阅读说明：本技术 包含香料的水溶性单位剂量制品 (Water-soluble unit dose articles comprising perfume ) 是由 M·R·斯维克 T·A·比勒 弗兰克·威廉·德诺姆 于 2019-01-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本文描述一种家居护理组合物,其以包含水溶性纤维结构和包封的香料组合物的水溶性单位剂量制品的形式将活性剂递送到织物上,以及制造所述制品的方法和使用所述制品处理织物的方法。(Described herein are home care compositions which deliver active agents to fabrics in the form of water-soluble unit dose articles comprising a water-soluble fibrous structure and an encapsulated perfume composition, as well as methods of making and methods of treating fabrics using the articles.)

1. A water-soluble unit dose article comprising a first ply of water-soluble fiber superposed on a second ply of water-soluble fiber, wherein an encapsulated perfume composition is positioned between the superposed plies, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article comprises from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the encapsulated perfume.

2. Water-soluble unit dose articlesSaid article comprising a first ply of water-soluble fiber superposed on a second ply of water-soluble fiber, wherein an encapsulated perfume composition is positioned between the superposed plies, wherein when exposed to 1s^-1The encapsulated perfume composition has a viscosity of from about 4Pa-s to about 200Pa-s, as measured according to the shear viscosity test method described herein, when measured at 20 ℃.

3. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article has less than about 15 wt% water.

4. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article is substantially free of water.

5. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first layer comprises at least two layers, a first layer and a second layer, the first layer facing the second layer, wherein the second ply comprises at least two layers, a third layer and a fourth layer, the third layer facing the fourth layer, wherein the first layer is oriented toward the first ply belt side and the second layer is oriented toward the first ply air side, wherein the first ply air side is opposite the first ply belt side, wherein the third layer is oriented toward the second ply belt side and the fourth layer is oriented toward the second ply air side, wherein the second ply air side is opposite the second ply belt side, wherein the first ply belt side and the second ply belt side face away from each other, and wherein the encapsulated perfume composition is positioned between the second layer and the fourth layer.

6. The water-soluble unit dose article according to claim 11, wherein said first layer and said third layer are substantially free of said encapsulated perfume composition.

7. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article further comprises a plurality of particles, at least one of the particles preferably comprising an active agent selected from the group consisting of: surfactants, structurants, builders, polymeric dispersants, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, bleach systems, brighteners, hueing agents, chelants, suds suppressors, conditioners, humectants, perfumes, perfume microcapsules, fillers or carriers, alkalinity systems, pH control systems, buffering agents, alkanolamines, mosquito repellents, and mixtures thereof.

8. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article has a basis weight of from about 500g/m2 to about 5,000g/m2, as measured according to the basis weight test method described herein.

9. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article has a width of from about 1cm to about 11 cm; a length of about 1cm to about 20 cm; and a height of about 0.01mm to about 50 mm.

10. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article further comprises a third ply, wherein the first, second and third plies are superposed on each other such that the third ply is located between the first and second plies.

11. The water-soluble unit dose article according to claim 16, wherein the encapsulated perfume composition is positioned between the third ply and the first ply and/or between the third ply and the second ply.

12. The water-soluble unit dose article according to claim 16, wherein the third ply comprises at least two layers, a fifth layer and a sixth layer, the fifth layer facing the sixth layer, wherein the third ply has a third ply tape side and a third ply air side opposite the third ply tape side, wherein the fifth layer is oriented toward the third ply tape side and the sixth layer is oriented toward the third ply air side, wherein the third ply air side is opposite the third ply tape side.

13. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein when consumed in 10s^-1The encapsulated perfume composition has a viscosity of from about 1Pa-s to about 25Pa-s, as measured according to the shear viscosity test method described herein, when measured at 20 ℃.

14. The water-soluble unit dose article according to any preceding claim, wherein the encapsulated perfume composition penetrates less than about 20% of any individual ply.

15. A method for manufacturing a water-soluble unit dose article, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a first ply of water-soluble fibers;

providing a second ply of water-soluble fibers, preferably formed on a surface other than the first ply, wherein the second ply is separate from the first ply;

providing an encapsulated perfume composition according to any of the preceding claims; placing the encapsulated perfume composition on one or both of the first and second plies;

stacking the first and second plies such that the encapsulated perfume composition is located between the first and second plies; and

joining a first portion of the first ply to a second portion of the second ply to form the water-soluble unit dose article.

Technical Field

Described herein are home care compositions that deliver active agents to fabrics in the form of water-soluble unit dose articles comprising water-soluble fibrous structures and encapsulated perfume, as well as methods of making and methods of treating fabrics using the articles.

Background

Water-soluble unit dose articles are desired by consumers because they provide a convenient, effective and clean way to dose a fabric or hard surface treatment composition. The water-soluble unit dose article provides a measured dose of the treatment composition, thereby avoiding excess or deficiency amounts. Fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles are of increasing consumer interest. The technology associated with these articles continues to advance in providing the desired active agents and articles, enabling consumers to accomplish the work they wish to accomplish.

Consumers demand fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles that perform as well as or better than traditional forms of fabric treatment compositions such as liquids, powders, and unit dose articles composed of water-soluble films. Consumers also desire fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles that deliver a fresh or clean scent to laundered garments, with a fresh scent being a signal for efficacy. Specifically, the consumer can smell the fibrous water-soluble unit dose article (at home or in a store), enjoy the scent, and form the following expectations: fabrics treated with this product will have a similar strong fragrance both after the laundry washing process and after the drying process. However, after using the fibrous water-soluble unit dose article, when the consumer removes his or her clothes from the wash liquor, he or she may notice that the fragrance of the clothes is not as strong as the fibrous water-soluble unit dose article itself. Then after drying the laundry, the consumer may notice that the fragrance of the laundry is even weaker. Thus, consumer expectations are not met. Sometimes, even when consumers use a variety of products such as fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles plus fabric softeners (with the same fragrance) plus in-wash fragrance additives (with the same fragrance), the consumer expectations have not been met.

It is believed that whether the fabric care product is a laundry detergent, fabric softener or in-wash fragrance additive, a portion of the perfume in the product may not deposit on the fabric, but may instead drain with the remaining wash liquor at the end of the wash. Thereafter, perfume that is not deposited on the fabric may disappear as the laundry undergoes drying, especially if the drying process adds heat. One approach that has been attempted by formulators to address the problem of poor fragrance deposition and retention is to add more perfume to fabric care products. However, perfumes (e.g., neat oils) and/or encapsulated perfumes can be unstable when placed with other liquid ingredients, for example, in a liquid detergent. Furthermore, there may be limitations on how much perfume and/or encapsulated perfume can be added to a water-soluble solid matrix (e.g., a fibrous ply in a fibrous water-soluble unit dose article) without causing leakage or premature dissolution of the matrix.

In view of the above, there remains an ongoing unaddressed need for fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles that meet the following expectations of consumers: fabrics treated with this product will have a similar strong fragrance both after the laundry washing process and after the drying process.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure relates to a water-soluble unit dose article comprising a first water-soluble fiber ply superposed on a second water-soluble fiber ply, wherein an encapsulated perfume is positioned between the superposed plies, wherein the water-soluble unit dose article comprises from about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt% of the encapsulated perfume.

The present disclosure also relates to a water-soluble unit dose article comprising a first water-soluble fiber ply superposed on a second water-soluble fiber ply, wherein encapsulated perfume is positioned between the superposed plies, whichWhen the amount is 1s^-1The encapsulated perfume has a viscosity of from about 4Pa-s to about 200Pa-s, as determined according to the shear viscosity test method described herein, when measured at 20 ℃.

The present disclosure also relates to a process for making a water-soluble unit dose article, the process comprising the steps of: providing a first water-soluble fiber ply; providing a second ply of water-soluble fibers, preferably formed on a surface other than the first ply, wherein the second ply is separate from the first ply; providing an encapsulated perfume as described herein; placing the encapsulated perfume on one or both of the first and second plies; stacking the first and second plies such that the encapsulated perfume is located between the first and second plies; and joining a first portion of the first ply to a second portion of the second ply to form the water-soluble unit dose article.

The present disclosure also relates to a method of laundering using an article according to the present invention, comprising the steps of: at least one article according to the invention is placed in a washing machine together with the laundry to be washed and the steps of washing or cleaning operation are carried out.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a product.

Fig. 2 is a first ply having a first layer and a second layer.

Fig. 3 is a production line for making a ply of material.

Fig. 4 is a second ply joined to a first ply to form a product.

Fig. 5 is a production line for making a two-layer sheet product.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a two-layer sheet product.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a two-ply product, each ply being a multi-ply.

Fig. 8 is a production line for making a three-ply product.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a three-ply product, each ply being a multi-ply.

Detailed Description

Definition of

The features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, which includes examples intended to give a broad representation of the invention. Various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this description and from practice of the invention. The scope is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, and the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

As used herein, the terms "product" and "article" are used interchangeably.

As used herein, articles including "the", "a", and "an" when used in a claim or specification are understood to mean one or more of what is claimed or described.

As used herein, "active agent" or "home care active agent" or "fabric care active agent" refers to any ingredient that can provide a benefit to one or more fabrics, either directly or indirectly. Non-limiting examples of benefits and/or improvements to fabrics include cleaning (e.g., by surfactants), stain removal, stain reduction, de-wrinkling, color restoration, static control, anti-wrinkling, durable press, wear reduction, abrasion resistance, pill removal, anti-pilling, soil release, scale control (including soil release), shape retention, shrinkage reduction, softness, aroma, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-odor, and odor removal.

As used herein, the term "discrete" refers to particles that are structurally different from one another under the naked eye or under an electron imaging device, such as a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Preferably, the discrete particles of the present invention differ from each other in structure under the unaided human eye.

The terms "fibrous element" and "filament" are used interchangeably herein to refer to elongated particles having a length that substantially exceeds their average cross-sectional diameter (i.e., a length to diameter aspect ratio of at least 10:1), and preferably such elongated particles have an average cross-sectional diameter of no more than 1 mm.

As used herein, the "hydrophilicity index" or "HI" of a surfactant is calculated by the following equation:

wherein M is_hIs the molecular weight of all hydrophilic groups in the surfactant, where M_TIs the total molecular weight of the surfactant. M_hAnd M_TAll refer to weight average molecular weight. For example, a linear alkylbenzene sulfonate having an average alkyl chain length of about 11.8 has an HI value of about 4.97. Also for example, C₁₂-C₁₄The alkyl sulfate salt has an HI value of about 6.98. As another example, C having an average degree of ethoxylation of about 1₁₂-C₁₄The alkyl ethoxylated sulfate has an HI of about 8.78 and a C average degree of ethoxylation of about 3₁₂-C₁₄The alkyl ethoxylated sulfate had an HI value of about 11.57. Also for example, C having an average degree of ethoxylation of about 7₁₄-C₁₅The alkyl ethoxylated alcohol has an HI of about 12.73 and a C with an average degree of ethoxylation of about 9₁₂-C₁₄The alkyl ethoxylated alcohol has an HI value of about 14.72.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," and "containing" are intended to be non-limiting.

As used herein, the term "particle" refers to a minute amount of a solid substance, such as a powder, granule, encapsulate, microcapsule, and/or microparticle. The particles of the invention may be regularly or irregularly shaped spheres, rods, plates, tubes, squares, rectangles, discs, stars or flakes, but they are non-fibrous.

As used herein, the term "substantially free of or" substantially free of "refers to the complete absence of an ingredient or a minimal amount of an ingredient that is merely an impurity or an unexpected byproduct of another ingredient. A composition that is "substantially free" of components means that the composition comprises less than about 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1%, 0.05% or 0.01%, or even 0% of components by weight of the composition.

As used herein, the term "unitary" refers to a structure comprising a plurality of distinct portions that combine to form a visually coherent and structurally complete article.

As used herein, the term "water soluble" refers to the ability of a sample material of at least about 25 grams, preferably at least about 50 grams, more preferably at least about 100 grams, and most preferably at least about 150 grams, to be completely dissolved or dispersed in water without leaving visible solids or forming a distinct separate phase when such material is placed in one liter (1L) of deionized water at 20 ℃ and thoroughly stirred at atmospheric pressure. In other words, the unit dose article or the fibrous element is capable of forming a homogeneous solution with water at ambient conditions. As used herein, "ambient conditions" means 23 ℃ ± 1.0 ℃ and a relative humidity of 50% ± 2%. The water-soluble unit dose article 1 is a unitary product which is removed from the packaging of the unit dose article 1 and placed in a washing machine by the consumer.

As used herein, the phrases "fabric care composition" and "fabric care product" include compositions and formulations designed to treat fabric. Such compositions include, but are not limited to, laundry cleaning compositions and detergents, fabric softening compositions, fabric enhancing compositions, fabric freshening compositions, laundry pre-washes, laundry pre-treatments, laundry additives, spray-on products, dry washes or compositions, laundry rinse additives, wash additives, post-rinse fabric treatments, ironing aids, unit dose formulations, delayed delivery formulations, detergents contained on or in a porous substrate or nonwoven sheet, and other suitable forms apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. Such compositions may be used as laundry pre-treatment agents, laundry post-treatment agents, or may be added during the rinse cycle or wash cycle of a laundry washing operation.

It should be understood that the term "comprising" also includes embodiments in which the term "comprises" means "consisting of … …" or "consisting essentially of … …".

In this specification, all concentrations and ratios are based on the weight of the composition, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures herein are in degrees Celsius (. degree. C.) unless otherwise indicated. All conditions herein are at 20 ℃ and atmospheric pressure unless otherwise specifically indicated. All molecular weights are determined as weight average molecular weights unless otherwise specifically indicated.

It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given throughout this specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given throughout this specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.

A water-soluble unit dose article 5 is shown in figure 1. The water-soluble unit dose article 5 may comprise a first water-soluble fiber ply 10 and a second water-soluble fiber ply 15 superposed with respect to each other. The first ply 10 and the second ply 15 are joined to each other to form the unitary water-soluble unit dose article 5. The water-soluble unit dose article 5 may have a mass of from about 50mg to about 30g, optionally from about 100mg to about 20g, optionally from about 1g to about 20 g. The water-soluble unit dose article 5 may have a length and width of from about 5mm to about 20cm, optionally from about 1cm to about 10cm, and a thickness of from about 1mm to about 2cm, optionally from about 2mm to about 10 mm.

With respect to the types of water-soluble fiber plies described herein, it can be challenging to make individual plies that are sufficiently rigid so as not to be soft when the product is used by a consumer. The water-soluble unit dose article may have a height of between about 1cm²And about 100cm²The planar area in between. The stiffness of the fiber plies may be a function of: the thickness of the ply, the strength and stiffness of the individual fibers making up the ply, the amount of interfiber bonding, the degree and nature of fiber entanglement, and the strength of the interfiber bonding. With respect to the fibers comprising the fibrous plies discussed herein, it can be difficult to provide a sufficiently thick ply having sufficiently strong and rigid water-soluble fibers that are sufficiently coherent and entangled with each other in the desired configuration andare bonded to each other such that the plies made from such fibers are not soft under their own weight.

Providing a multi-layer sheet water-soluble unit dose article 5 can help overcome these limitations. The increased thickness of the water-soluble unit dose article achieved by layering and joining the plies provides higher stiffness against in-plane bending due to the increased moment of inertia about the bending axis. Such articles 5 are not as soft as the thinner single-ply articles. Furthermore, the increased thickness of such articles 5 makes it easier for consumers to grasp and hold them. Further, the multi-layer sheet article 5 provides a location within the article where an active agent, such as a fragrance, can be placed so that the consumer does not come into contact with the active agent.

The plies of the water-soluble unit dose article 5 can be viewed hierarchically starting from the form in which the consumer interacts with the water-soluble article 5 and working backwards to the raw materials from which the plies are made.

I. Fiber sheet

A. Fiber structure

The fiber plies may be a fiber structure. The fibrous structure comprises one or more fibrous elements. The fiber elements may be associated with one another to form a structure. The fibrous structure may comprise particles within and/or on the structure. The fibrous structure may be uniform, layered, monolithic, zoned, or, if desired, have different active agents defining the various portions described above.

The fibrous structure may comprise one or more layers which together form a ply. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the first ply 10 may include a first layer 20 and a second layer 25. First layer 20 and second layer 25 may include a plurality of fiber elements 30. The first ply 10 may comprise a plurality of particles at a location selected from: first layer 20, second layer 25, between first layer 20 and second layer 25, and combinations thereof. A ply having a plurality of layers may be formed by depositing a plurality of fibrous elements 30 having a distinctive feature to form a first layer 20, and then depositing a second layer 25 of fibrous elements 30 on top of the first layer 20. For clarity, for multilayer plies, there may be a blend of the fibers making up the layers. Again, for clarity, there may be a blend of the fibers making up the plies.

The fiber structure may include a plurality of fiber elements 30 that are identical or substantially identical from a compositional standpoint. Optionally, the fibrous structure may comprise two or more different fibrous elements 30. Non-limiting examples of differences in the fibrous elements 30 may be physical differences such as differences in diameter, length, texture, shape, stiffness, elasticity, etc.; chemical differences such as level of crosslinking, solubility, melting point, glass transition temperature, active agent, filament-forming material, color, active agent level, basis weight, filament-forming material level, presence of any coating on the fibrous element, whether biodegradable, whether hydrophobic, contact angle, and the like; whether the difference in the physical structure of fibrous element 30 is lost when exposed to conditions of intended use; a difference in whether the fibrous element 30 changes morphology when the fibrous element 30 is exposed to conditions of intended use; and the difference in the rate at which the fibrous element 30 releases one or more of its active agents when the fibrous element 30 is exposed to conditions of intended use. In one example, two or more of the fibrous elements 30 and/or particles in the fibrous structure can comprise different active agents.

The fibrous structure may exhibit differential regions such as basis weight, density and/or thickness, surface texture, pattern of fibrous structures, embossed pattern, pores in a pattern, and the like.

Non-limiting examples of uses for the fibrous structures of the present invention include, but are not limited to, household care compositions, including fabric care compositions.

The fibrous structures of the present invention may be used as is or may be coated with one or more active agents.

B. Fiber element

Fibrous element 30 may be water soluble. Fibrous element 30 may comprise a constituent material selected from the group consisting of one or more filament-forming materials, one or more active agents, and combinations thereof. The active agent may be released from the fibrous element 30, such as when the fibrous element 30 and/or fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element 30 is exposed to conditions of intended use.

