阅读说明：本技术 一种运营期桥梁线形测量方法 (Bridge linear measuring method in operation period ) 是由 辛公锋 徐兴伟 徐传昶 刘涛 王阳春 苏文明 周希茂 梅延坤 朱晨辉 马乃轩 龙 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种运营期桥梁线形测量方法,该方法采用三维扫描仪与桥梁动挠度仪相结合,可以在不封闭交通的前提下测量桥梁线形。通过动挠度仪测量桥梁运营期间的动挠度变化,对三维扫描的桥梁线形进行修正,最大程度上还原出桥梁的真实线形状态,得到桥梁的真实线形所在范围,进而判断桥梁的健康状况。本发明提供的这种测量方法测量精度高,方便实用,为判断运营期的桥梁健康状况提供可靠依据,具有良好的经济效应和社会效益。(The invention provides a method for measuring the linear shape of a bridge in an operation period, which adopts the combination of a three-dimensional scanner and a bridge dynamic deflection instrument and can measure the linear shape of the bridge on the premise of not closing traffic. The dynamic deflection change during the operation of the bridge is measured by a dynamic deflection instrument, the three-dimensional scanned bridge line shape is corrected, the real line shape state of the bridge is restored to the maximum extent, the range of the real line shape of the bridge is obtained, and the health condition of the bridge is further judged. The measuring method provided by the invention has high measuring precision, is convenient and practical, provides reliable basis for judging the health condition of the bridge in the operation period, and has good economic effect and social benefit.)

1. A method for measuring the linear shape of a bridge in an operation period is characterized by comprising the following steps: measuring the bridge line shape in the operation period by adopting a three-dimensional scanner and a dynamic deflection instrument, and comprising the following steps of:

s1: establishing a coordinate system in a three-dimensional scanner;

s2: selecting a plurality of characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge;

s3: scanning the bridge by adopting a three-dimensional scanner, testing dynamic deflection data at different characteristic sections by adopting a dynamic deflection instrument, wherein the testing time of the dynamic deflection is matched with the three-dimensional scanning time;

s4, after scanning, selecting a characteristic point at each characteristic section according to the three-dimensional scanning coordinate image of the bridge, wherein the positions of the characteristic points on the characteristic sections correspond to each other, reading the coordinate values (x, y, z) of the characteristic points, and reading the maximum displacement of the characteristic sections measured by a dynamic deflectometer, which is plus △ h₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂；

S5: fitting the characteristic point coordinates (x, y, z) to obtain an approximate linear S-0 of the bridge;

s6 maximum displacement + △ h measured by dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement- △ h₂The feature point coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Fitting to obtain bridge line shape S-1, and correcting the coordinates of the characteristic points to (x, y, z- △ h)₂) Fitting to obtain a bridge linear shape S-2, wherein the bridge linear shape S-1 and the bridge linear shape S-2 form a bridge linear model; the line shape of the real bridge is between S-1 and S-2.

2. A method for measuring the linear shape of a bridge in an operation period is characterized by comprising the following steps: measuring the bridge line shape in the operation period by adopting a three-dimensional scanner and a dynamic deflection instrument, and comprising the following steps of:

s1: establishing a coordinate system in a three-dimensional scanner;

s2: selecting a plurality of characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge, and selecting a characteristic point at each characteristic section, wherein the positions of the characteristic points on the characteristic sections correspond to each other;

s3: scanning the characteristic points by using a three-dimensional scanner, testing dynamic deflection data at different characteristic sections by using a dynamic deflection instrument, wherein the testing time of the dynamic deflection is matched with the three-dimensional scanning time;

s4, after the scanning is finished, reading the coordinate values (x, y, z) of each characteristic point, and reading the maximum displacement of each characteristic section measured by a dynamic deflectometer + △ h₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂；

S5: fitting the characteristic point coordinates (x, y, z) to obtain an approximate linear S-0 of the bridge;

s6 maximum displacement + △ h measured by dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement- △ h₂The feature point coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Fitting to obtain bridge line shape S-1, and correcting the coordinates of the characteristic points to (x, y, z- △ h)₂) Fitting to obtain a bridge linear shape S-2, wherein the bridge linear shape S-1 and the bridge linear shape S-2 form a bridge linear model; the line shape of the real bridge is between S-1 and S-2.

3. The measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

and a target is arranged at each characteristic section in the S2 and is used for measuring the dynamic deflection of the bridge.

4. The measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the characteristic points are located at the edge of the same side of the bottom of the bridge.

5. The measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

the characteristic sections are arranged at equal intervals.

6. The measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that:

further comprising step S7: and repeating the steps S1-S6 at least once to obtain a plurality of bridge linear models, selecting the model with the bridge linear shape S-1 closest to the bridge linear shape S-2 as the final bridge linear model, wherein the real bridge linear shape is between the S-1 and the S-2 in the final bridge linear model.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bridge detection, in particular to a bridge alignment measuring method during bridge operation.

