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, a slipper is arranged on the swash plate, and a ball containing cavity matched with the ball head of the plunger is arranged on the slipper.

As mentioned above, the housing of the hydraulic system of the excavator is provided with the adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate.

As described above in the excavator hydraulic system, the first pump body, the second pump body, the third pump body and the fourth pump body are all gear pumps.

As above excavator hydraulic system still includes control button, control button includes left gyration control button, right gyration control button, dipper control button, movable arm control button, left walking control button and right walking control button, left gyration control button and right gyration control button all with first control valve electricity is connected, dipper control button with the second control valve electricity is connected, dipper control button, movable arm control button, left walking control button and right walking control button all with the integrated valve electricity is connected.

A second aspect of the invention provides an excavator comprising an excavator hydraulic system as described above.

The hydraulic system of the excavator comprises an executing element and a hydraulic pump, wherein the executing element comprises a rotary hydraulic motor, a walking hydraulic motor, a bucket working oil cylinder, an arm working oil cylinder and a movable arm working oil cylinder, the hydraulic pump is a four-way pump and comprises a first pump body, a second pump body, a third pump body and a fourth pump body, an oil outlet of the first pump body is connected with an oil inlet of the rotary hydraulic motor, an oil outlet of the second pump body is connected with an oil inlet of the arm oil cylinder, the third pump body and the fourth pump body control and drive the walking hydraulic motor, the bucket working oil cylinder and the movable arm working oil cylinder through an integrated valve, as the rotary hydraulic motor and the movable arm of the excavator in the working process and the arm and the bucket working oil cylinder are arranged in different hydraulic circuits, the arm working oil cylinder and the bucket working oil cylinder are respectively driven by the independent hydraulic pump, the bucket rod working oil cylinder and the rotary hydraulic motor are provided with independent hydraulic circuits, and the actions of the rotary hydraulic motor and the movable arm working oil cylinder as well as the actions of the bucket rod working oil cylinder and the bucket working oil cylinder can be completely independent, so that the coordination of the compound operation of the excavator is met.

The excavator comprises the excavator hydraulic system, the excavator hydraulic system is characterized in that a rotary hydraulic motor and a movable arm working cylinder, an arm working cylinder and a bucket working cylinder are arranged in different hydraulic circuits, the arm working cylinder and the rotary hydraulic motor are respectively driven by separate hydraulic pumps, the arm working cylinder and the rotary hydraulic motor are provided with separate hydraulic circuits, the actions of the rotary hydraulic motor and the movable arm, the arm and the bucket can be completely independent, and the coordination of the compound operation of the excavator is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic system of a conventional excavator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an excavator hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a quadruple pump of an excavator hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-an actuator;

2-a hydraulic pump;

3-an integration valve;

4-a first control valve;

5-a second control valve;

11-a rotary hydraulic motor;

12-a walking hydraulic motor;

13-bucket working cylinder;

14-a bucket rod working oil cylinder;

15-a boom work cylinder;

21-a first pump body;

22-a second pump body;

23-a third pump body;

24-a fourth pump body;

211-a housing;

212-a drive shaft;

213-cylinder body;

214-a plunger;

215-port plate;

216-a swash plate;

217-slipper;

218 — adjusting screws.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

A hydraulic system of an existing excavator adopts a double-pump double-loop, fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the existing excavator, and is shown in fig. 1, wherein the double pump is composed of a first hydraulic pump 1 'and a second hydraulic pump 2', the first hydraulic pump 1 'and the second hydraulic pump 2' realize pressurization for hydraulic oil of the hydraulic system of the excavator, one main oil path is used for realizing rotation, left walking, arm action and boom action, and the other main oil path is used for realizing right walking, bucket action, boom action and backup cylinder action. When the existing duplex pump is used for an excavator hydraulic system, the incompatibility of compound operability exists. For example, when walking in a straight line, if the rotary mechanism and various actuators are operated at the same time, the oil supply of the left walking motor will change, and the wriggling phenomenon occurs when walking; in the transportation operation, if the vertical movement of the working device is operated during the rotation, the rotation speed is rapidly reduced.

The invention provides an excavator hydraulic system and an excavator based on the problems.

The excavator hydraulic system and the excavator provided by the invention are described in detail in the following by combining specific embodiments.