阅读说明：本技术 公铁两用车专用的轨道车轮锻件及其制造方法 (Special rail wheel forging for road-rail vehicle and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 任启华 李新军 纪宝华 许善军 李云瑞 于 2020-05-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了公铁两用车专用的轨道车轮锻件及其制造方法,它由车轮通孔锻件构成,车轮通孔锻件的顶面设有上环槽,车轮通孔锻件的底面设有下环槽,车轮通孔锻件的中部设有通孔,通孔的两端都呈喇叭口状。它由以下步骤完成：下料；中频加热；采用1600T双工位伺服油压机上的预制模具墩粗冲孔制成预制坯；采用1600T双工位伺服油压机上的预锻模具锻造成预锻件；采用4000T电动螺旋压力机上的模具将预锻件精锻成车轮通孔锻件。本发明结构简单,容易制作,工艺简单,无连皮,无需冲床的冲孔工序,通孔的两端不存在折叠隐患,省时省力,降低了劳动强度,延长了4000T电动螺旋压力机的模具的使用寿命,降低了企业的生产成本。(The invention discloses a rail wheel forging special for a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle and a manufacturing method thereof. It is completed by the following steps: blanking; intermediate frequency heating; manufacturing a prefabricated blank by upsetting and punching a prefabricated die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press; forging the pre-forging die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press into a pre-forging piece; and (3) precisely forging the pre-forging piece into the wheel through hole forging piece by adopting a die on a 4000T electric screw press. The invention has simple structure, easy manufacture, simple process, no continuous skin, no punching process of a punch press, no hidden folding trouble at two ends of the through hole, time and labor saving, labor intensity reduction, service life prolongation of the die of the 4000T electric screw press and production cost reduction of enterprises.)

1. Dedicated rail wheel forging of combined car, its characterized in that: the wheel through hole forging comprises a wheel through hole forging (12), an upper ring groove (2) is arranged on the top surface of the wheel through hole forging (12), a lower ring groove (3) is arranged on the bottom surface of the wheel through hole forging (12), a through hole (13) is arranged in the middle of the wheel through hole forging (12), the central line of the through hole (13) coincides with the central line of the wheel through hole forging (12), a radial plate is arranged between the upper ring groove (2) and the lower ring groove (3), and two ends of the through hole (13) are in a horn mouth shape.

2. The manufacturing method of the special rail wheel forging for the convertible car for road and railway as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: it is completed by the following steps:

(I) blanking: selecting a bar made of 40CrNiMoA material, selecting cutting weight according to different types of rail wheels, and cutting the bar into blanks by using a circular saw;

(II) intermediate frequency heating: putting the cut blank into a 1250KW medium-frequency induction heating furnace for heating, and heating the blank to 1150 +/-50 ℃;

and (III) upsetting and punching a prefabricated die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press to prepare a prefabricated blank (6): conveying the heated blank to a 1600T double-station servo oil press, wherein a prefabricated die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a prefabricated blank lower die (15), a hydraulic column (14), a prefabricated blank upper die (16) and a punch (17), the hydraulic column (14) is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank lower die (15), the punch (17) is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank upper die (16), the diameters of the punch (17) and the hydraulic column (14) are the same, and the central lines of the punch (17) and the hydraulic column (14) are superposed; the heated blank is placed on the top surfaces of a lower die (15) of the prefabricated blank and a hydraulic column (14), a 1600T double-station servo oil press enables an upper die (16) of the prefabricated blank and a punch (17) to be pressed down synchronously, the heated blank is upset into a cake shape, then the punch (17) and the hydraulic column (14) descend synchronously to punch a straight hole (7), and the prefabricated blank (6) is manufactured;

