阅读说明：本技术 一种铸铁机高纯铁水无渣控制浇铸设备及工艺 (High-purity molten iron slag-free control casting equipment and process for pig casting machine ) 是由 曲刚 徐涛 张勇 周海川 刘志国 卜二军 任俊 昝智 程鹏 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种铸铁机高纯铁水无渣控制浇铸设备,包括铁水包(1),铁水包支座(2),铸铁溜槽(3),所述铁水包(1)放置在铁水包支座(2),所述铁水包支座(2)下设置有铸铁溜槽(3),所述铁水包(1)底部设置有滑动水口,所述滑动水口正对铸铁溜槽(3)。采用铁水包底部配用滑动水口下注出铁方式,采用液压装置控制滑动水口的开闭,省去翻包设备,提升了安全系数；铸铁机铸铁操作更容易控制,也能达到随流孕育的铸铁效果,改善铁锭的铸造质量；同时采用滑动水口控渣和挡渣装置实现无渣浇注,从而大大降低铁水的有害成分和减少铸铁里的夹杂物。(The invention provides high-purity molten iron slag-free control casting equipment of a pig casting machine, which comprises a ladle (1), a ladle support (2) and a cast iron chute (3), wherein the ladle (1) is placed on the ladle support (2), the cast iron chute (3) is arranged below the ladle support (2), a sliding water gap is arranged at the bottom of the ladle (1), and the sliding water gap is opposite to the cast iron chute (3). The bottom of the ladle is matched with a sliding nozzle for pouring iron, and a hydraulic device is adopted to control the opening and closing of the sliding nozzle, so that ladle overturning equipment is omitted, and the safety coefficient is improved; the cast iron operation of the pig casting machine is easier to control, the cast iron effect of stream inoculation can be achieved, and the casting quality of iron ingots is improved; and meanwhile, the slag-free pouring is realized by adopting a sliding gate slag control and slag stopping device, so that the harmful ingredients of molten iron are greatly reduced, and the inclusion in cast iron is reduced.)

1. The high-purity molten iron slag-free control casting equipment of the pig casting machine is characterized by comprising a ladle (1), a ladle support (2) and a cast iron chute (3), wherein the ladle (1) is placed on the ladle support (2), the cast iron chute (3) is arranged below the ladle support (2), a sliding water gap is arranged at the bottom of the ladle (1), and the sliding water gap is opposite to the cast iron chute (3).

2. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of highly pure molten iron in an iron casting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the ladle (1) is provided with a sliding gate and an attached hydraulic control gate slide, the sliding gate comprises an upper gate (41), a lower gate (42) and a gate slide (43), the attached hydraulic control gate is fixed on the platform of the ladle support (2), the movable end is hinged to one end of the drive connection mechanism, and the other end of the drive connection mechanism is hinged to the gate slide (43).

3. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of molten iron of an iron casting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nozzle slide (43) is positioned on the lower nozzle (1), and the ladle is provided with a chute for fixing the vertical position of the nozzle slide (43), in which chute the nozzle slide (43) can be moved to and fro.

4. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of molten iron in an iron casting machine according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the iron casting chute of the iron casting machine is of a multi-stage welded structure, the head part is a pit provided with a socket, the whole casting is made of refractory castable, the bottom molten iron impact area is inlaid with a refractory impact plate, the bottom surface of the chute is cast by a buffer slope, and the tail part is a dovetail type nozzle.

5. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of molten iron in an iron casting machine according to claim 4, wherein the pit-shaped pit is a pan bottom type pit with an upper opening diameter of 600mm and a height of 200 mm.

6. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of molten iron in an iron casting machine according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the outlet of the pit and the pit is provided with a slag-iron separator type bottom tapping and a slag stopper (7) at the top.

7. The apparatus for the slag-free controlled casting of molten iron in an iron casting machine according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the ladle support (2) is cast on the basis of reinforced concrete, the support is welded on the steel structure, and the inside is coated with a high temperature refractory material.