The fibrous element may comprise from about 5% to about 100% by weight of one or more filament-forming materials, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure. The fibrous element may comprise from about 5% to about 100% by weight, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure, of one or more filament-forming materials and from about 5% to about 95% by weight, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure, of one or more active agents.

The fibrous element may comprise, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure, greater than about 50% by weight of one or more filament-forming materials, and less than about 50% by weight of one or more active agents, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure.

The fibrous element may comprise less than about 50% by weight of one or more filament-forming materials, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure, and more than about 50% by weight of one or more active agents, based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure.

The fibrous element 30 comprises one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents that are releasable and/or released when the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element is exposed to conditions of intended use, the active agent being selected from the group consisting of: enzymes, bleaches, builders, chelating agents, sensates, dispersants, perfumes, antimicrobials, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, and mixtures thereof.

The fiber elements 30 may be meltblown fiber elements 30, spunbond fiber elements 30, hollow fiber elements 30, or the like. Fibrous elements 30 may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Fibrous elements 30 may be surface treated and/or internally treated to alter the inherent hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties of the fibrous element. Fibrous element 30 may have a diameter of less than about 100 μm, and/or less than about 75 μm, and/or less than about 50 μm, and/or less than about 25 μm, and/or less than about 10 μm, and/or less than about 5 μm, and/or less than about 1 μm, as measured according to the diameter test method described herein. According to the diameter test method described herein, fibrous element 30 can have a diameter of about 1 μm to about 500 μm, optionally about 1 μm to about 100 μm, optionally about 1 μm to about 50 μm, optionally about 1 μm to about 30 μm, optionally about 5 μm to about 15 μm, optionally about 7 μm to about 15 μm. Fibrous element 30 may have a diameter of greater than about 1 μm as measured according to the diameter test method described herein. The smaller the diameter, the faster the release rate of the active agent, and the faster the loss and or rate of change of the physical structure of the fibrous element 30.

The fibrous element 30 may comprise an active agent within the fibrous element and an active agent on the outer surface of the fibrous element 30, such as an active agent coating on the fibrous element 30. The active agent on the outer surface of the fibrous element 30 may be the same as or different from the active agent present in the fibrous element 30. If different, the active agents may or may not be compatible with each other.

The one or more active agents may be uniformly distributed or substantially uniformly distributed throughout fibrous element 30. The active agent may be distributed as discrete regions within the fibrous element 30. At least one active agent may be uniformly or substantially uniformly distributed throughout the fibrous element 30, and at least one other active agent is distributed as one or more discrete regions within the fibrous element 30. Optionally, at least one active agent is distributed as one or more discrete regions within the fibrous element 30 and at least one other active agent is distributed as one or more discrete regions that are different from the first discrete region within the fibrous element 30.

C. Filament-forming material

The filament-forming material is any suitable material, such as a polymer or a monomer capable of producing a polymer, that exhibits properties suitable for use in producing filaments, such as by a spinning process. The filament-forming material may comprise polar solvent-soluble materials, such as alcohol-soluble materials and/or water-soluble materials, which may be beneficial for product applications including the use of water.

The filament-forming material may comprise a non-polar solvent soluble material.

The filament-forming material may comprise water-soluble material and be free (less than 5 wt.%, and/or less than 3 wt.%, and/or less than 1 wt.%, and/or 0 wt.% based on the dry fibrous element and/or dry fibrous structure) of water-insoluble material.

The filament-forming material may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polymers derived from acrylic monomers such as ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers and ethylenically unsaturated monomers, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formamide, polyvinyl amine, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, copolymers of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyalkylene oxides, starch and starch derivatives, pullulan, gelatin, and cellulose derivatives (e.g., hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose).

The filament-forming material may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, starch derivatives, cellulose derivatives, hemicellulose derivatives, proteins, sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol, tetramethylene ether glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.

The filament-forming material may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of: pullulan, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, tragacanth gum, guar gum, acacia gum, arabic gum, polyacrylic acid, methylmethacrylate copolymer, carboxyvinyl polymer, dextrin, pectin, chitin, levan, elsinan (elsinan), collagen, gelatin, zein, gluten, soy protein, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxylated polyvinyl alcohol, sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol, starch derivatives, hemicellulose derivatives, proteins, chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol, tetramethylene ether glycol, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof.

1. Water-soluble material

Non-limiting examples of water-soluble materials include water-soluble polymers. The water-soluble polymers may be of synthetic or natural origin and may be chemically and/or physically modified.

Non-limiting examples of water-soluble polymers include water-soluble hydroxyl polymers, water-soluble thermoplastic polymers, water-soluble biodegradable polymers, water-soluble non-biodegradable polymers, and mixtures thereof. The water soluble polymer may comprise polyvinyl alcohol. In another example, the water-soluble polymer may comprise starch. The water soluble polymer may comprise polyvinyl alcohol and starch. The water soluble polymer may comprise carboxymethyl cellulose. The polymer may comprise carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol.

a. Water-soluble hydroxyl polymer

Non-limiting examples of water-soluble hydroxyl polymers according to the present invention may be selected from polyols such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol copolymers, starch derivatives, starch copolymers, chitosan derivatives, chitosan copolymers, cellulose derivatives such as cellulose ether and cellulose ester derivatives, cellulose copolymers, hemicellulose derivatives, hemicellulose copolymers, gums, arabinans, galactans, proteins, carboxymethylcellulose, and various other polysaccharides and mixtures thereof.

The polyvinyl alcohols herein may be grafted with other monomers to alter their properties. A number of monomers have been successfully grafted onto polyvinyl alcohol. Non-limiting examples of such monomers include vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylamide, acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, 1, 3-butadiene, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, sodium vinyl sulfonate, sodium allyl sulfonate, sodium methallyl sulfonate, sodium phenyl allyl ether sulfonate, sodium phenyl methallyl ether sulfonate, 2-acrylamide-methylpropanesulfonic Acid (AMP), vinylidene chloride, vinyl amine, and various acrylates.

In one example, the water-soluble hydroxyl polymer is selected from: polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of suitable polyvinyl alcohols include those commercially available from water logging (usa) Specialty Chemicals America, LLC (Dallas, Tex.) under the trade name CELVOL (registered trademark). Another non-limiting example of a suitable polyvinyl alcohol includes the G polymer commercially available from Nippon Ghosei. Non-limiting examples of suitable hydroxypropyl methylcellulose include those commercially available from Dow Chemical Company (Midland, Mich.) under the trade name METHOCEL (registered trademark), including combinations with the polyvinyl alcohols mentioned above.

b. Water-soluble thermoplastic polymers

Non-limiting examples of suitable water-soluble thermoplastic polymers include thermoplastic starch and/or starch derivatives, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polycaprolactones, polyesteramides and certain polyesters, and mixtures thereof. The water soluble thermoplastic polymer may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. The water-soluble thermoplastic polymer may be surface treated and/or internally treated to alter the inherent hydrophilic or hydrophobic character of the thermoplastic polymer. The water soluble thermoplastic polymer may comprise a biodegradable polymer. Any suitable weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic polymer may be used. For example, the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic polymer according to the invention may be greater than about 10,000g/mol, and/or greater than about 40,000g/mol, and/or greater than about 50,000g/mol, and/or less than about 500,000g/mol, and/or less than about 400,000g/mol, and/or less than about 200,000 g/mol.

D. Filament-forming composition

The fibrous element 30 of the present invention is made from a filament-forming composition. The filament-forming composition may be a polar solvent-based composition. In one example, the filament-forming composition is an aqueous composition comprising one or more filament-forming materials and one or more active agents.

The filament-forming composition of the present invention can have a shear viscosity of from about 1 pascal-second to about 25 pascal-seconds, and/or from about 2 pascal-seconds to about 20 pascal-seconds, and/or from about 3 pascal-seconds to about 10 pascal-seconds, as measured according to the shear viscosity test method described herein, as measured at a shear rate of 3,000 sec "1 and a processing temperature (50 degrees celsius to 100 degrees celsius). When the fibrous element 30 is prepared from a filament-forming composition, the filament-forming composition may be processed at a temperature of from about 25 degrees celsius to about 100 degrees celsius, and/or from about 65 degrees celsius to about 95 degrees celsius, and/or from about 70 degrees celsius to about 90 degrees celsius.

In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise at least 20%, and/or at least 30%, and/or at least 40%, and/or at least 45%, and/or at least 50% to about 90%, and/or to about 85%, and/or to about 80%, and/or to about 75% by weight of one or more filament-forming materials, one or more active agents, and mixtures thereof. The filament-forming composition may comprise from about 10 wt% to about 80 wt% of a polar solvent, such as water.

In a fiber element spinning process, the fiber element 30 needs to have initial stability as it exits the spinning die. Capillary number was used to characterize this initial stability criterion. The capillary number may be from about 0.5 to about 10, at least 1 and/or at least 3 and/or at least 4 and/or at least 5 under the conditions of the die.

In one example, the filament-forming composition exhibits a capillary number of from about 1 to about 50 and/or from about 3 to about 50 and/or from about 5 to about 30, such that the filament-forming material can be efficiently polymer processed into a fibrous element.

As used herein, "polymer processing" refers to any spinning operation and/or spinning process whereby a fibrous element comprising a treated filament-forming material is formed from a filament-forming composition. The spinning operations and/or processes may include spunbond, meltblown, electrospinning, rotary spinning, continuous filament production, and/or tow fiber production operations/processes. As used herein, "treated filament-forming material" refers to any filament-forming material that has undergone a melt processing operation and subsequent polymer processing operations to produce a fibrous element.

The capillary number is a dimensionless number used to characterize the likelihood of such droplet breakup. A larger capillary number indicates greater stability of the fluid as it exits the die. Number of capillaries c_aThe definition is as follows:

where V is the average fluid velocity at the die exit (in length/time), η is the fluid viscosity at the die exit (in mass/length time), and the surface tension of the fluid (in mass/time)²)。

In one example, the filament-forming composition may comprise one or more release agents and/or lubricants. Non-limiting examples of suitable release agents and/or lubricants include fatty acids, fatty acid salts, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, sulfonated fatty acid esters, acetic acid fatty amines and fatty acid amides, silicones, aminosilicones, fluoropolymers, and mixtures thereof.

In one example, the filament-forming composition may include one or more anti-blocking agents and/or anti-blocking agents. Non-limiting examples of suitable antiblocking and/or antiblocking agents include starch, modified starch, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, metal oxides, calcium carbonate, talc and mica.

The active agent of the present invention may be added to the filament-forming composition before and/or during the formation of the fibrous element, and/or may be added to the fibrous element after the formation of the fibrous element. For example, after forming a fibrous element and/or fibrous structure according to the present invention, a perfume active agent may be applied to the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element. In another example, the enzymatic active agent may be applied to the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element after forming the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure according to the present invention. In another example, after forming a fibrous element and/or fibrous structure according to the present disclosure, one or more particles may be applied to the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element, which particles may not be suitable for passing through a spinning process used to prepare the fibrous element.

E. Extension aid

In one example, the fibrous element comprises an extension aid. Non-limiting examples of extension aids can include polymers, other extension aids, and combinations thereof. High molecular weight extension aids may be used because of their ability to increase the extension melt viscosity and reduce melt fracture.

When used in a melt blowing process, an effective amount of a stretching aid is added to the composition of the present invention to visually reduce melt fracture and capillary breakup of the fibers during the spinning process, enabling substantially continuous fibers of relatively consistent diameter to be melt spun. In one example, the extension aid can be present at about 0.001 wt.% to about 10 wt.% on a dry fibrous element basis and/or on a dry particle basis and/or on a fibrous structure basis, and in another example at about 0.005 wt.% to about 5 wt.% on a dry fibrous element basis and/or on a dry particle basis and/or on a fibrous structure basis, in yet another example at about 0.01 wt.% to about 1 wt.% on a dry fibrous element basis and/or on a dry particle basis and/or on a fibrous structure basis, and in another example at about 0.05 wt.% to about 0.5 wt.% on a dry fibrous element basis and/or on a dry particle basis and/or on a fibrous structure basis.

Non-limiting examples of polymers that may be used as a spreading aid may include alginates, carrageenans, pectins, chitin, guar gum, gum tragacanth, agar, gum acacia, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, locust bean gum, alkyl celluloses, hydroxyalkyl celluloses, carboxyalkyl celluloses, and mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of other stretching aids may include modified and unmodified polyacrylamides, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene imine, polyamides, polyalkylene oxides including polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyethylene propylene oxide, and mixtures thereof.

F. Method for producing fiber elements and plies

The fibrous element 30 and plies may be prepared by any suitable method. A non-limiting example of a suitable process for making plies and a continuous ply web is shown in fig. 3. A solution of the filament-forming composition 35 is provided. The filament-forming composition may comprise one or more filament-forming materials and optionally one or more active agents. The filament-forming composition 35 is passed through one or more module assemblies 40 comprising a plurality of spinnerets 45 to form a plurality of fibrous elements 30, the plurality of fibrous elements 30 comprising one or more filament-forming materials and optionally one or more active agents. A plurality of module assemblies 40 may be used to rotate different layers of fiber elements 30, the fiber elements 30 of different layers having different compositions from one another or the same composition as one another. That is, the filament-forming composition 35 provided to one module assembly 40 may differ in composition from the filament-forming composition 35 provided to another module assembly 40. More than two module assemblies in series may be provided to form three, four, or any other integer number of plies in a given layer.

The fibrous elements 30 may be deposited on a belt 50 moving in the machine direction MD to form the first layer 10. The belt 50 may be a porous belt.

A breathable band 50 is desirable so that a vacuum can be applied to and through the band. The band 50 may be the XBE2a9 band available from f.n.sheppard & co.erlanger, KY, usa. The belts 50 may be formed of polyester strands or other polymer strands it is desirable that the belts 50 have small openings so that the web carried thereon is not deformed into the openings. The belt 50 may be coated to reduce the surface tension of the belt 50 relative to the web carried thereon. The belt 50 may be moved at a speed of about 1m/min to about 100m/min, optionally about 2m/min to about 30 m/min.

The motive force for moving the continuous ply web disclosed herein may be provided by one or more belts 50. As the belt 50 moves, the continuous ply web passes directly or indirectly through another material, such as another continuous ply web, on the belt 50. For locations where the continuous ply web is not in contact with the belt 50, the tension fixed in the continuous ply web downstream of the location where the continuous ply web loses contact with the belt 50 may pull the continuous ply fiber web. Optionally, the power may be provided by a motorized roller as the continuous ply web exits the belt.

Spinneret 45 may include a plurality of fiber element-forming apertures, including melt capillaries surrounded by concentric attenuating fluid apertures through which a fluid, such as air having a temperature of about 10C to 100C, may pass to assist in attenuating the filament-forming composition 35 into fiber elements 30 as the filament-forming composition exits the fiber element-forming apertures. The filament-forming composition can be provided to the fibrous element at a rate of about 0.1g/min to about 2g/min per aperture to form the apertures, which can be set based on the composition of the filament-forming composition.

During the spinning step, as the fibrous element 30 is formed, volatile solvents such as water present in the filament-forming composition 35 may be removed, such as by drying. More than 30 wt% and/or more than 40 wt% and/or more than 50 wt% and/or more than 60 wt% of the volatile solvent of the filament-forming composition, such as water, may be removed during the spinning step, such as by drying the resulting fibrous element.

The filament-forming composition is spun into one or more fibrous elements 30 by any suitable spinning process, such as melt blowing, spunbonding, electrospinning, and/or rotational spinning. In one example, the filament-forming composition is spun by melt blowing into a plurality of fibrous elements 30 and/or particles. For example, the filament-forming composition may be pumped from a tank into a melt-blowing spinneret. As the filament-forming composition exits one or more of the filament-forming apertures in the spinneret, it is attenuated with air, thereby producing one or more fibrous elements 30 and/or particles. The fibrous element 30 and/or the pellets may then be dried to remove any residual solvent such as water used for spinning.

The fibrous element 30 and/or particles of the present invention may be collected on a belt, such as a patterned belt or a flat belt, to form a fibrous structure comprising the fibrous element 30 and/or particles directed into the fibrous element 3030.

Particles may be introduced into the flow of fiber elements 30 between module assembly 40 and belt 50. The granules may be fed from the granule receiver onto a belt feeder 41 or an optional screw feeder. The belt feeder 41 may be set and controlled to deliver a desired mass of particles into the process. The belt feeder may feed an air knife 42 that suspends and directs particles in a stream of air into the fiber elements 30 to form a mixture that mixes the fiber elements 30 and particles that are subsequently deposited on the belt 50. Optionally, the particles may be introduced after the fibrous element 30 is deposited on the belt 50. Optionally, the particles may be introduced by gravity and or optionally between streams of filament-forming composition. An airlaid forming head or screen may be used to introduce the particles.

The multilayer ply may be formed by providing two module assemblies 40, one module assembly 40 downstream of the other module assembly 40, as shown by way of non-limiting example in FIG. 3.

The pressurized tank, which is suitable for batch operation, can be filled with a filament-forming composition 35 suitable for spinning. A pump (such asModel PEP II, having a capacity of 5.0 cubic centimeters per revolution (cc/rev), manufactured by ZenithPumps division of Parker Hannifin Corporation (Sanford, n.c., USA), to facilitate delivery of the filament-forming composition 35 to the spinneret 45.

The module assembly 40 may have a plurality of rows of annular extrusion nozzles (fiber element forming holes) spaced apart from one another at a pitch P of about 1.524 millimeters. The nozzle may have a free-standing inner diameter of about 0.305 millimeters and a free-standing outer diameter of about 0.813 millimeters. Each individual nozzle may be surrounded by an annular and diverging trumpet-shaped orifice (a concentric attenuating fluid orifice that provides attenuating air to each individual melt capillary). The filament-forming composition 35 extruded through the nozzle may be surrounded and attenuated by a generally cylindrical flow of humid air provided through the orifice.

The attenuating air may be provided by heating compressed air from a source with a resistive heater, such as a heater manufactured by Chromalox division of Emerson Electric of Pittsburgh (Pa., USA). An appropriate amount of air flow may be added to saturate or nearly saturate the heated air under electrically heated, thermostatically controlled delivery conduit conditions. The condensate may be removed in an electrically heated thermostatically controlled separator.