and (IV) forging the pre-forging die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press into a pre-forging piece (8): placing the prefabricated blank (6) on a pre-forging die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press, the pre-forging die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a pre-forging lower die sleeve (18), a pre-forging retainer plate (29), a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring (19), a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring (20), a pre-forging upper die (21), a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring (22) and a pre-forging through hole support pillar (23), a pre-forging retainer plate (29) is arranged in a die cavity of the pre-forging lower die sleeve (18), a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring (19) and a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring (20) are arranged on the upper end surface of the pre-forging retainer plate (29), a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring (22) and a pre-forging through hole supporting column (23) are arranged on the lower end surface of the pre-forging upper die (21), the pre-forging through hole supporting column (23) is matched with the pre-forging through hole lower convex ring (20), and the upper end of the pre-forging through hole supporting column (23) is in a circular truncated cone shape; placing a prefabricated blank (6) into a die cavity of a pre-forging lower die sleeve (18), pressing a pre-forging upper die (21) downwards, inserting the lower end of a pre-forging through hole supporting column (23) into a straight hole (7) of the prefabricated blank (6), then pressing a pre-forging upper ring groove (9) on the top surface of the prefabricated blank (6) through a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring (22), pressing a pre-forging lower ring groove (10) on the bottom surface of the prefabricated blank (6) through a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring (19), manufacturing the lower end of the straight hole (7) into a bell mouth shape through a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring (20), and manufacturing the upper end of the straight hole (7) into a bell mouth shape through the upper end of the pre-forging through hole supporting column (23) to obtain a;

and (V) precisely forging the pre-forged piece (8) into a wheel through hole forged piece (12) by adopting a die on a 4000T electric screw press: the mould on the 4000T electric screw press comprises a forging lower die sleeve (24), a forging retainer plate (31), a forging lower ring groove forming convex ring (25), a forging through hole lower part convex ring (26), a forging upper die (27), a forging upper ring groove forming convex ring (28) and a forging through hole supporting column (30), wherein the forging retainer plate (31) is arranged in a mould cavity of the forging lower die sleeve (24), the forging lower ring groove forming convex ring (25) and the forging through hole lower part convex ring (26) are arranged on the upper end surface of the forging retainer plate (31), the forging upper ring groove forming convex ring (28) and the forging through hole supporting column (30) are arranged on the lower end surface of the forging upper die (27), the forging through hole supporting column (30) is matched with the forging through hole lower part convex ring (26), and the upper end of the forging through hole supporting column (30) is in a circular truncated; the method comprises the steps that a pre-forged piece (8) is placed in a die cavity of a lower die sleeve (24) of the forged piece, an upper die (27) of the forged piece is pressed downwards by a 4000T electric screw press, the lower end of a through hole supporting column (30) of the forged piece is inserted into a pre-forged through hole (11) of the pre-forged piece (8), an upper ring groove (9) of the pre-forged upper ring groove is pressed and formed into an upper ring groove (2) by a forming convex ring (28) of an upper ring groove of the forged piece, a lower ring groove (10) of the pre-forged lower ring groove is pressed and formed into a lower ring groove (3) by a forming convex ring (25) of a lower ring groove of the forged piece, the lower end of the through hole (11) of the forged piece is shaped, the upper end of the through hole supporting column (30) of the forged piece faces.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an improvement of a production process of a blind hole forged piece of a railway wheel for a road-rail dual-purpose vehicle, in particular to a special railway wheel forged piece for the road-rail dual-purpose vehicle and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The road-rail vehicle is a special tractor capable of running on road and running on track, and is mainly used for track traction and shunting operation. The rail wheel special for the convertible highway/railway vehicle is used as an important walking part and a key safety part of the convertible highway/railway vehicle, and has the functions of bearing, running, guiding and braking of the vehicle during running of the vehicle. At present, the forming method of the rail wheel special for the road-rail vehicle at home and abroad mainly comprises a casting method, a forging-rolling method and a full die forging method. Wherein, the casting method is commonly used for forming the disposable cast steel wheel with small rim thickness and without re-repairing; the forging rolling method is also called a rolling method and is widely applied all over the world, but the forging rolling method has more processes and needs special equipment such as a wheel rolling machine and the like; the wheel produced by the full die forging method has relatively small dimensional tolerance and allowance, so that the metal consumption is reduced, and meanwhile, the number and the working procedures of a machine set are reduced, so that the process flow is simplified, and the quality and the performance of the wheel are higher; the full die forging method comprises the steps of firstly manufacturing a wheel blind hole forge piece, then carrying out a punching process, and finally carrying out heat treatment, finish machining and spraying to obtain a finished product of the rail wheel special for the rail car for road and railway.

The structure of the wheel blind hole forging in the full die forging process is shown in figure 1, the wheel blind hole forging is composed of a wheel blind hole forging body 1, an upper annular groove 2 and an upper blind hole 4 are arranged on the top surface of the wheel blind hole forging body 1, a lower annular groove 3 and a lower blind hole 5 are arranged on the bottom surface of the wheel blind hole forging body 1, the center lines of the upper blind hole 4 and the lower blind hole 5 are overlapped with the center line of the wheel blind hole forging body 1, a radial plate is arranged between the upper annular groove 2 and the lower annular groove 3, a connecting skin is arranged between the upper blind hole 4 and the lower blind hole 5, and the upper blind hole 4 and the lower blind hole 5 are in a horn mouth.

