阅读说明：本技术 一种耐水高稳型腻子粉 (Waterproof high-stability putty powder ) 是由 陈晨 于 2020-04-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种耐水高稳型腻子粉,属于建筑材料技术领域。本发明对磷石膏进行研磨细化处理,再与正硅酸乙酯、钛酸四丁酯、三甲基氯硅烷等共混,提升组分间的相容性,而硅酸根离子的渗入,能够与本腻子粉所含钙离子作用生成硅酸钙,填补了孔隙,提高了腻子粉结构的致密性,并通过Si-OH结构单元与组分内部含有的钙镁离子作用,能够在提高耐水性的同时,能够避免涂层发生龟裂、发霉。本发明以大蕉淀粉、沸石的等成分在有机试剂的作用下,进行巯基化改性,能够便于在共混过程中,提高内部的结合强度,并具有抗氧化效果,以调节剂调节体系内部的粘性,提高耐水防裂效果。本发明解决了目前常用腻子粉的耐水性差,易导致涂层龟裂、发霉的问题。(The invention discloses a waterproof high-stability putty powder, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The phosphogypsum is ground and refined, and then is blended with ethyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl titanate, trimethylchlorosilane and the like, so that the compatibility among components is improved, silicate ions permeate into the putty powder, the calcium silicate can be generated by the action of the silicate ions and calcium ions contained in the putty powder, the pores are filled, the compactness of the putty powder structure is improved, and the cracking and the mildewing of a coating can be avoided while the water resistance is improved through the action of a Si-OH structure unit and the calcium and magnesium ions contained in the components. According to the invention, the canna starch, zeolite and other components are subjected to sulfhydrylation modification under the action of an organic reagent, so that the internal bonding strength can be conveniently improved in the blending process, and the anti-oxidation effect is achieved, the viscosity in the system is adjusted by the regulator, and the water-resistant and anti-cracking effect is improved. The invention solves the problems that the conventional common putty powder has poor water resistance and is easy to cause cracking and mildewing of a coating.)

1. The waterproof high-stability putty powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15~25 parts of talcum powder, 5~8 parts of ash calcium, 2~5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 0.1~0.3 part of titanium white, 2~5 parts of emulsifier, and its characterized in that still includes: 35-55 parts of composite putty powder base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.

2. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the composite putty powder base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the weight ratio of 8-15: 1-3, grinding and sieving phosphogypsum and castor oil to obtain refined particles, mixing 6-10 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-6 parts by weight of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts by weight of trimethylchlorosilane and 30-50 parts by weight of ethanol solution, stirring at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 accounting for 4-8% of the mass of p-toluenesulfonic acid and refined particles accounting for 2-4 times of the mass of p-toluenesulfonic acid, mixing and stirring, standing at room temperature, filtering, collecting filter cakes, drying to obtain a phosphogypsum treatment material, mixing and stirring 20-40 parts by weight of pretreated diatomite, 10-15 parts by weight of phosphogypsum treatment material, 2-5 parts by weight of additive, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of sodium bentonite and 45-60 parts by weight of water, and vacuumizing and concentrating to obtain a concentrated material;

(2) according to the mass ratio of 8-13: 5: 0.1, mixing and ball-milling the concentrated material, the pig bone powder and the shrimp shell to obtain a ball grinding material, wherein the ball grinding material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1: and 5-8, adding the impregnation liquid, mixing, introducing mixed gas, pressurizing to 2.6-4.2 MPa, heating to 55-70 ℃, preserving heat and pressure, relieving pressure, discharging, and evaporating at 60-75 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain the composite putty powder base material.

3. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pre-treated diatomite obtained in the step (1): taking diatomite according to the mass ratio of 12-20: 5: adding hydroxyapatite and NH into the mixture of 40 to 60 percent₄And mixing and stirring the Cl solution, filtering, collecting filter residues and drying to obtain the pretreated diatomite.

4. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additive in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1 mixing guar gum and sodium polyacrylate to obtain the additive.

5. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mixed gas in the step (2): according to the volume ratio of 2-5: 1 is composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and then mixed gas is obtained.

6. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 6, wherein the impregnating solution comprises: according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.1-0.3: and 6-10, mixing urea, casein and sodium bicarbonate solution to obtain the impregnation liquid.

7. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation of the composite auxiliary material in the step (2) comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-13 mixing plantain starch and an ethanol solution, adjusting pH, stirring to obtain a mixed material, crushing and sieving zeolite, and collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 12-20, adding a reagent, mixing, stirring at 30-45 ℃, adding a regulator accounting for 10-15% of the mass of the reagent, mixing, keeping the temperature and stirring at 100-120 ℃, cooling, filtering, collecting filter residues, and drying to obtain the composite auxiliary material.

8. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as recited in claim 7, wherein the adjusting agent: according to the mass ratio of 4-7: 1, mixing polyethylene wax and magnesium stearate to obtain the regulator.

9. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as recited in claim 7, wherein the ratio of the reagent: according to the mass ratio of 2-4: 1, mixing dimethylformamide and thioglycollic acid to obtain the reagent.

10. The water-resistant high-stability putty powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emulsifier: according to the mass ratio of 3: and 1-2, mixing OP-10 and sodium fatty alcohol polyether sulfate to obtain the emulsifier.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to waterproof and high-stability putty powder.

Background

The putty powder is one kind of building decoration material and has talcum powder and glue as main components. The white putty layer on the surface of the just purchased blank house is white, and the whiteness of the putty is over 90, and the fineness of the putty is over 330.

The putty is a base material for repairing and leveling the wall surface, and lays a good foundation for the next step of decoration (painting and wallpaper pasting). The putty is divided into an inner wall and an outer wall, and the putty for the outer wall has large adhesiveness, high strength and slightly low environmental protection index because the putty for the outer wall resists wind, wind and sun. The interior wall putty has better comprehensive index, is healthy and environment-friendly, so the interior wall is not externally used, and the exterior wall is not internally used. Typically, the putty is gypsum or cement based so that the surface roughness is easier to bond firmly. However, during construction, a layer of interface agent is coated on the base layer to seal the base layer and improve the adhesion of the wall surface, so that the putty can be better bonded on the base surface.

The putty is generally composed of base material, filler, water and assistant. The base material, also called adhesive, is the most key component of the putty and mainly plays various roles of adhesion and the like. The most common binders used in putties are cement and organic polymers, which are also classified as emulsions and emulsion powders. Cement is a good, durable and cost-effective binder, but has poor tensile strength and crack resistance. The organic polymer can modify and toughen the putty, thereby improving the performance of the putty.

The filler mainly plays a filling role and is commonly used by calcium carbonate, talcum powder, quartz sand and the like. Attention should be paid to the use of the fineness of the filler. The auxiliary agent comprises a thickening agent, a water-retaining agent and the like. Thickeners and water retention agents act to retain water and improve storage and workability, and cellulose is generally used. The antifreezing agent is mainly used for improving the storage stability of the putty at low temperature, and the slip agent, the water reducing agent and the like are generally used in high-grade putty to improve the construction performance of the putty. And fiber is added into the fiber to play a role in cracking resistance.

The existing flexible putty powder for external walls is mostly prepared by mixing heavy calcium carbonate, white cement, organic additives and the like, and is mainly used as a leveling material for the external wall surfaces. The quality of exterior wall putty directly influences the decoration and durability of a coating veneer, exterior wall putty or interior wall putty with poor service performance is used externally, and finally, wall surface falling, hollowing and cracking occur soon after the project is delivered and used, and a local or large-area coating loses the original decoration and protection functions, so that the normal use of a building is seriously influenced. The quality requirements of the exterior wall putty in the building engineering are mainly reflected on the indexes of bonding strength, initial cracking resistance, dynamic cracking resistance and the like, and the bonding strength is one of important technical indexes. In the construction, the putty is often incapable of being normally attached to the surface of a wall body due to poor quality of putty products, so that the surface layer of the putty is pulverized or falls off, even peels, and a foaming mark is left after drying. The existing building waterproof material and the existing heat insulation material have single performance, are waterproof, do not preserve heat, are heat-preserving and waterproof, can not be combined with a wall body into a whole for some times, have poor strength and applicability and have high cost.

The putty is a matched material in the coating process of the building coating and is indispensable. The putty is under the coating, and its main function is that level and smooth the wall and play the adhesive action between wall basic unit and coating, can also prevent the phenomenon that the wall skinned simultaneously, splits, drops, only has good plasticity, rheology, affinity, compressive property, wear resistance and good antiseep and thermal-insulated heat preservation performance, can guarantee construction quality. However, the traditional putty powder has low bonding strength and poor water resistance, and has the defects of cracking, peeling, falling, mildew and the like of a coating.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: aiming at the problems that the conventional common putty powder has poor water resistance and easily causes cracking and mildewing of a coating, the waterproof high-stability putty powder is provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a waterproof high-stability putty powder comprises the following components: 15-25 parts of talcum powder, 5-8 parts of ash calcium, 2-5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 0.1-0.3 part of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of emulsifier, 35-55 parts of composite putty powder base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.

The preparation method of the composite putty powder base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the weight ratio of 8-15: 1-3, grinding and sieving phosphogypsum and castor oil to obtain refined particles, mixing 6-10 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-6 parts by weight of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts by weight of trimethylchlorosilane and 30-50 parts by weight of ethanol solution, stirring at the temperature of 40-55 ℃, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 accounting for 4-8% of the mass of p-toluenesulfonic acid and refined particles accounting for 2-4 times of the mass of p-toluenesulfonic acid, mixing and stirring, standing at room temperature, filtering, collecting filter cakes, drying to obtain a phosphogypsum treatment material, mixing and stirring 20-40 parts by weight of pretreated diatomite, 10-15 parts by weight of phosphogypsum treatment material, 2-5 parts by weight of additive, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of sodium bentonite and 45-60 parts by weight of water, and vacuumizing and concentrating to obtain a concentrated material;

(2) according to the mass ratio of 8-13: 5: 0.1, mixing and ball-milling the concentrated material, the pig bone powder and the shrimp shell to obtain a ball grinding material, wherein the ball grinding material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1: and 5-8, adding the impregnation liquid, mixing, introducing mixed gas, pressurizing to 2.6-4.2 MPa, heating to 55-70 ℃, preserving heat and pressure, relieving pressure, discharging, and evaporating at 60-75 ℃ under reduced pressure to obtain the composite putty powder base material.

The pretreatment diatomite in the step (1) comprises the following steps: taking diatomite according to the mass ratio of 12-20: 5: adding hydroxyapatite and NH into the mixture of 40 to 60 percent₄And mixing and stirring the Cl solution, filtering, collecting filter residues and drying to obtain the pretreated diatomite.

The additive in the step (1): according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1 mixing guar gum and sodium polyacrylate to obtain the additive.

The mixed gas in the step (2): according to the volume ratio of 2-5: 1 is composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and then mixed gas is obtained.

The impregnation liquid comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.1-0.3: and 6-10, mixing urea, casein and sodium bicarbonate solution to obtain the impregnation liquid.

The preparation of the composite auxiliary material in the step (2) comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-13 mixing plantain starch and an ethanol solution, adjusting pH, stirring to obtain a mixed material, crushing and sieving zeolite, and collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 1: 12-20, adding a reagent, mixing, stirring at 30-45 ℃, adding a regulator accounting for 10-15% of the mass of the reagent, mixing, keeping the temperature and stirring at 100-120 ℃, cooling, filtering, collecting filter residues, and drying to obtain the composite auxiliary material.

The regulator is: according to the mass ratio of 4-7: 1, mixing polyethylene wax and magnesium stearate to obtain the regulator.

The reagent is as follows: according to the mass ratio of 2-4: 1, mixing dimethylformamide and thioglycollic acid to obtain the reagent.

The emulsifier is as follows: according to the mass ratio of 3: and 1-2, mixing OP-10 and sodium fatty alcohol polyether sulfate to obtain the emulsifier.

Compared with other methods, the method has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the phosphogypsum is ground and refined, then is mixed with tetraethoxysilane, tetrabutyl titanate, trimethylchlorosilane and the like, and is decomposed under the action of solvent heat to generate silicate ions, a small amount of silicon dioxide provides reinforcement, and titanium dioxide shows a larger polarity effect of a Ti-O bond, so that water adsorbed on the surface can be dissociated due to polarization, hydroxyl groups are easily formed, and the TiO content can be improved₂The addition of the silane coupling agent can also assist in activation modification, so that the compatibility among the components is improved, silicate ions penetrate into the putty powder, and can react with calcium ions contained in the putty powder to generate calcium silicate, so that pores are filled, the compactness of the putty powder structure is improved, and a stable complex is formed through the action of a Si-OH structural unit and calcium and magnesium ions contained in the components, so that the surface is inerted, and the cracking and the mildewing of a coating can be avoided while the water resistance is improved;

(2) the invention adopts diatomite, hydroxyapatite and ammonium chloride solution to mix, in the process, the components of ammonium chloride and hydroxyapatite can be absorbed by diatomite to form doping in different layers, and in the drying process, the ammonium chloride can be heated to generate ammonia gas and hydrogen chloride, partial acidification treatment gaps can be formed while partial holes are opened, the interaction with other components is improved, and the large volume expansion of sodium-based bentonite when meeting water can also provide certain extrusion and ion exchange functions, thereby being convenient for improving the internal stability of the putty powder, the pig bone meal and shrimp shells are adopted for ball milling, and impregnation and high-pressure treatment are carried out, so that the urea is decomposed into carbon dioxide and ammonia gas, the surface of the putty powder is in a loose and porous shape, has the water absorption of aggregate, and the number of oxygen-containing active groups on the surface of the putty powder can be obviously increased, the invention improves the surface activity, and the shrimp shell can dissolve out components such as chitin and the like to provide the anti-oxidation and anti-bacterial effects, and the components such as plantain starch, zeolite and the like are subjected to sulfhydrylation modification under the action of an organic reagent, so that hydrogen bonds can be conveniently generated under the action of amino groups, hydroxyl groups and other groups in the components in the blending process, the internal bonding strength is improved, and the anti-oxidation effect is achieved, so that the viscosity in the system is adjusted by the regulator, and the water-resistant and anti-cracking effect is improved;

(3) the invention aims at the problems that the conventional putty powder has poor water resistance and is easy to cause cracking and mildewing of a coating, has obvious improvement effect and has good application prospect.