The embryonic fibrous element 30 can be dried with a stream of drying air having a temperature of about 149C to about 315C, provided by an electrical resistance heater through a drying nozzle, and discharged at an angle of about 90 degrees or less relative to the general orientation of the extruded non-thermoplastic embryonic fibers. The dried embryonic fibrous elements 30 can be collected on a collection device such as a movable porous belt, a patterned collection belt, or a flat belt. The addition of a vacuum source directly below the forming zone can be used to help collect the fibers.

Method for producing water-soluble products

Various water-soluble fiber plies disclosed herein may be used to make the water-soluble product 5. The manufacturing process may be performed on discrete material sheets. The discrete plies of material are individual pieces of the various plies described herein that are assembled and joined in some manner to form a single water-soluble product 5. Optionally, the process for manufacturing may be performed on a continuous ply web assembled and joined in some manner and cut to form a plurality of water-soluble products 5 as described herein.

The method of manufacturing the water-soluble product 5 may include the following steps as shown in fig. 4. A first water-soluble ply 10 may be provided. A second water-soluble ply 15 may be provided separately from the first ply 10. The first ply 10 and the second ply 15 are placed on top of each other. Stacking means positioning one above or below the other, provided that additional plies or other materials, for example active agents such as fragrances, may be located between the stacked plies. A portion of the first ply 10 may be joined to a portion of the second ply 15 to form the water-soluble product 5. Importantly, the second ply 15 can be formed on a surface 52 other than the first ply 10. In other words, the second ply 15 is optionally not formed on the first ply 10 as may occur if a plurality of fiber elements 30 were discharged from the first module assembly 40 onto the belt 50 to form the first ply 10 of material and then another set of a plurality of fiber elements 30 were discharged from the second module assembly 40 on top of the first ply 10 to form the second ply 15 on top of the first ply 10.

Each ply may comprise one or more layers. Plies formed from multiple layers may have coherence between two or more of the layers to form an integral ply. There may be intermingling of fibers of the layers making up the plies and intermingling of fibers between plies adjacent to each other.

The second ply 15 may be cut from the first ply 10, in which case the second ply 15 and the first ply 10 may be formed on the same forming surface and integral with each other in terms of forming time and positioning. It may be advantageous not to form one ply atop another because such constructions would have a surface that is the belt side with the texture, and the texture may be different than the air side of such constructions. This may make it difficult to print on both sides of the product 5, result in one side leaking particles more easily than the other if the particles are provided in or on one layer, and result in one side of the product 5 having a different surface texture or feel than the other side, which may be annoying to the consumer as he or she may think that different sides of the product 5 may have different functions.

Joined means that the elements are directly attached or connected to each other or indirectly attached or connected to each other through one or more intermediate elements that are attached or connected to the elements referred to as joined.

More specifically, by way of non-limiting example approach as shown in fig. 5, the first ply 10 may be provided as part of a first continuous ply web 60 and the second ply 15 may be provided as part of a second continuous ply web 65. Fig. 5 is a non-limiting example of how a two-layer sheet product 5 may be formed. The first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65 may be superposed to superpose what ultimately becomes the first and second plies 10, 15 of the product 5. At this stage of the process, what eventually becomes the individual water-soluble products 5 may be part of a continuous multi-layer sheet web. There may be a blend of the fibers making up the ply. This may occur when the plies forming the product 5 are brought into contact with each other and/or bonded to each other.

It is possible to rotate the first continuous ply web 60 having a width of from about 20cm to about 500cm, or from about 20cm to about 100cm, or from about 20cm to about 80cm, or from about 40cm to about 70cm, or about 60 cm. Such a first continuous ply web 60 may be cut in the machine direction MD to form a plurality of plies that may be stacked in one or more lanes of product 5 production to form one or more products 5. For example, it is feasible to provide a first continuous ply web 60 of about 60cm width and cut it into three continuous plies each having a width of about 20cm, stack those three continuous plies, and join those three plies together to form two or more products 5in the cross direction CD.

In fig. 5, the product 5 preparation is reduced to a single pass, possibly preparing a plurality of products 5in the cross direction. Optionally, there may be multiple product preparation channels fed from a wide web formed from wide die assembly 40. The wide web may be divided in the machine direction to form a plurality of first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65, such that multi-pass product production is possible. For example, a copy of the apparatus shown in fig. 5 may be positioned immediately adjacent to the apparatus shown in fig. 5, but a single die assembly 40 may feed a wide continuous ply web into a separate lane of product preparation, and a cutter knife 70 is configured to separate out the continuous ply web suitable for feeding into the separate lane of product 5 preparation.

After the step of stacking the first and second plies 10, 15, the stacked first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65 may be joined to each other and cut to form the water-soluble product 5. The first portion 11 of the first ply 10 may be joined to the second portion 16 of the second ply 15 to form the water soluble product 5.

The first continuous ply web 60 may be provided separately from the second continuous ply web 65. For example, the first continuous ply web 60 may be formed using a module assembly 40 that is separate from the module assembly 40 used to make the second continuous ply web 65. Optionally, the first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65 may be supplied as separate parent rolls of such material. Because handling and storing water-soluble fiber webs is challenging, it may be feasible to employ a continuous process from formation of the plies to the final product 5.

The second continuous ply web 65 may be cut from the first continuous ply web 60. For example, a first continuous ply web 60 may be formed on the module assembly 40 and subsequently cut in the machine direction MD with a knife 70, as shown in fig. 5, which is a rotary cutter knife, for example, that cuts in the machine direction MD. Cutting the ply web from the first continuous ply web 60 is feasible in terms of providing higher manufacturing quality control, since only a single module assembly must be controlled and control is ultimately commonly applied to each ply web. This is in contrast to the following case: one ply is formed using one module and another ply is formed using another module, and both modules must be carefully monitored and controlled. Moreover, the edges of the ply web may be thinner in the machine direction MD than portions of the ply web near the ply web centerline, and such an arrangement may help minimize waste of trim required at the ply web edges. Thin edges of the plies may result in a need to process and handle the plies and the product 5 having a non-uniform thickness, for example by cutting edges having a reduced thickness or carefully paying attention to the orientation of the plies being stacked to form the product 5.

The method may further comprise the step of positioning the first ply belt side 75 and the second ply belt side 80 opposite each other prior to joining the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. This may be achieved by providing only one 180 degree twist in the second continuous ply web 65. The first laminate tape side 75 is the side of the first laminate 10 that is formed to contact the surface 52 or tape 50. In fig. 5, the second continuous ply web 65 is twisted two 90 degrees such that the second ply air side 85 is facing away from the first ply belt side 75. Prior to bringing the first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65 into facing relationship, one or both of the first and second continuous ply webs 60, 65 may be twisted 0 degrees, these webs may be twisted and not twisted the same number of degrees, 180 degrees (e.g., 180 degrees for right or left twists, optionally in two 90 degree steps) or 360 degrees to achieve the desired positioning of the first, second and second ply belt sides 75, 90, 80, 85 relative to each other. It is feasible that the first ply air side 90 (or first continuous ply web air side) and the second ply air side 85 (or second continuous ply web air side) are to be in contact with each other, and that the first ply belt side 75 (or first continuous ply belt side) and the second ply belt side 80 (or second continuous ply web belt side) are to be facing away from each other and that the first ply air side 90 and the second ply air side 85 (or second continuous ply web air side) are located between the first ply belt side 75 (or first continuous ply belt side) and the second ply belt side 80 (or second continuous ply belt side). Such an arrangement may position the belt side of the ply or continuous ply web to face outward and ultimately form the outer surface of the product 5 that may provide a better tactile feel and or facilitate printing thereon. Further, if multiple plies or continuous ply webs are employed and particulates are provided in one of the layers of the multiple plies, the belt side can serve as a barrier to contain and separate the consumer's hands from the particulates.

If the steps of the method further include the step of positioning the first ply belt side 75 and the second ply belt side 80 opposite each other prior to joining the first ply 10 and the second ply 15, this step may occur by twisting one of the first continuous ply web 60 or the second continuous ply web 65 180 degrees and placing the first continuous ply web 60 and the second continuous ply web 65 in facing relationship to each other. The twisting of the continuous ply web may be performed by: the continuous ply web is lifted from the belt 50, the continuous ply web is twisted 180 degrees or 360 degrees, and the twisted continuous ply web is placed in facing relationship with another continuous ply web.

Twisting may be facilitated by lifting the continuous ply web with one or more steering rods 77 or a system of steering rods. For example, a diverter bar 77 may be placed at the proximal end of the belt 50, and the continuous ply web may be fed up around the diverter bar 77. The continuous ply web may be twisted a desired amount and fed onto an elevated diverter bar 77. The continuous ply web may be moved in the cross direction CD, positioned over another continuous ply web and fed over another turn bar 77. The continuous ply web may then be fed down over another diverter bar 77 located at the proximal end of the belt 50 so that it is in facing relationship with another continuous ply web. Other approaches for turning a continuous web known in the art may be used, such as a contour reversing surface.

The diverter rod 77 may be a static polished metal diverter rod 77 or may be a diverter rod 77 that rotates about an axis, driven by a motor or drag of the continuous ply web through the diverter rod 77, such as a roller. The diverter bar 77 may be a polished metal diverter bar 77 to allow the continuous ply web to slide over the diverter bar 77 with negligible drag from the diverter bar 77 so that the continuous ply web stretches no more than a tolerable range.

The first continuous ply web 10 can be considered to have a first ply belt side 75 and a first ply air side 90 opposite the first ply belt side 75. Likewise, the second continuous ply web 65 can be considered to have a second ply belt side 80 and a second ply air side 85 opposite the second ply belt side 80.

The belt side and air side of the ply may differ in surface texture. The belt side of the ply or continuous ply web is the side of the ply or continuous ply web that is formed to contact the belt 50 when the fibrous element 30 is deposited thereon. In other words, the belt side of the ply or continuous ply web may be the side of the ply or continuous ply web that faces and contacts the belt 50 when the fibrous element 30 is deposited thereon. The tape side may tend to have a flatter surface profile than the air side because the fibrous elements 30 may conform or partially conform to the surface 52 of the tape 50 upon which the fibrous elements 30 land. The air side has no constraining surface. Without post-deposition treatment, the air side of the ply may tend to be bulkier or more lofty than the belt side, possibly less coherent. Providing a product 5 having an outwardly facing ply tape side may be feasible in terms of presenting a smoother ply-to-outwardly surface for subsequent printing, a better feel and appearance, and a better ability to contain particles. Moreover, if multiple plies are provided, the plies containing particles may be confined to the interior of the product 5 so that the user is not in contact with, or has little contact with, the particles that may contain an active agent.

By way of non-limiting example as shown in fig. 6, particles comprising one or more active agents may be provided to one or more of the plies. For example, the first ply 10 may be provided having a first group 91 of a plurality of first water-soluble particles 95. Likewise, the second ply 15 may be provided with a second set 100 of a plurality of second water-soluble particles 105. The first particles 95 may be identical in composition to the second particles 105. This may be convenient if the second ply 15 is cut from the first ply 10 in a non-limiting exemplary manner as shown in fig. 5, without regard to the twisting and stacking steps downstream of the knife 70.

Optionally, the outer surface of the product 5 may comprise the belt-side surface of the ply. For example, the first and second ply tape sides 75, 80 may be positioned back to each other prior to joining the first and second plies 10, 15. Otherwise described, the first ply air-side 90 and the second ply air-side 85 can face each other prior to joining the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. The possible benefits of such a configuration are discussed previously.

The manufacturing process described herein may be conveniently used to shape a product 5 having a plurality of plies, and optionally a plurality of plies. Multiple plies and multi-layer plies allow manufacturers to provide different product benefits in terms of: in each ply or layer, the active agent is remote from the layer forming the outer surface of the product 5, facilitating the surface on which it is printed, and the product 5 being pleasing to the touch.

The manufacturing method described herein may further comprise the steps of: a first fibrous layer 20 is provided and a second fibrous layer 25 is provided facing or in facing relationship to the first fibrous layer 20. There may be a blend of the fibers making up the first layer 10 with the fibers making up the second layer 25. As shown in fig. 7, the first ply 10 may include a first fibrous layer 20 and a second fibrous layer 25. The first layer 20 and the second layer 25 may together form the first ply 10. The second layer 25 and the first layer 20 may be in facing or contacting relationship with each other, such as would occur if the second layer 25 were deposited on the first layer 20. The second layer 25 may include a first group 91 of a plurality of first water-soluble particles 95 distributed in the second layer 25. The manufacturing method described herein may further comprise the steps of: a third fibrous layer 110 is provided and a fourth fibrous layer 115 is provided facing or in facing relationship to the third fibrous layer. The third layer 110 and the fourth layer 115 may be in facing or contacting relationship with each other, such as would occur if the fourth layer 115 were deposited on the third layer 110.

The second ply 15 may comprise a third fiber layer 110 and a fourth fiber layer 115. The third layer 110 and the fourth layer 115 may together form the second ply 15. The fourth layer 115 may include a second set 100 of a plurality of second water-soluble particles 105 distributed in the fourth layer 115. Providing multiple plies may tend to enhance the stiffness of the product 5. In addition, the multi-layer plies allow the product designer to place the active agent in selected layers of the ply, optionally provide different active agents in different layers of the ply, and optionally place the active agent between layers or ply-to-ply.

A multi-layer ply web may be formed as shown in fig. 3 by way of non-limiting example. By employing a plurality of module assemblies 40, each ply web can be formed independently of the other webs. And optionally, first particles 95, second particles 105, and third particles can be introduced as described herein.

The third layer 110 and the first layer 20 may each have a basis weight of from about 20gsm to about 500gsm, optionally from about 40gsm to about 100gsm, optionally from about 50gsm to 80gsm, according to the basis weight test method. The second layer 25 and fourth layer 115 may each have a basis weight of from about 20gsm to about 500gsm, optionally from about 40gsm to about 300gsm, optionally about 200gsm, according to the basis weight test method.

In any of the embodiments contemplated herein, the first, second, and third continuous ply webs 60, 65, and 130 (if present) may each have a basis weight of from about 100gsm to about 800gsm, optionally from about 150gsm to about 500gsm, optionally from about 200gsm to about 300gsm, according to the basis weight test method.

In order to provide a product 5 having a surface that is easy to print on and has a pleasant tactile impression, it may be feasible to form the outer surface of the product 5 from the belt-facing surface of the ply. As shown in fig. 7, the first layer 20 can be oriented toward the first ply belt side 75 and the second layer 25 can be oriented toward the first ply air side 90. The first laminate air side 90 can be opposite the first laminate tape side 75. The third layer 110 may be oriented toward the second ply belt side 80 and the fourth layer 115 may be oriented toward the second ply air side 85. The second ply air side 85 can be opposite the second ply belt side 80. The method of manufacturing the product 5 may further comprise the step of positioning the first ply belt side 75 and the second ply belt side 80 facing away from each other prior to joining the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. This arrangement may provide the following benefits: the first particles 95 and the second particles 105 are positioned towards the interior of the product 5 and away from contact with the consumer's hand when the product is handled. In this arrangement, the second layer 25 and the fourth layer 115 may be located between the first layer 20 and the third layer 110.

It may be feasible to provide the first layer 20 with less first particles 95 than the second layer 25 and, if present, also the fifth layer. The first layer 20 may be free or substantially free of the first particles 95. Optionally, the second layer 25 may be free or substantially free of the second particles 105. Likewise, the fifth layer (if present) may be free or substantially free of third particles. Such an arrangement may be feasible in terms of minimizing consumer exposure to active agent in the particles and or active agent in the fibrous elements 30 forming the second layer 25 and or fourth layer 115 or any other layer that is internal to the layer forming the surface of the product 5.

A three-ply product 5 may also be feasible. A non-limiting example of preparing a three-ply product 5 is shown in fig. 8. To make the three-ply product 5, the process further comprises the step of providing a third water-soluble fiber ply 120. The third ply 120 may be separate from the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. The first, second, and third plies 10, 15, 120 may be stacked on one another such that the third ply 120 is located between the first and second plies 10, 15. The first, second and third plies 10, 15, 120 may be joined to form the water-soluble product 5.

The third ply 120 may be provided as part of a third continuous ply web 130. The third continuous ply web 130 may be conveniently cut in the Machine Direction (MD) from the first continuous ply web 60. For example, a first continuous ply web 60 may be provided by depositing the fibrous elements 30 on the belt 50. Optionally, particles may be introduced into the flow of fibrous elements 30 between module assembly 40 and belt 50. Also optionally, particles may be introduced on the air side of the first continuous ply web 60. The second continuous ply web 65 and the third continuous ply web 130 may be cut from the first continuous ply web 60. If the third continuous-layer web 130 is cut from the second continuous-layer web 65 in the machine direction MD after the second continuous-layer web 65 is cut from the first continuous-layer web 60 in the machine direction MD, the third continuous-layer web is considered to be cut from the first continuous-layer web 60 in the machine direction MD.

In one configuration of the method, three lanes 125 of separate continuous ply webs may be provided in the machine direction MD. The lanes of the continuous ply web may be in any order in the cross direction and the web handling assembly may be used to lift individual continuous ply webs from the belt 50 and place them on top of another continuous ply web with the belt side or air side facing up. Starting with a single continuous ply web, such as the first continuous ply web 60, and cutting the second and third continuous ply webs 65, 130 from that ply web, manufacturing quality control can be simplified as only a single module assembly 40 and optional particulate providing equipment need be monitored and controlled. Optionally, each continuous ply web may be formed by one or more individual module assemblies 40.

After the first, second, and third continuous ply webs 60, 65, and 130 are stacked, such continuous ply webs may be cut to form the water-soluble product 5. Optionally, two or more of such continuous ply webs may be first joined to each other and subsequently cut to form the water-soluble product 5. Optionally, the step of joining two or more of the continuous ply webs and the step of cutting such webs to form the water-soluble product 5 may be combined into a single step. Also optionally, such continuous ply webs may be cut to provide a first ply 10, a second ply 15, and a third ply 120 prior to joining two or more such plies to form the water-soluble product 5.

Similar to the two-ply water soluble product 5 discussed above and for the same reasons discussed above, when the third ply 120 is positioned between the first ply 10 and the second ply 15, it may be feasible for the process to further comprise positioning the first ply tape side 75 and the second ply tape side 80 opposite each other prior to joining the first ply 10 and the second ply 15.