Background

Bridge alignment detection is an important content in the field of bridge detection, and many bridges (especially long-span bridges) have the problems of bridge deformation and the like caused by deflection of a beam body or settlement of piers after being put into operation, so that the bridge alignment needs to be monitored under the condition of not closing traffic so as to judge the health condition of the bridge. However, the bridge in the operation period vibrates in the vehicle passing process, so that the reference line shape of the bridge is difficult to accurately test by using the traditional measuring tools such as the total station and the like, and the measurement precision and the measurement frequency of the traditional measuring tools such as the total station and the like are low, so that the bridge elevation in the vibration process is difficult to accurately read. Therefore, bridge alignment monitoring during operation is a difficult point in the field of bridge detection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the linear shape of a bridge in an operation period, and solves the problems of low accuracy and high measurement difficulty in the traditional method for detecting the linear shape of the bridge in the operation period.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for measuring a bridge alignment during operation, which is characterized in that: measuring the bridge line shape in the operation period by adopting a three-dimensional scanner and a dynamic deflection instrument, and comprising the following steps of:

s1: establishing a coordinate system in a three-dimensional scanner;

s2: selecting a plurality of characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge;

s3: scanning the bridge by adopting a three-dimensional scanner, testing dynamic deflection data at different characteristic sections by adopting a dynamic deflection instrument, wherein the testing time of the dynamic deflection is matched with the three-dimensional scanning time;

s4, after scanning, selecting a characteristic point at each characteristic section according to the three-dimensional scanning coordinate image of the bridge, wherein the positions of the characteristic points on the characteristic sections correspond to each other, reading the coordinate values (x, y, z) of the characteristic points, and reading the maximum displacement of the characteristic sections measured by a dynamic deflectometer, which is plus △ h₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂；

S5: fitting the characteristic point coordinates (x, y, z) to obtain an approximate linear S-0 of the bridge;

s6 maximum displacement + △ h measured by dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement- △ h₂The feature point coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Fitting to obtain bridge line shape S-1, and correcting the coordinates of the characteristic points to (x, y, z- △ h)₂) Fitting to obtain a bridge linear shape S-2, wherein the bridge linear shape S-1 and the bridge linear shape S-2 form a bridge linear model; the line shape of the real bridge is between S-1 and S-2.

The invention also provides a method for measuring the linear shape of the bridge in the operation period in another embodiment, which is characterized in that: measuring the bridge line shape in the operation period by adopting a three-dimensional scanner and a dynamic deflection instrument, and comprising the following steps of:

s1: establishing a coordinate system in a three-dimensional scanner;

s2: selecting a plurality of characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge, and selecting a characteristic point at each characteristic section, wherein the positions of the characteristic points on the characteristic sections correspond to each other;

s3: scanning the characteristic points by using a three-dimensional scanner, testing dynamic deflection data at different characteristic sections by using a dynamic deflection instrument, wherein the testing time of the dynamic deflection is matched with the three-dimensional scanning time;

s4: after the scanning is finished, the coordinates of each characteristic point are readValue (x, y, z), maximum displacement + △ h of characteristic cross section measured by reading dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂；

S5: fitting the characteristic point coordinates (x, y, z) to obtain an approximate linear S-0 of the bridge;

s6 maximum displacement + △ h measured by dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement- △ h₂The feature point coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Fitting to obtain bridge line shape S-1, and correcting the coordinates of the characteristic points to (x, y, z- △ h)₂) Fitting to obtain a bridge linear shape S-2, wherein the bridge linear shape S-1 and the bridge linear shape S-2 form a bridge linear model; the line shape of the real bridge is between S-1 and S-2.

In any of the above embodiments, a target is further provided at each characteristic cross section in S2 for bridge dynamic deflection measurement.

In any of the above embodiments, the feature points are located at the edge of the same side of the bottom of the bridge.

In any of the above embodiments, the characteristic cross-sections are equally spaced.

In any of the above embodiments, further comprising step S7: and repeating the steps S1-S6 at least once to obtain a plurality of bridge linear models, selecting the model with the bridge linear shape S-1 closest to the bridge linear shape S-2 as the final bridge linear model, wherein the real bridge linear shape is between the S-1 and the S-2 in the final bridge linear model.

As mentioned above, the method for measuring the bridge line shape in the operation period provided by the invention adopts the combination of the three-dimensional scanner and the bridge dynamic deflection instrument, and can measure the bridge line shape on the premise of not closing traffic. The dynamic deflection change during the operation of the bridge is measured by the dynamic deflection instrument, the three-dimensional scanned bridge line shape is corrected, the real line shape state of the bridge is restored to the maximum extent, the measuring precision is high, the method is convenient and practical, a reliable basis is provided for judging the bridge health condition in the operation period, and the method has good economic effect and social benefit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a fitting bridge linear model in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. The present application is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications and/or changes in various respects, all without departing from the spirit of the present application. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present disclosure can be implemented, so that the present disclosure is not technically significant, and any structural modifications, ratio changes or size adjustments should still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

The invention discloses a method for measuring the line shape of a bridge in an operation period, which combines a three-dimensional scanner and a bridge dynamic deflection instrument and accurately measures the line shape of the bridge on the premise of not closing bridge traffic. Three-dimensional scanning enables scanning of the spatial shape and structure of an object to obtain spatial coordinates of the surface of the object. The dynamic deflection detector can carry out non-contact continuous observation on the displacement and the deformation of the bridge structure, thereby realizing dynamic measurement.

