阅读说明：本技术 一种钢球生产球胚加工设备及其加工工艺 (Machining equipment and machining process for ball blank produced by steel ball ) 是由 阮家宏 于 2020-04-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钢球生产球胚加工设备,涉及钢球加工技术,包括设备机架,设备机架的机头端设有模具壳体,对应模具壳体的一侧设有用于软化线材的加热炉；设备机架内设有镦锤,镦锤的一端设有直线驱动机构；另一端设有冲压杆；模具壳体内设有用于球胚镦压成形的第一模具和第二模具；第二模具贯穿设有进料通道,进料通道的两侧设有剪切机构；模具壳体位于进料口的一侧设有供料机构；模具壳体的底部设有出料口。本发明的设备有效降低对钢模强度的要求,减小对钢模损伤,有利镦压成形,提高了球胚成形的质量。本发明还提供了一种钢球生产球胚的加工工艺,采用该工艺加工的钢球可有效提高球胚打磨的效率。(The invention discloses a steel ball production ball blank processing device, which relates to a steel ball processing technology and comprises a device rack, wherein a die shell is arranged at the head end of the device rack, and a heating furnace for softening wires is arranged at one side corresponding to the die shell; an upsetting hammer is arranged in the equipment rack, and a linear driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the upsetting hammer; the other end is provided with a stamping rod; a first die and a second die for upsetting and forming the ball blank are arranged in the die shell; a feeding channel penetrates through the second die, and shearing mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the feeding channel; a feeding mechanism is arranged on one side of the die shell positioned at the feeding hole; the bottom of the mould shell is provided with a discharge hole. The equipment of the invention effectively reduces the requirement on the strength of the steel die, reduces the damage to the steel die, is beneficial to upsetting formation and improves the forming quality of the ball blank. The invention also provides a processing technology for producing the ball blank by the steel ball, and the steel ball processed by the technology can effectively improve the grinding efficiency of the ball blank.)

1. A machining device for producing ball blanks by steel balls comprises a device rack (2), wherein the device rack (2) is installed on a fixed plate (1), and is characterized in that a die shell (10) for forging the ball blanks is arranged at the head end of the device rack (2), and a heating furnace (11) for softening wires is arranged on one side, corresponding to the die shell (10), of the fixed plate (1);

the device is characterized in that an upsetting hammer (7) capable of sliding linearly is arranged on the axis of the device rack (2), and a linear driving mechanism for driving the upsetting hammer (7) to reciprocate is arranged at one end of the upsetting hammer (7); the other end is fixedly provided with a stamping rod (9);

one end of the punching rod (9) far away from the upsetting hammer (7) can extend into the die shell (10);

a first die (101) and a second die (102) for upsetting and forming a ball blank are arranged in the die shell (10), the first die (101) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the stamping rod (9), and the second die (102) is fixed in the die shell (10) corresponding to the first die (101);

a first die cavity (103) and a second die cavity (104) which are of hemispherical groove structures are respectively arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the first die (101) and the second die (102);

a feeding channel (105) penetrates through the second die (102) corresponding to the transverse axis of the second die cavity (104), the feeding channel (105) is communicated with the second die cavity (104), and shearing mechanisms for cutting wires are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeding channel (105);

a feeding hole (111) is formed in the position, corresponding to the feeding channel (105), of the die shell (10), and a feeding mechanism for quantitatively conveying wires is arranged on one side of the feeding hole (111);

and a discharge hole (112) is formed in the bottom of the die shell (10) and below the forging surface corresponding to the second die (102).

2. The machining equipment and the machining process for the spherical blank produced by the steel ball according to claim 1, wherein feeding pipes (12) for wires to pass through are arranged on two sides of the heating furnace (11), the feeding pipes (12) are coaxial with the feeding port (111), and ceramic heat-insulating rings are arranged in the feeding pipes (12).