The method may further comprise placing an active agent on or in first ply 10, second ply 15, and third ply 120, and any layer of such plies (e.g., first layer 20, second layer 25, third layer 110, fourth layer 115, or any layer constructing third ply 120), on one or both of the air side or belt side of such plies or continuous ply web, wherein the active agent is selected from unencapsulated or encapsulated fragrances, surfactants, enzymes, bleaching agents, chelants, structurants, builders, organic polymer compounds, brighteners, toners, suds suppressors, conditioning agents, humectants, alkalinity systems, pH control systems, buffering agents, alkanolamines, insect repellents, hair care agents, hair conditioning agents, skin care agents, sunscreen agents, skin conditioning agents, fabric softeners, anti-wrinkle agents, antistatic agents, fabric care soil release agents, fabric care detergents, conditioning agents, Detergents, dispersants, defoamers, suds boosters, antifoams, fabric fresheners, dishwashing detergents, hard surface care agents, antimicrobials, antibacterials, antifungals, bleach activators, chelants, detergency builders, lotions, air care agents, carpet care agents, dye transfer inhibitors, soil release agents, polymeric detergents, polymeric dispersants, alkoxylated polyamine polymers, alkoxylated polycarboxylate polymers, amphoteric graft copolymers, solubilizing aids, buffering systems, water softeners, water hardeners, pH adjusters, flocculants, effervescing agents, preservatives, cosmetic agents, make-up removers, foaming agents, deposition aids, aggregate forming agents, clays, thickeners, latexes, silicas, drying agents, odor control agents, antiperspirants, coolants, warming agents, absorbent gels, anti-inflammatory agents, dyes, surfactants, soil release agents, pigments, acids, bases, liquid treatment actives, agricultural actives, industrial actives, digestible actives, medicaments, tooth whitening agents, tooth care and mouth wash agents, periodontal and gingival care agents, dietary agents, vitamins, minerals, water treatment agents, water clarifiers, water disinfectants, and mixtures thereof. The active agent may be provided as particles introduced into the stream that is discharged from any of the module assemblies 40 and used to form the fibrous element 30. The active agent may ultimately be positioned between the plies of the product 5, embedded in one or more of the plies forming the product 5, or partially embedded in one or more of the plies forming the product 5.

The fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles disclosed herein can comprise several active agents. Preferably, the fibrous water-soluble unit dose article disclosed herein comprises perfume, wherein said perfume is positioned between the plies of the article 5, embedded in one or more plies forming the product 5, or partially embedded in one or more plies forming the product 5. More preferably, the fibrous water-soluble unit dose articles disclosed herein comprise encapsulated perfume, as described below, positioned between the plies of the article 5, embedded in one or more plies forming the product 5, or partially embedded in one or more plies forming the product 5.

During the process of making the product 5, perfume, preferably encapsulated perfume, may be deposited onto the upper surface 600 of any ply or into any ply, or onto and into any ply, or onto the air side 72 of any continuous ply web, or into any continuous ply web by the active agent applicator 135. One or more active agent applicators 135 may be provided on the production line 140. The active agent applicator 135 may be a nozzle, extruder, screen, printer, transfer roll, pneumatic atomizing nozzle, hydraulic atomizing nozzle, fluid applicator, extrusion applicator, hot melt applicator, ink jet device, flexographic printer, gravure printer, offset tank, drop on demand device, or any other device suitable for depositing an active agent on a ply, particularly a moving ply. The active agent applicator 135 may be positioned on any channel or on any laminate.

For feasibility reasons, an active agent such as a perfume (e.g., encapsulated perfume) may be placed on or in or on and in the upwardly facing side of any continuous ply web after it is positioned to have the desired upwardly facing side. If the active agent is applied onto or into the continuous ply web or both prior to placing the continuous ply web ultimately in its vertical orientation within the product 5, the active agent may contact the diverter bar 77. If active agent residues accumulate on the diverter bar 77, poor web handling results may result. For example, as shown in fig. 8, after the third continuous ply web 130 is positioned atop the first continuous ply web 60, the active agent applicator 135 places the active agent on the third continuous ply web 130. After the active agent is placed on the third continuous ply web 130, the second continuous ply web 65 may be placed on top of the third continuous ply web 130 such that the third continuous ply web 130 is between the first continuous ply web 60 and the second continuous ply web 65.

Optionally, an active agent such as a perfume (e.g., encapsulated perfume) may be placed on or in the first ply air side 90, i.e., the upwardly facing surface of the first continuous ply web 60, prior to positioning the third continuous ply web 130 atop the first continuous ply web 60. Thus, when a three-ply product 5 is employed, it may be convenient to provide the active agent above or below the third ply 120, on or in the upwardly facing surface on either side of the third ply 120, or on or in the inwardly oriented side of the first or second plies 10, 10. Thus, for a three-ply product 5, the incompatible active agents may be separated from each other by the third ply 120.

The method may further comprise the step of providing a solution of the filament-forming composition 35. The filament-forming composition 35 can be passed through one or more module assemblies 40 comprising a plurality of spinnerets 45 to form a plurality of fibrous elements 30. A plurality of fibrous elements 30 may be deposited onto a belt 50 moving in the machine direction MD to form the first ply 10. The first ply 10 or first continuous ply web 60 may be cut in the machine direction to form a second ply 15, a second continuous ply web 65, a third ply 120, and or a third continuous ply web 130, as previously described. Optionally, multiple filament-forming compositions may be supplied to a single module assembly 40 or portions of the assembly, or multiple filament-forming compositions may be supplied to multiple module assemblies 40.

First particles 95 and second particles 105 may be introduced into the stream of fibrous elements 30 prior to depositing fibrous elements 30 on belt 50.

The process illustrated in fig. 8 may be used to manufacture a three-ply water soluble product 5in a continuous process. The continuous process may be uninterrupted from the step of providing the filament-forming composition 35 to the formation of the water-soluble product 5, whether the water-soluble product 5 is present as part of a web of multiple water-soluble products joined to one another or discrete water-soluble products separated from one another. One benefit of a continuous process is that there is no need to store such materials prior to converting the plies or continuous ply web into a water-soluble product. Storage of water-soluble plies or continuous ply webs may require an undue concern of temperature, humidity, and gentle handling to maintain the integrity of such materials. By continuous process is meant that the steps of the process occur in or on a continuous production line.

At the upstream end of the process, a filament-forming composition 35 may be provided. The filament-forming composition may be passed through a module assembly 40 comprising a plurality of spinnerets 45 to form a plurality of fibrous elements 30. Fibrous elements 30 may be deposited on a belt 50 moving in the machine direction to form first layer 20. The first layer 20 may then pass under another module assembly 40 from which the filament-forming composition 35 is exiting and passing through a plurality of spinnerets 45 to form a plurality of fibrous elements 30. Particles may be inserted into the stream of fibrous elements 30. The fibrous elements 30 and particles may be placed in a second layer 25 on top of the first layer 20. The first layer 20 and the second layer 25 may together form a first ply 10, which may be part of a first continuous ply web 60.

The first ply 10 may be cut into three plies of channels 125 in the machine direction MD. The central channel may be the first continuous ply web 60. The outer channels 125 may be the second and third continuous ply webs 65, 130, while the second and third plies 15, 120, respectively, may be part of the webs. One or more active agent applicators 135 may apply one or more active agents to the second layer 25.

An optional third ply 120 that is part of a third continuous ply web 130 may be lifted from the belt 50 and placed on the first ply 10, which may be part of the first continuous ply web 60. Optionally, the third ply or third continuous ply web may be inverted prior to placing the third ply 120 or third continuous ply web 130 on the first ply 10 or first continuous ply web 60. Optionally, one or more active agent applicators 135 may apply one or more active agents to the air side of the third ply 120 or the third continuous ply web 130.

The second ply 15, which is part of the second continuous ply web 65, may be lifted from the belt 50, placed on top of the third ply 120 or third continuous ply web 130 if present, or placed on top of the first ply 10 or first continuous ply web 60 if not present. Optionally, the second ply 15 or the second continuous ply web 65 may be inverted prior to being placed on top of the third ply 120 or the third continuous ply web 130 if present or on top of the first ply 10 or the first continuous ply web 60 if not present.

As shown in fig. 8, a turn bar 77 may be provided at the first web processing station 78 and at the second web processing station 79. The first web handling station 78 may be located downstream of the module assembly 40 and upstream of the second web handling station 79. One or more active agent applicators 135 may be positioned upstream of the first web processing station 78 and or between the first web processing station 78 and the second web processing station 79. The active agent applicator 135 may be positioned upstream of the first web-handling station 79 and positioned to press against the first continuous-ply web 60. Optionally, the active agent applicator 135 may be positioned between the first web handling station 78 and the second web handling station 79 such that it presses on the third continuous ply web 130, with the first continuous ply web 60 incidentally located below the third continuous ply web 130. Such positioning of the one or more active agent applicators 135 allows for the active agent to be positioned toward the interior of the final product 5, reducing the likelihood of a consumer contacting the active agent.

The water-soluble product 5 may be printed on by one or more printing units 150. The printing unit 150 may be positioned anywhere in the production line so that printing may be on a desired surface of one or more of the first ply 10, the second ply 15, and or the third ply 120. The printing may be CMYK printing. The printing may be laser inkjet printing, gravure printing, pad printing, photocopying, flexographic printing, offset printing, screen printing, photolithography, or any other suitable means for printing a web of material, and in particular, the methods best suited for nonwoven materials. Dryer 220 may be located downstream or upstream of printing unit 150.

The first and second plies 10, 15, or the first portion 11 of the first ply 10 and the second portion 16 of the second ply 15, may be joined to each other, for example, by using a bonding roll, to form the water-soluble product 5. If a third ply 120 is present between the first ply 10 and the second ply 15, the third ply 120 may be contained within the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. Optionally, the first ply 10 and the second ply 15 may be joined with the third ply 120 such that the first ply 10 and the second ply 15 are joined to each other by the third ply 120.

The plies may be bonded to each other by thermal bonding. Thermal bonding may be possible if the plies contain thermoplastic powder, optionally a water soluble thermoplastic material. Thermal bonding may also be possible if the fibers making up the plies are thermoplastic. The plies may optionally be calender bonded, point bonded, ultrasonic bonded, infrared bonded, air blown bonded, needle punched, hydroentangled, fusion bonded, adhesive bonded, or bonded by other known means for bonding plies of material.

The water-soluble products 5 can be separated from each other by a die cutter 160, optionally rotating the die cutter 160. The rotary die cutter 160 includes a die roll and an anvil roll that counterbalance each other. The plies may be bonded to each other and die cut in one step using a single reciprocating bonding and die cutting apparatus or a rotary bonding and die cutting apparatus. In a rotary bonding and die cutting apparatus that combines bonding and die cutting, a die is formed to provide a die cut in which the material being cut is sandwiched between the knife edge of the die and the smooth surface of the anvil. Further, the mold is shaped to compress the plies or continuous ply web and portions of their layers together to bond the plies, continuous ply web and their layers to one another. The mold may be a patterned mold that provides cutting and bonding patterns to the plies, continuous ply web, and layers thereof. Optionally, the mold is heatable, which may be feasible in terms of thermal bonding of the plies, continuous ply web and their layers.

A three-layer tablet of water-soluble product 5 is shown in fig. 9. Each ply may be a multilayer ply.

There may be intermingling of fibers of one layer with fibers of another layer adjacent thereto. There may also be a blend of the fibers of one ply with the fibers of another ply or ply adjacent thereto. As shown in fig. 9, the third ply 120 may be located between the first ply 10 and the second ply 15. The third ply 120 may be a single ply or a multi-ply. The third ply 120 may have a third ply belt side 165 and a third ply air side 170 opposite the third ply belt side 165. The third ply 120 may comprise a fifth fiber layer 175 and a sixth fiber layer 180. Together, fifth layer 175 and sixth layer 180 form third ply 120. Optionally, the third ply 120 may comprise a plurality of third particles 185. Also optionally, the sixth layer 180 can comprise third particles 185. One or more active agents 190 may be located between the third ply 120 and the second ply 15. Third ply 120 may optionally be flipped relative to that shown in fig. 9, with sixth layer 165 oriented toward second layer 25. Similarly, the plies may be arranged in any desired orientation and in any order.

Any integer number of plies greater than or equal to two may be present in the product 5. This may be accomplished by providing such a number of plies or continuous ply webs and stacking such plies or continuous ply webs, inverting any ply or continuous ply web as desired, and assembling such plies or continuous ply webs into such a product 5.

Encapsulated perfume compositions

The fibrous water-soluble unit dose article may comprise an encapsulated perfume composition or slurry. The article may comprise from about 0.1% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 3%, more preferably from about 1% to about 2.5% by weight of the article of an encapsulated perfume composition.

The encapsulated perfume composition may optionally comprise a water binding agent. Suitable water binding agents include carboxymethyl cellulose. Water binding agents reduce the water activity a of encapsulated perfume compositions_w. It is believed that encapsulated perfume compositions having reduced water activity can be applied to fiber plies without leaking through, deforming, and/or dissolving the fiber pliesThe fiber plies are debulked.

When measured in accordance with the shear viscosity test method described herein, as measured in 1s^-1The encapsulated perfume composition may have a shear viscosity of from about 4Pa-s to about 200Pa-s, preferably from about 10Pa-s to about 150Pa-s, more preferably from about 50Pa-s to about 100Pa-s, measured at 20 ℃.

When measured in accordance with the shear viscosity test method described herein, for 10s^-1The encapsulated perfume composition may have a shear viscosity of from about 1Pa-s to about 25Pa-s, preferably from about 1Pa-s to about 20Pa-s, more preferably from about 1Pa-s to about 15Pa-s, measured at 20 ℃.

It has been found that encapsulated perfume compositions having the viscosity ranges of the present disclosure may be able to be effectively pumped when applying the composition to a fiber ply while also being sufficiently viscous so as not to leak through, deform, or dissolve the fiber ply. Furthermore, encapsulated perfume compositions having the viscosity range of the present disclosure are less likely to migrate within the article.

An encapsulated perfume may comprise a core, a shell having an inner and outer surface, the shell encapsulating the core. The core may comprise any perfume; and the housing may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene; a polyamide; polyvinyl alcohol, optionally containing other comonomers; polystyrene; a polyisoprene; a polycarbonate; a polyester; a polyacrylate; aminoplasts which in one aspect may comprise polyureas, polyurethanes, and/or polyureaurethanes, which in one aspect may comprise polyoxymethylene ureas and/or melamine formaldehyde resins; a polyolefin; polysaccharides, which in one aspect may include alginate and/or chitosan; gelatin; lac; an epoxy resin; a vinyl polymer; a water-insoluble inorganic substance; an organosilicon; and mixtures thereof.

Preferred encapsulants include an outer shell which may comprise melamine formaldehyde and/or cross-linked melamine formaldehyde. Other preferred capsules comprise a polyacrylate based shell. Preferred encapsulants include a core material and a shell, the shell at least partially surrounding the core material being disclosed. At least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a burst strength of 0.2Mpa to 10Mpa and a benefit agent leakage of 0% to 20%, even less than 10% or 5% based on the total benefit agent of the initial encapsulation. It is preferred that wherein at least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a particle size of (i)1 micron to 80 microns, 5 microns to 60 microns, 10 microns to 50 microns, or even 15 microns to 40 microns and/or (ii) at least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a particle wall thickness of 30nm to 250nm, 80nm to 180nm or even 100nm to 160 nm. Formaldehyde scavengers may be used with the encapsulate, for example, in a capsule slurry, and/or added to such compositions before, during, or after the encapsulate is added to the composition.

Suitable capsules may be prepared using known methods. Alternatively, suitable capsules are available from Encapsys LLC of Appleton, wisconsin usa. For example, the composition may comprise a deposition aid in addition to the encapsulate. Preferred deposition aids are selected from cationic polymers and nonionic polymers. Suitable polymers include cationic starch, cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl formaldehyde, locust bean gum, mannan, xyloglucan, tamarind gum, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymers comprising dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and optionally one or more monomers selected from acrylic acid and acrylamide.

As used herein, the term "perfume" includes Perfume Raw Materials (PRMs) as well as perfume accords. As used herein, the term "perfume raw material" refers to a compound having a molecular weight of at least about 100g/mol, and which may be used alone or with other perfume raw materials for imparting odor, aroma, fragrance, or aroma. As used herein, the terms "perfume ingredient" and "perfume raw material" are interchangeable. As used herein, the term "accord" refers to a mixture of two or more PRMs.

Non-limiting examples of perfumes and perfume ingredients include, but are not limited to, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and the like. Other examples include various natural extracts and essential oils, which may comprise complex mixtures of ingredients, such as orange oil, lemon oil, rose extract, lavender, musk, patchouli, balsamine essential oil, sandalwood oil, pine oil, cedar, and the like. Finished perfumes may contain extremely complex mixtures of such ingredients.

Typical PRMs include, inter alia, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers, nitrites, and olefins, such as terpenes. A list of common PRMs can be found in various references, such as "Perfume and flavour Chemicals", volumes I and II; SteffenArctander Allured pub. Co. (1994) and "Perfuels: Art, Science and Technology", Miller, P.M. and Lamparsky, D., Black Academic and Professional (1994).

PRMs are characterized by their boiling point (b.p.) measured at normal pressure (760mm Hg), and by their octanol/water partition coefficient (P). Based on these characteristics, PRMs may be classified as quadrant one, quadrant two, quadrant three, or quadrant four fragrances, as detailed below.

The octanol/water partition coefficient of a PRM is the ratio of its equilibrium concentrations in octanol and water. logP has been reported for many PRMs; for example, the Pomona92 database, available from Daylight Chemical Information Systems, Inc. (Daylight CIS, Irvine, California, USA), contains the logP of many perfume ingredients and references to the original literature. Most conveniently, however, the logP value is calculated by the "CLOGP" program also available from Daylight CIS. When experimental logP values are available in the Pomona92 database, the program can also list these values. "calculated logP" (ClogP) is determined by Hansch and Leo's segmentation method (cf. a.leo, Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry, vol.4, c.hansch, p.g.sammens, j.b.taylor and c.a.ransden, eds, p.295, Pergamon Press, 1990, incorporated herein by reference). The fragmentation method is based on the chemical structure of each PRM and takes into account the number and type of atoms, connectivity of atoms, and chemical bonding. The most reliable and widely used estimated ClogP values for this physicochemical property are preferably used in the selection of PRMs useful in the present invention instead of experimental logP values.

The boiling points of many PRMs are given, for example, in "Perfun and FlavorChemicals (Aroma Chemicals)," published by Steffen Arctander in 1969, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other boiling point values can be obtained from different chemical manuals and databases, such as Beilstein Handbook, Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, and CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. When boiling points are given only at different pressures, typically at pressures below standard (760mm Hg), The boiling points at standard pressure can be approximated by using boiling point-pressure monographs such as those given in The "The Chemist's company," a.j.gordon and r.a.ford, john wiley & Sons Publishers,1972, pp.30-36.

