阅读说明：本技术 喷枪 (Spray gun ) 是由 刘志斌 李梅 杨晓勇 冯强 詹鸿运 郭鸣 秦诗涛 李世恒 吕双 张华� 于 2020-05-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种喷枪,其包括喷枪本体、喷嘴、上内管、下内管、固定接头和下接头；喷枪本体上开有阶梯孔以用于装配喷嘴,喷枪本体的外壁还采用加硬处理；喷嘴的外壁中部形成有凸台,凸台卡装在阶梯孔内；上内管和下内管同轴插装在喷枪本体的内腔中,且两者拼合后构成有圆孔,圆孔与喷嘴的下部相匹配,以将喷嘴限制在阶梯孔内；固定接头和下接头安装在喷枪本体的内腔两端,以将上内管和下内管限制在喷枪本体的内腔中。本发明可实现水力喷射工具一次下井后多次重复使用,可在井场快速更换喷嘴,从而提高压裂施工的效率,降低整个作业时间。(The invention discloses a spray gun, which comprises a spray gun body, a nozzle, an upper inner pipe, a lower inner pipe, a fixed joint and a lower joint, wherein the spray gun body is provided with a spray nozzle; the spray gun body is provided with a stepped hole for assembling a nozzle, and the outer wall of the spray gun body is also hardened; a boss is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the nozzle and clamped in the stepped hole; the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe are coaxially inserted into an inner cavity of the spray gun body, and are spliced to form a circular hole which is matched with the lower part of the nozzle so as to limit the nozzle in the stepped hole; the fixed joint and the lower joint are installed at two ends of an inner cavity of the spray gun body so as to limit the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe in the inner cavity of the spray gun body. The invention can realize repeated use of the hydraulic jetting tool after one-time well descending, and can quickly replace the nozzles at a well site, thereby improving the efficiency of fracturing construction and reducing the whole operation time.)

1. A spray gun is characterized by comprising a spray gun body, a nozzle, an upper inner pipe, a lower inner pipe, a fixed joint and a lower joint;

the spray gun body is provided with a stepped hole for assembling a nozzle, one end of the stepped hole close to the inner wall of the spray gun body is a large-diameter end, one end of the stepped hole close to the outer wall of the spray gun body is a small-diameter end, and the outer wall of the spray gun body is hardened;

the middle part of the nozzle is penetrated to form an eyelet for realizing the communication between the inner cavity of the spray gun body and the outside, the middle part of the outer wall of the nozzle is also provided with a boss, the part of the nozzle above the boss is inserted into the small-diameter end of the stepped hole in a matching way, and the boss is inserted into the large-diameter end of the stepped hole in a matching way;

the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe are coaxially inserted into an inner cavity of the spray gun body in a matching manner, opposite surfaces of the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe are spliced to form a circular hole, and the circular hole is matched with a part of the nozzle below the boss so as to limit the nozzle in the stepped hole;

the fixed joint and the lower joint are detachably mounted at two ends of an inner cavity of the spray gun body so as to limit the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe in the inner cavity of the spray gun body.

2. The spray gun of claim 1 wherein the hardening process is carried out by ultra high speed laser cladding to form a super hard coating on the outer wall surface of the spray gun body, the super hard coating being disposed around the nozzle.

3. The spray gun of claim 2 wherein said ultra-hard coating comprises particles of W and Co, the coating having a Rockwell hardness of 60HRC to 80HRC and a thickness of 0.1mm to 2 mm.

4. The spray gun of claim 1, wherein the hardening treatment is that a super-hard alloy cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the spray gun body, the super-hard alloy cylinder is limited on the outer wall of the spray gun body through a baffle head, the super-hard alloy cylinder is arranged around the spray nozzle, and the super-hard alloy cylinder is further provided with through holes so as to realize the communication between the hole of the spray nozzle and the outside.

5. The lance defined in claim 4 wherein the canister is formed of a high specific gravity tungsten alloy material having a hardness of 70 to 80HRC Rockwell hardness and a thickness of 3.5 to 5 mm.

6. The spray gun according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of the nozzles is three, the three nozzles are made of high specific gravity tungsten alloy, the three nozzles are uniformly distributed on the spray gun body in the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of an eyelet of each nozzle keeps an inclination angle of 3 degrees to 5 degrees with the radial direction of the spray gun body after the nozzles are arranged, so that the perforation efficiency is ensured, and the cleaning of a shaft is facilitated.

7. The spray gun of claim 6 wherein said nozzle is sealed to said spray gun body by a rubber gasket.

8. The spray gun of any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the fixed and lower fittings are each threadedly connected to the spray gun body.

9. The lance defined in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the inner diameters of the upper inner tube, the lower inner tube, the fixed joint and the lower joint are uniform and the outer diameter of the upper inner tube is less than the outer diameter of the fixed joint and the outer diameter of the lower inner tube is less than the outer diameter of the lower joint.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of well completion engineering of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as petroleum, natural gas and the like, and relates to a hydraulic jetting tool, in particular to a spray gun.