3. The steel ball production ball blank processing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the linear driving mechanism comprises a crankshaft (6), a connecting rod (8), a transmission disc (3) and a motor (4), the connecting rod (8) is connected to the upsetting hammer (7) in a rotating mode through a rotating shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the crankshaft (6) in a rotating mode, two ends of the crankshaft (6) are fixed to the equipment rack (2) through shaft seats, the transmission disc (3) used for driving rotation is arranged at one end of the crankshaft (6), the transmission disc (3) is connected to an output rotary disc of the motor (4) through a belt (5), and the motor (4) is fixedly mounted on the fixing plate (1).

4. The ball blank processing device for steel ball production according to claim 1, wherein the shearing mechanism comprises a cutting groove (106), a cutting knife (107) and a telescopic cylinder (108), the cutting groove (106) is arranged on two sides of the feeding channel (105) in a penetrating manner in a symmetrical relationship, the cutting knife (107) matched with the feeding channel (105) is arranged in the feeding channel (105), one end of the cutting knife (107) far away from the cutting part (110) is fixedly arranged on the output end of the telescopic cylinder (108), and the telescopic cylinder (108) is fixedly arranged on the die shell (10).

5. The machining equipment for the ball blanks produced by the steel balls as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting part (110) is tangent to the second die cavity (104), and the cross section of one side of the cutting part (110) far away from the second die cavity (104) is of a circular arc-shaped structure.

6. The steel ball production ball blank processing equipment according to claim 4, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged feeding wheels (109), and the two feeding wheels (109) are synchronous and counter-rotating wheels and are driven to rotate by a progressive motor.

7. A processing technology for producing ball blanks by steel balls is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

step 1, wire rod pretreatment: softening the wire rod for producing and processing the steel ball by a heating furnace (11);

step 2, feeding: the softened wire rods are sent into a die shell (10) by a feeding mechanism, and when the volume of the wire rods entering between a first die cavity (103) and a second die cavity (104) is the same as the volume of steel balls to be produced, feeding is stopped;

step 3, preliminary blanking: the shearing mechanism carries out first-stage material cutting, so that the cutting part (110) of the cutter (107) cuts into the wire, and the first-stage material cutting is stopped;

step 4, upsetting and forming: the linear driving mechanism drives the upsetting hammer (7) to continue to reciprocate once, the first die (101) is driven by the stamping rod (9) to stamp the second die (102), and the softened wire between the first die cavity (103) and the second die cavity (104) is enabled to form a spherical blank rapidly according to a spherical die cavity formed by the first die cavity (103) and the second die cavity (104);

step 5, cutting off the spherical blank; after the ball blank is generated, the shearing mechanism cuts materials at the second stage, and completely cuts the formed ball blank and the wire to form the ball blank with a single pole;

step 6, discharging the spherical blank: and the feeding mechanism feeds again to process the next ball blank, and the ball blank left in the second die cavity (104) is guided out and falls from the discharge hole (112) while being fed again, so that the ball blank is cooled and collected.

8. The machining process for the ball blank produced by the steel ball as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 1, the temperature of the heating furnace (11) is controlled to be 700 ℃ and 900 ℃ to soften the wire.

9. The machining process for producing the ball blank of the steel ball as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the step 3, the first-stage cutting depth is 2/3 of the diameter of the wire.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a steel ball processing technology, and particularly relates to a steel ball production ball blank processing device and a processing technology thereof.

Background

The steel ball is an important basic part, the steel ball is widely applied to various fields of national economy, the traditional production process flow of the steel ball is ball blank forming → endless belt removing → coarse grinding → soft grinding → heat treatment → ball blank forming → photosphere (or filing → soft grinding) → hard grinding → fine grinding (or polishing) → ultra-fine grinding, the ball blank forming in the prior art is to place drawn wires into a steel ball cold header, the steel die in the machine is used for upsetting to form a ball blank, the steel ball cold header is used as a previous process of steel ball production, and the quality of the steel ball production is directly determined. This kind of mode that directly adopts cold-heading is big to steel mould intensity requirement, easily causes the steel mould damage, reduces the steel ball and becomes embryo quality to the mode that adopts traditional cold-heading can leave the limit at the both ends of steel ball, and this brings inconvenience for the polishing of follow-up, also can prolong the time of polishing simultaneously, and is big to the grinding machine damage, reduces the efficiency of polishing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects that the steel ball blank processing has high requirement on the strength of a steel die, the steel die is easy to damage and the steel ball blank quality is reduced in the prior art, and provides steel ball blank production processing equipment and a processing technology thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

