阅读说明：本技术 一种高强度泡沫陶瓷的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramic ) 是由 文卫雄 韩志明 于 2019-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种高强度泡沫陶瓷的制备方法,由以下步骤制备而成：1)称取以下重量份数的各原料：木质纤维素5-6份；聚醚80-95份；催化剂0.2-0.5份；水2-5份；十二烷基硫酸钠1.5-3份；甲苯二异氰酸酯6-8份；2)将步骤1)称取的各组分加入容器中搅拌均匀,待反应10-15分钟后取出静置8-12小时固化得到坯体；然后将坯体置于开孔箱内,抽真空后,充入比例为1:1:2的乙炔、氢气和氧气至常压后静置5-10分钟,然后点火开孔,得到具有空间网状结构的有机载体；本发明通过陶瓷浆料结合有机载体从整体上有效提高了泡沫陶瓷的强度。(The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramic, which is prepared by the following steps: 1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of lignocellulose; 80-95 parts of polyether; 0.2-0.5 part of catalyst; 2-5 parts of water; 1.5-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 6-8 parts of toluene diisocyanate; 2) adding the components weighed in the step 1) into a container, uniformly stirring, taking out after reacting for 10-15 minutes, standing for 8-12 hours, and curing to obtain a blank; then placing the blank in a hole opening box, vacuumizing, filling acetylene, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:1:2 to normal pressure, standing for 5-10 minutes, and then igniting and opening holes to obtain an organic carrier with a space net-shaped structure; according to the invention, the ceramic slurry is combined with the organic carrier, so that the strength of the foamed ceramic is effectively improved on the whole.)

1. A preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramics is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of lignocellulose; 80-95 parts of polyether; 0.2-0.5 part of catalyst; 2-5 parts of water; 1.5-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 6-8 parts of toluene diisocyanate;

2) adding the components weighed in the step 1) into a container, uniformly stirring, taking out after reacting for 10-15 minutes, standing for 8-12 hours, and curing to obtain a blank; then placing the blank in a hole opening box, vacuumizing, filling acetylene, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:1:2 to normal pressure, standing for 5-10 minutes, and then igniting and opening holes to obtain an organic carrier with a space net-shaped structure;

3) uniformly mixing 8-12 parts by weight of kaolin, 50-60 parts by weight of alumina, 5-15 parts by weight of clay and 10-12 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose, adding deionized water, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare ceramic slurry with the solid content of 50 wt%;

4) soaking the organic carrier prepared in the step 2) in the ceramic slurry prepared in the step 3), extruding the excess ceramic slurry in the organic carrier in an extruding manner to prepare a foamed ceramic blank, drying the foamed ceramic blank at the temperature of 100-.

2. The method for preparing a high-strength ceramic foam according to claim 1, wherein: the catalyst is one of stannous octoate and dibutyltin dilaurate.

3. The method for preparing a high-strength ceramic foam according to claim 1, wherein: 5-6 parts of lignocellulose in the step 1); 80 parts of polyether; 0.2-0.5 part of catalyst; 2-5 parts of water; 1.5-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 6-8 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

4. The method for preparing a high-strength ceramic foam according to claim 1, wherein: 6 parts of lignocellulose in the step 1); 80 parts of polyether; 0.5 part of a catalyst; 5 parts of water; 3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 8 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

5. The method for preparing a high-strength ceramic foam according to claim 1, wherein: 8 parts of kaolin, 55 parts of alumina, 5 parts of clay and 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose in the step 3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramic.

Background

The foamed ceramic is a porous ceramic with a three-dimensional space grid structure and high porosity, and is widely applied to casting, chemical catalytic carrier materials, heat insulation materials, burners, sound absorption materials and the like due to the advantages of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, simple corrosion and regeneration, good filtration and adsorption and the like.

The fusion casting is one of the most widely applied industries of the foamed ceramic filter plate, and has the function of enabling disordered and tumbled molten aluminum to be stable, uniform and clean after passing through three-dimensional holes of the ceramic filter plate, thereby greatly reducing waste products caused by casting defects such as inclusions and the like and saving the production cost.

The chemical catalytic carrier material and the foamed ceramic have high specific surface property, so that the foamed ceramic can be used as a catalytic carrier, the effective contact area can be increased, and the catalytic effect can be enhanced. And the composite material has the advantages of heat resistance, no pollution, low toxicity possibility, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of automobile exhaust, chemical industry and the like for treating toxic, malignant, smelly and other harmful gases, thereby further protecting the environment.