The manufacturing method of the blind hole forging of the wheel is completed by the following steps: (1) and blanking: selecting a bar made of 40CrNiMoA material, selecting cutting weight according to different types of rail wheels, and cutting the bar into blanks by using a circular saw, wherein the blanking weight is controlled to be 39.3 +/-0.05 kg if the rail wheels with the diameter of 10 inches are used; (2) and intermediate frequency heating: putting the cut blank into a 1250KW medium-frequency induction heating furnace for heating, and heating the blank to 1150 +/-50 ℃; (3) upsetting to form a cake shape: conveying the heated blank to a 1600-ton servo oil press, wherein the 1600-ton servo oil press adopts an integral plane upper die and an integral plane lower die to upset into a cake shape; (4) and finish forging to obtain the wheel blind hole forging: and (3) carrying out precision forging by adopting a 4000T electric screw press, wherein a die adopted by the 4000T electric screw press is matched with an upper ring groove 2, a lower ring groove 3, an upper blind hole 4 and a lower blind hole 5 on a blind hole forging body 1 of the wheel shown in the figure 1, and the blind hole forging of the wheel is manufactured after the precision forging.

The traditional method for manufacturing the blind hole forged piece for the wheel has the following defects: the wheel blind hole forging needs to be subjected to subsequent punching processing procedures, the connected skin is integrally punched by adopting a punch, the procedures are complex, time and labor are wasted, the labor intensity is high, tearing is easy to generate during punching, and the yield is reduced; in the process of precisely forging the wheel blind hole forging, the upper blind hole and the lower blind hole have folding hidden troubles, and a die of the 4000T electric screw press is easy to wear and tear and crack, short in service life and capable of improving the production cost of enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rail wheel forging special for a rail car, which is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, free of connecting skins and free of hidden folding troubles at two ends of a through hole.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: this dedicated rail wheel forging of combined highway and railway car, its characterized in that: the wheel through hole forge piece is provided with an upper annular groove on the top surface, a lower annular groove on the bottom surface, a through hole in the middle, a radial plate between the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove, and two ends of the through hole are in a horn mouth shape.

The invention also aims to provide the manufacturing method of the rail wheel forging special for the rail vehicle, which has the advantages of simple process, no punching process of a punch press, time and labor saving, reduced labor intensity, prolonged service life of the die of the 4000T electric screw press and improved utilization rate of forging materials.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the manufacturing method of the special rail wheel forging for the rail-road vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it is completed by the following steps:

(I) blanking: selecting a bar made of 40CrNiMoA material, selecting cutting weight according to different types of rail wheels, and cutting the bar into blanks by using a circular saw;

(II) intermediate frequency heating: putting the cut blank into a 1250KW medium-frequency induction heating furnace for heating, and heating the blank to 1150 +/-50 ℃;

and (III) upsetting and punching a prefabricated die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press to prepare a prefabricated blank: conveying the heated blank to a 1600T double-station servo oil press, wherein a prefabricated die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a prefabricated blank lower die, a hydraulic column, a prefabricated blank upper die and a punch head, the hydraulic column is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank lower die, the punch head is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank upper die, the diameters of the punch head and the hydraulic column are the same, and the center lines of the punch head and the hydraulic column are superposed; placing the heated blank on the top surfaces of a lower die and a hydraulic column of the prefabricated blank, synchronously pressing an upper die and a punch of the prefabricated blank by a 1600T double-station servo oil press to enable the heated blank to be upset into a cake shape, and then synchronously moving the punch and the hydraulic column downwards to punch a straight hole to obtain the prefabricated blank;

