阅读说明：本技术 复合肥制备的抛射式循环烘干系统与烘干方法 (Cast type circulating drying system and method for preparing compound fertilizer ) 是由 顾健健 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种抛射式循环烘干系统,包括开口朝上的外半球壳体；所述外半球壳体的上端沿轮廓一体化同轴心连接有竖向贯通的筒体；所述筒体的内径与所述外半球壳体的内径一致；所述外半球壳体的内侧设置有开口朝上的内半球壳体；抛射式肥料颗粒烘干仓内还呈周期性的产生负压,促进水分蒸发,与此同时空气加热室内的高温空气会呈周期性的在负压的作用下迅速通过若干排气孔向四面八方吸入到抛射式肥料颗粒烘干仓内,形成均匀高温空气烘干加热的效果。(The invention discloses a projection type circulating drying system which comprises an outer hemispherical shell with an upward opening; the upper end of the outer hemispherical shell is integrally and coaxially connected with a vertically through cylinder along the outline; the inner diameter of the cylinder body is consistent with that of the outer hemispherical shell; the inner side of the outer hemispherical shell is provided with an inner hemispherical shell with an upward opening; still be periodic production negative pressure in the formula fertilizer granule stoving storehouse of throwing, promote the evaporation of water, high temperature air in the air heating room can be periodic and inhale the formula fertilizer granule stoving storehouse of throwing in all directions through a plurality of exhaust ports rapidly under the effect of negative pressure simultaneously, forms even high temperature air stoving effect of heating.)

1. The cast type circulating drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer is characterized in that: comprises an outer hemispherical shell (35) with an upward opening; the upper end of the outer hemispherical shell (35) is integrally and coaxially connected with a vertically through cylinder (31) along the outline; the inner diameter of the cylinder (31) is consistent with that of the outer hemispherical shell (35); an inner hemispherical shell (10) with an upward opening is arranged on the inner side of the outer hemispherical shell (35); the outer diameter of the inner hemispherical shell (10) is consistent with the inner diameter of the outer hemispherical shell (35), a first sealing ring (18) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner hemispherical shell (10) along the outline, and the first sealing ring (18) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body (31); the device is characterized by further comprising a disc-shaped sealing cover (25) capable of lifting up and down, wherein a second sealing ring (32) is arranged on the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25), and the outer ring of the second sealing ring (32) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the barrel body (31);

when the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) moves upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder body (31), an annular feeding and discharging hole (30) is formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) and the upper end of the cylinder body (31).

2. The cast type circulating drying system for preparing compound fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: two first lifters (1) are arranged above the disc-shaped sealing cover (25), and the two first lifters (1) are fixedly supported and connected with the outer wall of the barrel (31) through lifter supports (2); the lower ends of the first lifting rods (2) of the two first lifters (1) are fixedly connected with the disc-shaped sealing cover (25), so that the two first lifters (1) can drive the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) to lift up and down.

3. The cast type circulating drying system for preparing compound fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a horizontal rotating shaft (27), wherein the tail end of the rotating shaft (27) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the cylinder body (31).

4. The cast type circulating drying system for compound fertilizer preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rotating shaft (27) is driven by a fixedly arranged brake type motor.

5. The cast type circulating drying system for compound fertilizer preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that: a closed air chamber cavity (12) with a crescent-shaped section is formed between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell (10) and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell (35); a cast fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is arranged between the inner side wall of the inner hemispherical shell (10) and the disc-shaped sealing cover (25);

the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell (10) can compress the space of the closed air chamber cavity (12) and increase the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), so that the pressure of the closed air chamber cavity (12) is increased, and meanwhile, negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15);

the upward displacement of interior hemisphere casing (10) can increase the space of airtight air chamber (12) to the space of compression cast formula fertilizer granule stoving storehouse (15), thereby makes the pressure reduction in airtight air chamber (12), makes simultaneously the interior malleation that forms of cast formula fertilizer granule stoving storehouse (15).

6. The cast type circulating drying system for compound fertilizer preparation according to claim 5, characterized in that: the shell bottom (36) of the inner hemispherical shell (10) is formed by concave flexible air-tight cloth; when the space of the closed air chamber cavity (12) is completely compressed, the shell bottom (36) formed by the flexible air-tight cloth can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and a compressed air extrusion bin (28) is formed at the lower side of the upwards arched shell bottom (36); and a cast particle drainage device (0) is arranged at the axis of the cast fertilizer particle drying bin (15), and the cast particle drainage device (0) is coaxially arranged above the shell bottom (36).

