阅读说明：本技术 三维曲面加工装置及方法和应用 (Three-dimensional curved surface machining device and method and application ) 是由 钱德贵 于 2020-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了三维曲面加工装置及方法和应用。该装置包括切削工具、夹具、进给机构和凸轮机构,以目标加工曲面投影在XOZ面上外轮廓线旋转180°得到的曲线作为凸轮的特征轮廓曲线,以目标加工曲面上特征曲线的形状作为切削工具的切削刃的形状,控制进给机构驱动待加工零件坯料在X轴方向上相对切削工具作相向运动,在凸轮与从动件的配合下,待加工零件坯料相对于切削工具同时产生Z轴方向上的位移,切削工具在待加工零件坯料的不同接触位置上加工出一系列形状相同的曲线,最终形成目标加工曲面,完成三维曲面加工。本发明结构简单,方便控制,容易实现,精度控制好,加工效率高,成本低,设备维护方便,尤其适合竹木制品的三维曲面加工。(The invention discloses a three-dimensional curved surface processing device and method and application. The device comprises a cutting tool, a clamp, a feeding mechanism and a cam mechanism, wherein a curve obtained by rotating an outer contour line of a projection of a target processing curved surface on an XOZ surface by 180 degrees is used as a characteristic contour curve of the cam, the shape of the characteristic curve on the target processing curved surface is used as the shape of a cutting edge of the cutting tool, the feeding mechanism is controlled to drive a blank of a part to be processed to move oppositely to the cutting tool in the X-axis direction, under the matching of the cam and a driven part, the blank of the part to be processed simultaneously generates displacement in the Z-axis direction relative to the cutting tool, the cutting tool processes a series of curves with the same shape at different contact positions of the blank of the part to be processed, and finally the target processing curved surface is formed to finish three. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, easy realization, good precision control, high processing efficiency, low cost and convenient equipment maintenance, and is particularly suitable for processing the three-dimensional curved surface of the bamboo and wood product.)

1. A three-dimensional curved surface processing device is characterized by comprising:

a cutting tool comprising a cutting portion having a cutting edge with the same shape as a characteristic curve on a target processing curved surface, the target processing curved surface being a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by subjecting the characteristic curve to translational scanning in a flat scanning direction, the characteristic curve being determined by: taking the horizontal scanning direction as an X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to a YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projection and aggregation of each intersecting line on an XOY plane, and taking the intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment as a characteristic curve;

the clamp is used for clamping a part blank to be machined, so that the part blank to be machined is fixed on the clamp and a region to be machined of the part blank to be machined is arranged below a cutting edge of the cutting tool;

the feeding mechanism is connected with the clamp and is used for realizing the transmission of the clamp in the X-axis direction so as to realize the feeding motion of the part blank to be processed along the X-axis direction;

a cam mechanism comprising a follower and a fixed cam; the shape of the characteristic profile curve of the cam and the shape of an outer profile line projected on an XOZ surface by the target processing curved surface are mirror images which are vertically symmetrical, and the direction of the characteristic profile curve from the starting end to the ending end is consistent with the advancing direction of the part blank to be processed towards the cutting tool; the follower is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate of the clamp and is matched with the cam, so that the follower moves from a starting end to a terminating end along the characteristic profile curve of the cam in the feeding process of the clamp along the X-axis direction;

the YOZ surface is a projection surface of a front view of the target processing curved surface, and the XOY surface is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; and the XOZ surface is a projection surface of a side view of the target processing curved surface.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the characteristic curve is an arc.

3. The apparatus for machining a three-dimensional curved surface according to claim 1, wherein the cutting tool is a fixed type forming cutter or a rotary cutter head.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cam is a moving cam or a rotating cam.

5. The apparatus for machining a three-dimensional curved surface according to claim 1, wherein the cam is a plate cam or a disc cam.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the follower is a roller follower or a pointed follower.

