阅读说明：本技术 一种具有形状记忆功能的手工玩具产品及使用方法 (Manual toy product with shape memory function and use method ) 是由 李兴建 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有形状记忆功能的手工玩具产品及使用方法,该玩具产品是单独包装的环氧树脂胶水和固化剂,或者是这两者固化得到的材料。该玩家产品经过变形和进一步的光或热固化可以得到预设的任意几何形状,这种得到的新几何形状的材料在形状记忆转变温度以上能够任意变形后降温到转变温度以下得到暂时形状,再次升温至转变温度以上,材料由暂时形状回复到新几何结构的形状。本发明玩具不仅无毒、固化温度低、形状记忆转变温度低和安全性高,而且玩家可以结合传统的手工工艺制备任意形状,这一任意形状能够反复变化成各种暂时形状,利用记忆效应又能回复到原始形状,是一款具有科学性、趣味性、教育性和探索性的DIY玩具产品。(The invention discloses a manual toy product with a shape memory function and a using method thereof. The player product can obtain a preset arbitrary geometric shape through deformation and further light or heat curing, the obtained material with the new geometric shape can be randomly deformed above the shape memory transition temperature, then cooled below the transition temperature to obtain a temporary shape, and heated above the transition temperature again, and the material returns to the shape of the new geometric structure from the temporary shape. The toy of the invention is non-toxic, low in curing temperature, low in shape memory transition temperature and high in safety, and a player can prepare any shape by combining the traditional manual process, the any shape can be repeatedly changed into various temporary shapes, and the original shape can be restored by utilizing the memory effect, so that the toy is a DIY toy product with scientificity, interestingness, educational property and exploratory property.)

1. A manual toy product with a shape memory function is characterized in that: the raw material of the laser cutting machine consists of epoxy resin glue and a curing agent which are packaged separately, or the raw material is obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent, or the raw material is obtained by cutting a pre-deformed pattern on the material obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent by a laser cutting machine.

2. The handcraft toy product of claim 1 wherein: the epoxy resin glue is a mixture of epoxy resin and single epoxy acrylate, and the curing agent is polyether amine; or the epoxy resin glue is epoxy resin, and the curing agent is double-bond graft modified polyether amine obtained by polymerization reaction of polyether amine and monoepoxy acrylate.

3. The handcraft toy product of claim 1 wherein: the curing reaction mode of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent is as follows: uniformly mixing epoxy resin glue and a curing agent according to the mass ratio of 1.2: 1-0.6: 1, adding a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator accounting for 0.5-2% of the mass of the epoxy resin glue, uniformly mixing, pouring into a mold, and curing at 25-60 ℃ to obtain the material with the required shape.

4. A handcraft toy product according to claim 3 wherein: the thermal initiator has an initiation temperature below the curing temperature of the finally formed material.

5. A handcraft toy product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the material obtained by the curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent or the material obtained by the curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent is sheet-shaped after a pre-deformed pattern is cut by a laser cutting machine.

6. A handcraft toy product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the transition temperature is 25-100 ℃.

7. A method for using the handmade toy product with shape memory function as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that:

(1) carrying out curing reaction on the epoxy resin glue and a curing agent to obtain a raw material, or directly selecting a material obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent as the raw material;

(2) drawing or printing patterns on the raw materials, and then cutting the raw materials into required shapes;

(3) cutting the material cut in the step (2) or the material obtained by curing reaction of epoxy resin glue and a curing agent into a pre-deformed pattern by a laser cutting machine, heating the material to a temperature above the transformation temperature, and obtaining the required shape by adopting a paper folding or paper cutting pattern drawing mode;

(4) keeping the external force, reducing the temperature below the transition temperature, and fixing the shape in the step (3);

(5) when the raw material is formed by adding a photoinitiator for curing, directly irradiating the sample with ultraviolet light, sunlight or lamplight to enable the shape of the step (3) to be permanently shaped, when the raw material is formed by adding a thermal initiator for curing, fixing the sample by using a polyimide adhesive tape, and then using a blower or an oven or soaking the sample in hot water to enable the shape of the step (3) to be permanently shaped;

(6) heating the sample shaped in the step (5) to a temperature above the transformation temperature, changing the sample into any required temporary shape under the action of external force, and then reducing the temperature below the transformation temperature to fix the temporary shape;

(7) heating the sample in step (6) above the transition temperature to return the sample from the temporary shape to the shape in step (5).

