阅读说明：本技术 衰减材料组合物和衰减材料及其制备方法和应用 (Damping material composition, damping material, preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 丁拼搏 黄世琪 狄帮让 魏建新 李向阳 于 2020-04-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及油气勘探与开发技术领域,公开了一种衰减材料组合物和衰减材料及其制备方法和应用。其中,所述衰减材料组合物含有室温硫化硅橡胶、环氧树脂、第一固化剂和第二固化剂,其中,所述第一固化剂含有正硅酸乙酯和二丁基锡；且所述室温硫化硅橡胶与所述环氧树脂的重量比为(0.1-1)：1。该衰减材料具有的品质因子适合应用于地震物理模拟中。(The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, and discloses an attenuation material composition, an attenuation material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The attenuation material composition contains room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, epoxy resin, a first curing agent and a second curing agent, wherein the first curing agent contains ethyl orthosilicate and dibutyltin; and the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin is (0.1-1): 1. the attenuation material has a quality factor suitable for application in seismic physical simulation.)

1. The attenuation material composition is characterized by comprising room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, epoxy resin, a first curing agent and a second curing agent, wherein the first curing agent comprises ethyl orthosilicate and dibutyltin; and the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin is (0.1-1): 1.

2. the composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of ethyl orthosilicate to dibutyltin is 100: (2-4), preferably 100: (2.5-3.5).

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the first curing agent is 100: (2-4), preferably 100: (2.5-3.5).

4. The composition of claim 1 or 3, wherein the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 10 to 100 parts by weight, the first curing agent is 0.3 to 3 parts by weight, and the second curing agent is 10 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin;

preferably, the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 45-55 parts by weight, the first curing agent is 1-2 parts by weight, and the second curing agent is 15-25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin.

5. The composition of claim 1 or 4, wherein the second curing agent is an aliphatic amine curing agent;

preferably, the aliphatic amine curing agent has a viscosity of 50 to 120mPa · s at a temperature of 25 ℃ and an amine value of 600-700 mgKOH/g.

6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber has a viscosity of 12000 mPas at a temperature of 25 ℃;

preferably, the epoxy resin has a viscosity of 9000-14000 mPas at a temperature of 25 ℃ and an epoxy value of 0.5-0.54mol/100 g.

7. A method of preparing an attenuating material from a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:

(1) carrying out first heating treatment on room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, and then carrying out first mixing on the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and a first curing agent to obtain modified silicone rubber;

(2) carrying out second heating treatment on the epoxy resin, and then carrying out second mixing on the epoxy resin, a second curing agent and the modified silicon rubber;

(3) and (3) injecting the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a mold and carrying out curing treatment.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the first heating treatment is constant temperature heating for 1-48h at 20-50 ℃; preferably, the temperature is kept for 24 to 25 hours at 32 to 40 ℃;

preferably, the conditions of the first mixing include: stirring at 70-95 rpm for 6-12 min; more preferably, the stirring rate is 80-90 revolutions per minute for 8-10 min.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the second heating treatment is constant temperature heating for 1-48h at 20-50 ℃; preferably, the temperature is kept for 24 to 25 hours at 32 to 40 ℃;

preferably, the conditions of the second mixing include: stirring at 70-95 rpm for 6-12 min; more preferably, the stirring speed is 80-90 r/min, and the time is 8-10 min;

preferably, in step (3), the curing conditions include: the temperature is 18-32 ℃, and the time is 24-96 h; preferably, the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 48-72 h.

10. An attenuating material produced by the method of any one of claims 7-9.

11. Use of the attenuating material of claim 10 in a seismic physical model.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration and development, in particular to an attenuation material composition, an attenuation material, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

In the field of petroleum physical exploration, a physical model is an important technical means, and a seismic physical model and an indoor ultrasonic acquisition system are used for laboratory acquisition and processing, so that the seismic response characteristics of a specific model are researched, and the method has important guiding significance for oil and gas exploration and development. In the seismic physical model research, the preparation of physical model materials is a key technology for manufacturing a physical model, the simulation accuracy of the preparation is directly related to the success or failure of simulation experiment analysis, and the preparation has important research value and significance for simulating specific oil and natural gas reservoirs.