7. A three-dimensional curved surface processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: after the target processing curved surface is determined, the target processing curved surface is regarded as a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by performing translation scanning on a characteristic curve along a flat scanning direction, and the characteristic curve is determined in the following way: taking the horizontal scanning direction as an X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to a YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projection and aggregation of each intersecting line on an XOY plane, and taking an intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment as a characteristic curve;

step two: preparing a cutting tool by taking the shape of the characteristic curve as the shape of a cutting edge of a cutting part of the cutting tool;

step three: determining the shape of an outer contour line projected on an XOZ surface by the target processing curved surface, and taking a curve obtained by rotating the target processing curved surface by 180 degrees as the shape of a characteristic contour curve of the cam to obtain the cam;

step four: clamping a part blank to be processed on a clamp; mounting the cutting tool in a position such that the area to be machined of the part blank is positioned below and in contact with the cutting edge of the cutting tool; positioning the cam in a position such that the cam cooperates with a follower mounted at the bottom of the base plate of the clamp: the follower is in contact with the starting end of the characteristic profile curve of the cam, the direction of the characteristic profile curve of the cam from the starting end to the ending end is consistent with the advancing direction of the part blank to be machined towards the cutting tool, and the motion track of the follower is consistent with the characteristic profile curve of the cam;

step five: starting a feeding mechanism connected with the clamp, so that the clamp and the part blank to be machined move forwards along the X-axis direction, correspondingly, the driven piece moves from a starting end to a terminating end along the characteristic contour curve of the cam, and when the driven piece is in contact with the terminating end of the characteristic contour curve of the cam, completing one machining cycle to obtain a target part with a target machining curved surface;

the YOZ surface is a projection surface of a front view of the target processing curved surface, and the XOY surface is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; and the XOZ surface is a projection surface of a side view of the target processing curved surface.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the follower is a roller follower or a pointed follower.

9. The application of the three-dimensional curved surface processing device of any one of claims 1 to 6 in processing of three-dimensional curved surfaces of bamboo and wood products.

10. The use of the three-dimensional curved surface processing method of claim 7 or 8 in the processing of three-dimensional curved surfaces of bamboo and wood products.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional curved surface machining device and method and application.

Background

In the field of machining, various machining operations are often performed on a workpiece, such as cutting, stamping and the like on a surface of the workpiece, wherein a common method is to machine a planar plate into a three-dimensional curved surface with a certain curvature.

Most of traditional curved surface processing methods are to select a punch matched with a target curved surface, fix a workpiece on a machine tool, drive the punch to impact the workpiece by using an air cylinder, and finally form the workpiece into a preset shape. However, the existing process has certain defects, for example, a workpiece is directly fixed on a machine tool, and friction exists between the workpiece and the machine tool in the machining process, so that certain damage is caused to the surface of the workpiece; the friction force and the impact force between the workpiece and the punch are large, the impact strength of the workpiece is reduced, and the service life of the workpiece is shortened. Also have the mode that adopts manual work to realize, artifical manual use milling cutter processes, then polishes through file or abrasive band and repaiies curved surface and fillet, and the operation is complicated, and work load is big, and work efficiency is low, and dust pollution is serious, and operational environment is abominable, along with the increase of cost of labor, the manufacturing cost greatly increased of enterprise.

With the continuous development of the industry, people expect to finish various complex curved surfaces by mechanical and automatic means. The current common means is a numerical control processing mode, the numerical control processing technology is different from the traditional processing technology, the numerical control processing technology is a technology for finely processing parts on a numerical control machine tool, the technology needs to be applied to mechanical processing parts and a digital information control method, and the technology is a more complex technology. For example, at present, a numerical control five-axis linkage machine tool is mostly adopted for machining complex curved surfaces, the requirement of five-axis linkage on a control system is high, contents in aspects of precise control, software algorithm and the like are related, the manufacturing cost is high, and the burden is overlarge for small factories; in addition, the number of linked shafts is large, and machining errors brought by the linkage are doubled, so that the machining precision of the curved surface is reduced; moreover, the numerical control machining is generally single-piece machining, the machining time is long, and the numerical control machining mode is not suitable for the production of low-profit large-batch parts.

