阅读说明：本技术 一种木材过热蒸汽干燥及热处理的一体化装置及使用方法 (Wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment integrated device and use method ) 是由 郝晓峰 李贤军 徐康 李霞镇 杨喜 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种木材过热蒸汽干燥及热处理的一体化装置,包括窑体、风机组件、加热器组件、喷蒸组件和隔板,所述窑体内设有多个间隔设置的木材干燥区,多个所述加热器组件设置于木材干燥区的上方,多个所述风机组件位于相邻木材干燥区之间空隙的上方且所述风机组件的出风口朝向加热器组件,所述隔板水平设置于在木材干燥区和加热器组件之间,所述隔板两侧与窑体的两侧壁间隔设置且所述隔板两侧设有向下倾斜设置的导流板,所述窑体顶部两侧设有排气口,所述喷蒸组件设置于排气口和木材干燥区之间,本发明具有传热均匀、节约成本的优点。(The invention discloses an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment, which comprises a kiln body, a fan assembly, a heater assembly, a steam injection assembly and a partition plate, wherein a plurality of wood drying areas arranged at intervals are arranged in the kiln body, the heater assemblies are arranged above the wood drying areas, the fan assemblies are positioned above gaps between adjacent wood drying areas, air outlets of the fan assemblies face the heater assemblies, the partition plate is horizontally arranged between the wood drying areas and the heater assemblies, two sides of the partition plate and two side walls of the kiln body are arranged at intervals, guide plates arranged in a downward inclination mode are arranged on two sides of the partition plate, two sides of the top of the kiln body are provided with air outlets, and the steam injection assembly is arranged between the air outlets and the wood drying areas.)

1. The utility model provides a dry and thermal treatment's integrated device of timber superheated steam, includes kiln body (1), fan subassembly (3), heater module (4), evaporates subassembly (5) and baffle (12), its characterized in that: be equipped with timber drying district (11) that a plurality of intervals set up in the kiln body (1), it is a plurality of heater module (4) set up in the top of timber drying district (11), it is a plurality of fan subassembly (3) are located the top in space between adjacent timber drying district (11) just the air outlet of fan subassembly (3) is towards heater module (4), baffle (12) level sets up between timber drying district (11) and heater module (4), baffle (12) both sides and the both sides wall interval of the kiln body (1) set up just baffle (12) both sides are equipped with guide plate (10) that the downward sloping set up, kiln body (1) top both sides are equipped with gas vent (2), it sets up between gas vent (2) and timber drying district (11) to spout steaming assembly (5).

2. The integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a steam generator (6) is arranged at the bottom of the kiln body (1).

3. The integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the integrated device further comprises a waste heat recovery device (8), and the exhaust port (2) is communicated with the waste heat recovery device (8).

4. The integrated apparatus of claim 3, wherein: waste heat recovery device (8) include outer main part (81), serpentine heat exchanger (82), cooling water outlet end (83), tail gas outlet end (84), cooling water inlet end (85) and tail gas inlet end (86), serpentine heat exchanger (82) are located outer main part (81), outer main part (81) upper portion is equipped with tail gas inlet end (86) and cooling water outlet end (83), outer main part (81) lower part is equipped with, cooling water inlet end (85) and tail gas outlet end (84), the both ends of serpentine heat exchanger (82) are linked together with tail gas outlet end (84) and tail gas inlet end (86) respectively.

5. The integrated apparatus of claim 3, wherein: and an exhaust valve (13) is arranged on a pipeline between the exhaust port (2) and the waste heat recovery device (8).

6. The integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the bottom in the kiln body (1) is provided with a slide rail (7) which is convenient for the wood to enter and exit the wood drying area (11).

7. The use method of the integrated device for drying and heat treatment of wood by superheated steam is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, stacking the wood in a wood drying area (11) of the kiln body (1);

s2, starting a fan assembly (3) and a heater assembly (4), drying and preheating wood, heating to 80-90 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, starting and closing a steam spraying assembly (5) according to a preset time interval to enable the humidity in a kiln body (1) to be in a saturated state and the wood to be fully heated, starting a steam generator (6), an exhaust valve (13) and a waste heat recovery device (8), when steam generated by the steam generator (6) evacuates air in the kiln body (1), and when a medium in the kiln body (1) is saturated steam, closing the steam generator (6); continuously heating to 102-110 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and opening and closing the steam injection assembly (5) according to a preset time interval so that the humidity in the kiln body (1) is more than 98% and the temperature inside the wood is uniformly distributed;

s3, heating to 110-120 ℃, preserving heat for 6-8 hours, drying the wood, wherein the steam pressure in the kiln body (1) is 0.1MP, when the temperature of the core part of the wood reaches 103-110 ℃, heating the temperature in the kiln body (1) to 120-160 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/h, and preserving heat until the water content of the wood reaches a preset value;

s4, turning off the heater assembly (4) and cooling the wood;

s5, starting a heater assembly (4), maintaining the temperature in the kiln body (1) to be 80-90 ℃, and starting and closing a steam injection assembly (5) according to a preset requirement to perform high-humidity balance treatment on the wood;

s6, when the deviation of the moisture content between the monitoring points in the kiln body (1) is less than 5%, closing the fan assembly (3) and the heater assembly (4), and when the temperature difference between the wood temperature and the temperature outside the kiln body (1) is not more than 15 ℃, taking out the wood, and closing the waste heat recovery device (8).