7. The cast type circulating drying system for compound fertilizer preparation according to claim 6, characterized in that: the particle-casting drainage device (0) is composed of an axial column (16), a movable drainage sleeve (17) and a drainage head (14); the upper end of the shaft center column (16) is integrally connected with the shaft center of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) in a coaxial manner; the drainage head (14) is integrated and is coaxially connected with the lower end of the axial center column (16); a cylindrical column penetrating channel (22) which is communicated up and down is coaxially arranged at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve (17), the axis column (16) coaxially penetrates through the cylindrical column penetrating channel (22), and the inner wall of the cylindrical column penetrating channel (22) at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve (17) is in sliding fit with the outer wall surface (23) of the axis column (16); a plurality of synchronous oblique beams (6) are arranged at the upper end in the compression and projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) in a circumferential array; one end of each synchronous oblique beam (6) is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the upper end of the movable drainage sleeve (17), and the other end of each synchronous oblique beam (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell (10); thereby enabling the movable drainage sleeve (17) to be synchronous with the inner hemispherical shell (10);

when the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell (10) descends to just contact with the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell (35), the axial column (16), the movable drainage sleeve (17) and the drainage head (14) are just combined into an inverted mushroom head-shaped cast particle drainage device (0), and the peripheral surface of the inverted mushroom head-shaped cast particle drainage device (0) is a drainage surface (29) with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom; recording the lower surface of the flow guiding head (14) as a first arc surface (29.2); recording the peripheral surface of the movable drainage sleeve (17) as a second section of cambered surface (29.2); the outer peripheral surface is formed by combining a first section of cambered surface (29.2) and a second section of cambered surface (29.2) on a flow guide surface (29) with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom;

a columnar air heating chamber (7) is coaxially arranged at the axis of the axis column (16), an electric heating pipe (19) which is spirally coiled is arranged in the air heating chamber (7), and the electric heating pipe (19) can heat the air in the air heating chamber (7); a top cover (20) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the air heating chamber (7), and an air inlet communicated with the upper end of the air heating chamber (7) is formed in the axis of the top cover (20); a plurality of air guide holes (8) which are transversely penetrated are distributed on the inner wall of the lower end of the air heating chamber (7) in a circumferential array manner, and each air guide hole (8) penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the shaft core column (16); a plurality of transversely through exhaust holes (00) are distributed on the wall body of the movable drainage sleeve (17) in a circumferential array;

when the axial column (16), the movable drainage sleeve (17) and the drainage head (14) are just combined into the inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting drainage device (0), the air guide holes (8) are just communicated with the exhaust holes (00);

the upward displacement of the movable diversion sleeve (17) can make a plurality of air guide holes (8) and a plurality of exhaust holes (00) staggered with each other, and make the column-shaped column pass through the inner wall of the channel (22) to seal each air guide hole (8);

the lower end of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) is fixedly provided with a plurality of second lifters (4) in a circumferential array, and the lower end of a second lifting rod (5) of each second lifter (4) is fixedly connected with one synchronous oblique beam (6), so that the plurality of second lifters (4) can synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam (6) to move up and down;

a plurality of one-way air valves (24) with upward conduction directions are fixedly arranged on the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) in a circumferential array mode, and when positive pressure exists in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), air at the upper portion of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) can be upwards discharged through the one-way air valves (24).

8. The working method of the cast-type circulating drying system for compound fertilizer preparation according to claim 7, characterized in that:

setting an initial state, forming a closed air chamber cavity (12) with a crescent section between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell (10) and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell (35), wherein the shell bottom (36) of the inner hemispherical shell (10) is in a concave state, and at the moment, a plurality of air guide holes (8) and a plurality of exhaust holes (00) are staggered with each other due to inconsistent height, so that the column penetrates through the inner wall of the channel (22) to seal each air guide hole (8); at the moment, the electric heating pipe (19) is controlled to continuously heat the air in the air heating chamber (7), so that the air in a heating state is continuously stored in the air heating chamber (7); the specific working process comprises the following steps:

step one, controlling a first lifter (1) to drive a disc-shaped sealing cover (25) to ascend, and simultaneously controlling a plurality of second lifters (4) to enable the height of an inner hemispherical shell (10) not to change; when the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) moves upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the barrel body (31), an annular feeding and discharging port (30) is formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) and the upper end of the barrel body (31), at the moment, an external feeder (97) is inserted into the upper end of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) through the annular feeding and discharging port (30), then the feeder (97) feeds the fertilizer particles waiting for drying and dehydration into the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), and accumulates the fertilizer particles to the bottom of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) under the action of gravity, a part of the compound fertilizer particles (13) in a weightless state supported by a shell bottom (36) formed by concave flexible airtight cloth is marked as a particle pile (11) to be thrown, and the compound fertilizer particles (13) at the periphery of the particle pile (11) to be thrown are marked as an edge particle pile (9);

secondly, controlling the first lifter (1) to drive the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) to descend, and simultaneously controlling the plurality of second lifters (4) to enable the height of the inner hemispherical shell (10) not to change; a second sealing ring (32) which reaches the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) descends to be in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder body (31) again; at this time, the cast fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is recovered to be in a closed state; meanwhile, the first lifter (1) is in a braking state; thereby ensuring that the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) is at a fixed position;

step three, synchronously controlling each second lifter (4) to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam (6) to accelerate downward displacement at the acceleration of gravity; so that the movable drainage sleeve (17) and the inner hemispherical shell (10) both accelerate to move downwards at the acceleration of gravity; so that the particle pile (11) to be thrown and the edge particle pile (9) are accelerated downwards at the gravity acceleration under the complete weightless state;