Therefore, the device and the method for realizing high-precision three-dimensional curved surface machining at low cost are found, and the technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by vast middle and small enterprises is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus and method, which do not require complicated electric control equipment and numerical control processing means, and have the advantages of low cost, high processing efficiency, simple implementation manner, and convenient maintenance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus including:

a cutting tool comprising a cutting portion having a cutting edge with the same shape as a characteristic curve on a target processing curved surface, the target processing curved surface being a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by subjecting the characteristic curve to translational scanning in a flat scanning direction, the characteristic curve being determined by: taking the horizontal scanning direction as an X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to a YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projection and aggregation of each intersecting line on an XOY plane, and taking the intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment as a characteristic curve;

the clamp is used for clamping a part blank to be machined, so that the part blank to be machined is fixed on the clamp and a region to be machined of the part blank to be machined is arranged below a cutting edge of the cutting tool;

the feeding mechanism is connected with the clamp and is used for realizing the transmission of the clamp in the X-axis direction so as to realize the feeding motion of the part blank to be processed along the X-axis direction;

a cam mechanism comprising a follower and a fixed cam; the shape of the characteristic profile curve of the cam and the shape of an outer profile line projected on an XOZ surface by the target processing curved surface are mirror images which are vertically symmetrical, and the direction of the characteristic profile curve from the starting end to the ending end is consistent with the advancing direction of the part blank to be processed towards the cutting tool; the follower is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate of the clamp and is matched with the cam, so that the follower moves from a starting end to a terminating end along the characteristic profile curve of the cam in the feeding process of the clamp along the X-axis direction;

the YOZ surface is a projection surface of a front view of the target processing curved surface, and the XOY surface is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; and the XOZ surface is a projection surface of a side view of the target processing curved surface.

The characteristic curve of the target processing curved surface can be a curve with any shape, and in some specific examples of the invention, the characteristic curve is an arc line.

In some embodiments of the invention, the cutting tool is a stationary forming tool or a rotating cutter head.

In some embodiments of the invention, the cam is a moving cam or a rotary cam.

In some embodiments of the invention, the movable cam is a plate cam.

In some embodiments of the invention, the rotary cam is a disc cam.

In some embodiments of the invention, the follower is a roller follower or a pointed follower.

The invention also provides a three-dimensional curved surface processing method, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: after the target processing curved surface is determined, the target processing curved surface is regarded as a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by performing translation scanning on a characteristic curve along a flat scanning direction, and the characteristic curve is determined in the following way: taking the horizontal scanning direction as an X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to a YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projection and aggregation of each intersecting line on an XOY plane, and taking an intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment as a characteristic curve;

step two: preparing a cutting tool by taking the shape of the characteristic curve as the shape of a cutting edge of a cutting part of the cutting tool;

step three: determining the shape of an outer contour line projected on an XOZ surface by the target processing curved surface, and taking a curve obtained by rotating the target processing curved surface by 180 degrees as the shape of a characteristic contour curve of the cam to obtain the cam;

step four: clamping a part blank to be processed on a clamp; mounting the cutting tool in a position such that the area to be machined of the part blank is positioned below and in contact with the cutting edge of the cutting tool; positioning the cam in a position such that the cam cooperates with a follower mounted at the bottom of the base plate of the clamp: the follower is in contact with the starting end of the characteristic profile curve of the cam, the direction of the characteristic profile curve of the cam from the starting end to the ending end is consistent with the advancing direction of the part blank to be machined towards the cutting tool, and the motion track of the follower is consistent with the characteristic profile curve of the cam;

step five: starting a feeding mechanism connected with the clamp, so that the clamp and the part blank to be machined move forwards along the X-axis direction, correspondingly, the driven piece moves from a starting end to a terminating end along the characteristic contour curve of the cam, and when the driven piece is in contact with the terminating end of the characteristic contour curve of the cam, completing one machining cycle to obtain a target part with a target machining curved surface;

the YOZ surface is a projection surface of a front view of the target processing curved surface, and the XOY surface is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; and the XOZ surface is a projection surface of a side view of the target processing curved surface.

And taking down the target part on the blanking station, returning to the loading station, reloading and carrying out the next processing cycle.

The three-dimensional curved surface processing device can be used in various occasions, and is particularly suitable for processing the three-dimensional curved surface of the bamboo and wood product.

The three-dimensional curved surface processing method can be used in various occasions, and is particularly suitable for processing the three-dimensional curved surface of the bamboo and wood product.

The bamboo and wood products can be various bamboo and wood products, preferably bamboo and wood tableware, such as bamboo and wood soup spoons, knife forks and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1) in the three-dimensional curved surface processing method, only the linear motion in a single direction needs to be controlled, the requirement on a control system is very low, the operation is easy, the errors of manpower and machines are reduced, and the high-precision processing is easy to realize;

2) in the three-dimensional curved surface processing method, the blank of the part to be processed can complete all the curved surfaces to be processed only by one linear motion in one working cycle, and the processing efficiency is particularly high;

3) in the three-dimensional curved surface processing method of the present invention, the calculation of the shape of the cutting edge of the cutting tool and the calculation of the shape of the characteristic profile curve of the cam are both relatively simple and can be realized without complicated calculation.