8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (3), the paper folding method is adopted to obtain the shapes of triangular cones, cubes, dodecahedrons, spheres, tubular bodies, Sanpu paper folds, paper cranes, frogs, elephants, flowers or ships.

9. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (3), a tower-shaped structure, a three-dimensional garland, a building structure, a flower-shaped structure or a paper carving structure is obtained by adopting a paper-cutting method.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a manual toy product with a shape memory function and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of shape memory polymer materials and toys.

Background

Handmade is not only the traditional art of the Chinese nation, but also an activity that children like very much, and it has many forms such as: the paper folding, paper cutting, paper dyeing, paper tearing, cloth sticking, leaf sticking, straw weaving, knitting wool, metal wire weaving, embroidery, clay sculpture, root carving and the like are important means for cultivating the hand-motion and brain-motion ability of children and inspiring the creative thinking of children. The manual production is an educational activity which is characterized in that teachers guide infants to exert imagination and creativity, and directly operate simple tools with hands to process and transform material materials with various shapes (point-shaped, line-packed, surface-packed and block-packed) and facihty properties to produce various visual and touchable artistic images occupying a certain space. The method plays an important role in cultivating imagination and forming a three-dimensional space concept of the children by carefully observing, intentionally paying attention to and enduring careful habits of the children.

The do-it-yourself (DIY) toy is not only interesting, but also more important to be able to cultivate independence, develop intelligence, cultivate observability by step reading, cultivate creative thinking by step reading, cultivate confidence and cultivate attention of children. The DIY toy is also a link for enhancing feelings and improving the relationships between children, and is helpful for developing the collective concept and cooperation spirit of children. For example, when a child does a hand, parents can make shapes in advance and enable the child to be spliced according to the patterns, in the manual process, the child needs to exert imagination and assemble the shapes at corresponding positions, so that the two hands of the child are more coordinated, and the creativity of the child is cultured unintentionally.

With the development of society, the conventional toys have not been able to meet the needs of contemporary people. Parents in particular are now paying great attention to the intelligence-developing effect of toys on children. Therefore, educational toys are generally very popular with parents. The educational toy can enable children to learn knowledge that many books do not have. Therefore, scientific toys have been developed, which are toys that enable children to observe, operate and explore various physical and chemical phenomena in nature. It can develop curiosity of children and ask for knowledge. The method guides the children to obtain scientific operation experience from the game, develops the principle of observation and analysis habits and facts, and helps the children to obtain scientific knowledge and experience.

Rapid development of the current internet, especially short videosAs an internet content transmission method, the industry gradually gains favor of various large platforms, fans and capital along with the popularization of mobile terminals and the speed increase of networks. Such as tremble, fast hand, beep li, american beat, volcano small video, Tencent micro-video, second beat, etc. These short video platforms create a personalized platform for the general public to demonstrate themselves. Creation videos and tutorial videos of representative educational DIY toys are popular in various large network video platforms, and attract a large number of interestingers. Among them, the current most powerful DIY toy products are the following: (1) and (3) crystal glue dripping: the crystal glue is AB glue prepared by two components. The epoxy resin adhesive and the UV adhesive are most applied, wherein the epoxy resin adhesive is composed of epoxy resin and polyether amine, the epoxy resin and the polyether amine can be cured at room temperature or crosslinked by UV light after being mixed, and the cured product has the characteristics of high transparency, yellowing resistance, good folding resistance and the like. The player can use the crystal glue DIY to make mobile phone shells, ornaments, precious stones, models, ornaments, sealed specimens and the like. (2) Thermal shrinkage sheet: the heat-shrinkable sheet is a shape memory polymer material, and the main component is polyvinyl chloride. The product bought by the player is a sheet-shaped material which is temporarily shaped after the shape memory material is subjected to bidirectional stretching deformation and fixed, the player can draw or dye or print patterns on the shape memory material, after the shape memory material is cut, the shape memory material is heated by using a hot air gun or an oven, the temperature exceeds the shape memory transformation temperature, is about 150-200 ℃, the thermal shrinkage sheet can deform and shrink within half a minute, the area is reduced to half of the original area, the thermal shrinkage sheet can be used for DIY (do it yourself) preparation, various practical shapes can be made, and the thermal shrinkage sheet can be used for making ornaments such as pendants, necklaces. (3) Schlemm: the harmonious sound of its English "Slime" is taken to mean mucus, clay and soft mud. The DIY material can be purchased by itself or can be purchased as it is. The main raw materials for preparing the Schlemm comprise glue (polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution), clay, borax and pigment. The DIY process is simple, and the raw materials are put into a container, added with hot water, glue and borax water and stirred into a mud shape to be made into Schlemm. The reaction mechanism is B (OH) generated by utilizing borax hydrolysis^4-Reacting with hydroxyl on polyvinyl alcohol to generate boric acid ester, so that the glue is subjected to crosslinking reactionThe gel material obtained is very permeable and can be drawn very long and has very good toughness.