Perfume raw materials having a boiling point below 250 ℃ and a ClogP below 3.0 are referred to as quadrant i perfumes. Non-limiting examples of first quadrant fragrance raw materials include allyl hexanoate, amyl acetate, amyl propionate, anisaldehyde, anisole, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl acetone, benzyl alcohol, benzyl formate, benzyl isovalerate, phenyl propionate, β γ hexenol, camphor gum, l-carveol, d-carvone, l-carvone, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamyl formate, cis-jasmone, cis-3-leaf alcohol acetate, Curninic, alcohol, cuminaldehyde, Cyclal C, dibenzyl methanol, dimethyl benzyl methanol acetate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl amyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl hexyl ketone, phenyl ethyl acetate, eucalyptol, eugenol, fenchyl, fexolol acetate (tricyclodecanyl acetate), Frutene (tricyclodecenyl propionate), geraniol, hexenol, methyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, geraniol, fenugreek, cinnamic acid, geraniol, geranyl alcohol, and geranyl alcohol, Folic acetate, hexyl formate, solanol, hydroxycitronellal, indanone, isoamyl alcohol, isomenthone, isopulegol acetate, isoquinolinone, cis-jasmone, ligustral, linalool oxide, linalyl formate, menthone, methylacetophenone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methylphenyl acetate, nerol, phenyl ethanol, alpha-terpineol, ethyl propionate, 2-methylpropyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, 2-methyl-ethyl butyrate, ethyl-2-methylbutyrate, 2-hexenal, (E) -, 2-hexenal, methyl phenylacetate, 1, 3-dioxolane-2-acetic acid 2-methyl-ethyl ester, Malate esters, phenylacetaldehyde-alpha-methyl-, hydratropic aldehyde, acetic acid (2-methylbutyloxy) -2-acrylate, allylpentylglycolate, 2' -dioxy-ethanol, watermelon ketone 161, 2(3H) -furanone 5-ethyldihydro, gamma-caprolactone, 2H-pyran 3, 6-dihydro-4-methyl-2- (2-methyl-1-propenyl) -, nerol oxide, 2-acrolein 3-phenyl, cinnamaldehyde, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid methyl ester, methylcinnamate, 4H-pyran-4-one 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-, ethylmaltol, 2-heptanone, methyl amyl ketone, ethyl acetate, 2-methyl-2-acrylate, 2H-pyran-4-one, 2-methyl-2-hydroxy-, ethyl-methyl-1-propenyl-, 2-propenol, 2-, Amyl acetate, isoamyl-acetate, methylheptenone, 1-heptanol, 5-hepten-2-one-6 methyl-, methylheptenone, 2-ethanol- (2-methoxyethoxy) -, Veramoss Sps, tricyclo [2.2.1.02,6] heptane 1-ethyl-3-methoxy-, Neoprox, benzene-1, 4-dimethoxy-, hydroquinone dimethyl ether, 3-hexenylmethane (Z) -, lucifen (Liffaromene), epoxidized 2, 2-dimethyl-3- (3-methyl-2, 4-pentadienyl) -, Myroxide, ethanol 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) -, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, cyclohexane ethanol, methyl heptenone, 1-heptanol, 5-hepten-2-one-6 methyl-, methylheptenone, 2-ethanol- (2-methoxyethoxy) -, Verafen, 3-ethyl-3-methoxy-, Neoprox-, benzene-, Cyclohexane ethanol, 3-octen-1-yl (Z) -, octenol, 3-cyclohexene-1-pyrrole-carbaldehyde 3, 6-dimethyl-, Cyclovertal, 1, 3-oxathiane 2-methyl-4-propyl-cis, dioxane, 4-methylphenyl acetate, p-cresol acetate, benzene (2, 2-dimethylethyl) -, phenylacetaldehyde, 7-methoxy-3, 7-dimethyl-octanal, methoxycitronellal Pq, 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one octahydro-, octahydro-coumarin, phenylpropanal β -methyl-, Trifemal, octahydro-4, 7-methylene-1H-indene-al, Formyltricycyclo-ecan, 1- (4-methoxyphenyl) -ethanone, P-methoxyacetophenone, 3- (3-hexenyloxy) - (Z) -propionitrile, Parmanyl, 4a,6,7,8,8 a-hexahydro-1, 4-methylene-5 (1H) -naphthalenone, Tamisone, [2- (2-propenyloxy) ethyl ] -benzene, LRA 220, phenylpropanol, 1H-indole, 2- (phenylmethyl) -1, 3-dioxolane, ethylene glycol acetal/phenylacetaldehyde, 2H-1-benzopyran-2-one 3, 4-dihydro-, dihydrocoumarin, and mixtures thereof.

Perfume raw materials having a boiling point of about 250 ℃ or higher and a ClogP of less than 3.0 are referred to as quadrant ii perfumes. Non-limiting examples of second quadrant fragrance raw materials include coumarin, eugenol, isoeugenol, indole, methyl cinnamate, methyl dihydrojasmonate, methyl-N-anthranilate, beta-methylnaphthalenone, -N-nonalactone, vanillin, and mixtures thereof.

Perfume raw materials having a boiling point below 250 ℃ and a ClogP above about 3.0 are referred to as quadrant three perfumes. Non-limiting examples of quadrant three fragrance raw materials include isopropyl acetate, carvacrol, alpha-citronellol, p-cymene, dihydromyrcenol, geranyl acetate, d-limonene, linalyl acetate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate.

Perfume raw materials having a boiling point of about 250 ℃ or higher and a ClogP of about 3.0 or higher are referred to as quadrant IV perfumes or enduring perfumes. Non-limiting examples of enduring perfume raw materials include allyl cyclohexane propionate, musk lactone, amyl benzoate, amyl cinnamate, amyl cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal, isoamyl salicylate, hydroxycitronellal methyl anthranilic acid (known as hydroxycitronellic acid)) Benzophenone, benzyl salicylate, p-tert-butylcyclohexyl acetate, isobutylquinoline, β -caryophyllene, cadinene, cedrol, cedryl acetate, cedryl formate, cinnamyl cinnamate, cyclohexyl salicylate, cyclamenal, dihydroisojasmonate, diphenylmethane, diphenyl oxide, dodecalactone, 1- (1,2,3,4,5,6,7, 8-octahydro-2, 3,8, 8-tetramethyl-2-naphthyl) -ethanone (known as iso E) Ethylene brassylate, methyl phenyl glycidyl ester, ethyl undecylenate, 15-hydroxypentadecanoic acid lactone (known as)1, 3,4,6,7, 8-hexahydro-4, 6,6,7,8, 8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran (known as) Geranyl anthranilate, geranyl phenyl acetate, hexadecanolide, hexenyl salicylate, hexyl cinnamaldehyde, hexyl salicylate, α -irone, gamma-ionone, gamma-n-methyl iononeP-tert-butyl- α -methylhydrocinnamaldehyde (known as p-tert-butyl- α)) Convallaldehyde (p-tert-orcanal)Linalyl benzoate, 2-methoxynaphthalene, methyl dihydrojasmonate, musk indanone, musk ketone, musk, myristyl ether, oxycetanolactone-10, oxycetanolactone-ll, patchouli alcohol, 5-acetyl-1, 1,2,3,3, 6-hexamethylindane (known as linalyl benzoate)) Phenyl ethyl benzoate, phenyl ethyl phenyl acetate, phenyl heptanol, phenyl hexanol, α -santalol, -undecalactone, gamma-undecalactone, vetiveryl acetate, β -naphthyl methyl ether (yara-yara), ylacene.

Perfume raw materials and accords can be obtained from one or more of the following perfume raw material suppliers: firmenich (Geneva, Switzerland), Givaudan (France), IFF (Hazlet, New Jersey, USA), Quest (Mount Olive, New Jersey, USA), Bedoukian (Danbury, Connecticut, USA), Sigma Aldrich St (Louis, Missouri, USA), Millennium Specialty Chemicals (Olympia files, Ill.), arone International (Jersey, New Jersey, USA), Fragrance Resources (Keyport, New Jersey, USA), and Aroma & fluor Specialties (Danbury, USA).

Perfume accords can be formulated around "long-lasting" perfumes (quadrant four) due to their high deposition efficiency, whereby the perfume impacts the fabric, whereas "non-long-lasting" perfumes (especially the quadrant first perfume ingredients) are considered difficult to deposit onto fabrics and are therefore generally used only in very low amounts to minimize waste and soiling. The first quadrant perfume ingredients are hydrophilic (e.g. ClogP below 3.0) and have low boiling points (e.g. boiling points below 250 ℃); thus, they are susceptible to loss in the wash or rinse medium or during thermal drying.

Active agent

The fibrous water-soluble unit dose article may comprise one or more active agents other than perfume. The active agent may be present in the fibrous element, in the particle, or as a concentrated composition or suspension in the article.

One or more active agents may be released from the fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure when the fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure is exposed to a triggering condition. The active agent may be released from the fibrous element and/or fibrous structure or a portion thereof when it loses its physical structure (e.g., dissolves, melts), changes its physical structure (e.g., swells, shrinks, lengthens, shortens). The active agent may be released when the fibrous structure or portion thereof changes morphology.

The fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure may release the active agent upon exposure of the fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure to a triggering condition that results in the release of the active agent, such as by causing the fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure to lose or change its characteristics, as described above. Non-limiting examples of triggering conditions include exposing the fibrous element and/or particle and/or fibrous structure to a solvent (a polar solvent such as alcohol and/or water, and/or a non-polar solvent), which may be continuous, depending on whether the filament-forming material comprises a polar solvent-soluble material and/or a non-polar solvent-soluble material; the washing liquid is formed by contacting the fibrous structure product with water.

The active agent may be selected from the group consisting of surfactants, structurants, builders, polymeric dispersants, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, bleach systems, brighteners, toners, chelants, suds suppressors, conditioners, humectants, perfumes, perfume microcapsules, fillers or carriers, alkalinity systems, pH control systems, buffering agents, alkanolamines, mosquito repellents, and mixtures thereof.

Surface active agent

The surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof.

Anionic surfactants

Suitable anionic surfactants may be present in the acid form, and the acid form may be neutralized to form a surfactant salt. Typical reagents for neutralization include basic metal counterions such as hydroxides, e.g., NaOH or KOH. Other suitable agents for neutralizing the anionic surfactant in its acid form include ammonia, amines or alkanolamines. Non-limiting examples of alkanolamines include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and other linear or branched alkanolamines known in the art; suitable alkanolamines include 2-amino-1-propanol, 1-aminopropanol, monoisopropanolamine or 1-amino-3-propanol. The amine neutralization may be accomplished to all or a partial degree, for example, a portion of the anionic surfactant mixture may be neutralized with sodium or potassium and a portion of the anionic surfactant mixture may be neutralized with an amine or alkanolamine.

Anionic surfactants can supplement salts as a means of regulating phase behavior; suitable salts may be selected from sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, sodium silicate, and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of suitable anionic surfactants include any conventional anionic surfactant. This may include sulphate detersive surfactants (e.g. alkoxylated and/or non-alkoxylated alkyl sulphate materials) and/or sulphonic detersive surfactants (e.g. alkyl benzene sulphonate). Suitable anionic surfactants may be derived from renewable resources, waste, petroleum or mixtures thereof. Suitable anionic surfactants may be linear, partially branched, or branched or mixtures thereof

Alkoxylated alkyl sulfate materials include ethoxylated alkyl sulfate surfactants, also known as alkyl ether sulfates or alkyl polyethoxylated sulfates. Examples of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates include the water soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium salts, of organosulfur reaction products having in their molecular structure an alkyl group containing from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms and sulfonic acids and salts thereof. (Included in the term "alkyl" are the alkyl portions of acyl groups). In some examples, the alkyl group contains from about 15 carbon atoms to about 30 carbon atoms. In other examples, the alkyl ether sulfate surfactant may be a mixture of alkyl ether sulfates having an average (arithmetic mean) carbon chain length in the range of about 12 to 30 carbon atoms; in some examples having an average carbon chain length of from about 12 to 15 carbon atoms and an average (arithmetic average) degree of ethoxylation of from about 1 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide; in some examples, an average (arithmetic mean) ethoxylation of 1.8 moles of ethylene oxide. In further examples, the alkyl ether sulfate surfactant may have a carbon chain length of between about 10 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms and a degree of ethoxylation of from about 1mol to about 6mol of ethylene oxide. In other examples, the alkyl ether sulfate surfactant may comprise a peak ethoxylate distribution.

Non-ethoxylated alkyl sulfates may also be added to the disclosed detergent compositions and used as anionic surfactant components. Examples of non-alkoxylated (e.g., non-ethoxylated) alkyl sulfate surfactants include those via C₈-C₂₀Those produced by sulfation of higher aliphatic alcohols. In some examples, the primary alkyl sulfate surfactant has the general formula: ROSO₃ ^-M⁺Wherein R is typically a straight chain C₈-C₂₀A hydrocarbyl group, which may be linear or branched, and M is a water-solubilizing cation. In some examples, R is C₁₀-C₁₈Alkyl, and M is an alkali metal. In other examples, R is C₁₂/C₁₄Alkyl, and M is sodium, such as those derived from natural alcohols.

Other useful anionic surfactants may include alkali metal salts of alkylbenzene sulfonic acids in a linear (linear) or branched configuration wherein the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms. In some examples, the alkyl group is linear. Such linear alkyl benzene sulphonates are known as "LAS". In other examples, the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate may have an average number of about 11 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. In a specific example, the linear alkyl benzene sulfonate may have an average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of about 11.8 carbon atoms, which may be abbreviated as C11.8 LAS.

Suitable alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) may be obtained by sulfonating commercially available Linear Alkyl Benzenes (LAB); suitable LAB include lower 2-phenyl LAB, such as under the trade name LABThose supplied by Sasol, or under the trade nameOther suitable LABs include higher order 2-phenyl LABs, such as those supplied by petresca, such as under the trade nameThose supplied by Sasol. Suitable anionic detersive surfactants are alkyl benzene sulphonates obtained by DETAL catalysed processes, although other synthetic routes such as HF may also be suitable. In one aspect, a magnesium salt of LAS is used.

Another example of a suitable alkylbenzene sulfonate is modified las (mlas), which is a positional isomer containing branching, such as methyl branching, where the aromatic ring is attached at the 2 or 3 position of the alkyl chain.

Anionic surfactants may include 2-alkyl branched primary alkyl sulfates having 100% branching at the C2 position (C1 is the carbon atom to which the alkoxylated sulfate moiety is covalently attached). 2-alkyl branched alkyl sulfates and 2-alkyl branched alkyl alkoxy sulfates are typically derived from 2-alkyl branched alcohols (as hydrophobes). 2-alkyl branched alcohols derived from oxo processes, such as 2-alkyl-1-alkanols or 2-alkyl primary alcohols, are commercially available from Sasol, for example,(which is prepared fromThe alcohol is prepared by a fractional distillation method). C14/C15 branched primary alkyl sulfates are also commercially available, for example, i.e.A sulfate salt.

The anionic surfactant may comprise a mid-chain branched anionic surfactant, for example a mid-chain branched anionic detersive surfactant, for example a mid-chain branched alkyl sulphate and/or a mid-chain branched alkyl benzene sulphonate.

Other suitable anionic surfactants include methyl ester sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, and internal olefin sulfonates.

Nonionic surfactant

Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkoxylated fatty alcohols. The nonionic surfactant can be selected from the group consisting of formula R (OC)₂H₄)_nOH, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon groups containing from about 8 to about 15 carbon atoms and alkylphenyl groups wherein the alkyl group contains from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms, and n has an average value of from about 5 to about 15.

Other non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants useful herein include: c₈-C₁₈Alkyl ethoxylates, such as from ShellA nonionic surfactant; c₆-C₁₂An alkylphenol alkoxylate, wherein the alkoxylate unit may be an ethyleneoxy unit, a propyleneoxy unit, or mixtures thereof; c₁₂-C₁₈Alcohol and C₆-C₁₂Condensates of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, such as from BASFC₁₄-C₂₂Mid-chain branched alcohols, BA; c₁₄-C₂₂Mid-chain branched alkyl alkoxylates, BAE_xWherein x is 1 to 30; an alkyl polysaccharide; in particular alkyl polyglycosides; polyhydroxy fatty acid amides; and ether-terminated poly (alkoxylated) alcohol surfactants.

Suitable non-ionsDetersive surfactants also include alkyl polyglucosides and alkyl alkoxylated alcohols. Suitable nonionic surfactants also include BASF under the trade name BASFThose that are sold.

Cationic surfactant

Non-limiting examples of cationic surfactants include: quaternary ammonium surfactants, which may have up to 26 carbon atoms, include: alkoxylated Quaternary Ammonium (AQA) surfactants; dimethyl hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium; dimethyl hydroxyethyl lauryl ammonium chloride; a polyamine cationic surfactant; an ester cationic surfactant; and amino surfactants such as amidopropyl dimethylamine (APA).

Suitable cationic detersive surfactants also include alkyl pyridinium compounds, alkyl quaternary ammonium compounds, alkyl quaternary phosphonium compounds, alkyl ternary sulfonium compounds, and mixtures thereof.

Suitable cationic detersive surfactants are quaternary ammonium compounds having the general formula:

(R)(R₁)(R₂)(R₃)N⁺X^-

wherein R is a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted C_6-18Alkyl or alkenyl moieties, R₁And R₂Independently selected from methyl or ethyl moieties, R₃Is a hydroxyl, hydroxymethyl, or hydroxyethyl moiety, X is an anion that provides electrical neutrality, and suitable anions include: halide ions, such as chloride ions; sulfate radical; and a sulfonate group. Suitable cationic detersive surfactants are mono-C_6-18Alkyl monohydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride. A highly suitable cationic detersive surfactant is mono C_8-10Alkyl monohydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride, mono C_10-12Alkyl monohydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride and mono C₁₀Alkyl monohydroxyethyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium chloride.