4) The three-dimensional curved surface processing device has a simple structure, can complete the task of a production line by one device, and has low hardware and labor cost.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a target machined surface.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of curves formed by a translational scan

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lifting track of the cutting edge in the Z-axis direction.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the target part.

FIG. 7 is a top view of a target part.

Fig. 8 is a side view of the target part.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a cutting tool 1 comprising a cutting portion having a cutting edge with the same shape as a characteristic curve on a target processing curved surface, the target processing curved surface being a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by subjecting the characteristic curve to translational scanning in a sweep direction, the characteristic curve being determined by: taking the horizontal scanning direction as the X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to the YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projecting and gathering each intersecting line on the XOY plane, and taking the intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment (namely, the straight segment with the largest length) as a characteristic curve;

the clamp 3 is used for clamping the part blank 2 to be processed, so that the part blank 2 to be processed is fixed on the clamp 3, and the area to be processed of the part blank 2 to be processed is arranged below the cutting edge of the cutting tool 1;

the feeding mechanism (not shown in fig. 1) is connected with the clamp 3 and is used for realizing transmission of the clamp 3 in the X-axis direction so as to realize feeding motion of the part blank 2 to be processed in the X-axis direction;

the cam mechanism comprises a roller 5 and a fixed cam 4, wherein the shape of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4 and the shape of an outer profile line presented by the projection of the target processing curved surface on the XOZ surface are mirror images of each other, which are vertically symmetrical (namely, the outer profile line presented by the projection of the target processing curved surface on the XOZ surface is rotated by 180 degrees to obtain the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4), and the direction of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4 from a starting end A to a terminating end B is consistent with the advancing direction (X-axis positive direction in figure 1) of the part blank 2 to be processed towards the cutting tool 1; the roller 5 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate of the clamp 3, and the roller 5 is matched with the cam 4 (or the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4), so that the roller 5 moves from the starting end A to the ending end B along the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4 in the feeding process of the clamp 3 along the X-axis direction;

the YOZ plane is a plane formed by the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and is a projection plane of a front view of the target processing curved surface; the XOY surface is a plane formed by the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction and is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; the XOZ plane is a plane formed by the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and is a projection plane of a side view of the target machined curved surface.

The working principle of the three-dimensional curved surface processing device is as follows:

the feeding mechanism drives the blank 2 of the part to be processed to make unidirectional feeding motion along the X-axis direction towards the cutting tool 3, the cam 4 is fixed, the roller 5 starts to move along the specific curve profile of the cam 4 from the starting end A of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, and when the roller 5 moves to different positions of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, the position of the blank 2 of the part to be processed in the Z-axis direction can also change, namely, the blank 2 of the part to be processed generates displacement along the Z-axis direction relative to the cutting tool 3. One machining cycle is completed until the roller 5 moves to the end B of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4.

Meanwhile, a cutting edge with the same shape as the specific curve on the target processing curved surface is used for processing a curve with the same shape as the specific curve on the target processing curved surface on the part blank 2 to be processed; furthermore, as the part blank 2 to be machined moves in the X-axis direction, the cutting tool 1 moves passively in the Z-axis direction, and the contact position of the cutting edge of the cutting tool 1 with the part blank 2 to be machined changes continuously, a series of curves are smoothly machined, each of which can be regarded as a part or all of a section taken from a specific curve, and therefore, the curves have the same shape, but the lengths of straight line segments obtained by projection and collection on the XOY plane are different. Along with the movement of the part blank 2 to be machined in the X-axis direction, the roller 5 moves from the starting end A to the ending end B along the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, the series of curves are machined on the part blank 2 to be machined in the X-axis direction, and finally a target machining curved surface is formed, so that the machining of the three-dimensional complex curved surface is completed.