8. A method of casting using the casting apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the bottom of the ladle is used to pour the molten iron with a sliding gate, the opening and closing of the sliding gate is controlled by hydraulic means, and the flow of molten iron from the ladle to the iron chute is precisely regulated by the sliding gate control means during casting to balance the inflowing and outflowing molten iron, and the slag-free casting is achieved by the sliding gate slag control and slag-stopping means.

9. A method of casting using the casting apparatus of claim 8, comprising the steps of: hanging the ladle filled with molten iron on a ladle support above a cast iron chute, stably seating the ladle on a ladle position, and enabling a water gap at the bottom of the ladle to be over against a small pit of the chute; starting a hydraulic device of the sliding water gap, slowly opening the water gap, controlling the flow rate of molten iron, and slowly adding an inoculant into the small pit to balance the inflowing molten iron and the outflowing molten iron; molten iron enters the cast iron mold through the chute and is formed by water cooling.

10. A method of casting using the casting apparatus of claims 8-9, comprising the steps of:

1) preparation of ladle slide gate nozzle: installing an upper nozzle, cleaning a nozzle sliding plate, installing and fixing a lower nozzle, debugging a sliding nozzle and keeping the sliding nozzle in a closed state, and loading drainage sand from the top of a ladle;

2) tapping iron into a ladle with a sliding nozzle, covering a ladle cover after the ladle is fully filled, and conveying the molten iron to a pig casting machine by a molten iron transport vehicle;

3) hanging the ladle filled with molten iron on a ladle support above a cast iron chute, stably seating the ladle on a ladle position, and enabling a water gap at the bottom of the ladle to be over against a small pit of the chute;

4) connecting a hydraulic control joint of a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the platform to a hydraulic control joint of the sliding water gap;

5) starting a hydraulic device of the sliding water gap, slowly opening the water gap, controlling the flow rate of molten iron, and slowly adding an inoculant into the small pit to balance the inflowing molten iron and the outflowing molten iron;

6) adding inoculant with the granularity of 1-3mm along with the iron flow, wherein the adding amount is 4 kg/min;

7) when the first mold full of molten iron is moved to the position close to the cooling water pipe door at the top end, cooling water is immediately opened, and the pressure of the cooling water is kept at 0.3Mpa with the flow rate of 12m³/h；

9) Operators constantly observe the iron flow of the sliding nozzle, the sliding nozzle is closed in time after the iron flow is subjected to slag discharging, and the pouring time is controlled to be 25-30 minutes;

10) hoisting and transferring the ladle to a ladle overturning pit and pouring out residual slag iron;

11) and cleaning residues below the pit and the slag baffle of the cast iron chute.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the disclosure generally relates to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a slag-free control casting process for high-purity molten iron of an iron casting machine.

Background

The high-purity pig iron is special iron for high-end castings with low contents of harmful impurity elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, titanium and the like and few specific trace elements, and is mainly used for wind power castings, nuclear power castings, large-section ductile iron castings, ductile iron castings with low-temperature impact toughness and fatigue performance requirements and the like. Therefore, a low-Si refining method is adopted in the smelting stage to carry out low-Si and low-Ti smelting; in the external treatment stage, Si increasing, S removing, slag skimming and stream inoculation during cast iron pouring are added to treat molten iron, so that stream inoculation is carried out by controlling the pouring speed, high-purity pig iron is made into fine grey pig iron, the metallographic structure is guaranteed to be pearlite, ferrite and A-type graphite, and then molten iron is prevented from returning P and the content of S is reduced by slag-free operation, and the quality of cast ingots is improved and impurities are reduced.