Zwitterionic surfactants

Suitable zwitterionic surfactant packagesIncluding derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium, or tertiary sulfonium compounds. Examples of suitable zwitterionic surfactants include betaines, including alkyl dimethyl betaine and coco dimethyl amidopropyl betaine, C₈To C₁₈(e.g. C)₁₂To C₁₈) Amine oxides and sulphobetaines and hydroxybetaines, such as N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylamino-1-propanesulfonate, where the alkyl group may be C₈To C₁₈。

Amphoteric surfactant

Suitable amphoteric surfactants include aliphatic derivatives of secondary or tertiary amines, or aliphatic derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains at least about 8 carbon atoms, alternatively from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and at least one of the aliphatic substituents contains a water-solubilizing anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate. Suitable amphoteric surfactants also include sarcosinates, glycinates, taurates, and mixtures thereof.

Enzyme

Examples of suitable enzymes include, but are not limited to: hemicellulase, peroxidase, protease, cellulase, xylanase, lipase, phospholipase, esterase, cutinase, pectinase, mannanase, pectate lyase, keratinase, reductase, oxidase, phenoloxidase, lipoxygenase, ligninase, pullulanase, tannase, pentosanase, mailanase, beta-glucanase, arabinase, hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, laccase, and amylase, or a mixture thereof. A typical combination is an enzyme mixture that may comprise, for example, a protease and a lipase in combination with an amylase. When present in a detergent composition, the aforementioned additional enzymes may be present at levels of enzyme protein from about 0.00001% to about 2%, from about 0.0001% to about 1%, or even from about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of the composition. The compositions disclosed herein may comprise from about 0.001% to about 1% by weight of an enzyme (as an adjunct) which may be selected from the group consisting of lipases, amylases, proteases, mannanases, cellulases, pectinases, and mixtures thereof.

Builder

Suitable builders include aluminosilicates (e.g. zeolite builders such as zeolite a, zeolite P and zeolite MAP), silicates, phosphates such as polyphosphates (e.g. sodium tripolyphosphate), especially the sodium salts thereof; carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate and carbonate minerals other than sodium carbonate or sesquicarbonate; organic monocarboxylates, dicarboxylates, tricarboxylates and tetracarboxylic acids, especially water-soluble, non-surfactant carboxylates in the form of acid, sodium, potassium or alkanolammonium salts, and oligomeric or water-soluble low molecular weight polymeric carboxylates, including aliphatic and aromatic types; and phytic acid. Other suitable builders may be selected from citric acid, lactic acid, fatty acids, polycarboxylate builders, for example copolymers of acrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid and maleic acid, and copolymers of acrylic acid and/or maleic acid with other suitable alkenyl monomers having various types of additional functional groups. Alternatively, the composition may be substantially free of builder.

Polymeric dispersants

Suitable polymeric dispersants include carboxymethylcellulose, poly (vinyl pyrrolidone), poly (ethylene glycol), ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) Triblock copolymer (wherein x₁And x₂Each in the range of about 2 to about 140 and y is in the range of about 15 to about 70), poly (vinyl alcohol), poly (vinylpyridine-N-oxide), poly (vinylimidazole), polycarboxylates such as polyacrylates, maleic/acrylic acid copolymers and lauryl methacrylate/acrylic acid copolymers.

Suitable polymeric dispersants include amphiphilic cleaning polymers such as compounds having the general structure: bis ((C)₂H₅O)(C₂H₄O)n)(CH₃)-N⁺-C_xH_2x-N⁺-(CH₃) -bis ((C)₂H₅O)(C₂H₄O) n), wherein n ═ 20 to 30, x ═ 3 to 8, or sulfated or sulfonated variants thereof.

Suitable polymeric dispersants include amphiphilic alkoxylated grease cleaning polymers which have balanced hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity so that they remove grease particles from fabrics and surfaces. Suitable amphiphilic alkoxylated grease cleaning polymers may include a core structure and a plurality of alkoxylate groups attached to the core structure. These may comprise alkoxylated polyalkyleneimines, for example polyalkyleneimines having an inner block of polyethylene oxide and an outer block of polypropylene oxide. Such compounds may include, but are not limited to, ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated hexamethylenediamine, and sulfated versions thereof. Polypropoxylated derivatives may also be included. A wide variety of amines and polyalkyleneimines can be alkoxylated to various degrees. One useful example is a polyethyleneimine core ethoxylated to 20 EO groups/NH of 600g/mol and available from BASF. The detergent compositions described herein may comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, and in some embodiments from about 0.1% to about 8%, and in other examples from about 0.1% to about 6%, by weight of the detergent composition, of alkoxylated polyamine.

Suitable polymeric dispersants include carboxylate polymers. Suitable carboxylate polymers which may optionally be sulfonated include maleic ester/acrylate random copolymers or poly (meth) acrylate homopolymers. In one aspect, the carboxylate polymer is a poly (meth) acrylate homopolymer having a molecular weight of 4,000Da to 9,000Da, or 6,000Da to 9,000 Da.

Suitable polymeric dispersants include alkoxylated polycarboxylates, which may also be used to provide grease removal. Chemically, these materials include poly (meth) acrylates having one ethoxy side chain per 7-8 (meth) acrylate unit. The side chain has the formula- (CH)₂CH₂O)_m(CH₂)_nCH₃Wherein m is 2 to 3 and n is 6 to 12. The pendant esters are linked to the polyacrylate "backbone" to provide a "comb" polymer structure. The molecular weight may vary, but may range from about 2000 to about 50,000. The detergent compositions described herein may comprise from about 0.1% to about 10%, and at one, by weight of the detergent compositionIn some embodiments from about 0.25% to about 5%, and in other examples from about 0.3% to about 2%, of an alkoxylated polycarboxylate.

Suitable polymeric dispersants include amphiphilic graft copolymers. Suitable amphiphilic graft copolymers comprise (i) a polyethylene glycol backbone; and (ii) at least one pendant moiety selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Suitable amphiphilic graft copolymers areHP22, supplied by BASF. Suitable polymers include random graft copolymers, such as polyvinyl acetate grafted polyethylene oxide copolymers having a polyethylene oxide backbone and a plurality of polyvinyl acetate side chains. The molecular weight of the polyethylene oxide backbone is about 6000 and the weight ratio of polyethylene oxide to polyvinyl acetate is about 40 to 60 with no more than 1 graft point per 50 ethylene oxide units.

Soil release polymers

Suitable soil release polymers have a structure defined by one of the following structures (I), (II), or (III):

(I)-[(OCHR¹-CHR²)_a-O-OC-Ar-CO-]_d

(II)-[(OCHR³-CHR⁴)_b-O-OC-sAr-CO-]_e

(III)-[(OCHR⁵-CHR⁶)_c-OR⁷]_f

wherein:

a. b and c are 1 to 200;

d. e and f are 1 to 50;

ar is 1, 4-substituted phenylene;

sAr is SO substituted in the 5-position₃1, 3-substituted phenylene substituted with Me;

me is Li, K, Mg/2, Ca/2, Al/3, ammonium, monoalkylammonium, dialkylammonium, trialkylammonium or tetraalkylammonium, where alkyl is C₁-C₁₈Alkyl or C₂-C₁₀Hydroxyalkyl or mixtures thereof;

R¹、R²、R³、R⁴、R⁵and R⁶Independently selected from H or C₁-C₁₈N-alkyl or C₁-C₁₈An isoalkyl group; and

R⁷is straight-chain or branched C₁-C₁₈Alkyl, or straight or branched C₂-C₃₀Alkenyl, or cycloalkyl having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, or C₈-C₃₀Aryl, or C₆-C₃₀An arylalkyl group.

Suitable soil release polymers are polyester soil release polymers such as the Rebel-o-tex polymers, including the Rebel-o-tex SF, SF-2 and SRP6 supplied by Rhodia. Other suitable soil release polymers include Texcare polymers, including Texcare SRA100, SRA300, SRN100, SRN170, SRN240, SRN300, and SRN325 supplied by Clariant. Other suitable soil release polymers are Marloquest polymers, such as Marloquest SL supplied by Sasol.

Cellulose polymers

Suitable cellulosic polymers include those selected from the group consisting of: alkyl cellulose, alkyl alkoxyalkyl cellulose, carboxyalkyl cellulose, alkyl carboxyalkyl cellulose. The cellulosic polymer may be selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose, methylcarboxymethyl cellulose, and mixtures thereof. In one aspect, the carboxymethyl cellulose has a degree of carboxymethyl substitution of 0.5 to 0.9 and a molecular weight of 100,000Da to 300,000 Da.

Amines as pesticides

Non-limiting examples of amines can include, but are not limited to, polyetheramines, polyamines, oligoamines, triamines, diamines, pentaamines, tetraamines, or combinations thereof. Specific examples of suitable additional amines include tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, or mixtures thereof.

Bleaching agent

Suitable bleaching agents in addition to bleach catalysts include photobleaches, bleach activators, hydrogen peroxide, sources of hydrogen peroxide, preformed peracids, and mixtures thereof. Generally, when a bleaching agent is used, the detergent compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.1% to about 50%, or even from about 0.1% to about 25%, by weight of the detergent composition, of the bleaching agent.

Bleaching catalyst

Suitable bleach catalysts include, but are not limited to: iminium cations and polyions; an imine zwitterion; a modified amine; a modified amine oxide; n-sulfonylimines; n-phosphonoimine; an N-acylimine; thiadiazole dioxides; a perfluoroimine; cyclic sugar ketones and mixtures thereof.

Whitening agent

Commercially available optical brighteners suitable for use in the present disclosure may be divided into subclasses which include, but are not limited to, stilbene, pyrazoline, coumarin, benzoxazole, carboxylic acid, methine cyanine, 5-dibenzothiophene dioxide, oxazole, derivatives of 5-and 6-membered ring heterocycles and other miscellaneous agents.

The fluorescent whitening agent may be selected from disodium 4,4' -bis { [ 4-phenylamino-6-morpholino-s-triazine-2-yl ] -amino } -2,2' -stilbene disulfonate (brightener 15, commercially available under the trade name Tinopal AMS-GX (BASF)), disodium 4,4' -bis { [ 4-phenylamino-6- (N-2-bis-hydroxyethyl) -s-triazine-2-yl ] -amino } -2,2' -stilbene disulfonate (commercially available under the trade name Tinopal una a-GX from BASF), 4' -bis { [ 4-phenylamino-6- (N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-methylamino) -s-triazine-2-yl ] -amino } -2, disodium 2' -stilbene disulfonate (commercially available from BASF under the trade name Tinopal 5 BM-GX). More preferably, the fluorescent whitening agent is disodium 4,4 '-bis { [ 4-phenylamino-6-morpholino-s-triazin-2-yl ] -amino } -2,2' -stilbene disulfonate.

The whitening agent may be added in particulate form or as a pre-mix with a suitable solvent, for example a non-ionic surfactant, propylene glycol.

Fabric toner

Fabric hueing agents (sometimes referred to as opacifiers, bluing agents or brighteners) typically provide a blue or violet shade to fabrics. Toners can be used alone or in combination to create a particular shade of toning and/or to tone different fabric types. This may be provided, for example, by mixing red and blue-green dyes to produce a blue or violet hue. The toners may be selected from any known chemical class of dyes including, but not limited to, acridines, anthraquinones (including polycyclic quinones), azines, azos (e.g., monoazo, disazo, trisazo, tetrazo, polyazo), including premetallized azos, benzodifurans and benzodifuranones, carotenoids, coumarins, cyanines, diaza hemicyanines, diphenylmethane, formazans, hemicyanines, indigoids, methane, naphthalimides, naphthoquinones, nitro and nitroso groups, oxazines, phthalocyanines, pyrazoles, stilbene, styryl, triarylmethanes, triphenylmethane, xanthenes, and mixtures thereof.

Suitable fabric hueing agents include dyes, dye-clay conjugates, and organic and inorganic pigments. Suitable dyes also include small molecule dyes and polymeric dyes. Suitable small molecule dyes include those selected from direct, basic, reactive, or hydrolyzed reactive, solvent, or disperse dyes belonging to the color index (c.i.) class (e.g., classified as blue, violet, red, green, or black) and which, alone or in combination, provide the desired hue. Suitable polymeric dyes include polymeric dyes selected from the group consisting of: polymers containing covalently bound (sometimes referred to as conjugated) chromogens (dye-polymer conjugates) (e.g., polymers having chromogens copolymerized into the polymer backbone), and mixtures thereof. Suitable polymeric dyes also include polymeric dyes selected from the group consisting of: under the trade name of(Milliken, Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA)) of a fabric-entity stain, a dye-polymer conjugate formed from at least one reactive dye, and a polymer selected from a polymer comprising a moiety selected from: hydroxyl moieties, primary amine moieties, secondary amine moieties, thiol moieties, and mixtures thereof. Suitable polymeric dyes also include polymeric dyes selected from the group consisting of:violet CT, carboxymethyl CELLULOSE (CMC) covalently bound to a reactive blue, reactive violet or reactive red dye, such as CMC conjugated to c.i. reactive blue 19 (sold under the product name AZO-CM-CELLULOSE by Megazyme, Wicklow, Ireland under the product code S-ACMC), alkoxylated triphenyl-methane polymeric colorants, alkoxylated thiophene polymeric colorants, and mixtures thereof.

The above-described fabric hueing agents may be used in combination (any mixture of fabric hueing agents may be used).

Encapsulated article

The encapsulate can comprise a core, a shell having inner and outer surfaces, the shell encapsulating the core. The core may comprise any laundry care adjunct, however the core may typically comprise a material selected from: a fragrance; a whitening agent; a hueing dye; an insect repellent; a siloxane; a wax; a flavoring agent; a vitamin; a fabric softener; skin care agents, in one aspect, paraffin; an enzyme; an antibacterial agent; a bleaching agent; a sensate; and mixtures thereof; and the housing may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene; a polyamide; polyvinyl alcohol, optionally containing other comonomers; polystyrene; a polyisoprene; a polycarbonate; a polyester; a polyacrylate; aminoplasts which in one aspect may comprise polyureas, polyurethanes, and/or polyureaurethanes, which in one aspect may comprise polyoxymethylene ureas and/or melamine formaldehyde resins; a polyolefin; polysaccharides, which in one aspect may include alginate and/or chitosan; gelatin; lac; an epoxy resin; a vinyl polymer; a water-insoluble inorganic substance; an organosilicon; and mixtures thereof.

Preferred encapsulates comprise perfume. Preferred encapsulants include an outer shell which may comprise melamine formaldehyde and/or cross-linked melamine formaldehyde. Other preferred capsules comprise a polyacrylate based shell. Preferred encapsulants include a core material and a shell, the shell at least partially surrounding the core material being disclosed. At least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a burst strength of 0.2Mpa to 10Mpa and a benefit agent leakage of 0% to 20%, even less than 10% or 5% based on the total benefit agent of the initial encapsulation. It is preferred that wherein at least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a particle size of (i)1 micron to 80 microns, 5 microns to 60 microns, 10 microns to 50 microns, or even 15 microns to 40 microns and/or (ii) at least 75%, 85% or even 90% of the encapsulates may have a particle wall thickness of 30nm to 250nm, 80nm to 180nm or even 100nm to 160 nm. Formaldehyde scavengers may be used with the encapsulate, for example, in a capsule slurry, and/or added to such compositions before, during, or after the encapsulate is added to the composition.

Suitable capsules may be prepared using known methods. Alternatively, suitable capsules are available from Encapsys LLC of Appleton, wisconsin usa. In a preferred aspect, the composition may comprise a deposition aid, preferably in addition to the encapsulate. Preferred deposition aids are selected from cationic polymers and nonionic polymers. Suitable polymers include cationic starch, cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl formaldehyde, locust bean gum, mannan, xyloglucan, tamarind gum, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymers comprising dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and optionally one or more monomers selected from acrylic acid and acrylamide.

Dye transfer inhibitors

Dye transfer inhibiting agents are effective in inhibiting the transfer of dyes from one fabric to another during the cleaning process. Generally, such dye transfer inhibiting agents can include polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganese phthalocyanines, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof. If used, these agents may be used at concentrations of from about 0.0001% to about 10% by weight of the composition, in some examples from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the composition, and in other examples from about 0.05% to about 2% by weight of the composition.

Chelating agents

Suitable chelating agents include copper, iron and/or manganese chelating agents and mixtures thereof. Such chelating agents may be selected from the group consisting of phosphonates,Aminocarboxylates, aminophosphonates, succinates, polyfunctional substituted aromatic chelating agents, 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide compounds, hydroxamic acids, carboxymethyl inulin, and mixtures thereof. The chelating agent may be present in acid or salt form, including alkali metal, ammonium, and substituted ammonium salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable chelating agents for use herein are the commercially available DEQUEST series; chelating agents from Monsanto, Akzo-Nobel, DuPont, Dow; from BASF and NalcoAnd (4) series.

Suds suppressor

The compounds for reducing or inhibiting foam formation may be incorporated into a water-soluble unit dose article. Suds suppression may be particularly important in so-called "high-consistency cleaning processes" and in front-loading washing machines. Examples of suds suppressors include monocarboxylic fatty acids and soluble salts thereof, high molecular weight hydrocarbons such as paraffins, fatty acid esters (e.g., fatty acid triglycerides), fatty acid esters of monohydric alcohols, aliphatic C₁₈-C₄₀Ketones (e.g., stearyl ketone), N-alkylated aminotriazines, waxy hydrocarbons preferably having a melting point of less than about 100 ℃, silicone suds suppressors, and secondary alcohols.

Other suitable defoamers are those derived from phenylpropylmethyl substituted polysiloxanes.

The detergent composition may comprise a suds suppressor selected from organomodified silicone polymers having aryl or alkylaryl substituents in combination with a silicone resin, and a primary filler which is a modified silica. Detergent compositions may comprise from about 0.001% to about 4.0% by weight of the composition of such suds suppressors.

The detergent composition comprises a suds suppressor selected from the group consisting of: a) from about 80% to about 92% ethylmethyl (2-phenylpropyl) methylsiloxane; about 5% to about 14% MQ resin in octyl stearate; and about 3% to about 7% of a modified silica; b) from about 78% to about 92% of ethyl methyl (2-phenylpropyl) siloxanylmethyl ester; about 3% to about 10% MQ resin in octyl stearate; a mixture of about 4% to about 12% modified silica; or c) mixtures thereof, wherein the percentages are by weight of the anti-foam.

Foam promoter

If high foam is desired, a foam promoter such as C can be used₁₀-C₁₆An alkanolamide. Some examples include C₁₀-C₁₄Monoethanolamide and diethanolamide. If desired, water soluble magnesium and/or calcium salts (such as MgCl) can be added at levels of from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of the detergent composition₂、MgSO₄、CaCl₂、CaSO₄Etc.) to provide additional foam and enhance grease removal performance.

