阅读说明：本技术 一种晶须复相陶瓷及其双喷头复合3d打印方法 (Whisker complex-phase ceramic and double-nozzle composite 3D printing method thereof ) 是由 张鹏杰 左飞 郭兆良 罗锐鑫 林华泰 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及3D打印技术领域,尤其涉及一种晶须复相陶瓷及其双喷头复合3D打印方法。本发明公开了一种晶须复相陶瓷的双喷头复合3D打印方法,包括以下步骤：将晶须复相陶瓷的主相泥料和第二相泥料分别加入FDM打印机的A喷头的输料管和B喷头的输料管进行3D打印；所述第一泥料为陶瓷基泥料,所述第二泥料包括所述陶瓷基泥料和晶须增强体泥料；所述B喷头的输料管的直径为8-30mm,长度为1200-3000mm。本发明通过延长FDM打印机B喷头输料管至特定长度,以满足晶须第二相在挤出过程中有足够的时间形成流动趋向,从而形成一定程度定向排列,实现晶须第二相在主相陶瓷材料中的3D空间取向分布,从而提升了打印件的强度和韧性等各项性能。(The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to whisker complex-phase ceramic and a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method thereof. The invention discloses a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method of whisker complex-phase ceramic, which comprises the following steps of: respectively adding main-phase pug and second-phase pug of the whisker complex-phase ceramic into a material conveying pipe of a spray head A and a material conveying pipe of a spray head B of an FDM printer for 3D printing; the first pug is a ceramic-based pug, and the second pug comprises the ceramic-based pug and a whisker reinforcement pug; the diameter of the delivery pipe of the nozzle B is 8-30mm, and the length of the delivery pipe is 1200-3000 mm. According to the invention, the material conveying pipe of the B nozzle of the FDM printer is prolonged to a specific length, so that the second phase of the whisker has enough time to form a flowing trend in the extrusion process, thus a certain degree of directional arrangement is formed, the 3D space orientation distribution of the second phase of the whisker in the main phase ceramic material is realized, and various performances such as strength, toughness and the like of a printed part are improved.)

1. A double-nozzle composite 3D printing method of whisker complex-phase ceramic is characterized by comprising the following steps:

respectively adding a first pug and a second pug of the whisker complex-phase ceramic into a material conveying pipe of a spray head A and a material conveying pipe of a spray head B of an FDM printer for 3D printing;

the first pug comprises a ceramic-based pug, and the second pug comprises the ceramic-based pug and a whisker reinforcement pug;

the diameter of the delivery pipe of the nozzle B is 8-30mm, and the length of the delivery pipe is 1200-3000 mm.

2. The dual-nozzle composite 3D printing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the delivery pipe of the nozzle B is 1500-2000 mm.

3. The dual nozzle composite 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the printing speed of the 3D printing is 30-200 mm/s.

4. The dual-nozzle composite 3D printing method according to any one of claim 1, wherein the air pressure of an air pump of the FDM printer is 0.1-0.8MPa, the temperatures of the nozzle A and the nozzle B are both normal temperature, and the platform temperature of the 3D printing is 30-110 ℃.

5. The dual nozzle composite 3D printing method according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic-based paste comprises ceramic powder;

the whisker reinforcement comprises SiC and Si₃N₄、Al₂O₃One or more than two of mullite and aluminosilicate.

6. The dual nozzle composite 3D printing method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ceramic powder comprises Si₃N₄、SiC、Al₂O₃、ZrO₂、SiO₂、ZrB₂HA or TC.

7. The dual nozzle composite 3D printing method of claim 1, wherein the first mud further comprises: a dispersant and a binder.

8. The dual nozzle composite 3D printing method of claim 1, wherein the second pug further comprises: a dispersant and a binder.

9. The whisker composite ceramic material printed by the double-nozzle composite 3D printing method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to whisker complex-phase ceramic and a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method thereof.

Background

The whisker multiphase material is a multiphase material formed by introducing a second phase with a high length-diameter ratio (>1) structure into a matrix of a main phase material. For example, the ceramic material may be alumina, zirconia, zirconium boride and other ceramic materials with equiaxed crystal structure as the main phase of the matrix, and mullite, silicon carbide, alumina, aluminosilicate and other crystal whisker reinforcements as the second phase. According to the existing research, the second phase whisker added into the ceramic matrix has great improvement on the toughness and the strength of the ceramic material, and is an excellent second phase additive. However, the conventional complex phase material preparation generally utilizes a mold to prepare a sample and sinter a finished product, and the product manufactured by the method cannot meet the requirement of complex structure ceramic products in various industries under various harsh environments.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a whisker complex-phase ceramic and a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method thereof, and the printing method realizes 3D space orientation distribution of a whisker second phase in a main-phase ceramic material, thereby improving various performances such as strength and toughness of a printed part.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