Detailed Description

Additive: according to the mass ratio of 3-7: 1 mixing guar gum and sodium polyacrylate to obtain the additive.

Pretreating diatomite: taking diatomite according to the mass ratio of 12-20: 5: adding hydroxyapatite and 12% NH into the mixture at a mass fraction of 40-60%₄And mixing and stirring the Cl solution for 35-60 min, filtering, collecting filter residues, and drying in an oven at 75-90 ℃ to obtain the pretreated diatomite.

Impregnating solution: according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.1-0.3: and 6-10, mixing urea, casein and a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 20% to obtain an impregnation liquid.

Mixed gas: according to the volume ratio of 2-5: 1 is composed of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and then mixed gas is obtained.

A regulator: according to the mass ratio of 4-7: 1, mixing polyethylene wax and magnesium stearate to obtain the regulator.

Reagent: according to the mass ratio of 2-4: 1, mixing dimethylformamide and thioglycollic acid to obtain the reagent.

Emulsifier: according to the mass ratio of 3: and 1-2, mixing OP-10 and sodium fatty alcohol polyether sulfate to obtain the emulsifier.

The preparation method of the composite putty powder base material comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the weight ratio of 8-15: 1-3 grinding phosphogypsum and castor oil in a grinding machine for 1-2 h, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain refined particles, mixing 6-10 parts by weight of p-toluenesulfonic acid, 4-8 parts by weight of ethyl orthosilicate, 3-6 parts by weight of tetrabutyl titanate, 1-3 parts by weight of trimethylchlorosilane and 30-50 parts by weight of ethanol solution with the volume fraction of 70%, stirring at 40-55 ℃ for 30-50 min while keeping the temperature, adding a silane coupling agent KH-550 with the mass of 4-8% of p-toluenesulfonic acid and refined particles with the mass of 2-4 times of p-toluenesulfonic acid, mixing and stirring for 25-50 min, standing at room temperature for 30-50 min, filtering, collecting filter cakes, drying at 90-100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a phosphogypsum treatment material, mixing 20-40 parts by weight of pretreated diatomite, 10-15 parts by weight of phosphogypsum treatment material, 2-5 parts by weight of additive, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of sodium bentonite and 45-60 parts by weight of water in a reaction kettle, magnetically stirring for 30-55 min at a speed of 400-700 r/min, and vacuumizing and concentrating to constant weight to obtain a concentrated material;

(2) according to the mass ratio of 8-13: 5: 0.1, mixing the concentrated material, the pig bone powder sieved by a 60-mesh sieve and the shrimp shell in a ball milling tank, and ball milling for 2-4 hours at the speed of 350-550 r/min to obtain a ball grinding material, wherein the ball grinding material is obtained according to the mass ratio of 1: and 5-8, adding the impregnation liquid into an autoclave, mixing, introducing mixed gas, pressurizing to 2.6-4.2 MPa, heating to 55-70 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 12-25 min, relieving the pressure to the normal pressure, discharging, and performing reduced pressure evaporation at 60-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the composite putty powder base material.

Preparing a composite auxiliary material: according to the mass ratio of 1: 7-13, mixing plantain starch and 65% by volume of ethanol solution, adding 15% by mass of NaOH solution to adjust the pH value to 7.3-7.7, magnetically stirring for 40-60 min at a speed of 400-700 r/min to obtain a mixed material, crushing zeolite in a crusher, sieving the crushed zeolite with an 80-mesh sieve, and collecting sieved particles according to a mass ratio of 1: adding a reagent into the mixture 12-20, mixing the mixture at 30-45 ℃, stirring the mixture for 35-55 min at a speed of 350-550 r/min, adding a regulator accounting for 10-15% of the mass of the reagent, mixing the mixture, keeping the temperature at 100-120 ℃, stirring the mixture for 40-60 min at a speed of 500-800 r/min, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature, filtering the mixture, collecting filter residues, and drying the filter residues in an oven at a temperature of 65-80 ℃ for 6-10 h to obtain the composite auxiliary material.

The waterproof high-stability putty powder comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of talcum powder, 5-8 parts of ash calcium, 2-5 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 0.1-0.3 part of titanium dioxide, 2-5 parts of emulsifier, 35-55 parts of composite putty powder base material and 12-20 parts of composite auxiliary material.