designing ball blank processing equipment for steel ball production, which comprises an equipment rack, wherein the equipment rack is arranged on a fixed plate, a die shell for ball blank forging is arranged at the head end of the equipment rack, and a heating furnace for softening wires is arranged on one side, corresponding to the die shell, of the fixed plate;

the device comprises an equipment rack, a straight line driving mechanism and a straight line driving mechanism, wherein the straight line driving mechanism is used for driving the straight line driving mechanism to reciprocate; the other end is fixedly provided with a stamping rod;

one end of the stamping rod, which is far away from the upsetting hammer, can extend into the die shell;

a first die and a second die for upsetting and forming a ball blank are arranged in the die shell, the first die is fixedly arranged at the end part of the stamping rod, and the second die is fixed in the die shell corresponding to the first die;

a first die cavity and a second die cavity which are of hemispherical groove structures are respectively arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the first die and the second die;

a feeding channel penetrates through the second die corresponding to the transverse axis of the second die cavity, the feeding channel is communicated with the second die cavity, and shearing mechanisms for cutting wires are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeding channel;

a feeding hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the feeding channel, of the die shell, and a feeding mechanism for quantitatively conveying wires is arranged on one side of the feeding hole;

and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the die shell and below the forging surface of the second die.

Furthermore, the two sides of the heating furnace are provided with feed pipes for wires to pass through, the feed pipes are coaxial with the feed inlets, and ceramic heat-insulating rings are arranged in the feed pipes.

Further, linear driving mechanism includes bent axle, connecting rod, driving disc and motor, the connecting rod is connected with rotatory mode through the pivot on the upsetting hammer, and the other end is connected on the bent axle with the pivoted mode, the both ends of bent axle are fixed on equipment rack through the axle bed, the one end of bent axle is equipped with and is used for the drive rotation the driving disc, the driving disc passes through the belt and connects on the output carousel of motor, and motor fixed mounting is on the fixed plate.

Further, the shearing mechanism comprises a cutting groove, a cutter and a telescopic oil cylinder, the cutting groove penetrates through two sides of the feeding channel in a symmetrical relationship, the cutter matched with the feeding channel is arranged in the feeding channel, one end, far away from the cutting part, of the cutter is fixedly arranged at the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the telescopic oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the die shell.

Furthermore, the cutting edge of the cutting part is tangent to the second die groove, and the cross section of one side of the cutting part, which is far away from the second die groove, is of an arc-shaped structure.

Furthermore, the feeding mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged feeding wheels, and the two feeding wheels are synchronous counter rotating wheels and are driven to rotate by a progressive motor.

The invention also provides a processing technology for producing ball blanks by using the steel balls, which comprises the following specific steps:

s1, softening the wire rod for producing and processing the steel ball through a heating furnace;

s2, feeding the softened wire rods into the die shell through the feeding mechanism, and stopping feeding when the volume of the wire rods entering between the first die cavity and the second die cavity is the same as that of the steel balls to be produced;

s3, the shearing mechanism cuts the material in the first stage, so that the cutting part of the cutter cuts into the wire rod, and the first stage material cutting is stopped;

s4, driving the upsetting hammer to continue to reciprocate once by the linear driving mechanism, driving the first die to punch the second die by the punching rod, and enabling the softened wire between the first die cavity and the second die cavity to rapidly form a spherical blank according to the spherical die cavity formed by the first die cavity and the second die cavity;

s5, after the ball blank is generated, the shearing mechanism cuts the material at the second stage, and completely cuts the formed ball blank and the wire to form the ball blank with a single pole;

and S6, feeding again by the feeding mechanism, processing the next ball blank, guiding out the ball blank remained in the second die cavity while feeding again, dropping from the discharge port, and cooling and collecting.