The traditional casting process adopts a ladle tilting casting process, in the casting process of molten iron, iron and slag are mixed into a molten iron chute and flow into a casting mold through the molten iron chute, the slag is inevitably mixed with cast iron blocks, the casting speed of the ladle by tilting is difficult to control, and the stream inoculation effect is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the slag-free control casting equipment for the high-purity molten iron of the pig casting machine comprises a ladle (1), a ladle support (2) and a cast iron chute (3), wherein the ladle (1) is placed on the ladle support (2), the cast iron chute (3) is arranged below the ladle support (2), a sliding water gap is arranged at the bottom of the ladle (1), and the sliding water gap is opposite to the cast iron chute (3).

Furthermore, the bottom of the ladle (1) is provided with a sliding water gap and an auxiliary hydraulic control water gap sliding device, the sliding water gap comprises an upper water gap (41), a lower water gap (42) and a water gap sliding plate (43), the auxiliary hydraulic control device is fixed on a platform of the ladle support (2), the movable end of the auxiliary hydraulic control device is hinged with one end of a driving connecting mechanism, and the other end of the driving connecting mechanism is hinged with the water gap sliding plate (43).

Furthermore, the nozzle slide plate (43) is positioned on the lower nozzle (1), a sliding groove for fixing the vertical position of the nozzle slide plate (43) is arranged on the ladle, and the nozzle slide plate (43) can reciprocate in the sliding groove.

Furthermore, the iron casting chute of the iron casting machine adopts a multi-section welding structure, the head part is provided with a pit groove small pit, the whole casting is carried out by adopting refractory castable, a refractory impact plate is embedded in a molten iron impact area at the bottom part, the bottom surface of the chute is cast by adopting a buffering slope, and the tail part is a dovetail type spout.

Further, the pit groove small pit is a pot bottom type small pit with an upper opening diameter of 600mm and a height of 200 mm.

Furthermore, a slag-iron separator type bottom tapping is arranged at the outlet of the pit groove and the pit, and a slag blocking device (7) is arranged at the upper part of the pit groove and the pit.

Before every package cast iron, set up the slag trap in cast iron chute pith front end iron outflow department, the slag trap is according to the customization of refractory material converter slag trap ball material, and the slag trap is wide 100mm, and high 100mm, upper portion 40mm are according to the proportion design of sediment, and lower part 60mm is according to the proportion design between the sediment iron, ensures to float in the pit to guarantee that it is unlikely to the upset to float.

After molten iron is injected into the small pit for placing the slag trap, the slag trap floats on the liquid level of the iron flow outlet along with the rise of the liquid level of the molten iron, the residual floating slag is blocked in the small pit, and the molten iron flows into the chute through the bottom; after the molten iron in the ladle is poured, the slag blocking plate gradually descends along with the descending of the molten iron liquid level in the small pit to block and retain the residues in the small pit, and the residues are manually removed before the next ladle of cast iron.

Furthermore, the foundation of the ladle support (2) is poured by reinforced concrete, the support part is welded by a steel structure, and the inner side of the support is sprayed with a high-temperature refractory material.

Further, a method of casting using the casting apparatus according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the method of casting is performed by using a ladle bottom with a sliding gate nozzle, and the opening and closing of the sliding gate nozzle is controlled by a hydraulic device, and the flow rate of molten iron from the ladle to the cast iron chute is precisely adjusted by the sliding gate nozzle control device during casting, so that the balance between the inflowing and outflowing molten iron is achieved, and the slag-free casting is performed by using a sliding gate nozzle slag control and slag blocking device.

Further, the method comprises the following steps: hanging the ladle filled with molten iron on a ladle support above a cast iron chute, stably seating the ladle on a ladle position, and enabling a water gap at the bottom of the ladle to be over against a small pit of the chute; starting a hydraulic device of the sliding water gap, slowly opening the water gap, controlling the flow rate of molten iron, and slowly adding an inoculant into the small pit to balance the inflowing molten iron and the outflowing molten iron; molten iron enters the cast iron mold through the chute and is formed by water cooling.

