阅读说明：本技术 一种轮毂内永磁缓速与摩擦制动集成装置 (Permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in hub ) 是由 王奎洋 宋怡宁 李国庆 卢琼 朱咸甲 刘静 甘宇童 唐金花 于 2020-03-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种轮毂内永磁缓速与摩擦制动集成装置,包括用于辅助制动轮毂的永磁缓速机构和用于主要制动轮毂的摩擦制动机构,所述永磁缓速机构包括电磁离合器、行星架组件和涡流制动组件,所述轮毂与半轴固定连接,所述电磁离合器设置在所述半轴上并且用于驱动所述行星架组件转动,所述涡流制动组件包括与车桥连接的永磁组件和转动设置在所述轮毂和所述永磁组件之间的转子鼓,所述转子鼓上表面覆有铜层,所述行星架组件与所述转子鼓传动连接。本发明集成了永磁缓速机构与摩擦制动系统的功能与优点,利用非接触永磁制动分担制动能量,从而降低摩擦制动器的磨损,提高车辆制动器的抗热衰退性能。(The invention relates to a permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in a hub, which comprises a permanent magnet retarding mechanism for assisting in braking the hub and a friction braking mechanism for mainly braking the hub, wherein the permanent magnet retarding mechanism comprises an electromagnetic clutch, a planet carrier assembly and an eddy current braking assembly, the hub is fixedly connected with a half shaft, the electromagnetic clutch is arranged on the half shaft and is used for driving the planet carrier assembly to rotate, the eddy current braking assembly comprises a permanent magnet assembly connected with an axle and a rotor drum rotatably arranged between the hub and the permanent magnet assembly, the upper surface of the rotor drum is coated with a copper layer, and the planet carrier assembly is in transmission connection with the rotor drum. The invention integrates the functions and advantages of the permanent magnet retarding mechanism and the friction braking system, and utilizes the non-contact permanent magnet braking to share the braking energy, thereby reducing the abrasion of the friction brake and improving the heat fading resistance of the vehicle brake.)

1. The utility model provides a permanent magnetism retards and friction braking integrated device in wheel hub which characterized in that: including the friction braking mechanism (8) that is used for the permanent magnetism retarding mechanism of auxiliary brake wheel hub (14) and is used for main brake wheel hub (14), permanent magnetism retarding mechanism includes electromagnetic clutch, planet carrier subassembly and eddy current brake subassembly, wheel hub (14) and semi-axis (10) fixed connection, electromagnetic clutch sets up on semi-axis (10) and be used for the drive the planet carrier subassembly rotates, eddy current brake subassembly includes the permanent magnetism subassembly of being connected with the axle and rotates the setting and is in wheel hub (14) with rotor drum (5) between the permanent magnetism subassembly, rotor drum (5) upper surface covers has the copper layer, planet carrier subassembly with rotor drum (5) transmission is connected.

2. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electromagnetic clutch comprises an electromagnetic clutch driving disc (12), an electromagnetic clutch driven disc (13) and an armature iron (22) arranged between the electromagnetic clutch driving disc (12) and the electromagnetic clutch driven disc (13), the driving disc (12) of the electromagnetic clutch is fixedly arranged on the half shaft (10), the driven disc (13) of the electromagnetic clutch is rotationally arranged on the half shaft (10), the armature (22) is elastically connected with the driving disc (12) of the electromagnetic clutch through a leaf spring (21), an electromagnetic coil (24) is arranged on the electromagnetic clutch driven disc (13), a friction block (23) is arranged on one side of the electromagnetic clutch driven disc (13) close to the armature (22), the position of the friction block (23) corresponds to the positions of the electromagnetic coil (24) and the armature (22), and the driven disc (13) of the electromagnetic clutch drives the planet carrier assembly component to rotate.

3. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 2, characterized in that: planet carrier assembly includes ring gear (17), planetary gear (18) and sun gear (19), ring gear (17) internal meshing have planetary gear (18) with sun gear (19), sun gear (19) with semi-axis (10) swing joint, ring gear (17) with permanent magnet assembly fixed connection, electromagnetic clutch driven plate (13) with planetary gear (18) transmission is connected and is driven planetary gear (18) rotate.

4. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 3, wherein: the permanent magnet assembly comprises a fixed support (7) and a first connecting frame (15), the fixed support (7) is cylindrical, a plurality of magnets (6) are arranged on the fixed support (7), the polarities of the adjacent magnets (6) are opposite, the axis of the fixed support (7) is consistent with the axis of the half shaft (10), and the fixed support (7) is fixedly connected with the gear ring (17) through the first connecting frame (15).

5. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 4, wherein: the first connecting frame (15) comprises a plurality of first connecting rods which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, a gap is arranged between every two adjacent first connecting rods, and the first connecting rods are provided with ventilation holes.

6. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 3, wherein: rotor drum (5) are cylindricly, rotor drum (5) outside is equipped with helical shape radiating vane (4), rotor drum (5) with permanent magnetism subassembly is coaxial, just copper layer on rotor drum (5) with clearance between the permanent magnetism subassembly is 1mm, rotor drum (5) through second link (16) with sun gear (19) fixed connection.

7. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 6, wherein: the sun gear (19) and the second connecting frame (16) are fixedly connected through a spline.

8. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 6, wherein: the second connecting frame (16) comprises a plurality of second connecting rods which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, a gap is arranged between every two adjacent second connecting rods, and the second connecting rods are provided with ventilation holes.

9. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the copper layer is 1 mm.

10. The integrated device for permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: friction brake mechanism (8) are including brake motor (25), the brake caliper body (26), feed screw nut mechanism and two friction disc (9), brake caliper body (26) one end with the casing fixed connection of brake motor (25), other end fixed connection one friction disc (9), the coaxial fixedly connected with lead screw (27) of output shaft of brake motor (25), it is equipped with nut (28) to slide on lead screw (27), nut (28) are fixed with another friction block (23), two be equipped with brake disc (11) between friction block (23), brake disc (11) are fixed to be set up on semi-axis (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in a wheel hub.

Background

The brake system is one of the important components of the automobile chassis and is directly related to the comprehensive performance and life and property safety of the automobile. Although the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic brake system can meet various requirements of the existing brake laws and regulations, the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic brake system has the defects of complex pipeline arrangement, dependence on a vacuum power assisting device, slow brake response speed, incapability of actively adjusting brake torque, difficulty in integrated control with other systems and the like, and is not suitable for development requirements of automobiles, particularly electric automobiles.

The brake-by-wire system realizes the decoupling of a brake pedal mechanism and a brake actuating mechanism, mainly comprises an electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) and an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB), cancels the direct connection between the brake pedal mechanism and the brake actuating mechanism, takes an electric wire as an information transmission medium, and an electronic control unit identifies the brake intention according to the related sensor signal to control the brake actuating mechanism to act, thereby realizing the control of the brake force of each wheel.

When the vehicle is continuously braked for a long time, is braked at high strength or is frequently braked, the temperature of a brake disc or a brake drum can be greatly increased, so that the friction factor is reduced, the abrasion degree is increased, and the dangerous heat fading phenomenon that the braking efficiency is partially or even completely lost occurs. Although the application of an anti-lock braking system (ABS), an electronic brake force distribution system (EBD), etc. improves the stability and reliability of vehicle braking, they have little effect on the heat fading phenomenon of the brakes. At present, many countries including China clearly stipulate that vehicles with more than a certain specification must be provided with auxiliary braking devices, so that the load of a friction brake is effectively shunted, and the braking safety performance of the vehicle is improved. The permanent magnet type retarder is one of auxiliary braking devices, and has the advantages of non-contact, small volume, light weight, low magnet temperature rise, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like. However, the existing permanent magnet retarder is generally arranged behind a transmission or in front of a main speed reducer, and the problems that the existing permanent magnet retarder only acts on driving wheels, the braking torque of the driving wheels at two sides cannot be independently adjusted, space is needed for assembly, the assembly is relatively difficult, and the existing permanent magnet retarder is not suitable for high-quality integrated control with friction braking, and the like exist.

The permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in the hub combines the functions and advantages of a permanent magnet retarder and a brake-by-wire system, can be respectively installed on the inner sides of all wheels, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low energy consumption, convenience in installation, flexibility in control and the like. However, the integrated device of permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in the hub is not mentioned. At present, the most similar related technologies to the patent of the present invention are the invention patent with the publication number "CN 102155508B", a brake and a braking method combining permanent magnet braking and friction braking ", and the invention patent with the publication number" CN109058328B ", a vehicle wheel-side composite braking device integrating permanent magnet braking and friction braking. However, the permanent magnet brake torque provided by the brake is small, and the friction brake and the permanent magnet brake act on the same brake disc, so that the heat fading resistance is improved slightly; the permanent magnet brake assembly is positioned on the inner side of the integrated brake disc, the radius of the permanent magnet brake acting force is smaller, the generated auxiliary brake torque needs to be improved, and the permanent magnet brake torque adjusting device is more complex.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in a hub, aiming at solving the problems of small permanent magnet braking torque and low integration level of permanent magnet braking and friction braking, comprising a permanent magnet retarding mechanism for assisting in braking the hub and a friction braking mechanism for mainly braking the hub, wherein the permanent magnet retarding mechanism comprises an electromagnetic clutch, a planet carrier assembly and an eddy current braking assembly, the hub is fixedly connected with a half shaft, the electromagnetic clutch is arranged on the half shaft and is used for driving the planet carrier assembly to rotate, the eddy current braking assembly comprises a permanent magnet assembly connected with an axle and a rotor drum rotatably arranged between the hub and the permanent magnet assembly, the upper surface of the rotor drum is coated with a copper layer, and the planet carrier assembly is in transmission connection with the rotor drum.

Preferably, electromagnetic clutch includes electromagnetic clutch driving disc, electromagnetic clutch driven disc and sets up armature between electromagnetic clutch driving disc and the electromagnetic clutch driven disc, the electromagnetic clutch driving disc is fixed to be set up on the semi-axis, the electromagnetic clutch driven disc rotates to set up on the semi-axis, armature pass through the leaf spring with electromagnetic clutch driving disc elastic connection, be equipped with solenoid on the electromagnetic clutch driven disc, the electromagnetic clutch driven disc is close to one side of armature is equipped with the clutch block, the position of clutch block with solenoid with the armature position is corresponding, the drive of electromagnetic clutch driven disc the planet carrier subassembly rotates. The flat spring is in a circular ring shape and is fixedly connected with the driving disc and the armature of the electromagnetic clutch through rivets. The armature is also in a circular ring shape and is movably arranged on the half shaft, when the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the armature overcomes the elastic force of the flat spring and contacts with a friction block on the driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch, so that the driving disc of the electromagnetic clutch is connected with the driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch, and the driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch is driven to rotate.

Further, the planet carrier assembly comprises a gear ring, a planetary gear and a sun gear, the planetary gear and the sun gear are engaged in the gear ring, the sun gear is movably connected with the half shaft, the gear ring is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet assembly, and a driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch is in transmission connection with the planetary gear and drives the planetary gear to rotate. The electromagnetic clutch driven disc is used as a planet carrier of the planet carrier assembly and is fixedly connected with the planet gears, the four planet gears are meshed in the gear ring, and the four planet gears are all meshed with the outer teeth of the sun gear. The sun gear is movably connected with the half shaft through the rolling bearing, when the driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch rotates, the planetary gear is driven to rotate, the planetary gear drives the sun gear to rotate, and the sun gear drives the rotor drum to rotate, so that the purpose of improving the rotating speed of the rotor drum is achieved.

Preferably, the permanent magnet assembly comprises a fixed support and a first connecting frame, the fixed support is cylindrical, a plurality of magnets are arranged on the fixed support, the polarities of the adjacent magnets are opposite, the axis of the fixed support is consistent with the axis of the half shaft, and the fixed support is fixedly connected with the gear ring through the first connecting frame. The fixed support is made of magnetic conductive materials, and the N-S-N-S are arranged at intervals to act with a copper layer on the surface of the rotor drum to generate an eddy current effect and generate a permanent magnet braking torque. Magnet is the high performance permanent magnet, fixed bolster one end and axle or frame fixed connection, and the other end and first link fixed connection, first link passes through spline or locating pin fixed connection with the ring gear outer lane.

