阅读说明：本技术 一种热固性塑料再生处理剂及其应用 (Thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent and application thereof ) 是由 葛斌 于 2020-05-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种热固性塑料再生处理剂及其应用,该处理剂包括A、B双组份成分,其中,组分A包括以下重量份数组分：凝胶液8-12份、矿物粉2-4份、陶瓷颗粒2-3份,组分B包括以下重量份数组分：膨胀蛭石2-3份、偶联剂0.3-0.6份、活化助剂0.2-0.4份,本申请通过合理选配原料,优化配比,制得的处理剂对热固性塑料具有优异的再生性,配合机械李活化,显著改善了再生热固型塑料的反应活性,力学性能可恢复至90％以上,再利用率显著提高,综合效益更佳,值得推广应用。(The invention provides a thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent and application thereof, wherein the treating agent comprises A, B two-component components, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of gel liquid, 2-4 parts of mineral powder and 2-3 parts of ceramic particles, wherein the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: the treatment agent has excellent reproducibility to the thermosetting plastic by reasonably selecting and matching raw materials and optimizing the proportion, and obviously improves the reaction activity of the regenerative thermosetting plastic by matching with mechanical plum activation, the mechanical property can be restored to more than 90 percent, the reutilization rate is obviously improved, the comprehensive benefit is better, and the treatment agent is worthy of popularization and application.)

1. The thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent is characterized by comprising A, B two-component components, wherein a component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of gel liquid, 2-4 parts of mineral powder and 2-3 parts of ceramic particles, wherein the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of expanded vermiculite, 0.3-0.6 part of coupling agent and 0.2-0.4 part of activating auxiliary agent.

2. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 0.5-1, and storing the two components separately for later use.

3. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gel liquid consists of straight-chain dextrin, sodium alginate and water, wherein the mass percentages of the straight-chain dextrin and the sodium alginate are respectively 7-15 wt% and 10-20 wt%.

4. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mineral powder is a mixture of quartz rock powder and brucite powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1, and the particle size of the mineral powder is smaller than 2 mm.

5. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grain diameter of the ceramic particles is 3-6mm, and the bulk density of the ceramic particles is 800-³(ii) a The particle diameter of the expanded vermiculite is 5-10mm, and the bulk density of the expanded vermiculite is 150-300kg/m³。

6. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coupling agent is a composition of a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the two is 1: 1.2-1.6.

7. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the activating auxiliary agent is a mixture of low-molecular amine and a sodium metaphosphate solution, and the mass ratio of the low-molecular amine to the sodium metaphosphate solution is 1: 3-5.

8. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low molecular amine adopts low molecular amine with the carbon atom number less than 6, and the branched chain number of the low molecular amine is less than or equal to 2; the concentration of the sodium metaphosphate solution is 180 mg/L.

9. The recycling agent for thermosetting plastics according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is used in a recycling process for thermosetting plastics, characterized in that: taking the treating agent and the thermosetting plastic according to the mass ratio of 100:5-10, wherein the regeneration process comprises the following specific operations:

s1: preparing a treating agent, namely blending mineral powder in the component A with ceramic particles, carrying out heat treatment for 30min, then adding gel liquid into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 10min at 80-100rpm, and then drying the mixture by a fluidized bed to obtain solid particles, namely the component A; blending the expanded vermiculite in the component B with an activating assistant according to the following materials: ball: water 1.5: 1:0.5, performing ball milling treatment for 1-2h, discharging slurry, drying until the water content is 55-60%, adding a coupling agent, mixing uniformly, and continuously drying until the mixture is complete to obtain a component B;

s2: taking the thermosetting plastic to be treated, splitting, cleaning, drying, carrying out primary shearing until the particle size is 15-20mm, then carrying out heat treatment for 20-60min, carrying out secondary shearing until the particle size is 3-8mm, continuing heat treatment for 20-60min, and finally crushing for three times until the particle size is 0.1-1mm to obtain fine crushed materials;

s3: adding the fine crushed aggregates into mechanical force regeneration equipment, performing mechanical extrusion/shearing/grinding activation at the speed of 2000-2500rpm, and uniformly adding the component A into the fine crushed aggregates alternately for at least 2 times, wherein the interval between two adjacent feeding processes is 10-15min, so as to obtain a first mixed material;

s4: blending the component B with the first mixture, stirring and mixing at 45 +/-5 ℃ and 500rpm for 15min to obtain a second mixture;

s5: and feeding the mixture II into a forming device, and extruding and granulating to obtain the regenerated thermosetting plastic.