Therefore, the three-dimensional curved surface can be machined by only operating the part blank 2 to be machined and the clamp 3 thereof to move towards the cutting tool 1 in the X-axis direction. In the device, due to the matching of the cam 4 and the roller 5, when the part blank 2 to be processed does unidirectional feeding motion along the X-axis direction, the part blank 2 to be processed automatically and simultaneously moves vertical to the feeding direction, and displacement is generated in the Z-axis direction; in the above device, since the cutting tool 1 has the cutting edge having the same shape as the specific curved shape on the target processing curved surface, the curved line of the cutting edge processed on the part blank 2 to be processed is the same as the specific curved shape on the target processing curved surface, and the contact position between the cutting tool 1 and the part blank 2 to be processed is changed continuously along with the movement of the part blank 2 to be processed in the Z-axis direction, a series of curved lines having the same shape are processed on the part blank 2 to be processed, and the target processing curved surface is finally formed, so that all different parts of the part blank 2 to be processed can be efficiently processed by the cutting tool 1 in one linear movement process, and the target part can be obtained.

The characteristic curve of the target processing curved surface may be a curve of an arbitrary shape.

The cutting tool 1 may be a stationary type forming tool as shown in fig. 1, or may be a rotary cutter head having a plurality of cutting edges.

The cam 4 may be a movable cam or a rotary cam.

The movable cam may be a plate cam (as shown in fig. 1) or other conventional movable cam.

The rotary cam can be a disc cam, and can also be other common rotary cams.

The roller 5 may be hung under the bottom of the bottom plate of the jig 3 or may be embedded in the bottom of the bottom plate of the jig 3.

The roller 5 is here realized as a cam follower in cooperation with the cam 4, and can therefore also be replaced by other conventional roller followers or pointed followers.

In order to better understand the working principle of the three-dimensional curved surface processing device, the following description will take a specific target curved surface to be processed as an example, and the process of processing the three-dimensional curved surface will be described in detail.

The curved surface shown in fig. 2 is targeted for processing. For ease of illustration, only a portion of the target machined surface is shown in FIG. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, the target processing curved surface can be decomposed into several adjacent sub-curves along the X-axis direction, and the sub-curves have the same shape.

The specific decomposition method may be a cross-sectional method shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, a set of intersecting lines (i.e., the sub-curves) obtained by cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction with a set of planes parallel to the YOZ plane are identical in shape, but different in length of straight line segments obtained by projection and collection on the XOY plane. If the intercept corresponding to the longest straight line segment is selected as the characteristic curve, then each of these intercepts, except for the characteristic curve itself, can be considered as a portion intercepted from the characteristic curve.

Therefore, the target processing curved surface can be regarded as a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by performing translation scanning on the characteristic curve along the X-axis direction, and an exploded schematic view of each curve formed by the translation scanning is shown in fig. 4, wherein the X-axis direction is the translation scanning direction.

For convenience of illustration, the characteristic curve of the target processing curved surface in fig. 2 to 4 is an arc, and actually, the characteristic curve may be any curve, and the target processing curved surface may be a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by performing translation scanning on a characteristic curve of any shape along the flat scanning direction.

Further, a spoon is selected as a target part, and a target machining curved surface shown in fig. 2 is taken as a curved surface of a spoon head in the target part. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the target part. And taking the X-axis direction as a projection direction, and projecting on a YOZ surface to obtain a front view of the target part (a target processing curved surface). Then, a top view of the target part (target processing curved surface) is obtained by projection on the XOY plane, and as shown in fig. 7, the projection direction is the Z-axis direction; a side view of the target part (target machined curved surface) is obtained by projection on the XOZ plane, and as shown in fig. 8, the projection direction is the Y-axis direction.

A method for processing a three-dimensional curved surface (the target processing curved surface) on a part blank 2 to be processed to obtain a target part is a three-dimensional curved surface processing method including the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: after the target processing curved surface is determined, the target processing curved surface is regarded as a three-dimensional curved surface obtained by performing translation scanning on a characteristic curve along a flat scanning direction, and the characteristic curve is determined in the following way: taking the horizontal scanning direction as the X-axis direction, cutting the target processing curved surface at different positions in the X-axis direction by using a group of planes parallel to the YOZ plane to obtain a group of intersecting lines, comparing straight segments obtained by projecting and gathering all the intersecting lines on the XOY plane, and taking the intersecting line corresponding to the longest straight segment (the straightness with the largest length) as a characteristic curve;

step two: the shape of the characteristic curve is used as the shape of the cutting edge of the cutting part of the cutting tool 1 to prepare the cutting tool 1;