Surface and near-surface formations typically exhibit high attenuation and low velocity characteristics. The absorption and attenuation of the stratum to the earthquake usually causes the energy loss of the detection signal, influences the resolution of the data and reduces the detection precision of underground oil and gas.

In a laboratory, stratum attenuation characteristics are researched by a physical model simulation method, the field exploration condition can be effectively simulated based on reflected wave data of the physical model, all parameters in the simulation process have high controllability, and the obtained seismic data have high signal-to-noise ratio, so that the analysis of the data and the verification of theoretical methods, assumptions or hypotheses are facilitated.

The traditional epoxy resin material is prepared by epoxy resin and silicon rubber, the speed is 2000-2600m/s, and the quality factor Q value is 40-60, which is greatly different from the quality factor Q value of the stratum near the surface of the real earth by 15-40.

Therefore, in order to prepare a seismic physical model for simulating the near-surface stratum, the research of a high-attenuation material is important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect of large quality factor Q value of the attenuation material in the prior art, and provides an attenuation material composition, an attenuation material, a preparation method and application thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an attenuation material composition, wherein the attenuation material composition comprises a room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, an epoxy resin, a first curing agent and a second curing agent, wherein the first curing agent comprises ethyl orthosilicate and dibutyltin; and the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin is (0.1-1): 1.

in a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an attenuating material using the composition described above, wherein the method comprises:

(1) carrying out first heating treatment on room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, and then carrying out first mixing on the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and a first curing agent to obtain modified silicone rubber;

(2) carrying out second heating treatment on the epoxy resin, and then carrying out second mixing on the epoxy resin, a second curing agent and the modified silicon rubber;

(3) and (3) injecting the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a mold and carrying out curing treatment.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an attenuating material prepared by the method described above.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a use of the aforementioned attenuation material in a seismic physical model.

According to the technical scheme, after the room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, the epoxy resin, the first curing agent and the second curing agent are mixed, the room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is particularly adopted, wherein a thiol group in the room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and the epoxy resin are subjected to chemical reaction and gradually hardened and formed; the invention can be conveniently processed into various forms through the die, thereby manufacturing the attenuation material suitable for the earthquake physical model, and having strong plasticity; meanwhile, the longitudinal speed, the transverse speed, the density and the quality factor Q value of the attenuation material can meet the requirements of near-surface stratum simulation; in addition, the method has simple process and good stability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of making an attenuating material according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of waveforms obtained by measuring the attenuating materials prepared in examples 1 to 15 of the present invention and comparative example 1 using a pulse transmission insertion method;

FIG. 3 is a normalized amplitude spectrum of signals of the attenuating materials prepared in examples 1, 3, 7, 9, 11 and 13 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin and the variation in Q value of the quality factor for the damping materials prepared in examples 1 to 15 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a photograph of samples of the attenuating material prepared in example 7 and comparative example 2;

fig. 6 is a photograph of a sample of the attenuating material prepared in comparative example 3.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Photographs of samples of the attenuating material prepared in example 7;

2. photographs of samples of the attenuating material prepared in comparative example 2.

Detailed Description

The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

The invention provides an attenuation material composition, wherein the attenuation material composition contains room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, epoxy resin, a first curing agent and a second curing agent, wherein the first curing agent contains ethyl orthosilicate and dibutyltin; and the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the epoxy resin is (0.1-1): 1.

according to the invention, the weight ratio of ethyl orthosilicate to dibutyltin is 100: (2-4), preferably 100: (2.5-3.5). In the invention, the weight ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the dibutyltin is limited to be within the range, so that the catalytic effect is good, and the prepared modified silicone rubber has stable properties.