when the inner hemispherical shell (10) descends to contact the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell (35), the movable drainage sleeve (17) also descends to just combine with the axial column (16) and the drainage head (14) to form an inverted mushroom-head-shaped particle-casting drainage device (0), so that the air guide holes (8) just communicate with the exhaust holes (00), and at the moment, the first section of arc surface (29.2) and the second section of arc surface (29.2) just combine to form a drainage surface (29) with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom;

meanwhile, the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell (10) can quickly and completely compress the space of the closed air chamber cavity (12), when the space of the closed air chamber cavity (12) is completely compressed, the shell bottom (36) formed by the flexible air-impermeable cloth can be instantly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, the instantly arched flexible shell bottom (36) can form a strong upward throwing force on the particle stack (11) to be thrown in a complete weightless state, so that the particle pile (11) to be thrown is rapidly thrown upwards, the particle pile (11) to be thrown which is thrown upwards is dispersed in the projecting fertilizer particle drying bin (15) towards the upward direction from the periphery under the guidance of a diversion surface (29) with the gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, and finally evenly drops to the edge particle pile (9) at the top of the periphery of the cast fertilizer particle drying bin (15), so that the whole projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is filled with the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state;

meanwhile, the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) can be increased by descending the inner hemispherical shell (10), so that negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), and the negative pressure state can also promote the water evaporation rate of the compound fertilizer particles; when the movable diversion sleeve (17) just descends to a particle casting diversion device (0) which is just combined with the axial column (16) and the diversion head (14) into an inverted mushroom head shape, the plurality of air guide holes (8) just communicate with the plurality of air exhaust holes (00), and at the moment, high-temperature air in the air heating chamber (7) is quickly sucked into the casting type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) from all directions through the plurality of air exhaust holes (00) under the action of negative pressure, and the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state are heated from all directions, so that the high-temperature air is uniformly introduced into the casting type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), and the uniform high-temperature air drying effect is formed;

step four, synchronously controlling each second lifter (4) to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam (6) to rapidly move upwards; thereby enabling the movable diversion sleeve (17) and the inner hemispherical shell (10) to rapidly move upwards, enabling the plurality of air guide holes (8) and the plurality of exhaust holes (00) to be mutually staggered due to the upward movement of the movable diversion sleeve (17), and immediately enabling the cylindrical column to penetrate through the inner wall of the channel (22) to seal each air guide hole (8); when the inner hemispherical shell (10) is moved upwards to a state before step three is started, the inner hemispherical shell is suspended, and the inner hemispherical shell (10) rises to quickly increase the space of the closed air chamber cavity (12) with the crescent-shaped cross section, so that the flexible shell bottom (36) is quickly restored to a downward sunken state under the action of negative pressure; so that the edge particle pile (9) at the periphery of the flexible shell bottom (36) slides downwards to the upper side of the flexible shell bottom (36) in a downward sunken state and forms a pile (11) of new particles to be thrown; the upward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell (10) can compress the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), so that positive pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), and at the moment, the gas at the upper part of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is upwards discharged outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves (24) under the action of the positive pressure;

step five, periodically and continuously operating step three and step four; so that the particle piles (11) to be thrown are periodically gathered and are periodically and rapidly thrown upwards, the particle piles (11) to be thrown, which are upwards thrown, are guided by a diversion surface (29) with gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom to be dispersed in the inclined upward direction around the throwing type fertilizer particle drying bin (15), so that the whole throwing type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is filled with the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state, the contact area of the compound fertilizer and hot air is fully increased, negative pressure is periodically generated in the throwing type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) to promote moisture evaporation, meanwhile, high-temperature air in the air heating chamber (7) can be periodically and rapidly sucked into the throwing type fertilizer particle drying bin (15) from all sides through a plurality of exhaust holes (00) under the action of the negative pressure to form the uniform high-temperature air drying and heating effect, the gas at the top in the cast fertilizer particle drying bin (15) is periodically discharged out of the outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves (24); thereby leading the water vapor generated in the air heating chamber (7) to be continuously discharged outside and accelerating the drying process;

controlling the first lifter (1) to drive the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) to lift up to enable the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) to move upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder body (31), forming an annular feeding and discharging port (30) between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) and the upper end of the cylinder body (31), and then controlling the horizontal rotating shaft (27) to rotate 90 degrees to enable the inner hemispherical shell (10) to deflect 90 degrees; further pouring out the dried compound fertilizer particles through an annular feeding and discharging port (30).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of compound fertilizer circulating drying.