Furthermore, the first connecting frame comprises a plurality of first connecting rods which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, a gap is arranged between every two adjacent first connecting rods, and the first connecting rods are provided with ventilation holes. When the magnet is moved to cut the magnetic field, a large amount of heat can be generated, and the vent holes and the gaps are used for heat dissipation, so that the air can carry the heat conveniently.

Preferably, the rotor drum is cylindrical, spiral radiating blades are arranged on the outer side of the rotor drum, the rotor drum is coaxial with the permanent magnet assembly, a gap between a copper layer on the rotor drum and the permanent magnet assembly is 1mm, and the rotor drum is fixedly connected with the sun gear through a second connecting frame. The rotor drum is made of aluminum alloy, the rotor drum is located between the hub and the permanent magnet assembly, a copper layer on the surface of the rotor drum is perpendicular to the direction of a magnetic field of the permanent magnet assembly, the rotor drum cuts the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet assembly to generate an eddy current effect and generate a permanent magnet braking torque, so that the rotating speed of the sun wheel is reduced, the rotating speed of a driven disc of the electromagnetic clutch is reduced, then the rotating speed of a driving disc of the electromagnetic clutch fixed on the half shaft is reduced, the rotating speed of the half shaft is reduced finally, a braking effect is achieved, partial braking energy of a vehicle is shared, the burden and abrasion of a friction braking mechanism are reduced, and the heat fading resistance. The size of the copper layer coated on the rotor drum is close to the width of a wheel, the space in the wheel hub is fully utilized, the action radius of the permanent magnet braking force is larger, and the permanent magnet braking torque is increased.

Further, the sun gear and the second connecting frame are fixedly connected through a spline.

Preferably, the second connecting frame comprises a plurality of second connecting rods which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, a gap is arranged between every two adjacent second connecting rods, and the second connecting rods are provided with ventilation holes. When the rotor drum makes cutting movement to the magnetic field, a large amount of heat can be generated, and the vent holes and the gaps are used for heat dissipation, so that the air can bring heat conveniently.

Further, the thickness of the copper layer is 1 mm.

Preferably, the friction braking mechanism includes a brake motor, a brake caliper body, a screw nut mechanism and two friction plates, the left end of the brake caliper body is fixedly connected with a housing of the brake motor, the right end of the brake caliper body is fixedly connected with one friction plate, an output shaft of the brake motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw, a nut is slidably arranged on the screw, the nut is fixed with the other friction block, a brake disc is arranged between the two friction plates, and the brake disc is fixedly arranged on the half shaft. When the friction braking mechanism works, the braking motor works, the nut makes linear motion on the screw rod, and the nut pushes the two friction plates to press or move away from the brake disc, so that the control of friction braking torque is realized.

Has the advantages that: 1. the invention integrates the functions and advantages of a permanent magnet retarding mechanism and a friction braking system, and utilizes non-contact permanent magnet braking to share braking energy, thereby reducing the abrasion of the friction brake and improving the heat fading resistance of the vehicle brake;

2. the invention adopts a distributed arrangement mode, cancels the traditional hydraulic or pneumatic pipeline, and has relatively easy arrangement and small change to the original automobile system structure because the integrated brake device is independently arranged in the wheel hub;

3. the integrated brake device can jointly control the permanent magnet brake torque and the friction brake torque, fully exerts the permanent magnet retarding brake effect, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low energy consumption, convenient arrangement, suitability for high-quality integrated control and the like;

4. the integrated brake device adopts a group of planetary gear wheel mechanisms for improving the rotating speed of the rotor drum and increasing the permanent magnet brake capacity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the magnet arrangement of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the friction braking mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention;

1. a wheel; 2. an integrated device; 3. a tire; 4. a heat dissipating fin; 5. a rotor drum; 6. a magnet; 7. fixing a bracket; 8. a friction braking mechanism; 9. a friction plate; 10. a half shaft; 11. a brake disc; 12. a driving disc of an electromagnetic clutch; 13. a driven disc of an electromagnetic clutch; 14. a hub; 15. a first connecting frame; 16. a second link frame; 17. a ring gear; 18. a planetary gear; 19. a sun gear; 20. a half shaft flange; 21. a leaf spring; 22. an armature; 23. a friction block; 24. an electromagnetic coil; 25. brake motor, 26, brake caliper body; 27. a screw rod; 28. a nut; 29. and a sliding pin.

Detailed Description