According to the invention, the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the first curing agent is 100: (2-4), preferably 100: (2.5-3.5), more preferably 100: 3. in the invention, the weight ratio of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber to the first curing agent is limited to be within the range, so that the catalytic effect is good, and the prepared modified silicone rubber has stable properties.

According to the invention, based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 10-100 parts by weight, the first curing agent is 0.3-3 parts by weight, and the second curing agent is 10-30 parts by weight; preferably, the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 45-55 parts by weight, the first curing agent is 1-2 parts by weight, and the second curing agent is 15-25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the epoxy resin. In the invention, the contents of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, the first curing agent and the second curing agent are limited to be within the ranges, so that the catalytic effect is good, and the prepared modified silicone rubber has stable properties.

According to the invention, the second curing agent is an aliphatic amine curing agent; preferably, the aliphatic amine curing agent has a viscosity of 50 to 120 mPas, preferably 70 to 90 mPas, and an amine value of 600-700mgKOH/g at a temperature of 25 ℃. In the present invention, the aliphatic amine curing agent can be obtained commercially, for example, from Shanghai resin works, Ltd., type 593-2, a package size of 5kg/20kg, a colorless transparent liquid in appearance, a color of 2 or less, a viscosity of 70 to 90 mPa.s at 25 ℃ and an amine value of 600-700 mgKOH/g.

According to the invention, the viscosity of the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber at the temperature of 25 ℃ is 2000-12000mPa.s, preferably 6000-9000 mPa.s; in the present invention, the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber can be obtained commercially, for example, from Shanghai resin works, Inc. with the model number of 107, the packaging specification of 4kg/50kg, the appearance of colorless transparent fluid, the viscosity of 6000-9000mPa.s at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the surface vulcanization time of 2h or less.

According to the invention, the viscosity of the epoxy resin at a temperature of 25 ℃ is 9000-14000 mPa.s, and the epoxy value is 0.5-0.54mol/100 g; in the present invention, the epoxy resin may be commercially available, for example, 618 bisphenol A type epoxy resin available from Shanghai resin works, Ltd., having a package size of 20kg, a colorless transparent liquid appearance, a color number of 2 or less, a viscosity of 11000-12000 mPas at 25 ℃ and an epoxy value of 0.5-0.54mol/100 g.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an attenuating material using the composition described above, wherein the method comprises:

(1) carrying out first heating treatment on room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, and then carrying out first mixing on the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber and a first curing agent to obtain modified silicone rubber;

(2) carrying out second heating treatment on the epoxy resin, and then carrying out second mixing on the epoxy resin, a second curing agent and the modified silicon rubber;

(3) and (3) injecting the mixture obtained in the step (2) into a mold and carrying out curing treatment.

According to the invention, in the step (1), the first heating treatment is carried out in a constant-temperature heating mode, and is kept for 1-48h under the condition that the temperature is 20-50 ℃; preferably, the temperature is kept at 32-40 ℃ for 24-25 h.

According to the invention, the conditions of the first mixing comprise: stirring at 70-95 rpm for 6-12 min; more preferably, the stirring rate is 80-90 revolutions per minute for 8-10 min.

According to the invention, in the step (2), the second heating treatment is carried out in a constant-temperature heating mode, and is kept for 1-48h under the condition that the temperature is 20-50 ℃; preferably, the temperature is kept at 32-40 ℃ for 24-25 h.

According to the invention, the conditions of the second mixing comprise: stirring at 70-95 rpm for 6-12 min; more preferably, the stirring rate is 80-90 revolutions per minute for 8-10 min.

According to the present invention, in step (3), the curing may be performed at room temperature, and in the present invention, specifically, the curing conditions include: the temperature is 18-32 ℃, and the time is 24-96 h; preferably, the temperature is 20-30 ℃ and the time is 48-72 h.

According to the invention, the method further comprises: performing third mixing on the second mixed mixture under the vacuum condition; preferably, the conditions of the third mixing include: stirring at 70-95 rpm for 6-12 min; more preferably, the stirring rate is 80-90 revolutions per minute for 8-10 min.