Background

The compound fertilizer dehydration often adopts open slant drum-type structure, and in drying process, the slow rotation of cylinder, the inside shoveling plate of cylinder can play the effect of stir-fry material, though the shoveling plate can play the effect of stir-fry material increase hot-blast and compound fertilizer granule's area of contact, but the compound fertilizer in the cylinder still is in the state of gathering most of time on the whole, and then dehydration efficiency is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a cast type circulating drying system and a drying method for preparing a compound fertilizer, which have a more uniform dehydration process.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the aim, the cast type circulating drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer comprises an outer hemispherical shell with an upward opening; the upper end of the outer hemispherical shell is integrally and coaxially connected with a vertically through cylinder along the outline; the inner diameter of the cylinder body is consistent with that of the outer hemispherical shell; the inner side of the outer hemispherical shell is provided with an inner hemispherical shell with an upward opening; the outer diameter of the inner hemispherical shell is consistent with the inner diameter of the outer hemispherical shell, a first sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner hemispherical shell along the outline, and the first sealing ring is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder body; the device also comprises a disc-shaped sealing cover capable of lifting up and down, wherein a second sealing ring is arranged on the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover, and the outer ring of the second sealing ring is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder body;

when the disc-shaped sealing cover moves upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder body, an annular feeding and discharging port is formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover and the upper end of the cylinder body.

Furthermore, two first lifters are arranged above the disc-shaped sealing cover, and the two first lifters are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the cylinder body in a supporting mode through lifter supports; the lower ends of the first lifting rods of the two first lifters are fixedly connected with the disc-shaped sealing cover, so that the two first lifters can drive the disc-shaped sealing cover to lift up and down.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a horizontal rotating shaft, and the tail end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the cylinder body.

Furthermore, the rotating shaft is driven by a fixedly installed brake type motor.

Furthermore, a closed air chamber cavity with a crescent-shaped section is formed between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell; a cast type fertilizer particle drying bin is arranged between the inner side wall of the inner hemispherical shell and the disc-shaped sealing cover;

the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell can compress the space of the closed air chamber cavity and increase the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, so that the pressure of the closed air chamber cavity is increased, and meanwhile, negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin;

the upward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell can increase the space of the closed air chamber cavity and compress the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, so that the pressure of the closed air chamber cavity is reduced, and positive pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin.

Furthermore, the shell bottom of the inner hemispherical shell is formed by concave flexible air-tight cloth; when the space of the closed air chamber cavity is completely compressed, the shell bottom formed by the flexible air-impermeable cloth can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and a compressed air extrusion bin is formed at the lower side of the upwards arched shell bottom; and a cast particle drainage device is arranged at the axis of the cast fertilizer particle drying bin, and the cast particle drainage device is coaxial above the shell bottom.

Furthermore, the particle-casting drainage device is composed of a shaft cylinder, a movable drainage sleeve and a drainage head; the upper end of the shaft center column is integrally connected with the shaft center of the disc-shaped sealing cover in a coaxial manner; the drainage head is integrally connected with the lower end of the axis column in a coaxial manner; a cylindrical column penetrating channel which is communicated up and down is coaxially arranged at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve, the axis column coaxially penetrates through the cylindrical column penetrating channel, and the cylindrical column at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve penetrates through the inner wall of the channel and is in sliding fit with the outer wall surface of the axis column; a plurality of synchronous oblique beams are arranged at the upper end in the compression and projection type fertilizer particle drying bin in a circumferential array; one end of each synchronous oblique beam is fixedly connected with the outer ring at the upper end of the movable drainage sleeve, and the other end of each synchronous oblique beam is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell; thereby the movable drainage sleeve and the inner hemispherical shell are synchronous;

when the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell descends to just contact with the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell, the axial column, the movable drainage sleeve and the drainage head are just combined into an inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting drainage device, and the peripheral surface of the inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting drainage device is a drainage surface with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom; recording the lower surface of the flow guide head as a first arc surface; recording the peripheral surface of the movable drainage sleeve as a second section of cambered surface; the outer peripheral surface is formed by combining a first section of cambered surface and a second section of cambered surface on a flow guide surface with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom;

a columnar air heating chamber is coaxially arranged at the axis center of the axis center column, an electric heating pipe which is spirally coiled is arranged in the air heating chamber, and the electric heating pipe can heat the air in the air heating chamber; a top cover is fixedly arranged at the top end of the air heating chamber, and an air inlet communicated with the upper end of the air heating chamber is formed in the axis of the top cover; a plurality of transversely through air guide holes are distributed on the inner wall of the lower end of the air heating chamber in a circumferential array manner, and all the air guide holes penetrate out of the outer wall surface of the lower end of the shaft core column; a plurality of transversely-through exhaust holes are distributed on the wall body of the movable drainage sleeve in a circumferential array;

when the axial column, the movable drainage sleeve and the drainage head are just combined into the inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting drainage device, the air guide holes are just communicated with the exhaust holes;

the upward displacement of the movable diversion sleeve can make the plurality of air guide holes and the plurality of exhaust holes staggered mutually, and make the cylindrical column pass through the inner wall of the channel to seal each air guide hole;

the lower end of the disc-shaped sealing cover is fixedly provided with a plurality of second lifters in a circumferential array, and the lower end of a second lifting rod of each second lifter is fixedly connected with one synchronous oblique beam, so that the plurality of second lifters can synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam to move up and down;

the disc-shaped sealing cover is circumferentially and fixedly provided with a plurality of one-way air valves with upward conduction directions, and when positive pressure is generated in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, gas at the upper part of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin can be upwards discharged through the one-way air valves.