Further, in step S1, the temperature of the heating furnace is controlled to 700-.

Further, in step S3, the first stage cutting depth is 2/3 of the wire diameter.

The invention provides a steel ball production ball blank processing device and a processing technology thereof, which have the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention softens the wire before the steel ball is formed into the blank, and then upsetting and pressing the wire into the blank, thereby effectively reducing the requirement on the strength of the steel die, meanwhile, the soft wire is more beneficial to upsetting and forming, reducing the damage to the steel die and simultaneously improving the forming quality of the ball blank.

(2) The ball blank processed by the process only has one limit, so that the grinding efficiency of the ball blank can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the damage to a subsequent grinding machine is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mold shell of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of point A in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the feed of step 2 in the example;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the preliminary blanking of step 3 in the example;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of upsetting formation at step 4 in the example;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the excised spherical embryo in step 5 of the example;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the discharging of the spherical embryo at step 6 in the example;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a conventional ball blank structure formed by a cold heading machine;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a formed blastomere structure according to the present invention.

Labeled as: the device comprises a fixing plate 1, an equipment frame 2, a transmission disc 3, a motor 4, a belt 5, a crankshaft 6, an upsetting hammer 7, a connecting rod 8, a stamping rod 9, a die shell 10, a first die 101, a second die 102, a first die cavity 103, a second die cavity 104, a feeding channel 105, a cutting groove 106, a cutter 107, a telescopic oil cylinder 108, a feeding wheel 109, a cutting part 110, a feeding hole 111, a discharging hole 112, a heating furnace 11 and a feeding pipe 12.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "provided" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The structural features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a ball blank processing device for steel ball production comprises an equipment rack 2, wherein the equipment rack 2 is installed on a fixed plate 1, a die shell 10 for ball blank forging is arranged at the head end of the equipment rack 2, and a heating furnace 11 for softening wire rods is arranged on one side of the fixed plate 1 corresponding to the die shell 10; the two sides of the heating furnace 11 are provided with feed pipes 12 for wires to pass through, the feed pipes 12 are coaxial with the feed inlet 111, the feed pipes 12 are internally provided with ceramic heat-insulating rings, the heating furnace 11 can adopt a continuous heating furnace, and the heating temperature is controllable so as to adapt to heating and softening wires with different diameters.

The axial lead of the equipment rack 2 is provided with an upsetting hammer 7 capable of sliding linearly, one end of the upsetting hammer 7 is provided with a linear driving mechanism for driving the upsetting hammer 7 to reciprocate, and the other end of the upsetting hammer 7 is fixedly provided with a stamping rod 9.

Linear drive mechanism includes bent axle 6, connecting rod 8, driving plate 3 and motor 4, motor 4 is by external power supply work, connecting rod 8 is connected on upsetting hammer 7 with rotatory mode through the pivot, the other end is connected on bent axle 6 with the pivoted mode, the axle bed is passed through at bent axle 6's both ends and is fixed in equipment frame 2, the one end of bent axle 6 is equipped with and is used for driving rotatory driving plate 3, driving plate 3 passes through belt 5 and connects on motor 4's output carousel, motor 4 fixed mounting is on fixed plate 1. The motor 4 drives the crankshaft 6 to rotate at a constant speed, the crankshaft 6 drives the upsetting hammer 7 to do reciprocating motion in the equipment rack 2 through the connecting rod 8, and the machining of one ball blank is completed by each reciprocating motion.