According to the invention, the method also comprises the steps of carrying out surface processing treatment on the prepared attenuation material, specifically, taking out a sample from the die, and processing the sample by using a fine engraving machine to ensure that the surface is smooth and flat, the degree of finish is 0.01-0.02mm, and the parallelism is 0.01-0.02 mm; preferably, the finish is 0.01mm and the parallelism is 0.01 mm.

According to the present invention, the mold is not particularly limited, and may be a rectangular parallelepiped sample or a cube sample, for example, in the present invention, the mold may be a rectangular parallelepiped sample having a side length of 63 to 70mm and a height of 55 to 70mm, or a cube sample having a side length of 63 to 70mm or 55 to 70 mm.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an attenuating material prepared by the method described above.

The longitudinal wave velocity Vp of the attenuation material is 2.098-2.602m/s, the transverse wave velocity Vs is 0.65-1.17m/s, and the density is 1.182-1.231g/cm³Qp is 8.42-25.1, and Qs is 7.79-27.66. In addition, the preparation process is simple, and the Q value and the speed of the prepared attenuation material are approximately in an exponential relationship and approximate to real formation characteristics.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a use of the above-mentioned attenuating material in a seismic physical model.

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.

In the following examples and comparative examples:

1. instrument for measuring the position of a moving object

(1) The heating and preheating equipment adopts an electric heating constant temperature incubator, is purchased from Zhongzhong experimental electric furnace Co., Ltd, in Tianjin, and has the model of DHP-600 and the temperature of 35-40 ℃.

(2) The material weighing equipment adopts an electronic balance, is purchased from Dorprison electronics Inc., has the model of JS-15S and the precision of 0.5 g.

(3) Electronic balance, available from Shunhua constant scientific instruments, Inc. model No. FA2004, precision 0.1 mg.

(4) The ultrasonic testing equipment adopts an ultrasonic transducer, is purchased from Guangzhou Shantou ultrasonic electronic products Co., Ltd, and has models of RS1.0M20D and RP1.0M20D.

(5) The pulse exciter is purchased from Guangzhou Shantou ultrasonic electronic products Co., Ltd, and is of a model of CTS-8077 PR.

(6) Digital oscilloscope (model DPO 3012) from Tak technologies, Inc.

2. Method for testing quality factor Q

The pulse transmission method is one of the most common methods for measuring the Q value in a laboratory, and the method mainly measures the Q value of a sample by using a transmission wave excited by a transducer, and the measurement process of the method is that the transducer is generally in direct contact with the sample, and the sample is coupled with the transducer by coating a corresponding coupling agent on the surface of the sample. When the Q value is measured by using a pulse transmission method, two different test modes can be selected according to the characteristics of a sample to be measured. Selecting a sample with a known Q value as a reference sample, wherein the geometric shape of the reference sample needs to be similar to or the same as that of the measured sample, processing the measurement data of the measured sample and the measurement data of the reference sample, and obtaining the Q value of the measured sample by calculation, wherein the method is a reference sample method (spectral ratio method).

When the signal propagates the same distance x in both samples, the amplitude spectra of the received signals of the two samples can be represented by the following formula:

in the formula A₁、A₂Representing the received signal amplitude spectra of the reference sample and the test sample, respectively, A₀Is seismic source spectrum, α is attenuation coefficient, G is diffraction effect factor (geometric diffusion)Factor) w is the instrument receive response function. The division of (1) and (2) is taken from the natural logarithm to give:

the reference sample is generally selected to be a material with less attenuation, such as an aluminum sample, so that α can be used₁Approximately 0. for the constant Q model case, the attenuation factor α has the following relationship with the quality factor:

therefore, in order to obtain the quality factor Q of the sample, it is necessary to prepare a reference sample having a close shape (in this example, aluminum is used, and Q is approximately 15000), and it is necessary to know the speed and length of the sample and the waveform of the ultrasonic wave after passing through the transducer.