Selecting characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge, selecting characteristic points at each characteristic section, scanning the characteristic points by using a three-dimensional scanner to obtain space coordinates (x, y, z) of the characteristic points, and fittingAnd obtaining the initial line shape of the bridge, wherein x in the space coordinates (x, y, z) is the span of the characteristic point in the horizontal direction of the bridge, the y value is the relative position of the characteristic point in the width direction of the bridge, and the z value is the relative height of the characteristic point₁The minimum displacement, that is, the maximum displacement value △ h of the characteristic cross section in the vertically downward direction₂Is negative, the maximum displacement is positive (+ △ h)₁) The minimum displacement is negative (- △ h)₂). And correcting the initial line shape of the bridge by using the maximum displacement and the minimum displacement to obtain a real line shape model of the bridge.

Fig. 1 shows a linear model of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which y values of each selected feature point are the same, so that the obtained linear model can ignore the change of the y value, and a coordinate system in fig. 1 is an x-z coordinate system. The following describes a bridge alignment measurement method by taking the model shown in fig. 1 as an example:

s1: establishing a coordinate system in a three-dimensional scanner;

s2, selecting characteristic sections at different spans of the bridge, selecting a characteristic point at each characteristic section, wherein the characteristic point can represent the position of each characteristic section, and further, the position of each characteristic point on the characteristic section corresponds to each other, that is, if the characteristic points are connected, the connecting line can represent a line shape of the bridge, for example, the characteristic points are all located at the edge of the same side of the bottom of the bridge, preferably, the characteristic sections are arranged at equal intervals, for example, the characteristic sections are arranged at the bridge spans of 0, 1/8L, 2/8L, 3/8L, 1/2L, 5/8L, 6/8L, 7/8L and L, L is the total bridge span, further preferably, targets are arranged at the characteristic sections, so that the measurement of a dynamic deflection instrument is convenient, and optionally, the positions of the characteristic points and the targets are the same.

S3: scanning the characteristic points of the full bridge by using a three-dimensional scanner; meanwhile, a dynamic deflection instrument is adopted to test dynamic deflection data at different characteristic sections, and the testing time of the dynamic deflection is matched with the time of three-dimensional scanning;

s4, after the scanning is finished, reading the coordinate values (x, y, z) of each characteristic point, and reading the maximum displacement of each target measured by a dynamic deflectometer + △ h₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂；

S5: fitting the coordinates (x, y, z) of each characteristic point to obtain an approximate linear S-0 (see figure 1) of the bridge;

s6 maximum displacement + △ h measured by dynamic deflectometer₁And minimum displacement of- △ h₂Correcting the z value of each feature point to be z + △ h₁The coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Fitting each corrected feature point (x, y, z + △ h)₁) Obtaining bridge line shape S-1, correcting the z value of each characteristic point to be z- △ h₁The coordinates are corrected to (x, y, z- △ h)₁) Fitting each corrected feature point (x, y, z- △ h)₁) Obtaining a bridge linear shape S-2, wherein the bridge linear shape S-1 and the bridge linear shape S-2 form a bridge linear model; the line shape of the real bridge is between S-1 and S-2.

The method adopts three-dimensional scanning to obtain the approximate line shape of the bridge, and then combines a dynamic deflection instrument to correct the approximate line shape to obtain the range of the real line shape of the bridge, thereby judging the health condition of the bridge.

Preferably, the linear measurement time period is a time period with less vehicles or a time period with less large vehicle passing; the shorter the detection time, the better.

In addition, when the characteristic cross section is selected, the closer the interval of the characteristic cross section is, the closer the obtained bridge linearity is to the standard line, and the density and the number of the characteristic cross section can be determined according to the actual condition.

In other embodiments, further comprising S7: and repeating the steps S1-S6 at least once to obtain a plurality of bridge linear models, selecting the model with the bridge linear S-1 closest to the bridge linear S-2 as the final bridge linear model, wherein the real bridge linear is between the S-1 and the S-2 in the final bridge linear model.

In other embodiments, the feature points may not be preset in step 2, and a three-dimensional scanner is used to scan the full-bridge beam to obtain a three-dimensional scanning coordinate image of the bridge, and then the feature points are selected at each feature section according to the image, and the selection of the feature points is the same as the method in this embodiment.

In conclusion, the invention provides the method for measuring the linear shape of the bridge in the operation period, which can measure the linear shape on the premise of not sealing traffic, has high measurement precision, combines the three-dimensional scanning and dynamic deflection measurement modes, and reduces the real linear state of the bridge to the maximum extent.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.