Further, the method comprises the following steps:

1) preparation of ladle slide gate nozzle: installing an upper nozzle, cleaning a nozzle sliding plate, installing and fixing a lower nozzle, debugging a sliding nozzle and keeping the sliding nozzle in a closed state, and loading drainage sand from the top of a ladle;

2) tapping iron into a ladle with a sliding nozzle, covering a ladle cover after the ladle is fully filled, and conveying the molten iron to a pig casting machine by a molten iron transport vehicle;

3) hanging the ladle filled with molten iron on a ladle support above a cast iron chute, stably seating the ladle on a ladle position, and enabling a water gap at the bottom of the ladle to be over against a small pit of the chute;

4) connecting a hydraulic control joint of a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the platform to a hydraulic control joint of the sliding water gap;

5) starting a hydraulic device of the sliding water gap, slowly opening the water gap, controlling the flow rate of molten iron, and slowly adding an inoculant into the pit to balance the inflowing molten iron and the outflowing molten iron. The difference between the molten iron plane in the cast iron mould and the upper plane of the cast iron mould is controlled to be about 10-20 mm.

Inoculant with the particle size of 1-3mm is added along with the iron flow, and the adding amount is 4 kg/min.

7) When the first mold full of molten iron is moved to the position close to the top cooling water pipe door, the cooling water is immediately opened without being too early or too late, and the pressure of the cooling water is kept at 0.3MPa, and the flow rate is 12m 3/h.

9) The operator constantly observes the iron flow of the sliding nozzle, and the sliding nozzle is closed in time after the iron flow is discharged. The pouring time is controlled to be 25-30 minutes.

10) And lifting and rotating the ladle to a ladle overturning pit and pouring out residual slag iron.

11) And cleaning residues below the pit and the slag baffle of the cast iron chute.

The slag-free control casting process for the high-purity molten iron of the pig casting machine, provided by the invention, has the following advantages: the bottom of the ladle is matched with a sliding nozzle for pouring iron, and a hydraulic device is adopted to control the opening and closing of the sliding nozzle, so that ladle overturning equipment is omitted, and the safety coefficient is improved; meanwhile, in the casting process, the flow of molten iron from the ladle to the cast iron chute can be accurately adjusted through the sliding water gap control device, so that the inflow and outflow molten iron are balanced, the cast iron operation of the pig casting machine is easier to control, the cast iron effect of stream inoculation can be achieved, and the casting quality of iron ingots is improved; and meanwhile, the slag-free pouring is realized by adopting a sliding gate slag control and slag stopping device, so that the harmful ingredients of molten iron are greatly reduced, and the inclusion in cast iron is reduced.

It should be understood that the statements herein reciting aspects are not intended to limit the critical or essential features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.

Drawings

The above and other features, advantages and aspects of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by referring to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like or similar reference characters designate like or similar elements, and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a slag-free control casting apparatus for high purity molten iron of an iron casting machine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the chute;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a cast iron process;

wherein: 1-ladle, 2-ladle support, 3-cast iron chute, 41-upper nozzle, 42-lower nozzle, 43-nozzle slide plate, 5-slag stopping device, 6-molten iron and 7-chute pit.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, the term "and/or" herein is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three kinds of relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

In the method, the defects caused by the tilting of the ladle are overcome, a ladle tilting mechanism is cancelled, the bottom of the ladle is matched with a sliding nozzle bottom pouring iron discharging mode, a hydraulic device is adopted to control the opening and closing of the sliding nozzle, ladle tilting equipment is omitted, and the safety coefficient is improved; meanwhile, in the casting process, the flow of molten iron from the ladle to the cast iron chute can be accurately adjusted through the sliding water gap control device, so that the inflow and outflow molten iron are balanced, the cast iron operation of the pig casting machine is easier to control, the cast iron effect of stream inoculation can be achieved, and the casting quality of iron ingots is improved; and meanwhile, the slag-free pouring is realized by adopting a sliding gate slag control and slag stopping device, so that the harmful ingredients of molten iron are greatly reduced, and the inclusion in cast iron is reduced.