8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S2, the temperature rise rate is 15-20 ℃/h before the steam generator (6) is started; the heating rate after the steam generator (6) is started is 20 ℃/h.

9. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step S3, when the preset value of the moisture content of the wood is 10%, the heat preservation temperature is 120-150 ℃;

when the preset value of the moisture content of the wood is 2%, firstly heating to 130 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, continuously heating to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and finally heating to 160 ℃.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the preset value of the water content of the wood is 2%, the method further comprises a heat treatment step after the step S3 and before the step S4, and specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) raising the temperature in the kiln body (1) to 180 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5-10 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 4-8 h.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wood drying and heat treatment, in particular to an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment and a using method thereof.

Background

Superheated steam is obtained by providing additional sensible heat to steam at a given pressure, raising the temperature of the steam above the saturation point. Superheated steam can be applied to directly or indirectly drying materials, eliminates surface hardening, improves energy efficiency, reduces oxidation reaction in an oxygen-free environment, and the like, and is continuously concerned by researchers in the drying field. Research results of Huoxuefeng, Xiongyang, Weyangtao, Li Tijiao, Li Run, Chengyi and the like show that: under a certain treatment temperature, the superheated steam drying can obviously improve the dimensional stability, the elastic modulus and the tensile strength of camphor wood, poplar, masson pine and fir, simultaneously, the color of the wood is not changed, and the dry material quality can reach the secondary standard. Meanwhile, the drying rate can be obviously improved, the drying energy consumption is reduced, and the whole-process drying of the easily dried materials and the latter half-process drying (the water content is lower than 35%) of the difficultly dried materials can be realized. In addition, the superheated steam can also be used as a treatment medium for wood heat treatment, the number of free hydroxyl groups of the wood subjected to heat treatment is greatly reduced, the color is darkened, the hygroscopicity is reduced, the dimensional stability is improved, and the corrosion resistance and the weather resistance of the wood are obviously improved.

At present, wood drying and heat treatment in enterprises are carried out in sequence, and the problems of twice stacking, twice heating, twice cooling, complicated working procedures, long period and the like exist. Traditional drying equipment adopts axial fan, and the great occupation space of fan diameter is great, and thermal treatment equipment then adopts external fan, and the two when heating timber, has the wind speed circulation path length, and the high rear end heat of front end is low scheduling problem, generally adopts the fan to turn around to solve, nevertheless still has the inhomogeneous problem of heat transfer. On the other hand, most of the wood is dried conventionally, and the conventional drying has the problems of long drying period, high energy consumption and unstable quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment, which has uniform heat transfer and saves cost, and a use method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a dry and thermal treatment's integrated device of timber superheated steam, includes the kiln body, fan subassembly, heater subassembly, spouts and evaporates subassembly and baffle, its characterized in that: the kiln is internal to be equipped with the wood drying district that a plurality of intervals set up, it is a plurality of heater unit sets up in the top in wood drying district, and is a plurality of the fan subassembly is located the top in space between the adjacent wood drying district just the air outlet of fan subassembly is towards heater unit, the baffle level sets up between wood drying district and heater unit, the baffle both sides set up just with the both sides wall interval of the kiln body the baffle both sides are equipped with the guide plate that the downward sloping set up, kiln body top both sides are equipped with the gas vent, the jet-steam subassembly sets up between gas vent and wood drying district.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

and a steam generator is arranged at the bottom of the kiln body.

The integrated device further comprises a waste heat recovery device, and the exhaust port is communicated with the waste heat recovery device.

Waste heat recovery device includes outer main part, serpentine heat exchanger, cooling water outlet end, tail gas outlet end, cooling water entry end and tail gas entry end, serpentine heat exchanger is located outer main part, outer main part upper portion is equipped with tail gas entry end and cooling water outlet end, outer main part lower part is equipped with, cooling water entry end and tail gas outlet end, serpentine heat exchanger's both ends are linked together with tail gas outlet end and tail gas entry end respectively.

And an exhaust valve is arranged on a pipeline between the exhaust port and the waste heat recovery device.