step three: determining the shape of an outer contour line projected on an XOZ surface by the target processing curved surface, and taking a curve obtained by rotating the target processing curved surface by 180 degrees as the shape of a characteristic contour curve of the cam to obtain the cam 4, wherein the characteristic contour curve of the cam 4 extends from a starting end A to a terminating end B;

step four: clamping a part blank 2 to be processed on a clamp 3; mounting the cutting tool 1 in a position such that a region to be machined of the blank 2 of the part to be machined is placed under and in contact with (abuts against) the cutting edge of the cutting tool 1; the cam 4 is positioned in a position such that the cam 4 (or the characteristic profile of the cam 4) cooperates with a roller 5 mounted at the bottom of the base plate of the gripper 3: the roller 5 is contacted (abutted) with the starting end A of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, the direction of the characteristic profile curve of the cam from the starting end A to the ending end B is consistent with the advancing direction (X-axis positive direction in figure 1) of the machined part blank 2 to the cutting tool 1, and the motion track of the roller 5 is consistent with the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4;

step five: and starting a feeding mechanism connected with the clamp 3, so that the clamp 3 and the part blank 2 to be processed move forwards along the X-axis direction at a certain feeding speed, correspondingly, the roller 5 moves from the starting end A to the ending end B along the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, and when the roller 5 is in contact (butt joint) with the ending end B of the characteristic profile curve of the cam 4, completing one processing cycle to obtain the target part with the target processing curved surface.

The YOZ surface is a projection surface of a front view of the target processing curved surface, and the XOY surface is a projection surface of a top view of the target processing curved surface; and the XOZ surface is a projection surface of a side view of the target processing curved surface.

And taking down the target part on the blanking station, returning to the loading station, reloading and carrying out the next processing cycle.

In the three-dimensional curved surface processing method, the target processing curved surface is decomposed into a plurality of adjacent sub-curves along the X-axis direction, the shape of a characteristic curve is selected as the shape of a cutting edge of a cutting tool, an outer contour line projected on the XOZ surface of the target processing curved surface rotates 180 degrees to be used as the shape of the characteristic contour curve of a cam, a region to be processed of a blank of a part to be processed is placed under the cutting edge of the cutting tool and is in contact (butt joint) with the cutting edge, a roller fixedly arranged at the bottom of a clamp is in contact (butt joint) with the initial end of the characteristic contour curve of the cam, a feeding mechanism is controlled to drive the blank of the part to be processed and the clamp to move towards the cutting tool along the X-axis direction, the cutting tool (the cutting edge) moves up and down along a track shown by a dotted line in figure 5, a series of sub-curves with the same shape are processed at different contact positions (different displacements, finally forming the target processing curved surface.

Therefore, in the three-dimensional curved surface processing method, only the linear motion in a single direction needs to be controlled, the requirement on a control system is very low, the operation is easy, the errors of manpower and machines are reduced, and the high-precision processing is easy to realize; in addition, the blank of the part to be machined can complete all the machined curved surfaces only by one-time linear motion in one working cycle, and the machining efficiency is particularly high; in addition, the calculation of the shape of the cutting edge of the cutting tool and the calculation of the shape of the characteristic profile curve of the cam are both relatively simple and can be realized without complicated calculation. In addition, the three-dimensional curved surface processing device is simple in structure, so that one piece of equipment can complete the task of one production line, and the hardware and labor cost is low.

Due to the fiber characteristics of bamboo and wood materials, when the bamboo and wood curved surfaces are machined by using a traditional machine tool, phenomena such as wire explosion, cracking and the like are easy to occur, the risk of defective products is increased, and the curved surfaces of bamboo and wood products have to be machined by using a grinding method. But the precision is not easy to control and the production efficiency is extremely low when the processing is carried out by a grinding method. Moreover, most bamboo and wood products are processed by small and medium-sized factories on low-profit large-batch parts, and the cost of a modern numerical control processing mode is too high to bear. In contrast, the three-dimensional curved surface processing device and method provided by the invention do not need complex electric control equipment and numerical control processing means, are low in cost, high in processing efficiency, simple in implementation mode and convenient in equipment maintenance, are particularly suitable for processing the three-dimensional curved surfaces of bamboo and wood products, and are particularly suitable for efficiently processing the curved surfaces of bamboo and wood soup spoons, knife forks and the like.

It will thus be seen that the objects of the invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the embodiments may be modified without departing from the principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.