Further, the working method of the cast type circulating drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:

setting an initial state, forming a closed air chamber cavity with a crescent section between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell, wherein the shell bottom of the inner hemispherical shell is in a concave state, and the plurality of air guide holes and the plurality of exhaust holes are staggered due to inconsistent height, so that the cylindrical column penetrates through the inner wall of the channel to seal the air guide holes; controlling the electric heating pipe to continuously heat the air in the air heating chamber, so that the air in the air heating chamber is continuously stored with the heated air; the specific working process comprises the following steps:

step one, controlling a first lifter to drive a disc-shaped sealing cover to ascend, and simultaneously controlling a plurality of second lifters to enable the height of an inner hemispherical shell not to change; when the disc-shaped sealing cover is upwards moved to a position higher than the upper end of the barrel body, an annular feeding and discharging port is formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover and the upper end of the barrel body, at the moment, an external feeder is inserted into the upper end of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin through the annular feeding and discharging port, then the feeder feeds fertilizer particles to be dried and dehydrated into the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin and accumulates to the bottom of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin under the action of gravity, a part of weight loss state compound fertilizer particles supported by a shell bottom formed by concave flexible air-impermeable cloth are marked as a particle pile to be thrown, and compound fertilizer particles at the periphery of the particle pile to be thrown are marked as an edge particle pile;

controlling the first lifter to drive the disc-shaped sealing cover to descend, and simultaneously controlling the plurality of second lifters to enable the height of the inner hemispherical shell not to change; the second sealing ring which is arranged on the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover descends to be in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder body again; at the moment, the cast fertilizer particle drying bin is restored to a closed state; meanwhile, the first lifter is in a braking state; thereby ensuring that the disc-shaped sealing cover is at a fixed position;

synchronously controlling each second lifter to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam to accelerate downward displacement at the acceleration of gravity; so that the movable drainage sleeve and the inner hemispherical shell both move downwards under acceleration of gravity; so that the particle pile to be thrown and the edge particle pile move downwards in an accelerated manner under the condition of complete weightlessness and the acceleration of gravity;

when the inner hemispherical shell descends to contact the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell, the movable drainage sleeve also descends to a particle casting drainage device which is just combined with the axial column and the drainage head into an inverted mushroom head shape, so that the plurality of air guide holes are just communicated with the plurality of air exhaust holes, and the first section of cambered surface and the second section of cambered surface are just combined into a drainage surface with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom;

meanwhile, the space of the closed air chamber cavity can be quickly and completely compressed by the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell, when the space of the closed air chamber cavity is completely compressed, the shell bottom formed by the flexible air-impermeable cloth can be instantly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, the instantly arched flexible shell bottom can form a strong upward ejection force on the particle pile to be thrown in a complete weightlessness state, so that the particle pile to be thrown can be quickly ejected upwards, the upward ejected particle pile to be thrown is dispersed in the upward direction from the periphery in the ejection type fertilizer particle drying bin under the guide of a diversion surface with gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, and finally uniformly drops to the edge particle pile at the peripheral top of the ejection type fertilizer particle drying bin, so that the whole ejection type fertilizer particle drying bin is filled with dispersed compound fertilizer particles;

meanwhile, the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin can be increased by descending the inner hemispherical shell, so that negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, and the water evaporation rate of the compound fertilizer particles can be promoted by the negative pressure state; when the movable drainage sleeve just descends to a projecting particle drainage device which is just combined with the axial column and the drainage head into an inverted mushroom head shape, the air guide holes are just communicated with the exhaust holes, high-temperature air in the air heating chamber is quickly sucked into the projecting type fertilizer particle drying bin through the exhaust holes in all directions under the action of negative pressure, the dispersed compound fertilizer particles are heated in all directions, and the high-temperature air is uniformly guided into the projecting type fertilizer particle drying bin, so that the uniform high-temperature air drying effect is formed;

step four, synchronously controlling each second lifter to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam to rapidly move upwards; therefore, the movable drainage sleeve and the inner hemispherical shell quickly move upwards, the upward movement of the movable drainage sleeve can enable the plurality of air guide holes and the plurality of exhaust holes to be mutually staggered, and the cylindrical column penetrates through the inner wall of the channel to block the air guide holes at once; when the inner hemispherical shell is upwards displaced to a state when the step III is not started, the inner hemispherical shell is suspended, and the inner hemispherical shell is lifted to quickly increase the space of the closed air chamber with the crescent-shaped section, so that the flexible shell bottom is quickly restored to a downward sunken state under the action of negative pressure; so that the edge particle pile on the periphery of the flexible shell bottom slides downwards to the upper side of the flexible shell bottom in a downward sunken state, and a pile of new particles to be thrown is formed; the upward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell can compress the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, so that positive pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin, and gas at the upper part of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin is discharged out of the outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves under the action of the positive pressure;