10. The agent for recycling a thermosetting plastic according to claim 9, characterized in that: the heat treatment temperature in the steps S1 and S2 is 50-70 ℃, the heat treatment is in an inert atmosphere, the inert atmosphere is a mixed gas of N2, Ar and CO2, and the volume ratio of the heat treatment to the inert atmosphere is 40-60 vt%, 40-60 vt% and 0-20 vt% respectively.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plastic processing, in particular to a thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent and application thereof.

Background

The traditional mode of waste plastic treatment is landfill and incineration, the landfill not only needs to occupy a large amount of places, if the anti-seepage measures are not proper, the produced leachate easily enters the water body on the surrounding surface or permeates into the soil, and the long-term serious threat to the environment around the landfill and the health of residents is formed. The direct incineration of the waste plastics may generate dioxin to pollute the atmosphere, and toxic and harmful substances in the incinerated bottom ash are further enriched and still need to be buried or further subjected to harmless treatment. Therefore, the waste plastics are recycled after being sorted, so that the method is more advantageous, different plastics can be collected, sorted and granulated to be used as recycled plastics, and the plastics can be reduced into monomers through pyrolysis and other technologies to participate in polymerization again, so that the recycling of resources is realized. The recycling of the waste plastics is environment-friendly, and the waste plastics can be recycled and reused, so that resources are saved.

Due to the non-reversible curing reaction characteristic and the non-linear net-shaped structure, the thermosetting plastic cannot be melted after being heated again and cannot be dissolved in a chemical solvent, so that the thermosetting plastic cannot be plastically molded or plastically processed again. This property gives thermosetting plastics and their products excellent mechanical properties and durability. However, the property of thermosetting plastic products that they do not melt and dissolve after being discarded is the biggest obstacle to recycling, and is a key problem to be solved for effective recycling.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent and an application thereof, the treating agent prepared by reasonably selecting and matching raw materials and optimizing the matching ratio has excellent regeneration performance on thermosetting plastics, and by matching mechanical force activation, the reaction activity of the regenerated thermosetting plastics is obviously improved, the mechanical property can be recovered to more than 90%, the reutilization rate is obviously improved, the comprehensive benefit is better, and the thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent is worthy of popularization and application.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent comprises A, B two-component components, wherein a component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of gel liquid, 2-4 parts of mineral powder and 2-3 parts of ceramic particles, wherein the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of expanded vermiculite, 0.3-0.6 part of coupling agent and 0.2-0.4 part of activating auxiliary agent.

As further preferred in the invention, the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 0.5-1, and storing the two components separately for later use.

As a further preferred mode of the invention, the gel solution consists of straight-chain dextrin, sodium alginate and water, wherein the mass ratio of the straight-chain dextrin to the sodium alginate is 7-15 wt% and 10-20 wt%, respectively. The straight-chain dextrin and the sodium alginate can be effectively coated on the surface of the grinding particles, so that when mechanical stirring treatment is carried out, on one hand, the reaction modification of an activated surface layer can be promoted, and meanwhile, the straight-chain dextrin and the sodium alginate have a good internal permeation effect, are used as a bridge frame between molecular structures, have a positive promotion effect on subsequent chemical bonding and migration combination of effective molecules, are favorable for decomposition and softening of a high-coupling network structure of thermosetting plastic, and have a strong activation effect.

As a further optimization of the invention, the mineral powder is a mixture of quartz rock powder and brucite powder in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1, and the particle size of the mineral powder is less than 2 mm. The mineral powder is used as an auxiliary material of ceramic grinding particles, in the grinding process, the grinding particle size range is enlarged, the grinding effect on the surface layer is improved, meanwhile, brucite is used as a layered fiber structure, after the brucite is mixed with gel liquid, and along with continuous internal infiltration and embedding of molecules, the brucite has certain melting property, and part of brucite is well attached to the ceramic particles with high specific surface area and serves as an excellent rheological medium, so that the brucite is beneficial to accelerating the activation reaction progress.

Further preferred in the present invention is a ceramic particle having a particle diameter of 3 to 6mm and a bulk density of 800-1000kg/m³(ii) a The particle diameter of the expanded vermiculite is 5-10mm, and the bulk density of the expanded vermiculite is 150-300kg/m³。

As the further preferable mode of the invention, the coupling agent is a composition of a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of the two is 1: 1.2-1.6.