The crystal glue dripping product relates to chemical reaction, can only be used for preparing various materials by various moulds, and has no scientificity, and the same way, the crystal glue dripping product is a hydrogel product of the chemical reaction. In the case of Schlemm, the raw material contains borax, a toxic substance that can cause injury or even death if the human body comes into contact with it in large quantities or is mistakenly eaten | it is forbidden as a dietary supplement in many countries around the world. Compared with the two products, the thermal shrinkage sheet utilizes the shape memory effect and belongs to a physical phenomenon. But the shape memory transition temperature is too high and exceeds 150 ℃, and the operation is unsafe; and the obtained product is basically planar and cannot be randomly changed to obtain various complex three-dimensional shapes.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the defects and shortcomings of toy products in the prior art, the invention provides a manual toy product with a shape memory function, which not only combines the advantages of crystal glue drops and heat-shrinkable sheet products, but also has a more novel function. The raw material of the product is prepared from two components of epoxy resin glue and polyether amine curing agent, can be cured at room temperature like crystal dripping glue, and can obtain any shape which can not be realized like a thermal shrinkage sheet by DIY; the obtained shape can be randomly deformed above the transformation temperature of the three-dimensional shape to obtain a more complex three-dimensional shape, the transformation temperature can be controlled to be 25-100 ℃, then the complex permanent three-dimensional shape can be obtained through UV curing or heating, the shape can be deformed through shape memory at the deformation temperature of 40-120 ℃ to obtain various temporary shapes, and the original permanent three-dimensional shape can be recovered after the shape is heated to 40-120 ℃. The product can also be made into a sheet shape, a player can cut and fold after purchasing the product, various shapes are obtained according to paper folding and paper cutting processes, various complex shapes are obtained through illumination and heating, and the material with the shape can also deform to show the shape memory function.

The novel product has the advantages of no toxicity, low curing temperature, low shape memory transition temperature and high safety, and the shape prepared by the player can repeatedly change various shapes and can be restored to the original shape by utilizing the memory effect. The composition of the product can be used as crystal glue, and can be used for preparing a shape memory sheet for programming various shapes, and the obtained shape also has the shape memory function, so that the product is a scientific and exploratory DIY toy.

The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the raw materials of the handcraft toy product comprise epoxy resin glue and a curing agent which are packaged separately, or the raw materials are materials obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent, or the raw materials are materials obtained by cutting pre-deformed patterns of the materials obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent through a laser cutting machine.

Furthermore, the raw materials can also comprise pigments, fluorescent materials, other modifying components and the like which have modifying effects on the appearance and the performance of the materials besides the epoxy resin and the curing agent.

Further, the raw materials of the handtoy product contain further polymerizable double bonds.

Further, the epoxy resin glue is a mixture of epoxy resin and monoepoxy acrylate, and the curing agent is polyether amine; or the epoxy resin glue is epoxy resin, and the curing agent is double-bond graft modified polyether amine obtained by polymerization reaction of polyether amine and monoepoxy acrylate.

Further, the curing reaction mode of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent is as follows: uniformly mixing epoxy resin glue and a curing agent according to the mass ratio of 1.2: 1-0.6: 1, adding a photoinitiator or a thermal initiator accounting for 0.5-2% of the mass of the epoxy resin glue, uniformly mixing, pouring into a mold, and curing at 25-60 ℃ to obtain the material with the required shape. The thermal initiator has an initiation temperature below the curing temperature of the finally formed material.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the epoxy resin glue to the curing agent is more than 1, and the material obtained after further curing is low in crosslinking density and easy to deform.

Preferably, the photoinitiator and thermal initiator are selected from the prior art, preferably with the addition of a photoinitiator for curing.

Furthermore, the handcraft toy product can be in a solid or hollowed-out sheet structure and can be in a rectangular shape, a square shape, a round shape and the like.