step five, periodically and continuously operating step three and step four; so that the particle piles to be thrown are periodically gathered and are periodically and rapidly thrown upwards, the upward thrown particle piles to be thrown are dispersed in the projecting fertilizer particle drying bin in the direction which is inclined upwards from the periphery under the guidance of the diversion surface with the gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, thereby the whole projection type fertilizer particle drying bin is filled with the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state, the contact area of the compound fertilizer and the hot air is fully increased, the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin also generates negative pressure periodically to promote water evaporation, meanwhile, the high-temperature air in the air heating chamber can be periodically and rapidly sucked into the projecting type fertilizer particle drying bin from all sides through the plurality of exhaust holes under the action of negative pressure to form the effect of uniform high-temperature air drying and heating, the gas at the top in the cast fertilizer particle drying bin is periodically discharged out of the outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves; therefore, the water vapor generated in the air heating chamber is continuously discharged outside, and the drying process is accelerated;

controlling a first lifter to drive a disc-shaped sealing cover to lift the disc-shaped sealing cover to move upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder body, forming an annular feeding and discharging port between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover and the upper end of the cylinder body, and then controlling a horizontal rotating shaft to rotate 90 degrees to enable the inner hemispherical shell 10 to follow and deflect 90 degrees; and then the dried compound fertilizer particles are poured out through the annular feeding and discharging hole 30.

Has the advantages that: the invention has simple structure; the particle piles to be thrown are periodically gathered and periodically and rapidly thrown upwards, the upward thrown particle piles to be thrown are dispersed in the projecting fertilizer particle drying bin in the direction of oblique upward periphery under the guidance of a flow guide surface with gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, thereby the whole projection type fertilizer particle drying bin is filled with the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state, the contact area of the compound fertilizer and the hot air is fully increased, the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin also generates negative pressure periodically to promote water evaporation, meanwhile, the high-temperature air in the air heating chamber can be periodically and rapidly sucked into the projecting type fertilizer particle drying bin from all sides through the plurality of exhaust holes under the action of negative pressure to form the effect of uniform high-temperature air drying and heating, the gas at the top in the cast fertilizer particle drying bin is periodically discharged out of the outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves; therefore, the water vapor generated in the air heating chamber is continuously discharged to the outside, and the drying process is accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring-shaped feeding and discharging port formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover (25) and the upper end of the cylinder when the disc-shaped sealing cover is upwards displaced to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder;

FIG. 3 is an overall front view of the present apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the apparatus in a first state (schematic view of the apparatus at the beginning of step three);

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the apparatus in a second state (the end of step three);

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the axial column and the movable drainage sleeve disassembled along the axial direction;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;

figure 8 is an internal cross-sectional view of the axial column.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The cast type circulating drying system for preparing compound fertilizer as shown in attached figures 1 to 8 comprises an outer hemispherical shell 35 with an upward opening; the upper end of the outer hemispherical shell 35 is integrally and coaxially connected with a vertically through cylinder 31 along the outline; the inner diameter of the cylinder 31 is consistent with that of the outer hemispherical shell 35; the inner side of the outer hemispherical shell 35 is provided with an inner hemispherical shell 10 with an upward opening; the outer diameter of the inner hemispherical shell 10 is consistent with the inner diameter of the outer hemispherical shell 35, a first sealing ring 18 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the inner hemispherical shell 10 along the outline, and the first sealing ring 18 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the cylinder 31; the device also comprises a disc-shaped sealing cover 25 capable of lifting up and down, wherein a second sealing ring 32 is arranged on the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25, and the outer ring of the second sealing ring 32 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder 31;

when the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 is upwardly displaced to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder 31, an annular feeding and discharging port 30 is formed between the outer circumference of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 and the upper end of the cylinder 31.

Two first lifters 1 are arranged above the disc-shaped sealing cover 25, and the two first lifters 1 are fixedly supported and connected with the outer wall of the cylinder 31 through lifter supports 2; the lower ends of the first lifting rods 2 of the two first lifters 1 are fixedly connected with a disc-shaped sealing cover 25, so that the two first lifters 1 can drive the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to lift up and down.

The device also comprises a horizontal rotating shaft 27, and the tail end of the rotating shaft 27 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the cylinder 31.

The shaft 27 is driven by a fixedly mounted brake motor.

A closed air chamber cavity 12 with a crescent-shaped section is formed between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell 10 and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell 35; a projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is arranged between the inner side wall of the inner hemispherical shell 10 and the disc-shaped sealing cover 25;

the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell 10 can compress the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 and increase the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, so that the pressure of the closed air chamber cavity 12 is increased, and meanwhile, negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15;

the upward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell 10 can increase the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 and compress the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, so that the pressure of the closed air chamber cavity 12 is reduced, and positive pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15.

The shell bottom 36 of the inner hemispherical shell 10 is made of concave flexible air-tight cloth; when the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 is completely compressed, the shell bottom 36 formed by the flexible air-proof cloth can be quickly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, and a compressed air extrusion bin 28 is formed at the lower side of the upwards arched shell bottom 36; a cast particle drainage device 0 is arranged at the axis of the cast fertilizer particle drying bin 15, and the cast particle drainage device 0 is coaxially arranged above the shell bottom 36.