As a further optimization of the invention, the activating auxiliary agent is a mixture of low molecular amine and sodium metaphosphate solution, and the mass ratio of the low molecular amine to the sodium metaphosphate solution is 1: 3-5.

More preferably, the low molecular amine is a low molecular amine with less than 6 carbon atoms, and the number of branched chains of the low molecular amine is less than or equal to 2; the concentration of the sodium metaphosphate solution is 180 mg/L. On one hand, the small molecular amine is adopted to reduce cross-linking sites, after the small molecular amine is combined with gel liquid and plastic molecules in a reaction way, the steric hindrance is large, the network structure is prevented from being intertwined, and on the other hand, the site activation energy after the small molecular amine is substituted by amino is low, so that the later-stage reprocessing is facilitated.

The thermosetting plastic regeneration treating agent is applied to a thermosetting plastic regeneration process: taking the treating agent and the thermosetting plastic according to the mass ratio of 100:5-10, wherein the regeneration process comprises the following specific operations:

s1: preparing a treating agent, namely blending mineral powder in the component A with ceramic particles, carrying out heat treatment for 30min, then adding gel liquid into the mixture, stirring the mixture for 10min at 80-100rpm, and then drying the mixture by a fluidized bed to obtain solid particles, namely the component A; blending the expanded vermiculite in the component B with an activating assistant according to the following materials: ball: water 1.5: 1:0.5, performing ball milling treatment for 1-2h, discharging slurry, drying until the water content is 55-60%, adding a coupling agent, mixing uniformly, and continuously drying until the mixture is complete to obtain a component B;

s2: taking the thermosetting plastic to be treated, splitting, cleaning, drying, carrying out primary shearing until the particle size is 15-20mm, then carrying out heat treatment for 20-60min, carrying out secondary shearing until the particle size is 3-8mm, continuing heat treatment for 20-60min, and finally crushing for three times until the particle size is 0.1-1mm to obtain fine crushed materials;

s3: adding the fine crushed aggregates into mechanical force regeneration equipment, performing mechanical extrusion/shearing/grinding activation at the speed of 2000-2500rpm, and uniformly adding the component A into the fine crushed aggregates alternately for at least 2 times, wherein the interval between two adjacent feeding processes is 10-15min, so as to obtain a first mixed material;

s4: blending the component B with the first mixture, stirring and mixing at 45 +/-5 ℃ and 500rpm for 15min to obtain a second mixture;

s5: and feeding the mixture II into a forming device, and extruding and granulating to obtain the regenerated thermosetting plastic.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat treatment temperature in steps S1 and S2 is 50 to 70 ℃, the heat treatment is performed in an inert atmosphere of a mixed gas of N2, Ar and CO2, and the volume ratio of the introduced gas to the inert atmosphere is 40 to 60 vt%, 40 to 60 vt% and 0 to 20 vt%, respectively.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through reasonable selection and matching of raw materials and optimized matching, the prepared treating agent has excellent regenerability on thermosetting plastics, and is matched with mechanical force activation, so that the reaction activity of the regenerated thermosetting plastics is obviously improved, the mechanical property can be restored to more than 90%, the reutilization rate is obviously improved, the comprehensive benefit is better, and the method is worthy of popularization and application.

The thermosetting plastic is sheared and crushed for three times after being recovered, and is subjected to heat treatment in an inert atmosphere, so that the bonding force between cross-linked structures is reduced, the shear surface has a good activation promoting effect, and the reaction and the mixing with a treating agent at a later stage are facilitated. The two-component components are added at different stages of mechanical force activation, the component A is added in a high-shear mechanical state, on one hand, ceramic particles are beneficial to grinding and the activation force of a contact surface is improved, on the other hand, the mineral powder and the film-forming colloid coated on the outer side have certain repairing and complementing performance, the frictional heat between structures has good softening effect on a treating agent, the molecular adhesion slow release performance is good, meanwhile, the rheological property of mechanical stirring is improved, and the mechanical activation effect is obviously improved. After the mechanical force activation operation is finished, the component B is added into the mixture and stirred at a low speed, so that the reaction substitution between the treating agent and the plastic raw material is fully ensured, the interfacial activity is enhanced, the crosslinking density is reduced, most of the active groups are low-branched-chain-number and low-molecular-weight active groups, and the regeneration activity of the thermosetting plastic is remarkably improved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.