The bottom in the kiln body is provided with a slide rail which is convenient for the wood to enter and exit the wood drying area.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention provides a method for using an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment, comprising the steps of:

s1, stacking the wood in a wood drying area of the kiln body;

s2, starting a fan assembly and a heater assembly, drying and preheating wood, heating to 80-90 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, starting and closing a steam injection assembly according to a preset time interval to enable the humidity in the kiln body to be in a saturated state and the wood to be fully heated, starting a steam generator, an exhaust valve and a waste heat recovery device, and when steam generated by the steam generator empties the air in the kiln body, and the medium in the kiln body is saturated steam, closing the steam generator; continuously heating to 102-110 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, and opening and closing the steam injection assembly according to a preset time interval to ensure that the humidity in the kiln body is more than 98% and the temperature inside the wood is uniformly distributed;

s3, heating to 110-120 ℃, preserving heat for 6-8 hours, drying the wood, wherein the steam pressure in the kiln body is 0.1MP, when the temperature of the core part of the wood reaches 103-110 ℃, heating to 120-160 ℃ at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/h, and preserving heat until the water content of the wood reaches a preset value;

s4, turning off the heater assembly, and cooling the wood;

s5, starting a heater assembly, maintaining the temperature in the kiln body to be 80-90 ℃, and starting and closing a steam injection assembly according to a preset requirement to perform high-humidity balance treatment on the wood;

and S6, when the deviation of the water content between the monitoring points in the kiln body is less than 5%, closing the fan assembly and the heater assembly, and when the temperature difference between the wood temperature and the temperature outside the kiln body is not more than 15 ℃, discharging the wood out of the kiln, and closing the waste heat recovery device.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

in the step S2, the heating rate is 15-20 ℃/h before the steam generator is started; the rate of temperature rise after the steam generator was turned on was 20 deg.C/h.

In the step S3, when the preset value of the moisture content of the wood is 10%, the heat preservation temperature is 120-150 ℃;

when the preset value of the moisture content of the wood is 2%, firstly heating to 130 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, continuously heating to 150 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and finally heating to 160 ℃.

When the preset value of the water content of the wood is 2%, the method further comprises a heat treatment step after the step S3 and before the step S4, and specifically comprises the following steps: and raising the temperature in the kiln body to 180 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5-10 ℃/h, and preserving the temperature for 4-8 h.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the integrated device for drying and heat treatment of wood by superheated steam and the use method thereof form bidirectional circulating airflow by utilizing the fan assembly and the guide plate, greatly reduce the length of a medium circulating path, shorten the circulating period, accelerate the medium circulating speed, have small and uniform temperature difference at each part in a kiln body, and solve the problems of large vertical space, non-uniform airflow circulation and the like of the traditional axial flow fan.

2. The invention relates to an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment and a using method thereof.A saturated steam is generated at the bottom of a kiln body, the air in the kiln body is evacuated by utilizing the pressure of the saturated steam, the partial pressure of the steam in the kiln body is about 0.1MPa, the steam is continuously heated under the pressure, the superheated steam is generated under normal pressure, the moisture in the wood is discharged in the form of the steam in the drying process, the pressure in the kiln body is influenced, and the redundant steam can be automatically discharged under the action of the pressure.

3. The invention relates to an integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment and a using method thereof.A kiln body takes superheated steam as a drying or heat treatment medium, so that the sizes of drying or heat treatment parting strips can be the same, and the drying and the temperature rise drying are not required to be performed again after the drying.

4. According to the integrated device for wood superheated steam drying and heat treatment and the using method thereof, the tail gas is saturated steam at 100 ℃, so that the waste heat is large, the waste heat in the tail gas can be recovered by adopting a simple condensation mode (a waste heat recovery device), ventilation is not needed in the whole drying process, only a small amount of exhaust process is needed, the drying energy consumption is greatly reduced, and periodic moisture removal and ventilation are not needed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of the integrated apparatus for drying and heat treatment of superheated steam according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the integrated apparatus for superheated steam drying and heat treatment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the top structure of the integrated apparatus for superheated steam drying and heat treatment according to the present invention.

The reference numerals in the figures denote:

1. a kiln body; 2. an exhaust port; 3. a fan assembly; 4. a heater assembly; 5. a spray steaming assembly; 6. a steam generator; 7. a slide rail; 8. a waste heat recovery device; 81. an outer body; 82. a serpentine heat exchanger; 83. a cooling water outlet end; 84. a tail gas outlet end; 85. a cooling water inlet end; 86. a tail gas inlet end; 9. a kiln door; 10. a baffle; 11. a wood drying zone; 12. a partition plate; 13. and (4) exhausting the valve.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the instruments or materials employed in the present invention are commercially available.