Conditioning agent

Suitable conditioning agents include high melting point fatty compounds. The high melting point fatty compounds useful herein have a melting point of 25 ℃ or greater and are selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Suitable conditioning agents also include nonionic polymers and conditioning oils, such as hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty esters.

Suitable conditioning agents include those typically characterized as silicones (e.g., silicone oils, silicones, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive silicones, and silicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty esters), or combinations thereof, or those conditioning agents that form liquid dispersed particles in the aqueous surfactant matrix herein.

Fabric reinforced polymers

Suitable fabric reinforcing polymers are generally cationically charged and/or have a high molecular weight. The fabric enhancing polymer may be a homopolymer or be formed from two or more types of monomers. The monomer weight of the polymer is typically from 5,000 to 10,000,000, typically at least 10,000, and preferably from 100,000 to 2,000,000. Preferred fabric enhancing polymers will have a cationic charge density of at least 0.2meq/gm, preferably at least 0.25meq/gm, more preferably at least 0.3meq/gm, but also preferably less than 5meq/gm, more preferably less than 3meq, and most preferably less than 2meq/gm at the pH of the intended use of the composition, which is typically from pH 3 to pH 9, preferably from pH 4 to pH 8. The fabric enhancing polymer may be of natural or synthetic origin.

Pearling agent

Non-limiting examples of pearlescent agents include: mica; titanium dioxide coated mica; bismuth oxychloride; fish scales; mono-or diesters of alkylene glycols. The pearlescent agent may be Ethylene Glycol Distearate (EGDS).

Hygiene and malodour

Suitable hygiene and malodor actives include zinc ricinoleate, thymol, quaternary ammonium salts such asPolyethyleneimine (e.g. of BASF)) And their zinc complexes, silver and silver compounds, especially those designed for slow release of Ag⁺Or a compound of a nano-silver dispersion.

Buffer system

The water-soluble unit dose articles described herein can be formulated such that during use in an aqueous cleaning operation, the wash water will have a pH of between about 7.0 and about 12, and in some examples, will have a pH of between about 7.0 and about 11. Techniques for controlling the pH at the recommended usage level include the use of buffers, bases or acids, and the like, and are well known to those skilled in the art. These include, but are not limited to, the use of sodium carbonate, citric acid or sodium citrate, lactic acid or lactate, monoethanolamine or other amines, boric acid or borates, and other pH adjusting compounds well known in the art.

The detergent compositions herein may include a dynamic in-wash pH profile. Such detergent compositions may use wax-coated citric acid particles with other pH control agents such that (i) after about 3 minutes of contact with water, the pH of the wash liquor is greater than 10; (ii) after about 10 minutes of contact with water, the pH of the wash liquor is less than 9.5; (iii) after about 20 minutes of contact with water, the pH of the wash liquor is less than 9.0; and (iv) optionally, wherein the wash liquor has an equilibrium pH in the range of from about 7.0 to about 8.5.

Granules

The water-soluble unit dose articles disclosed herein may comprise one or more particles within or on the fibrous structure. The particles may be water soluble. The particles may contain soluble and/or insoluble materials, wherein the insoluble materials are dispersible to a suspension under aqueous washing conditions and have an average particle size of less than about 20 microns. The particles may be water soluble, e.g. substantially free of insoluble material.

The particles may be discrete. As used herein, the term "discrete" refers to particles that are structurally different from one another under the naked eye or under an electron imaging device, such as a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Under the naked eye, the particles may be discrete from one another.

As used herein, the term "particle" refers to a trace amount of solid matter. The particles may be powders, granules, agglomerates, capsules, microcapsules, and/or pellets. The particles can be prepared using a number of methods well known in the art, such as spray drying, agglomeration, extrusion, granulation, encapsulation, pastillation, and combinations thereof. The shape of the particles may be spherical, rod-like, plate-like, tubular, square, rectangular, disk-like, star-like or regularly or irregularly shaped flakes. The particles disclosed herein are generally non-fibrous.

Each particle may contain a surfactant having a relatively high hydrophilicity. Such surfactants are very effective in cleaning fabrics and removing stains and are therefore desirable for inclusion in the water-soluble unit dose articles disclosed herein. However, surfactants with higher hydrophilicity can form a viscous, gelatinous hexagonal phase when dissolved in water. It is therefore difficult to formulate such surfactants into the above-described fibrous elements because the viscous hexagonal phase may adversely affect processing of the fibrous element and formation of the fibrous structure. Such processing challenges can be readily avoided by formulating such surfactants as particles distributed throughout the fibrous structure. Furthermore, since the viscous hexagonal phase can slow the dissolution of the water-soluble unit dose article in water during use, it is also helpful to formulate such hydrophilic surfactants as particles that can be readily dispersed in water, which improves the overall dissolution of the water-soluble unit dose article in the wash process.

The particles can have a relatively low water/moisture content (e.g., no more than about 10 wt.% of the total water/moisture, or no more than about 8 wt.% of the total water/moisture, or no more than about 5 wt.% of the total moisture), and particularly a relatively low free/unbound water content (e.g., no more than about 3 wt.% free or unbound water, or no more than about 1 wt.% free or unbound water), such that water from the particles does not compromise the structural integrity of the fibrous structure. Furthermore, the controlled moisture content in the granules reduces the risk of gelling of the granules themselves. The water/moisture content present in the granules was measured using the following moisture content test method.

The bulk density of the particles may range from about 500g/L to about 1000g/L, or from about 600g/L to about 900g/L, or from about 700g/L to about 800 g/L.

As with the fibrous structures and fibrous elements described above, the particles are also characterized by a sufficiently high surfactant content, for example, at least about 30%, or at least about 50%, or at least about 60%, and/or at least about 70%, by total weight of each particle.

Each particle may contain a surfactant selected from the group consisting of C6-C20 linear or branched Alkyl Alkoxylated Sulfates (AAS) having a weight average degree of alkoxylation in the range of about 0.1 to about 10, C6-C20 alkyl Alkoxylated Alcohols (AA) having a weight average degree of alkoxylation in the range of about 5 to about 15, and combinations thereof. The surfactant may be C having a weight average degree of alkoxylation in the range of about 0.1 to about 10₆-C₂₀Linear or branched AAS surfactants, or C having a weight average degree of alkoxylation in the range of about 1 to about 5₁₀-C₁₆Linear or branched Alkyl Ethoxylated Sulfate (AES). Such AAS (e.g., AES) surfactants may be used alone or in combination with other surfactants. AAS (e.g., AES) surfactants may be used as the primary surfactant in each particle, i.e., it may be based on all surfactants in the particle50% or more by total weight, while one or more other surfactants (anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and/or cationic) may be present as co-surfactants for such AAS (e.g., AES). The particles may comprise from about 15 wt% to about 60 wt%, or from 20 wt% to 40 wt% of alkyl alkoxylated sulphate, or from 30 wt% to 80 wt%, or even from 50 wt% to 70 wt% of alkyl alkoxylated sulphate.

The surfactant in the particles may be a nonionic surfactant. Suitable nonionic surfactants include alkyl alkoxylated alcohols, such as of the formula R (OC)₂H₄)_n(iii) alkyl ethoxylated alcohols and alkyl ethoxylated phenols of OH wherein R is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 8 to about 15 carbon atoms and alkylphenyl radicals wherein the alkyl radical contains from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms and n has an average value of from about 5 to about 15. The nonionic surfactant may be selected from ethoxylated alcohols having an average of about 12 to 14 carbon atoms in the alcohol and an average degree of ethoxylation of about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. Other non-limiting examples of nonionic surfactants useful herein include: c₈-C₁₈Alkyl ethoxylates, e.g. from ShellA nonionic surfactant; c₆-C₁₂An alkylphenol alkoxylate, wherein the alkoxylate unit may be an ethyleneoxy unit, a propyleneoxy unit, or mixtures thereof; c₁₂-C₁₈Alcohol and C₆-C₁₂Condensates of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, such as from BASFC₁₄-C₂₂Mid-chain branched alcohols; c₁₄-C₂₂Mid-chain branched alkyl alkoxylates, BAE_xWherein x is 1 to 30; alkyl polysaccharides, and in particular alkyl polyglycosides; polyhydroxy fatty acid amides; and ether-terminated poly (alkoxy)Chemo) alcohol surfactants. Suitable nonionic surfactants also include BASF under the trade name BASFThose that are sold.

The nonionic surfactant may be C having a weight average degree of alkoxylation in the range of 5 to 15₆-C₂₀An alkyl Alkoxylated Alcohol (AA), which may be present in the particle alone or in combination with AAs or AES surfactant as described above. AA may be present in the particle as the primary surfactant or as a co-surfactant for AAs or AES. AAS (e.g., AES) surfactant may be present in the particle as the primary surfactant, while AA surfactant is present as a co-surfactant to such AAS or AES surfactant in a weight ratio of, for example, about 1:15 to about 1:2, or about 1:10 to about 1:3, and/or about 1:8 to about 1: 4.

The hydrophilic surfactant may be present in each particle in an amount ranging from about 20% to about 90%, or from about 30% to about 90%, or from about 40% to about 90%, or from about 50% to about 90%, by total weight of each particle.

Further, the particles described herein can comprise one or more additional surfactants selected from other anionic surfactants (i.e., in addition to AAS and AES), amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants, combinations thereof, as described above for the fibrous structure. These additional surfactants may be present in each particle in an amount in the range of from about 0% to about 50%, or from about 1% to about 40%, or from about 2% to about 30%, or from about 5% to about 20%, by total weight of each particle. For example, such additional surfactant may be selected from C₆-C₂₀Linear or branched LAS, C₆-C₂₀Straight or branched AS, C₆-C₂₀Straight or branched chain alkylsulfonic acid salts, C₆-C₂₀Straight or branched chain alkyl carboxylates, C₆-C₂₀Linear or branched alkyl phosphates, C₆-C₂₀Linear or branched alkylphosphonates, C₆-C₂₀Alkyl N-methylglucamides, C₆-C₂₀Methyl Ester Sulfonates (MES), and combinations thereof. The particles may comprise an alkylbenzene sulphonate, such as Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS). The particles may comprise from 1 wt% to 50 wt% alkylbenzene sulfonate, or from 5 wt% to 30 wt% alkylbenzene sulfonate.

The above surfactants may form a surfactant system, which may be present in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 90%, or from about 10% to about 90%, or from about 20% to about 90%, or from about 30% to about 90%, and or from about 50% to about 90%, by total weight of the particle.

The particles described herein may comprise one or more additional active agents (in addition to the surfactants described above).

Each particle may also comprise from about 0.5% to about 20%, or from about 1% to about 15%, or from about 2% to about 10%, by total weight of such particles, of a rheology modifier. As used herein, the term "rheology modifier" refers to a material that interacts with a concentrated surfactant, preferably a concentrated surfactant having a mesomorphic phase structure, in a manner that substantially reduces the viscosity and elasticity of the concentrated surfactant. Suitable rheology modifiers include, but are not limited to, sorbitol ethoxylates, glycerol ethoxylates, sorbitan esters, tallow alkyl ethoxylated alcohols, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) Triblock copolymers of which x₁And x₂Each in the range of about 2 to about 140 and y is in the range of about 15 to about 70, Polyethyleneimine (PEI), alkoxylated versions of PEI, preferably ethoxylated PEI, N' -tetraethoxyethylenediamine, and mixtures thereof.

The rheology modifier is preferably a "functional rheology modifier", which means that the rheology modifier has an additional detergent function. In some cases, the dispersant polymers described below may also be used as functional rheology modifiers. The rheology modifier is preferably selected from alkoxylated polyalkyleneimines, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) Triblock copolymers of which x₁And x₂Each in the range of about 2 to about 140 and y is in the range of about 15 to about 70, N' -tetraethoxyethylenediamine, and mixtures thereof.

The rheology modifier may comprise one of the polymers described above, such as a combination of ethoxylated PEI and a polyalkylene glycol. When the second surfactant is AAS or AES, each particle may further comprise from about 0.5% to about 20%, or from about 1% to about 15%, or from about 2% to about 10%, by total weight of such each discrete particle, of a polyalkylene glycol. The polyalkylene glycol may be a polyethylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of from 500 daltons to 20,000 daltons, or from about 1000 daltons to 15,000 daltons, and/or from 2000 daltons to 8000 daltons.

Alkoxylated polyalkyleneimines: the alkoxylated polyalkyleneimines may have the empirical formula (PEI)_a(CH₂CH₂O)_b(CH₂CH₂CH₂O)_cWherein the PEI is a polyethyleneimine core; a is the number average Molecular Weight (MW) of the PEI core before modification_n) In the range of from about 100 daltons to about 100,000 daltons, or from about 200 daltons to about 5000 daltons, or from about 500 daltons to about 1000 daltons; b is ethylene oxide (CH) per nitrogen atom in the PEI core₂CH₂O) a weight average number of units in the range of 0 to about 60, or about 1 to about 50, or about 5 to about 40, or about 10 to about 30; and c is propylene oxide (CH) per nitrogen atom in the PEI core₂CH₂CH₂O) a weight average number of units in the range of 0 to about 60, or 0 to about 40, or 0 to about 30, or 0 to about 20.

_{1 2}Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOxPoyEOx) triblock copolymers: in the case of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) In the triblock copolymer, x₁And x₂Each in a range of about 2 to about 140, and y is in a range of about 15 to about 70. Ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) The triblock copolymer preferably has an average propylene oxide chain length of 20 to 70, preferably 30 to 60, more preferably 45 to 55 propylene oxide units.

Preferably, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) The triblock copolymer has a molecular weight of from about 1000 daltons to about 10,000 daltons, preferably from about 1500 daltons to about 8000 daltons, more preferably from about 2000 daltons to about 7000 daltons, even more preferably from about 2500 daltons to about 5000 daltons, most preferably from about 3500 daltons to about 3800 daltons.

Preferably, each ethylene oxide block or chain independently has an average chain length of from 2 to 90, preferably from 3 to 50, more preferably from 4 to 20 ethylene oxide units. Preferably, the copolymer comprises from 10% to 90%, preferably from 15% to 50%, most preferably from 15% to 25% of the combined ethylene oxide blocks by weight of the copolymer. Most preferably, the total ethylene oxide content is equally divided over the two ethylene oxide blocks. The same split in this context means that each ethylene oxide block comprises on average from 40% to 60%, preferably from 45% to 55%, even more preferably from 48% to 52%, most preferably 50%, of the total number of ethylene oxide units, the% of the two ethylene oxide blocks totaling up to 100%. Some ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) Triblock copolymers of which x₁And x₂Each in the range of about 2 to about 140 and y in the range of about 15 to about 70, improves cleaning.

Preferably, the copolymer has a molecular weight of about 3500 daltons to about 3800 daltons, a propylene oxide content of 45 to 55 propylene oxide units, and an ethylene oxide content of 4 to 20 ethylene oxide units per ethylene oxide block.

Preferably, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) The triblock copolymer has a molecular weight of from 1000 daltons to 10,000 daltons, preferably from 1500 daltons to 8000 daltons, more preferably from 2000 daltons to 7500 daltons. Preferably, the copolymer comprises from 10% to 95%, preferably from 12% to 90%, most preferably from 15% to 85% of the combined ethylene oxide blocks by weight of the copolymer. Some ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide (EOx)₁POyEOx₂) Triblock copolymers of which x₁And x₂Each in the range of about 2 to about 140 and y in the range of about 15 to about 70, improves solubility.

Suitable ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide triblock copolymers are commercially available from BASF under the trade name pluronic pe series or from dow chemical under the Tergitol L series. A particularly suitable material is pluronic pe 9200.

N, N, N ', N' -tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine: n, N' -tetrakis (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine is a suitable functional rheology modifier, which also has chelating activity.

The size distribution of the particles characterized according to the particle size distribution test method can have a D50 greater than about 150 μm and less than about 1600 μm, or a D50 greater than 205 μm and less than about 1000 μm, or a D50 greater than about 300 μm and less than about 850 μm D90, or greater than about 350 μm and less than about 700 μm D50.

The particle size distribution of the particles characterized according to the particle size distribution test method may have a D20 of greater than about 150 μm and a D80 of less than about 1400 μm, or a D20 of greater than about 200 μm and a D80 of less than about 1180 μm, or a D20 of greater than about 250 μm and a D80 of less than about 1000 μm.

The particle size distribution of the particles characterized according to the particle size distribution test method may have a D10 of greater than about 150 μm and a D90 of less than about 1400 μm, or a D10 of greater than about 200 μm and a D90 of less than about 1180 μm, or a D10 of greater than about 250 μm and a D90 of less than about 1000 μm.

