阅读说明：本技术 一种高峰值功率辐射式水负载及其制作方法 (High-peak-power radiation type water load and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 丁海兵 陆登峰 李伟松 刘楠洋 唐科 肖韧 于 2020-06-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种高峰值功率辐射式水负载及其制作方法,该高峰值功率辐射式水负载包括波导件,波导件包括依次连接的矩形波导、锥形渐变波导和圆波导；陶瓷窗片,设置在圆波导一端面处,且与圆波导同轴设置；以及金属水盖,其通过金属封接件与陶瓷窗片连接,且与陶瓷窗片之间形成密封的水室。本发明借助锥形渐变将矩形波导逐步过渡为圆波导,同时位于圆波导末端的陶瓷窗片与圆波导的轴线垂直,这种结构形式有效降低陶瓷窗片与金属件的配合及封接难度,保证良好的电接触,显著降低了陶瓷窗片及其附近区域的微波功率密度和电场强度,特别是陶瓷窗片与配合底面连接处的电场强度,使得水负载的峰值功率容量明显提高,可达到几兆瓦至几十兆瓦。(A high peak power radiation type water load and its preparation method, the high peak power radiation type water load includes the waveguide piece, the waveguide piece includes rectangular waveguide, tapered gradual change waveguide and round waveguide connected sequentially; the ceramic window piece is arranged at one end face of the circular waveguide and is coaxial with the circular waveguide; and the metal water cover is connected with the ceramic window sheet through a metal sealing piece, and a sealed water chamber is formed between the metal water cover and the ceramic window sheet. The invention gradually transits the rectangular waveguide into the circular waveguide by means of the tapered gradual change, and simultaneously the ceramic window sheet positioned at the tail end of the circular waveguide is vertical to the axis of the circular waveguide, so the structural form effectively reduces the matching and sealing difficulty of the ceramic window sheet and a metal piece, ensures good electric contact, obviously reduces the microwave power density and the electric field intensity of the ceramic window sheet and the nearby area thereof, particularly the electric field intensity of the connecting part of the ceramic window sheet and the matching bottom surface, obviously improves the peak power capacity of water load, and can reach several megawatts to dozens of megawatts.)

1. A radiant water load comprising:

the waveguide comprises a rectangular waveguide, a tapered gradually-changed waveguide and a circular waveguide which are sequentially connected;

the ceramic window piece is arranged at one end face of the circular waveguide and is coaxial with the circular waveguide; and

and the metal water cover is connected with the ceramic window sheet through a metal sealing piece, and forms a sealed water chamber with the ceramic window sheet.

2. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the diameter of the circular waveguide is 1 to 2 times of the diagonal line of the rectangular waveguide.

3. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the metal sealing piece is provided with a centering hole, and the metal water cover is provided with a centering boss matched with the centering hole.

4. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the metal sealing piece comprises a brazing welding edge and an argon arc welding edge;

wherein the brazing welding edge of the metal sealing piece is in brazing connection with the ceramic window sheet;

wherein, the argon arc welding edge of the two metal sealing parts is connected with the metal water cover argon arc welding.

5. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the wave guide further comprises a circular flange for connecting with a metal water cover;

the circular flange is connected with a water cover flange arranged on the metal water cover;

wherein, the circular flange is fixed with the water cover flange through a fastener.

6. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the radiant water load further comprises a metal pad;

the metal pad is arranged between the circular waveguide and the metal water cover;

wherein, be equipped with the metal pad recess that is used for placing the metal pad on the metal water lid.

7. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the waveguide further comprises a pane fitting hole for placing a ceramic pane;

wherein the window piece matching hole is coaxial with the circular waveguide.

8. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

the waveguide further comprises a waveguide flange for realizing connection of the radiation type water load and an external device; the waveguide flange is arranged at one end of the radiation type water load and is connected with the rectangular waveguide.

9. A radiant water load as claimed in claim 1,

and the metal water cover is provided with a water outlet nozzle and a water inlet nozzle.

10. A method of making a radiant water load as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

matching the brazing welding edge of the metal sealing piece with the ceramic window sheet, and performing brazing connection to form a window sheet assembly;

trimming the outer circle of the metal sealing piece by taking the centering hole of the metal sealing piece as a reference;

and aligning the argon arc welding edge of the metal sealing piece with the argon arc welding edge on the metal water cover and implementing argon arc welding connection by taking the centering hole of the metal sealing piece and the centering boss of the metal water cover as matching references.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of microwave water loads, in particular to a high-peak-power radiation type water load and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The electron accelerator has important application in the fields of medical treatment, industrial irradiation, large scientific devices and the like, and the high peak power microwave source is used as an important component of the electron accelerator, so that a great deal of demand exists. At present, the peak power of the high peak power microwave source is generally several megawatts to several tens of megawatts, the average power is generally several tens of kilowatts, and during the output power test, a water load is required to be used as a dummy load to absorb the high peak and high average power output by the microwave source.

Common water loads are classified as absorptive and radiative. Currently, absorption water load is generally used in the high peak power microwave source test. The water load uses a special-shaped glass tube as a water chamber, and the special-shaped glass tube is inserted into the waveguide to absorb microwave power. Although the matching performance is good and the peak capacity is high, the defects that the glass tube is easy to break, the joint is easy to leak water, the whole size is large and the like exist. The radiation type water load adopts a ceramic window sheet which is not easy to break and a metal water cover to form a water chamber, and the water chamber is arranged at the tail end of the output waveguide to absorb microwave power.