the invention provides a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method of whisker complex-phase ceramic, which comprises the following steps of:

respectively adding a first pug and a second pug of the whisker complex-phase ceramic into a material conveying pipe of a spray head A and a material conveying pipe of a spray head B of an FDM printer for 3D printing;

the first pug is a ceramic-based pug, and the second pug comprises the ceramic-based pug and a whisker reinforcement pug;

the diameter of the delivery pipe of the nozzle B is 8-30mm, and the length of the delivery pipe is 1200-3000mm, preferably 1500-2000mm, and more preferably 2000 mm.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the B nozzle is any one nozzle in the FDM printer, and the a nozzle is another nozzle in the FDM printer. The FDM printer and its a and B nozzles are prior art and will not be described herein. In the prior art, the length of a common spray nozzle A and a common spray nozzle B is 1000mm, and the diameter of the common spray nozzle A and the common spray nozzle B is 8 mm.

At present, the double-nozzle composite 3D printing method is only limited on printing of high polymer materials, is subject to the requirements of a pug formula suitable for extrusion printing and the like of special ceramic materials, and has no related research on printing pugs with special formulas such as whisker complex-phase ceramic by adopting double nozzles.

The whisker second phase with a high length-diameter ratio (>1) structure is introduced into the whisker multiphase ceramic, and when the second phase is added into a main phase material of a B spray head and an A spray head of a conventional FDM printer to be mixed, the state of the whisker in the mixture is non-oriented, the whisker shows anisotropy in space, and the orientation establishment of various performances of a ceramic product in space after molding is not facilitated. The invention further extends the material conveying pipe of the nozzle B of the FDM printer to a specific length to meet the requirement that the second phase of the crystal whisker has enough time to form a flowing trend in the extrusion process, thereby forming a certain degree of directional arrangement and realizing the 3D space orientation distribution of the second phase of the crystal whisker in the main phase ceramic material, and the macro expression is that various performances of a printing model, such as strength and toughness, are obtained to be a printing piece which is stronger than a non-optimized mold. If the length of the B nozzle exceeds 3000mm, the whiskers can not achieve the effect of directional distribution of the whiskers in the inner part due to long-term stagnation in the conveying pipe.

In the invention, the printing speed of the 3D printing equipment is 30-200mm/s, preferably 40-160 mm/s, more preferably 60-100 mm/s, and the actual printing speed is 20-80% of the printing speed of the equipment. The controllable spatial orientation distribution of the whisker phase in the main phase is further realized by controlling the 3D printing speed.

In the invention, the air pressure of an air pump of the FDM printer is 0.1-0.8MPa, the temperatures of the spray head A and the spray head B are normal temperature, and the temperature of a 3D printing platform is 30-110 ℃.

In the present invention, the first sludge includes ceramic powder; the ceramic powder comprises Si₃N₄、SiC、Al₂O₃、ZrO₂、SiO₂、ZrB₂HA or TC.

The first sludge preferably further comprises: a dispersant and a binder.

In the invention, the whisker reinforcement comprises SiC and Si₃N₄、Al₂O₃One or more than two of mullite and aluminosilicate.

The second pug further comprises: a dispersant and a binder.

The dispersing agents in the first pug and the second pug are preferably polyethylene glycol and polyacrylic acid, wherein the polyethylene glycol is a plasticizing dispersing agent and mainly plays a role in binding and dispersing in the pug, and the polyacrylic acid mainly plays a role in dispersing in the pug; the binder in the first and second pugs is preferably polyethylene, and plays a main role in binding in pugs.

The invention also provides the whisker multiphase ceramic printed by the double-nozzle composite 3D printing method.

In the invention, the normal temperature is 25 +/-5 ℃.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a double-nozzle composite 3D printing method of whisker complex-phase ceramic, which comprises the following steps of: respectively adding a first pug and a second pug of the whisker complex-phase ceramic into a material conveying pipe of a spray head A and a material conveying pipe of a spray head B of an FDM printer for 3D printing; the first pug is a ceramic-based pug, and the second pug comprises the ceramic-based pug and a whisker reinforcement pug; the diameter of the delivery pipe of the nozzle B is 8-30mm, and the length of the delivery pipe is 1200-3000 mm.

According to the invention, the material conveying pipe of the B nozzle of the FDM printer is prolonged to a specific length, so that the second phase of the whisker has enough time to form a flowing trend in the extrusion process, thus a certain degree of directional arrangement is formed, the 3D space orientation distribution of the second phase of the whisker in the main phase ceramic material is realized, and various performances such as strength, toughness and the like of a printed part are improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a printing model diagram of the whisker complex phase ceramic provided by the embodiment 1 of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.