(IV) forging the pre-forging die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press into a pre-forging piece: placing a prefabricated blank on a pre-forging die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press, wherein the pre-forging die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a pre-forging lower die sleeve, a pre-forging retainer plate, a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring, a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring, a pre-forging upper die, a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring and a pre-forging through hole supporting column; placing a prefabricated blank into a die cavity of a pre-forging lower die sleeve, pressing a pre-forging upper die downwards, inserting the lower end of a pre-forging through hole supporting column into a straight hole of the prefabricated blank, then pressing a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring on the top surface of the prefabricated blank, pressing a pre-forging lower ring groove on the bottom surface of the prefabricated blank by the pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring, manufacturing the lower end of the straight hole into a bell mouth shape by the pre-forging through hole lower convex ring, and manufacturing the upper end of the straight hole into a bell mouth shape by the upper end of the pre-forging through hole supporting column to obtain a pre-forging piece;

and (V) adopting a die on the 4000T electric screw press to finish forge the pre-forged piece into a wheel through hole forged piece: the mould on the 4000T electric screw press comprises a lower forging die sleeve, a lower forging die holding plate, a lower forging ring groove forming convex ring, a lower forging through hole convex ring, an upper forging die, an upper forging ring groove forming convex ring and a through hole supporting column, wherein the lower forging ring groove forming convex ring and the through hole supporting column are arranged in a die cavity of the lower forging die sleeve; the pre-forging piece is placed in a die cavity of a forging piece lower die sleeve, a 4000T electric screw press enables a forging piece upper die to be pressed downwards, the lower end of a forging piece through hole supporting column is inserted into a pre-forging through hole of the pre-forging piece, a forging piece upper ring groove forming convex ring presses and forms a pre-forging upper ring groove into an upper ring groove, a forging piece lower ring groove forming convex ring presses and forms a pre-forging lower ring groove into a lower ring groove, a forging piece through hole lower convex ring shapes the lower end of the pre-forging through hole, the upper end of the forging piece through hole supporting column shapes the upper end of the pre-forging through hole, and therefore the pre-forging through hole.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: simple structure, easy preparation, simple process does not have even skin, need not the process of punching a hole of punch press, and there is not folding hidden danger at the both ends of through-hole, and labour saving and time saving has reduced intensity of labour, has prolonged the life of 4000T electric screw press's mould, has reduced the manufacturing cost of enterprise.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a blind hole forging for a wheel in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a preform of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a pre-forging of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a wheel through-hole forging of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prefabricated mold of the present invention on a 1600T dual station servo oil press;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-forging die on a 1600T dual station servo oil press of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the die of the 4000T electric screw press of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a wheel blind hole forging body; 2. an upper ring groove; 3. a lower ring groove; 4. an upper blind hole; 5. a lower blind hole; 6. a preform; 7. a straight hole; 8. pre-forging; 9. pre-forging the upper ring groove; 10. pre-forging the lower ring groove; 11. pre-forging the through hole; 12. a wheel through hole forging; 13. a through hole; 14. a hydraulic column; 15. a preform lower die; 16. a preform upper die; 17. a punch; 18. pre-forging a lower die sleeve; 19. pre-forging the lower ring groove to form a convex ring; 20. pre-forging a convex ring at the lower part of the through hole; 21. pre-forging an upper die; 22. pre-forging the upper ring groove to form a convex ring; 23. pre-forging the through hole support column; 24. a forging lower die sleeve; 25. forming a convex ring by using the lower ring groove of the forge piece; 26. a convex ring at the lower part of the through hole of the forging; 27. stamping a forging piece; 28. forming a convex ring by the ring groove on the forging; 29. pre-forging the retainer plate; 30. a support pillar of a through hole of the forging; 31. and a forged piece supporting plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention was made with reference to fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

This dedicated rail wheel forging of combined highway and railway car, as shown in fig. 4, its characterized in that: the wheel through hole forging comprises a wheel through hole forging 12, wherein an upper ring groove 2 is arranged on the top surface of the wheel through hole forging 12, a lower ring groove 3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the wheel through hole forging 12, a through hole 13 is formed in the middle of the wheel through hole forging 12, the center line of the through hole 13 is overlapped with the center line of the wheel through hole forging 12, a radial plate is arranged between the upper ring groove 2 and the lower ring groove 3, and two ends of the through hole 13 are in a horn mouth shape.

The manufacturing method of the special rail wheel forging for the rail-road vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: it is completed by the following steps:

(I) blanking: selecting a bar made of 40CrNiMoA material, selecting cutting weight according to different types of rail wheels, and cutting the bar into blanks by using a circular saw, wherein the blanking weight is controlled to be 39.3 +/-0.05 kg if the rail wheels with the diameter of 10 inches are used;