Currently, during high peak power microwave source testing, radiative water loads are rarely used, which is closely related to the structure of existing radiative water loads. In the existing radiation type water load, a certain included angle is formed between a ceramic window and the central axis of a waveguide, and the included angle is generally 22.5 degrees, as shown in figure 1. The inclined design can make the electromagnetic wave incident to the surface of the ceramic window sheet 200 reflected back and forth between the ceramic surface and the wide edge of the waveguide, so that the microwave completely enters the water chamber and is absorbed by water, and the matching characteristic and the power capacity of the water load are greatly improved. However, the inclined design also makes the mating bottom surface of the ceramic window piece 200 have an inclined structure, the electric field at the peak of the inclined structure (points E and F in fig. 1) is concentrated, and the electric field intensity at point E is the highest, so that high-frequency sparking is easy to occur during a high peak power test of several megawatts, which affects the normal use of the ceramic window piece.

Secondly, the conventional radiant water load is generally designed with a rubber ring 500 between the ceramic louver 200 and the metal water cover 400, and the rubber ring 500 is clamped to achieve sealing therebetween, thereby forming a sealed water chamber 300, as shown in fig. 1. In practical operation, the rubber ring 500 is difficult to be pressed into the sealing groove completely, so that a gap is difficult to avoid between the ceramic window piece 200 and the metal water cover 400, the electrical contact between the ceramic window piece and the metal water cover is poor, and high-frequency ignition and even burning of the rubber ring 500 are easy to occur during high peak power test, so that water leakage is caused. In addition, in special use environments such as irradiation, the rubber ring is easy to age and damage, and the service performance and the service life of water load are limited.

Aiming at the defects of the existing radiation type water load, the invention provides the radiation type water load with high peak power, which can bear the peak power of several megawatts to dozens of megawatts, avoids the use of a rubber ring, has more reliable structure and higher bearable peak power, and can be used in special environments such as irradiation and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore one of the primary objectives of the claimed invention to provide a high peak power radiation-type water load and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

To achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiant water load comprising:

the waveguide comprises a rectangular waveguide, a tapered gradually-changed waveguide and a circular waveguide which are sequentially connected;

the ceramic window piece is arranged at one end face of the circular waveguide and is coaxial with the circular waveguide; and

and the metal water cover is connected with the ceramic window sheet through a metal sealing piece, and forms a sealed water chamber with the ceramic window sheet.

As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method of making a radiant water load as described above, comprising:

matching the brazing welding edge of the metal sealing piece with the ceramic window sheet, and performing brazing connection to form a window sheet assembly;

trimming the outer circle of the metal sealing piece by taking the centering hole of the metal sealing piece as a reference;

and aligning the argon arc welding edge of the metal sealing piece with the argon arc welding edge on the metal water cover and implementing argon arc welding connection by taking the centering hole of the metal sealing piece and the centering boss of the metal water cover as matching references.

Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the radiation type water load and the manufacturing method thereof have at least one of the following advantages:

1. the radiation type water load in the invention gradually transits the rectangular waveguide into the circular waveguide by means of tapered gradual change, and simultaneously the ceramic window sheet positioned at the tail end of the circular waveguide is vertical to the axis of the circular waveguide, so that the structural form not only can effectively reduce the matching and sealing difficulty of the ceramic window sheet and a metal piece and ensure good electric contact, but also can obviously reduce the microwave power density and the electric field intensity of the ceramic window sheet and the nearby area, particularly the electric field intensity of the connecting part of the ceramic window sheet and the matching bottom surface, so that the peak power capacity of the water load is obviously improved and can reach several megawatts to dozens of megawatts;

2. according to the invention, the water chamber sealing of the water load is realized by virtue of soldering and argon arc welding sealing connection, and the gas sealing is realized by virtue of clamping a metal gasket, so that the sealing of water, gas and electromagnetism can be effectively ensured, the use of a rubber ring is avoided, the reliability of the water load in a high-peak power test is improved, and the water load can be used in special environments such as irradiation and the like; meanwhile, the water chamber component is prepared by three links, so that the finished product rate of the water chamber component and the water load can be effectively improved; the water load can be repaired conveniently, and the maintenance cost is reduced;

3. in the test of the high-power klystron which is actually used for industrial irradiation, the developed S-band high-peak-power radiation type water load can bear the microwave test of 5MW peak power and 45kW average power, and the work is stable and reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional radial water load configuration;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high peak power radiant water load in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 2.

Description of reference numerals:

detailed description of the preferred embodiments:

1-waveguide piece, 11-waveguide flange, 12-rectangular waveguide, 13-tapered waveguide, 14-circular waveguide, 15-window matching hole, 16-circular flange, 2-ceramic window, 3-metal sealing piece, 31-brazing welding edge, 32-argon arc welding edge and 33-centering hole; 4-metal pad, 5-fastener, 6-metal water cover, 61-centering boss, 62-water cover welding edge, 63-metal pad groove, 64-water cover flange, 65-water outlet nozzle, 66-water inlet nozzle and 7-water chamber.