As a heat insulation material, the foam ceramic has the characteristics of low heat conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance and the like due to the existence of closed air holes, the heat release efficiency of the foam ceramic is reduced, and convection in the heat propagation process is reduced, so that the foam ceramic is an ideal heat insulation material. Is currently applied to the heat insulation of the outer shell of the space shuttle and the like.

Application of the burner, the ceramic foam is also used as a porous medium burner, because the flame temperature is reduced by the good heat exchange provided by the ceramic material, the premixed combustion of various combustions is carried out in or near the surface of the inert porous ceramic, thereby saving energy and obviously reducing CO_X、NO_XAnd (5) discharging.

For sound absorption applications, ceramic foams have a large number of pores in a three-dimensional spatial network structure. After the sound waves are transmitted into the porous body, the air in the pores is caused to vibrate, so that the ceramic channels and collaterals are rubbed, and the sound waves are converted into heat to disappear under the action of viscosity, so that the effect of absorbing the sound is achieved.

The preparation of foamed ceramic generally adopts an organic carrier impregnation process, ceramic slurry is impregnated in an organic carrier with a space net-shaped structure, the organic carrier is burnt out after drying, and the foamed ceramic is obtained.

However, since the ceramic slurry is a water-based slurry, the wettability between the organic vehicle and the slurry is sometimes poor, and thus a phenomenon occurs in which thick slurry adheres to the intersecting portions between the vehicle structures and thin slurry adheres to the bridge portions and the ridge portions when the slurry is impregnated, which may cause cracking of the green body during firing of the product and decrease the strength of the foamed ceramic.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art: provides a preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramics.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of high-strength foamed ceramic is prepared by the following steps:

1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of lignocellulose; 80-95 parts of polyether; 0.2-0.5 part of catalyst; 2-5 parts of water; 1.5-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 6-8 parts of toluene diisocyanate;

2) adding the components weighed in the step 1) into a container, uniformly stirring, taking out after reacting for 10-15 minutes, standing for 8-12 hours, and curing to obtain a blank; then placing the blank in a hole opening box, vacuumizing, filling acetylene, hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 1:1:2 to normal pressure, standing for 5-10 minutes, and then igniting and opening holes to obtain an organic carrier with a space net-shaped structure;

3) uniformly mixing 8-12 parts by weight of kaolin, 50-60 parts by weight of alumina, 5-15 parts by weight of clay and 10-12 parts by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose, adding deionized water, stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare ceramic slurry with the solid content of 50 wt%;

4) soaking the organic carrier prepared in the step 2) in the ceramic slurry prepared in the step 3), extruding the excess ceramic slurry in the organic carrier in an extruding manner to prepare a foamed ceramic blank, drying the foamed ceramic blank at the temperature of 100-.

Wherein the catalyst is one of stannous octoate and dibutyltin dilaurate.

Preferably, 5-6 parts of lignocellulose in the step 1); 80 parts of polyether; 0.2-0.5 part of catalyst; 2-5 parts of water; 1.5-3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 6-8 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

Optimally, 6 parts of lignocellulose in the step 1); 80 parts of polyether; 0.5 part of a catalyst; 5 parts of water; 3 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate; 8 parts of toluene diisocyanate.

Preferably, 8 parts of kaolin, 55 parts of alumina, 5 parts of clay and 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose in the step 3).

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts a self-made organic carrier with a space net structure and combines ceramic slurry containing kaolin to prepare foamed ceramic, wherein the kaolin ensures that the ceramic slurry not only has certain fluidity but also has good thixotropy, namely the slurry has the characteristic of being in a solidification state when being static, but also recovers the fluidity under the action of external force, and the fluidity of the slurry ensures that the slurry permeates into the organic carrier in the dipping process and uniformly covers the veins of a space network. The thixotropy of the ceramic slurry can ensure that the viscosity is reduced under the shearing action when the dipping slurry extrudes redundant slurry, the fluidity of the slurry is improved, the shape recovery is facilitated, after the shape recovery, the viscosity of the slurry is increased, and the fluidity is reduced, so that the slurry attached to the venation filaments is easy to solidify and shape, and the strength of the foamed ceramic is effectively improved on the whole by combining the ceramic slurry with an organic carrier.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.