(II) intermediate frequency heating: putting the cut blank into a 1250KW medium-frequency induction heating furnace for heating, and heating the blank to 1150 +/-50 ℃;

and (III) upsetting and punching a prefabricated die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press to manufacture a prefabricated blank 6: conveying the heated blank to a 1600T double-station servo oil press, wherein a prefabricated die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a prefabricated blank lower die 15, a hydraulic column 14, a prefabricated blank upper die 16 and a punch 17, as shown in FIG. 5, the hydraulic column 14 is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank lower die 15, the punch 17 is arranged in a central hole of the prefabricated blank upper die 16, the diameters of the punch 17 and the hydraulic column 14 are the same, and the central lines of the punch 17 and the hydraulic column 14 are superposed; placing the heated blank on the top surfaces of a lower die 15 of the prefabricated blank and a hydraulic column 14 of the prefabricated blank, synchronously pressing an upper die 16 of the prefabricated blank and a punch 17 of the prefabricated blank by a 1600T double-station servo oil press to enable the heated blank to be upset into a cake shape, then synchronously descending the punch 17 and the hydraulic column 14 to punch a straight hole 7 to obtain the prefabricated blank 6;

and (IV) forging the pre-forging die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press into a pre-forging piece 8: placing a prefabricated blank 6 on a pre-forging die on a 1600T double-station servo oil press, wherein the pre-forging die on the 1600T double-station servo oil press consists of a pre-forging lower die sleeve 18, a pre-forging retainer plate 29, a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring 19, a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring 20, a pre-forging upper die 21, a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring 22 and a pre-forging through hole support column 23, as shown in FIG. 6, the pre-forging retainer plate 29 is arranged in a die cavity of the pre-forging lower die sleeve 18, the upper end surface of the pre-forging retainer plate 29 is provided with the pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring 19 and the pre-forging through hole lower convex ring 20, the lower end surface of the pre-forging upper die 21 is provided with the pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring 22 and the pre-forging through hole support column 23, the pre-forging through hole support column 23 is matched with the pre-forging through; placing a prefabricated blank 6 into a die cavity of a pre-forging lower die sleeve 18, pressing a pre-forging upper die 21 downwards, inserting the lower end of a pre-forging through hole supporting column 23 into a straight hole 7 of the prefabricated blank 6, then pressing a pre-forging upper ring groove 9 on the top surface of the prefabricated blank 6 by a pre-forging upper ring groove forming convex ring 22, pressing a pre-forging lower ring groove 10 on the bottom surface of the prefabricated blank 6 by a pre-forging lower ring groove forming convex ring 19, making the lower end of the straight hole 7 into a bell mouth shape by a pre-forging through hole lower convex ring 20, and making the upper end of the straight hole 7 into the bell mouth shape by the upper end of the pre-forging through hole supporting column 23;

(V) precisely forging the pre-forging piece 8 into a wheel through hole forging piece 12 by adopting a die on a 4000T electric screw press: the mould on the 4000T electric screw press comprises a forging lower die sleeve 24, a forging retainer plate 31, a forging lower ring groove forming convex ring 25, a forging through hole lower convex ring 26, a forging upper die 27, a forging upper ring groove forming convex ring 28 and a forging through hole supporting column 30, wherein as shown in figure 7, the forging retainer plate 31 is arranged in a die cavity of the forging lower die sleeve 24, the upper end surface of the forging retainer plate 31 is provided with the forging lower ring groove forming convex ring 25 and the forging through hole lower convex ring 26, the lower end surface of the forging upper die 27 is provided with the forging upper ring groove forming convex ring 28 and the forging through hole supporting column 30, the forging through hole supporting column 30 is matched with the forging through hole lower convex ring 26, and the upper end of the forging through hole supporting column 30 is in a circular truncated cone shape; the pre-forging piece 8 is placed in a die cavity of a forging piece lower die sleeve 24, a 4000T electric screw press presses a forging piece upper die 27 downwards, the lower end of a forging piece through hole supporting column 30 is inserted into a pre-forging through hole 11 of the pre-forging piece 8, a forging piece upper ring groove forming convex ring 28 presses and forms the pre-forging upper ring groove 9 into an upper ring groove 2, a forging piece lower ring groove forming convex ring 25 presses and forms the pre-forging lower ring groove 10 into a lower ring groove 3, a forging piece through hole lower convex ring 26 shapes the lower end of the pre-forging through hole 11, and the upper end of the forging piece through hole supporting column 30 shapes the upper end of the pre-forging through hole 11, so that the pre-forging through hole 11 is shaped into a through.

The wheel through hole forging 12 manufactured by the method is subjected to heat treatment, finish machining and spraying by the traditional process to obtain a finished product of the rail wheel special for the combined car.