The particle-casting drainage device 0 is composed of an axial center column 16, a movable drainage sleeve 17 and a drainage head 14; the upper end of the shaft center column 16 is integrally connected with the shaft center of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 with the same shaft center; the drainage head 14 is integrated with the lower end of the coaxial connecting shaft core column 16; a cylindrical column penetrating channel 22 which is communicated up and down is coaxially arranged at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve 17, the axis column 16 coaxially penetrates the cylindrical column penetrating channel 22, and the cylindrical column at the axis of the movable drainage sleeve 17 penetrates the inner wall of the channel 22 and is in sliding fit with the axis column outer wall surface 23 of the axis column 16; a plurality of synchronous oblique beams 6 are arranged at the upper end in the compression and projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 in a circumferential array; one end of each synchronous oblique beam 6 is fixedly connected with the outer ring at the upper end of the movable drainage sleeve 17, and the other end of each synchronous oblique beam 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner hemispherical shell 10; thereby enabling the movable drainage sleeve 17 to be synchronous with the inner hemispherical shell 10;

when the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell 10 descends to just contact the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell 35, the axial column 16, the movable drainage sleeve 17 and the drainage head 14 are just combined into an inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting flow diverter 0, and the peripheral surface of the inverted mushroom head particle casting flow diverter 0 is a drainage surface 29 with the gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom; the lower surface of the flow guiding head 14 is marked as a first arc surface 29.2; the peripheral surface of the movable drainage sleeve 17 is marked as a second section of cambered surface 29.2; the outer peripheral surface is formed by combining a first section of cambered surface 29.2 and a second section of cambered surface 29.2 on a flow guide surface 29 with the outer diameter gradually reduced from top to bottom;

a columnar air heating chamber 7 is coaxially arranged at the axis of the axis column 16, an electric heating pipe 19 which is spirally coiled is arranged in the air heating chamber 7, and the electric heating pipe 19 can heat the air in the air heating chamber 7; a top cover 20 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the air heating chamber 7, and an air inlet communicated with the upper end of the air heating chamber 7 is arranged at the axis of the top cover 20; a plurality of air guide holes 8 which are transversely penetrated are distributed on the inner wall of the lower end of the air heating chamber 7 in a circumferential array manner, and all the air guide holes 8 penetrate through the outer wall surface of the lower end of the axial column 16; a plurality of transversely through exhaust holes 00 are distributed on the wall body of the movable drainage sleeve 17 in a circumferential array;

when the axial column 16, the movable drainage sleeve 17 and the drainage head 14 are just combined into the inverted mushroom head-shaped particle casting drainage device 0, the air guide holes 8 are just communicated with the exhaust holes 00;

the upward displacement of the movable diversion sleeve 17 can make the plurality of air guide holes 8 and the plurality of air exhaust holes 00 staggered with each other, and make the column-shaped column pass through the inner wall of the channel 22 to block each air guide hole 8;

the lower end of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 is fixedly provided with a plurality of second lifters 4 in a circumferential array, and the lower end of the second lifting rod 5 of each second lifter 4 is fixedly connected with a synchronous oblique beam 6, so that the plurality of second lifters 4 can synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam 6 to move up and down;

a plurality of one-way air valves 24 with upward conduction directions are fixedly arranged on the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 in a circumferential array mode, and when positive pressure exists in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, air on the upper portion of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 can be discharged upwards through the one-way air valves 24.

The working method of the cast type circulating drying system for preparing the compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:

the initial state is set, a closed air chamber cavity 12 with a crescent section is formed between the outer wall of the inner hemispherical shell 10 and the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell 35, the shell bottom 36 of the inner hemispherical shell 10 is in a concave state, and at this time, the plurality of air guide holes 8 and the plurality of air exhaust holes 00 are staggered due to inconsistent height, so that the cylindrical column penetrates through the inner wall of the channel 22 to block each air guide hole 8; at this time, the electric heating pipe 19 is controlled to continuously heat the air in the air heating chamber 7, so that the air in a heating state is continuously stored in the air heating chamber 7; the specific working process comprises the following steps:

step one, controlling a first lifter 1 to drive a disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to ascend, and simultaneously controlling a plurality of second lifters 4 to enable the height of an inner hemispherical shell 10 not to change; when the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 moves upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the barrel 31, an annular feeding and discharging port 30 is formed between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 and the upper end of the barrel 31, at this time, an external feeder 97 extends into the upper end of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 through the annular feeding and discharging port 30, then the feeder 97 feeds the fertilizer particles to be dried and dehydrated into the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 and accumulates to the bottom of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 under the action of gravity, a part of compound fertilizer particles 13 in a weightless state, which are supported by a shell bottom 36 formed by concave flexible air-impermeable cloth, are recorded as a to-be-thrown particle pile 11, and compound fertilizer particles 13 at the periphery of the to-be-thrown particle pile 11 are recorded as an edge particle pile 9;

step two, controlling the first lifter 1 to drive the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to descend, and simultaneously controlling the plurality of second lifters 4 to enable the height of the inner hemispherical shell 10 not to change; until the second sealing ring 32 on the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 descends to be in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper end of the cylinder 31 again; at this time, the cast fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is restored to a closed state; meanwhile, the first lifter 1 is in a braking state; thereby ensuring the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to be in a fixed position;