Furthermore, the transition temperature of the handcraft toy product is 25-100 ℃, and preferably 25-80 ℃. This transition temperature can be achieved by controlling the molecular weight, molar ratio, amount of double bonds, reaction conditions, etc. of the starting materials.

Further, the use method of the manual toy product with the shape memory function comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out curing reaction on the epoxy resin glue and a curing agent to obtain a raw material, or directly selecting a material obtained by curing reaction of the epoxy resin glue and the curing agent as the raw material;

(2) drawing or printing patterns on the raw materials, and then cutting the raw materials into required shapes;

(3) cutting the material cut in the step (2) or the material obtained by curing reaction of epoxy resin glue and a curing agent into a pre-deformed pattern by a laser cutting machine, heating the material to a temperature above the transformation temperature, and obtaining the required shape by adopting a paper folding or paper cutting pattern drawing mode;

(4) keeping the external force, reducing the temperature below the transition temperature, and fixing the shape in the step (3);

(5) when the raw material is formed by adding a photoinitiator for curing, directly irradiating the sample with ultraviolet light, sunlight or lamplight to enable the shape of the step (3) to be permanently shaped, when the raw material is formed by adding a thermal initiator for curing, fixing the sample by using a polyimide adhesive tape, and then using a blower or an oven or soaking the sample in hot water to enable the shape of the step (3) to be permanently shaped;

(6) heating the sample shaped in the step (5) to a temperature above the transformation temperature, changing the sample into any required temporary shape under the action of external force, and then reducing the temperature below the transformation temperature to fix the temporary shape;

(7) heating the sample in step (6) above the transition temperature to return the sample from the temporary shape to the shape in step (5).

Furthermore, in the step (2), the raw material is painted or printed with patterns, so that the formed toy can have different pictures, and the attractiveness of the toy is improved.

Further, in the step (5), the raw material is formed by adding a photoinitiator for curing, and ultraviolet light, sunlight or lamplight irradiation is directly carried out on the sample.

Further, FIG. 1 illustrates a method of using the hand toy product.

Further, in the steps (6) and (7), the transformation temperature is 25-100 ℃, and preferably 25-80 ℃.

Compared with the prior art and DIY toy products, the handcraft toy product with the shape memory function has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the paper-cutting, paper-folding and shape memory are combined together, so that the operation ability of the user can be exercised manually, and the method is scientific and can expand thinking. The toy can be made into any shape by combining with the traditional manual process, the shape can be repeatedly changed into various temporary shapes, and the toy can be restored to the original shape by utilizing the memory effect, thereby being a DIY toy product with scientificity, interestingness, educational property and exploratory property.

(2) The invention integrates the characteristics of the crystal dripping glue and the heat-shrinkable sheet product and endows new functions.

(3) The invention not only can be used as an intelligence toy, but also can be used as a classroom teaching aid for universities, and can be used as a teaching aid for teachers teaching functional polymer materials, polymer physics, intelligent materials and related experimental classes to show professional knowledge to students.

(4) The product does not relate to toxic chemical substances, has low shape memory transition temperature, can be achieved by a blower or hot water, and is safe to use.

(5) The price of the epoxy resin, the polyether amine and the single epoxy acrylate monomer is very low, the curing temperature is low, and the cost of the preparation material is very low; the subsequent curing can be light curing or heat curing, and the curing method is various.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the steps of the product using method are shown schematically;

FIG. 2: schematic preparation of shape memory cubes of example 1;

FIG. 3: the preparation of the shape memory paper crane in example 2 is shown schematically;

FIG. 4: schematic preparation of shape memory dodecahedral sphere shape in example 3;

FIG. 5: a schematic diagram of the product in example 4;

FIG. 6: schematic preparation of shape memory reticulated stent shape in example 5;

FIG. 7: a schematic diagram of the preparation of the shape memory three-dimensional tower shape in example 6;

FIG. 8: schematic diagram of shape memory pyramid shape preparation in example 7;

FIG. 9: schematic preparation of the 5-layer pyramid shape in example 7;

FIG. 10: example 8 a schematic of a tower structure that does not use layers and can fluoresce blue and green;

FIG. 11: schematic diagram of the shape fixing and shape recovery process of the light-emitting tower structure in example 8;

FIG. 12: the three-dimensional tower type circuit structure in the embodiment 9 is schematically shown.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.