The particles disclosed herein may optionally include one or more other active agents (e.g., adjunct detergent ingredients) for aiding or enhancing cleaning performance or altering its aesthetics. Illustrative examples of such adjunct detergent ingredients include: (1) inorganic and/or organic builders, such as carbonates (including bicarbonates and sesquicarbonates), sulphates, phosphates (e.g. tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates and glassy polymeric metaphosphates), phosphonates, phytic acid, silicates, zeolites, citrates, polycarboxylates and salts thereof (such as mellitic acid, succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3, 5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethoxysuccinic acid, and soluble salts thereof), ether hydroxypolycarboxylates, maleatesCopolymers of maleic anhydride with ethylene or methyl vinyl ether, 1,3, 5-trihydroxybenzene-2, 4, 6-trisulfonic acid, 3-dicarboxy-4-oxa-1, 6-adipate, polyacetic acids (such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid) and salts thereof, fatty acids (such as C)₁₂-C₁₈Monocarboxylic acids); (2) chelating agents, such as iron and/or manganese chelating agents selected from the group consisting of amino carboxylates, amino phosphonates, polyfunctionally-substituted aromatic chelating agents, and mixtures thereof; (3) clay-removal/anti-redeposition agents such as water-soluble ethoxylated amines (particularly ethoxylated tetraethylene-pentamine); (4) polymeric dispersants such as polymeric polycarboxylates, acrylic acid/maleic acid based copolymers and water soluble salts thereof, hydroxypropyl acrylate, maleic acid/acrylic acid/vinyl alcohol terpolymers, polyaspartates and polyglutamates; (5) optical brighteners, including but not limited to derivatives of stilbene, pyrazolines, coumarins, carboxylic acids, methinecyanines, dibenzothiophene-5, 5-dioxides, azoles, 5-and 6-membered ring heterocycles, and the like; (6) suds suppressors, such as monocarboxylic fatty acids and soluble salts thereof, high molecular weight hydrocarbons (e.g., paraffins, halogenated paraffins, fatty acid esters of monovalent alcohols, aliphatic C' s₁₈-C₄₀Ketones, etc.), N-alkylated aminotriazines, propylene oxide, monostearyl phosphates, silicones or derivatives thereof, secondary alcohols (e.g., 2-alkyl alkanols), and mixtures of such alcohols with silicone oils; (7) foam boosters, such as C₁₀-C₁₆Alkanolamide, C₁₀-C₁₄Monoethanol and diethanolamide, high foaming surfactants (e.g., amine oxides, betaines, and sultaines), and soluble magnesium salts (e.g., MgCl)₂、MgSO₄Etc.); (8) fabric softeners, such as montmorillonite clay, amine softeners, and cationic softeners; (9) pigment transfer inhibitors such as polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylimidazole, manganese phthalocyanines, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof; (10) enzymes such as proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and peroxidases, and mixtures thereof; (11) enzyme stabilizers including water soluble sources of calcium and magnesium ions, boric acid or borates (such as oxide)Boron, borax, and other alkali metal borates); (12) bleaching agents such as percarbonates (e.g., sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate, sodium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide), persulfates, perborates, magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of m-chloroperbenzoic acid, 4-nonylamino-4-oxoperoxybutyric acid and diperoxydodecanedioic acid, 6-nonylamino-6-oxoperoxyhexanoic acid, and photoactivated bleaching agents (e.g., zinc sulfonate and/or aluminum phthalocyanine); (13) bleach activators such as Nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS), Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), amide-derived bleach activators including (6-octanamido caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamido caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanamido caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, and mixtures thereof, benzoxazine activators, acyllactam activators (especially acylcaprolactams and acylvalerolactams); and (14) any other known detergent adjunct ingredients including, but not limited to, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, dyes or pigments (especially hueing dyes), perfumes (including neat perfumes and perfume microcapsules) and solid fillers.

Other particles

In addition to the surfactant-containing particles described above, the water-soluble unit dose articles described herein may also comprise other particles distributed throughout the fibrous structure. For example, such other particles may include soluble and/or insoluble materials, wherein the insoluble materials are dispersible to a suspension under aqueous washing conditions, with an average particle size of less than about 20 microns.

The other particles may be powders, granules, agglomerates, capsules, microcapsules, and/or pellets. Other particles can be prepared using many methods well known in the art, such as spray drying, agglomeration, extrusion, granulation, encapsulation, pastillation, and combinations thereof. The shape of the other particles may be in the form of: spherical, rod-like, plate-like, tubular, square, rectangular, disk-like, star-like, fibrous, or have a random shape, regular or irregular.

Other particles may have a D50 particle size of about 150 μm to about 1600 μm as measured according to the particle size distribution test method.

The other particles may be any solid, free-flowing particles, and may include mixtures of chemically different particles, such as: surfactant granules (those granules substantially free of secondary surfactant) including surfactant agglomerates, surfactant extrudates, surfactant needles, surfactant noodles, surfactant flakes; phosphate particles; zeolite particles; silicate particles, especially sodium silicate particles; carbonate particles, especially sodium carbonate particles; polymer particles such as carboxylate polymer particles, cellulosic polymer particles, starch particles, polyester particles, polyamine particles, terephthalic acid polymer particles, polyethylene glycol particles; aesthetic particles such as colored bars, needles, lamellar particles, and ring particles; enzyme granules, such as protease granules, amylase granules, lipase granules, cellulase granules, mannanase granules, pectate lyase granules, xyloglucanase granules, bleaching enzyme granules, and co-granules of any of these enzymes, which may comprise sodium sulfate; bleach particles, such as percarbonate particles, in particular coated percarbonate particles, such as percarbonate coated with carbonate, sulphate, silicate, borosilicate, or any combination thereof, perborate particles, bleach activator particles such as tetraacetylethylenediamine particles and/or alkyloxybenzenesulfonate particles, bleach catalyst particles such as transition metal catalyst particles, and/or isoquinolinium bleach catalyst particles, preformed peracid particles, in particular coated preformed peracid particles; filler particles such as sulfate and chloride particles; clay particles such as montmorillonite particles and clay and silicone particles; flocculant particles, such as polyethylene oxide particles; wax particles, such as waxy agglomerates; silicone particles, brightener particles; dye transfer inhibitor particles; dye fixative particles; perfume particles, such as perfume microcapsules and starch encapsulated perfume accord particles, and pro-perfume particles, such as schiff base reaction product particles; a hueing dye particle; chelant particles, such as chelant agglomerates; and any combination thereof.

Test method

Thickness testing method

By using(electronic) digital thickness gauge, model # J-40-V measures the caliper of the article to measure the article thickness, where the thickness is measured at the geometric center of the article.

Basis weight test method

Basis weight of the fibrous structure was measured on a stack of twelve usable units using a top-loading analytical balance with a resolution of ± 0.001 g. The balance is protected from airflow and other disturbances using an airflow hood. Precision cutting dies (measuring 3.500in 0.0035in by 3.500in 0.0035in) were used to prepare all samples.

The samples were cut into squares using a precision cut die. The cut squares were combined to form a stack of twelve sample thicknesses. The mass of the sample stack was measured and the results recorded to the nearest 0.001 g.

Basis weight in lbs/3000ft²Or g/m²In units, as follows:

basis weight (mass of stack)/[ (area of 1 square in stack) × (number of squares in stack) ]

For example,

basis weight (lbs/3000 ft)²) [ [ mass (g) of stack)/453.6 (g/lbs)]/[12.25(in²)/144(in²/ft²)×12]]×3000

Or the like, or, alternatively,

basis weight (g/m)²) Mass of stack (g)/[79.032 (cm)/[²)/10,000(cm²/m²)×12]

The recorded result is accurate to 0.1lbs/3000ft²Or 0.1g/m². A precision cutter similar to that mentioned above can be used to change or alter the sample dimensions such that the sample area in the stack is at least 100 square inches.

Diameter testing method

The diameters of the discrete fibrous elements or fibrous elements within the fibrous structure are determined by using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) or optical microscope and image analysis software. The magnification of 200 to 10,000 times is selected so that the fiber element is suitably magnified for the measurement. When SEM is used, these samples are sputtered with gold or palladium compounds to avoid charging and vibration of the fiber elements in the electron beam. A manual protocol for determining fiber element diameter is used from images (on a monitor screen) captured with SEM or optical microscope. Using a mouse and cursor tool, the edge of a randomly selected fiber element is searched and then measured across its width (i.e., perpendicular to the fiber element direction at that point) to the other edge of the fiber element. Scaling and calibrating the image analysis tool provides scaling to obtain the actual reading in μm. For the fiber elements within the fiber structure, a plurality of fiber elements are randomly selected through a sample of the fiber structure using SEM or optical microscopy. At least two sections of the fibrous structure are cut and tested in this manner. A total of at least 100 such measurements were made and then all data were recorded for statistical analysis. The data recorded were used to calculate the mean of the fiber element diameters, the standard deviation of the fiber element diameters, and the median of the fiber element diameters.

Another useful statistic is to calculate the number of populations of fiber elements below a certain upper limit. To determine this statistic, the software is programmed to count how many fiber element diameters are below an upper limit for the result, and the number (divided by the total number of data and multiplied by 100%) is recorded as a percentage below the upper limit, such as, for example, a percentage below 1 micron diameter or% -submicron. We denote the measured diameter (in microns) of a single circular fiber element as di.

In the case of a fiber element having a non-circular cross section, the measurement of the fiber element diameter is determined and set equal to the hydraulic diameter, which is four times the cross-sectional area of the fiber element divided by the circumference of the cross-sectional area of the fiber element (the outer circumference in the case of a hollow fiber element). The number average diameter, or average diameter, is calculated as follows:

particle size distribution testing method

Particle size distribution tests were performed to determine the characteristic size of the particles. This was done using ASTM D502-89 "Standard test method for soap and other detergent particle size", approved on 26.5.1989, and further illustrates the sieve size and sieve time used in the analysis. Following section 7, "procedure using machine sieving method," a clean dry nest comprising U.S. standard (ASTM E11) sieves #4(4.75mm), #6(3.35mm), #8(2.36mm), #12(1.7mm), #16(1.18mm), #20(850um), #30(600um), #40(425um), #50(300um), #70(212um), #100(150 μm) is required to cover the particle size ranges described herein. The above described set of screens is used for a given machine screening method. Suitable screen shakers are available from w.s.tyler company, Ohio, u.s.a. The shaken test sample was about 100 grams and shaken for 5 minutes.

By plotting the micron-sized openings of each sieve against the abscissa of the logarithm and using the cumulative mass percentage (Q)₃) The data is plotted on a linear ordinate, plotted on a semi-logarithmic graph. An example of the above data Representation is given in FIG. A.4 of ISO 9276-1:1998, "reproduction of results of particulate size analysis-Part 1: graphical reproduction". For the purposes of the present invention, the characteristic particle size (Dx) is defined as the abscissa value of the point whose cumulative mass percentage is equal to x% and is calculated by linear interpolation between the data points directly above (a) and below (b) the value of x%, using the following formula:

Dx＝10^[Log(Da)-(Log(Da)-Log(Db))*(Qa-x％)/(Qa-Qb)]

where Log is the logarithm of base 10, Qa and Qb are the cumulative mass percentage values for which the measured data immediately exceeds or falls below the x percentage, respectively; and Da and Db are mesh micron values corresponding to these data.

Example data and calculations:

sieve size (um)	Sieve weight (g)	Cumulative mass% finer (CMPF)
			4750	0	100％
3350	0	100％
			2360	0	100％
1700	0	100％
			1180	0.68	99.3％
850	10.40	89.0％
			600	28.73	60.3％
425	27.97	32.4％
			300	17.20	15.2％
212	8.42	6.8％
			150	4.00	2.8％
Base plate	2.84	0.0％

For D10(x ═ 10%), the micron sieve size (Da) for CMPF directly above 10% was 300 μm and the sieve below (Db) was 212 μm. The cumulative mass immediately above 10% (Qa) was 15.2%, and below (Qb) was 6.8%.

D10＝10^[Log(300)-(Log(300)-Log(212))*(15.2％-10％)/(15.2％-6.8％)]＝242um

For D50(x 50%), the micron sieve size (Da) for CMPF directly above 50% was 1180 μm, and the sieve below (Db) was 850 μm. The cumulative mass immediately above 90% (Qa) was 99.3%, and the cumulative mass below (Qb) was 89.0%.

D50＝10^[Log(600)-(Log(600)-Log(425))*(60.3％-50％)/(60.3％-32.4％)]＝528um

For D90 (x-90%), the micron sieve size (Da) for CMPF directly above 90% was 600 μm and the sieve below (Db) was 425 μm. The cumulative mass immediately above 50% (Qa) was 60.3%, and below (Qb) was 32.4%.

D90＝10^[Log(1180)-(Log(1180)-Log(850))*(99.3％-90％)/(99.3％-89.0％)]＝878um

Shear viscosity test method

Clipping of encapsulated perfume compositions of the present disclosureThe shear viscosity was measured using a capillary rheometer (GoettfertRheograph 6000, manufactured by Goettfert USA of Rock Hill SC, USA). Measurements were made using a capillary die having a diameter D of 1.0mm and a length L of 30mm (i.e., L/D-30). The die was attached to the lower end of a 20mm cylinder of a rheometer maintained at a die test temperature of 75 ℃. A sample of 60g of encapsulated perfume composition that has been preheated to the die test temperature is loaded into the barrel section of the rheometer. The sample with any entrained air was removed. At a selected set of rates for 1,000 seconds^-1To 10,000 seconds^-1The apparent shear viscosity can be calculated from the pressure drop experienced by the sample as it passes from the cylinder to the capillary die and the flow rate of the sample through the capillary die using the software of the rheometer^n-1A fit is made where K is the viscosity constant of the material, n is the thinning index of the material, and γ is the shear rate. The recorded apparent shear viscosity of the encapsulated perfume compositions herein is interpolated to 3,000 seconds using a power law relationship^-1Calculated at the shear rate of (c).

Melting initiation test method

The melt initiation was determined using the melt initiation test method described below. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to quantify the temperature at which onset of melting occurs during the peak melting transition of any given particulate composition to be tested. Melt temperature measurements were made using a high quality DSC instrument with software and nitrogen purge capability, such as a DSC model Discovery by TA Instruments (TA Instruments inc./waters corporation, New Castle, Delaware, u.s.a.). A calibration check was performed using an indium standard sample. The DSC instrument was considered suitable for performing the test if the melting onset temperature of the indium standard was measured in the range of 156.3-157.3 ℃.

Homogeneous test samples are prepared by obtaining at least 5g of particles, followed by comminution by grinding into powder using an analytical grinding device such as an IKA basic analytical grinder model A11B S1 (IKA-Werke GmbH & Co. KG, Staufen im Breisgau, Germany). The milled sample was then screened through a clean stainless steel screen with a mesh size opening nominally 1mm in diameter (e.g., 18 mesh size). For each sample to be tested, at least two duplicate samples were ground and measured independently. A sample of ground material weighing approximately 5mg was placed at the bottom in a sealed aluminum DSC sample pan and the sample was spread out to cover the pan bottom. The sealed aluminum lid was placed on the sample pan and the lid was closed with a sample packing press to prevent evaporation or weight loss during the measurement. DSC measurements were made relative to a reference standard. An empty aluminum DSC sample pan was used as a reference standard to measure the change in thermal adsorption of the pan containing the sample relative to an empty reference pan.

The DSC instrument was set up to analyze samples using the following cycle configuration options: the sample purge gas was nitrogen set at 50 mL/min; the sampling interval is set to 0.1 s/point; the equilibrium is set at-20.00 ℃; the isothermal holding time was set to 1 minute. Data was collected during one heating cycle using the following settings: the temperature rise rate is set to 10.00 ℃/min, and the temperature is raised to 90.00 ℃; and the isothermal holding time at 90.00 ℃ was set to 1 minute. The sealed sample tray containing duplicate test samples was carefully placed into the instrument as was the reference tray to be emptied. A DSC analysis cycle as specified above was performed and the output data evaluated. Data acquired during a DSC heating cycle are typically plotted with the X-axis as temperature (in degrees celsius) and the Y-axis as heat flow (in W/g) normalized to the sample weight, such that the melting point appears as a downward (endothermic) peak due to absorbed energy.

The melting transition onset temperature is the temperature at which a deviation from the baseline previously established for the melting temperature of interest is first observed. The peak melting temperature is the particular temperature during a given DSC heating cycle that requires the maximum differential energy observed for the sample to transition from the solid phase to the molten phase. For the purposes of the present invention, the melting onset temperature is defined as the melting transition onset temperature of the peak melting temperature. Further general information on DSC techniques can be found in the industry standard method ASTM D3418-03-determination of the transition temperature of polymers by DSC.

Using DSC instrument software, two points were manually defined as "start and stop integration" baseline limits. The two points selected were within the baseline plateau to the left and right of the detected melting transition peak, respectively. This defined region is then used to determine the peak temperature (T), which can be used to report the peak melting temperature. The melting onset temperature of the peak melting temperature was then determined with the instrument software.

The onset of the reported melting temperature is the average result (in ℃ C.) from duplicate samples.

Dissolution test method

Equipment and materials:

600mL beaker

Magnetic stirrer 56(Labline model 1250 or equivalent)

Magnetic stirring rod 58(5cm)

Thermometer (1 to 100 ℃ +/-1 ℃)

Cutting die- -stainless steel cutting die with dimensions of 3.8cm by 3.2cm

Timer (0-3,600 seconds or 1 hour) accurate to seconds. If the sample exhibits a dissolution time of greater than 3,600 seconds, the timer used should have a sufficient total time measurement range. However, the timer needs to be accurate to seconds.

Polaroid 35mm sliding frame (commercially available from Polaroid Corporation or equivalent)

35mm slide frame holder (or equivalent)

Cincinnati city water or equivalent having the following properties: according to CaCO₃The total hardness is 155 mg/L; the content of calcium is 33.2 mg/L; the magnesium content is 17.5 mg/L; the phosphate content was 0.0462.

The samples were equilibrated for at least 2 hours in a constant temperature environment of 23 ℃ ± 1.0 ℃ and humidity environment of 50% RH ± 2%. The basis weight of the fibrous structure sample was measured using the basis weight test method defined herein. Three dissolution samples were cut from an article, such as a fibrous structure sample, using a cutting die (3.8cm x 3.2cm) to fit within a 35mm slide frame having an open area size of 24mm x 36 mm. Each sample was locked in a separate 35mm slide frame. A magnetic stir bar was placed in a 600mL beaker. Tap water flow (or equivalent) is turned on and the temperature of the water is measured with a thermometer and, if necessary, hot or cold water is adjusted to maintain it at the test temperature. The test temperature is 15 ℃. + -. 1 ℃ water. Once at the test temperature, the beaker was filled with 500 mL. + -. 5mL of 15. + -. 1 ℃ tap water. The entire beaker 54 was placed on a magnetic stirrer, the stirrer was turned on, and the stirring speed was adjusted until a vortex was formed with the bottom of the vortex at the 400mL mark of the beaker. The 35mm carriage was secured in the alligator clip of the 35mm carriage holder so that the long end of the carriage was parallel to the water surface. The alligator clip should be positioned intermediate the long ends of the carriage. The depth adjuster of the clamp should be set so that the distance between the bottom of the depth adjuster and the bottom of the spring clip is about 11+/-0.125 inches. This configuration will position the sample surface perpendicular to the water flow direction. In one movement, the fixed slide and clamp drop into the water and start the timer. The sample was dropped so that the sample was located in the center of the beaker. Disintegration occurs when the nonwoven structure breaks. This was recorded as disintegration time. When all visible nonwoven structures were released from the slide frame, the slide frame was raised out of the water while continuing to monitor the solution of undissolved nonwoven structure fragments. Dissolution occurs when all nonwoven structural segments are no longer visible. This was recorded as the dissolution time.

Each sample was run in triplicate and the average disintegration and dissolution times were recorded. The average disintegration and dissolution times are in seconds.

The average disintegration and dissolution times can be normalized to basis weight by dividing each by the sample basis weight as determined by the basis weight method defined herein. Disintegration and dissolution times normalized by basis weight in seconds per gsm sample (s/(g/m)²) In units of).