step three, synchronously controlling each second lifter 4 to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam 6 to accelerate downward displacement at the acceleration of gravity; so that the movable drainage sleeve 17 and the inner hemispherical shell 10 both accelerate downwards with the acceleration of gravity; so that the particle pile 11 to be thrown and the edge particle pile 9 both move downwards in an acceleration manner under the condition of complete weightlessness and the acceleration of gravity;

when the inner hemispherical shell 10 descends to contact with the inner wall of the outer hemispherical shell 35, the movable diversion sleeve 17 also descends to just combine with the axis post 16 and the diversion head 14 to just form an inverted mushroom head-shaped particle-casting diversion device 0, so that the plurality of air guide holes 8 just communicate with the plurality of air exhaust holes 00, and at the moment, the first section of cambered surface 29.2 and the second section of cambered surface 29.2 just combine to just form a diversion surface 29 with the gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom;

meanwhile, the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 can be quickly and completely compressed by the downward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell 10, when the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 is completely compressed, the shell bottom 36 formed by the flexible airtight cloth can be instantly arched upwards under the action of air pressure, the instantly arched flexible shell bottom 36 can form a strong upward throwing force on the particle stack 11 to be thrown in a complete weightless state, so that the particle stack 11 to be thrown can be quickly thrown upwards, the upward thrown particle stack 11 to be thrown is dispersed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 in the direction of oblique upward surrounding under the guidance of the diversion surface 29 with gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, and finally uniformly drops to the edge particle stack 9 at the top of the periphery of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, so that the whole projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is filled with compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state;

meanwhile, the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is enlarged by descending the inner hemispherical shell 10, so that negative pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, and the water evaporation rate of compound fertilizer particles can be promoted under the negative pressure state; when the movable diversion sleeve 17 just descends to a position just combined with the axis column 16 and the diversion head 14 to form an inverted mushroom-head-shaped cast particle diversion device 0, the air guide holes 8 just communicate with the air exhaust holes 00, and at the moment, high-temperature air in the air heating chamber 7 is quickly sucked into the cast fertilizer particle drying bin 15 from all directions through the air exhaust holes 00 under the action of negative pressure, and the dispersed compound fertilizer particles are heated from all directions, so that the high-temperature air is uniformly introduced into the cast fertilizer particle drying bin 15, and the uniform high-temperature air drying effect is achieved;

step four, synchronously controlling each second lifter 4 to synchronously drive each synchronous oblique beam 6 to rapidly move upwards; therefore, the movable drainage sleeve 17 and the inner hemispherical shell 10 rapidly move upwards, the upward movement of the movable drainage sleeve 17 can make the plurality of air guide holes 8 and the plurality of exhaust holes 00 staggered, and the cylindrical column penetrates through the inner wall of the channel 22 to plug each air guide hole 8; when the inner hemispherical shell 10 is moved upwards to a state when the step III is not started, the inner hemispherical shell is suspended, and the inner hemispherical shell 10 is lifted to quickly increase the space of the closed air chamber cavity 12 with the crescent-shaped cross section, so that the flexible shell bottom 36 is quickly restored to a downward sunken state under the action of negative pressure; so that the peripheral particle pile 9 on the periphery of the flexible shell bottom 36 slides downwards to the upper side of the flexible shell bottom 36 in a downward sunken state and forms a new pile 11 of particles to be thrown; the upward displacement of the inner hemispherical shell 10 can compress the space of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, so that positive pressure is formed in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15, and at the moment, gas at the upper part of the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is upwards discharged out of the outside through the plurality of one-way gas valves 24 under the action of the positive pressure;

step five, periodically and continuously operating step three and step four; so that the particle pile 11 to be thrown is periodically converged and is periodically and rapidly thrown upwards, the particle pile 11 to be thrown upwards is dispersed in the inclined upwards direction around the throwing type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 under the guidance of the diversion surface 29 with the gradually reduced outer diameter from top to bottom, thereby the whole projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is filled with the compound fertilizer particles in a dispersed state, the contact area of the compound fertilizer and hot air is fully increased, negative pressure is generated periodically in the projection type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 to promote water evaporation, meanwhile, the high-temperature air in the air heating chamber 7 can be periodically and rapidly sucked into the projecting type fertilizer particle drying bin 15 from all directions through the plurality of exhaust holes 00 under the action of negative pressure to form the effect of uniform high-temperature air drying and heating, the gas at the top in the cast fertilizer particle drying bin 15 is periodically discharged out of the outside through a plurality of one-way gas valves 24; thereby the water vapor generated in the air heating chamber 7 is continuously discharged outside, and the drying process is accelerated;

step six, controlling the first lifter 1 to drive the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to lift the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 to move upwards to a height higher than the upper end of the cylinder 31, forming an annular feeding and discharging port 30 between the periphery of the disc-shaped sealing cover 25 and the upper end of the cylinder 31, and then controlling the horizontal rotating shaft 27 to rotate 90 degrees to enable the inner hemispherical shell 10 to deflect 90 degrees; and then the dried compound fertilizer particles are poured out through the annular feeding and discharging hole 30.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.