The end of the ram 9 remote from the upsetting hammer 7 may extend into the die housing 10. A first die 101 and a second die 102 for upsetting and forming the ball blank are arranged in the die shell 10, the first die 101 is fixedly arranged at the end of the stamping rod 9, and the second die 102 is fixed in the die shell 10 corresponding to the first die 101. A first die cavity 103 and a second die cavity 104 which are of hemispherical groove structures are respectively arranged on the corresponding surfaces of the first die 101 and the second die 102;

the second die 102 is provided with a feeding channel 105 corresponding to the transverse axis of the second die cavity 104, the feeding channel 105 is communicated with the second die cavity 104, and the two sides of the feeding channel 105 are symmetrically provided with a cutting mechanism for cutting the wire rod.

The shearing mechanism comprises a cutting groove 106, a cutting knife 107 and a telescopic oil cylinder 108, wherein the cutting groove 106 penetrates through two sides of the feeding channel 105 in a symmetrical relationship, the cutting knife 107 matched with the feeding channel 105 is arranged in the feeding channel 105, one end, far away from the cutting part 110, of the cutting knife 107 is fixedly arranged at the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder 108, and the telescopic oil cylinder 108 is fixedly arranged on the die shell 10. The cutting edge of the cutting portion 110 is tangent to the second cavity 104, and the cross section of the cutting portion 110 far away from the second cavity 104 is arc-shaped.

A feeding hole 111 is formed in the position, corresponding to the feeding channel 105, of the die shell 10, and a feeding mechanism for quantitatively conveying wires is arranged on one side of the feeding hole 111; the feeding mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged feeding wheels 109, and the two feeding wheels 109 are synchronous counter-rotating wheels and are driven to rotate by a progressive motor.

The discharge port 112 is arranged below the bottom of the die shell 10 corresponding to the forging surface of the second die 102.

According to the processing equipment and the processing technology for producing the ball blank by the steel ball, the wire is softened before the steel ball is formed into the blank, and then the wire is upset and pressed into the blank, so that the requirement on the strength of a steel die is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the soft wire is more favorable for upset forming, the damage to the steel die is reduced, and meanwhile, the forming quality of the ball blank is improved.

Referring to fig. 4-8, for further explanation, the invention further provides a processing technology for producing ball blanks from steel balls, which comprises the following specific steps:

step 1, wire rod pretreatment: softening the wire rod for producing and processing the steel ball by a heating furnace 11;

step 2, feeding: the softened wire rods are sent into the die shell 10 by the feeding mechanism, and when the volume of the wire rods entering between the first die cavity 103 and the second die cavity 104 is the same as the volume of the steel balls to be produced, the feeding is stopped;

step 3, preliminary blanking: the shearing mechanism carries out first-stage material cutting, so that the cutting part 110 of the cutter 107 cuts into the wire rod, and the first-stage material cutting is stopped;

step 4, upsetting and forming: the linear driving mechanism drives the upsetting hammer 7 to continue to reciprocate once, the first die 101 is driven by the stamping rod 9 to stamp the second die 102, and the wire softened between the first die cavity 103 and the second die cavity 104 is enabled to form a spherical blank rapidly according to the spherical die cavity formed by the first die cavity 103 and the second die cavity 104;

step 5, cutting off the spherical blank; after the ball blank is generated, the shearing mechanism cuts materials at the second stage, and completely cuts the formed ball blank and the wire to form the ball blank with a single pole;

step 6, discharging the spherical blank: the feeding mechanism feeds again to process the next ball blank, and the ball blank left in the second die cavity 104 is guided out and falls from the discharge hole 112 while being fed again, and is cooled and collected.

Further, in step 1, the temperature of the heating furnace 11 is controlled at 700-900 ℃.

Further, in step 3, the first stage cutting depth is 2/3 of the diameter of the wire.

Referring to fig. 9-10, fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a ball blank machined by a conventional cold heading device, wherein two ends of the ball blank have poles, and fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a ball blank machined by the process of the present invention, wherein only one end of the ball blank has poles. Therefore, the polishing efficiency of the ball blank can be effectively improved, and meanwhile, the damage to a subsequent grinding machine is also reduced.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.