Background

When the oil and gas well is connected with a stratum and a shaft through sand blasting perforation, a hydraulic jetting tool is used, and the installation forms of nozzles of the hydraulic jetting tool which is widely used at present are mainly two, wherein one is threaded connection, and the other is welding. The threaded connection is fixed by screwing from the outside of the gun, which makes it possible for the nozzle to fall off during the shot-blasting perforation process, due to the high speed of the blasting. The nozzle is welded to the spray gun body and cannot be replaced. In addition, the problem that the spray gun body is splashed and damaged in the hydraulic jet fracturing construction process is widely caused. The main reason that the spray gun body is pierced is that after the high-speed jet beam formed by accelerating the flow of the sand-containing perforating liquid through the nozzle impacts the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, the back splash impacts the ejector (spray gun) body, and the spray gun body is easily pierced due to poor anti-back-splash capacity of the spray gun body.

At present, in order to improve the use efficiency of the tool, the hydraulic jet tool is required to be capable of carrying out sand blasting and perforating for multiple times after being lowered into a well once, and when a sand blasting and perforating channel of a nozzle is enlarged, the nozzle can be replaced quickly at a well site, so that the fracturing time is shortened, and the use efficiency of ground equipment is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a spray gun capable of quickly replacing a nozzle, so that a hydraulic spraying tool can be repeatedly used for many times after being put down in a well once, and the nozzle can be quickly replaced in a well site, thereby improving the efficiency of fracturing construction and reducing the whole operation time.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a spray gun comprises a spray gun body, a nozzle, an upper inner tube, a lower inner tube, a fixed joint and a lower joint;

the spray gun body is provided with a stepped hole for assembling a nozzle, one end of the stepped hole close to the inner wall of the spray gun body is a large-diameter end, one end of the stepped hole close to the outer wall of the spray gun body is a small-diameter end, and the outer wall of the spray gun body is hardened;

the middle part of the nozzle is penetrated to form an eyelet for realizing the communication between the inner cavity of the spray gun body and the outside, the middle part of the outer wall of the nozzle is also provided with a boss, the part of the nozzle above the boss is inserted into the small-diameter end of the stepped hole in a matching way, and the boss is inserted into the large-diameter end of the stepped hole in a matching way;

the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe are coaxially inserted into an inner cavity of the spray gun body in a matching manner, opposite surfaces of the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe are spliced to form a circular hole, and the circular hole is matched with a part of the nozzle below the boss so as to limit the nozzle in the stepped hole;

the fixed joint and the lower joint are detachably mounted at two ends of an inner cavity of the spray gun body so as to limit the upper inner pipe and the lower inner pipe in the inner cavity of the spray gun body.

Further, the hardening treatment is to generate a layer of superhard coating on the surface of the outer wall of the spray gun body by an ultra-high speed laser cladding technology, and the superhard coating is arranged around the nozzle.

Further, the superhard coating comprises W and Co particles, the hardness of the coating is Rockwell hardness 60HRC-80HRC, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm-2 mm.

Furthermore, the hardening treatment is that a superhard alloy cylinder is sleeved on the outer wall of the spray gun body and is limited on the outer wall of the spray gun body through a blocking head, the superhard alloy cylinder is arranged around the spray nozzle, and the superhard alloy cylinder is further provided with a through hole so as to facilitate the communication between the eyelet of the spray nozzle and the outside.

Furthermore, the superhard alloy cylinder is made of high specific gravity tungsten alloy materials, the hardness is 70-80HRC in Rockwell hardness, and the thickness is 3.5-5 mm.

Furthermore, the three nozzles are made of high specific gravity tungsten alloy materials and are uniformly distributed on the spray gun body in the circumferential direction, and the axial direction of each nozzle after installation and the radial direction of the spray gun body keep an inclination angle of 3-5 degrees, so that the perforation efficiency is guaranteed, and the shaft is more favorably cleaned.

Further, a rubber ring is used for sealing between the nozzle and the spray gun body.

Further, fixed joint and lower clutch all adopt threaded connection with the spray gun body.

Furthermore, the inner diameters of the upper inner pipe, the lower inner pipe, the fixed joint and the lower joint are consistent, the outer diameter of the upper inner pipe is smaller than that of the fixed joint, and the outer diameter of the lower inner pipe is smaller than that of the lower joint.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the spray nozzle and the spray gun body adopt an embedded structure, and the spray nozzle can be quickly installed and replaced on site;

2. the spray gun body is provided with a limiting and locking mechanism, so that the installation is firm;

3. after the nozzle is installed, the axial direction of the hole keeps a certain inclination angle with the radial direction of the spray gun body, so that the perforation efficiency is ensured, and the shaft is more favorably cleaned;

4. the nozzle is made of high specific gravity tungsten alloy material, has long service life and can effectively sand-blast and perforate 20 layers;

5. the surface of the spray gun body adopts an ultra-high speed laser cladding technology to generate a layer of ultra-hard coating on the surface of the spray gun body, the ultra-hard coating mainly comprises W and Co particles, the anti-splashing capacity is strong, and the spray gun body can be effectively prevented from being damaged by stabbing.

6. The high specific gravity tungsten alloy outer barrel is arranged on the outer surface of the spray gun body, the anti-splashing capacity is strong, and the spray gun body can be effectively prevented from being damaged by stabbing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the spray gun of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the spray gun of the present invention.

Wherein, 1-spray gun body, 2-fixed joint, 3-upper inner tube, 41-superhard coating, 42-superhard alloy cylinder, 5-lower inner tube, 6-nozzle, 7-lower joint and 8-baffle head.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: