阅读说明：本技术 长效尘土封闭剂及其制备方法 (Long-acting dust sealing agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李刚 张振伟 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种长效尘土封闭剂及其制备方法,属于尘土封闭剂技术领域。解决了现有尘土封闭剂抑尘周期短、容易破坏土壤等问题,其由植物纤维素30-50份、聚己内酯10-30份、木质素磺酸钠13-18份、海藻酸盐、聚富马酸、淀粉接枝丙烯酸盐、碳酸钠、淀粉改性聚丙烯酰胺以及羧甲基淀粉、去离子水组成。制备方法：将木质素磺酸钠加入去离子水中调节溶液pH值至8-9；将植物纤维素和聚己内酯加入溶液中,再依次加入聚富马酸、淀粉接枝丙烯酸盐、碳酸钠以及淀粉改性聚丙烯酰胺,混合均匀后调节pH值至中性,然后加入羧甲基淀粉；所得溶液经微滤膜过滤后喷雾干燥即可。本发明可用于道路、矿区等扬尘严重的场所。(The invention discloses a long-acting dust sealing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dust sealing agents. The dust blocking agent solves the problems that the existing dust blocking agent is short in dust suppression period and easy to damage soil, and the like, and is composed of 30-50 parts of plant cellulose, 10-30 parts of polycaprolactone, 13-18 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, alginate, polyfumaric acid, starch graft acrylate, sodium carbonate, starch modified polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl starch and deionized water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding sodium lignosulfonate into deionized water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8-9; adding plant cellulose and polycaprolactone into the solution, sequentially adding polyfumaric acid, starch grafted acrylate, sodium carbonate and starch modified polyacrylamide, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and then adding carboxymethyl starch; filtering the obtained solution with microfiltration membrane, and spray drying. The invention can be used in places with serious dust emission, such as roads, mining areas and the like.)

1. The long-acting dust sealing agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of plant cellulose, 10-30 parts of polycaprolactone, 13-18 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 10-15 parts of alginate, 3-5 parts of polyfumaric acid, 1-3 parts of starch grafted acrylate, 2-5 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-12 parts of starch modified polyacrylamide, 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl starch and 150 parts of deionized water.

2. The long-acting dust sealant according to claim 1, characterized by consisting of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of plant cellulose, 20 parts of polycaprolactone, 15 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 12 parts of alginate, 4 parts of polyfumaric acid, 2 parts of starch grafted acrylate, 3 parts of sodium carbonate, 8 parts of starch modified polyacrylamide, 2 parts of carboxymethyl starch and 140 parts of deionized water.

3. A long-acting dust sealer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the plant cellulose is activated by dimethoxypropionic anhydride.

4. A long-acting dust sealer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the viscosity of the alginate is 8000-10000 mPa.s.

5. A long-acting dust sealer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the molecular weight range of the poly-fumaric acid is 3800-10000.

6. A preparation method of a long-acting dust sealing agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding sodium lignosulfonate into deionized water, uniformly stirring, and then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8-9;

(2) adding plant cellulose and polycaprolactone into the solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding alginate, stirring for reacting for 3-4h, adding polyfumaric acid, starch graft acrylate, sodium carbonate and starch modified polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral, and then adding carboxymethyl starch;

(3) and filtering the obtained solution by a microfiltration membrane, and then performing spray drying to obtain the long-acting dust sealing agent.

7. The method of preparing a long-lasting dust sealer according to claim 6, wherein: when in use, the long-acting dust sealing agent and water are mixed and dissolved according to the mass ratio of 1: 150-200.

8. A method of preparing a long-acting dust sealer as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the long-acting dust sealing agent can inhibit dust by 60-100 square meters per kilogram.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a long-acting dust sealing agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of dust sealing agents.

Background

Dust pollution is one of the world public hazards, and has various influences on human beings and the environment, such as poison and stimulation to human beings, visibility reduction, equipment abrasion and corrosion, harm to crops, grasslands and livestock, and obvious influence on environmental sanitation. The dust fall is a sign of city cleanliness, and not only influences the life of common people, but also directly influences the air environment quality.

Building sites, mining areas and roads are high-incidence areas polluted by dust, the existing dust sealing agent has various types, but has various defects, such as biological nano-film dust suppression, although the dust sealing effect is good, the dust sealing agent can be degraded and is pollution-free, the dust sealing period is short, and the dust sealing agent can be automatically degraded basically within two days; although the dust suppression and crusting agent can also achieve a good dust suppression effect, the dust suppression and crusting agent can cause soil agglomeration and seriously affect the soil property; and certain high molecular polymer dust sealing agents have the problems of poor water permeability, large influence of artificial environment and natural environment on dust sealing effect and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a long-acting dust sealing agent, and has the advantages of good dust sealing effect, good water permeability and moisture retention, long dust sealing period and the like.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the long-acting dust sealing agent.

The dust sealing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of plant cellulose, 10-30 parts of polycaprolactone, 13-18 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 10-15 parts of alginate, 3-5 parts of polyfumaric acid, 1-3 parts of starch grafted acrylate, 2-5 parts of sodium carbonate, 5-12 parts of starch modified polyacrylamide, 1-3 parts of carboxymethyl starch and 150 parts of deionized water.

The invention utilizes the graft copolymerization technology to carry out chemical modification on the plant cellulose, and the alginate with a chain structure is cross-linked and inserted in the net structure, so that a layer of closed film is formed on the surface of the dust, thereby not only effectively preventing the volatilization of the water, but also preventing the dust particles from contacting the outside.

Preferably, the dust sealing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of plant cellulose, 20 parts of polycaprolactone, 15 parts of sodium lignosulfonate, 12 parts of alginate, 4 parts of polyfumaric acid, 2 parts of starch grafted acrylate, 3 parts of sodium carbonate, 8 parts of starch modified polyacrylamide, 2 parts of carboxymethyl starch and 140 parts of deionized water.

Preferably, the plant cellulose is activated by dimethoxypropionic anhydride. Before the reaction, the plant cellulose is pretreated by dimethoxy propionic anhydride, so that the surface activity of the cellosilk can be improved, and the controllability of active polymerization on molecular weight is stronger.

Preferably, the alginate has a viscosity of 8000-10000 mPa.s.

Preferably, the molecular weight range of the polyfumaric acid is 3800-10000.

The preparation method of the long-acting dust sealing agent comprises the following steps:

(1) adding sodium lignosulfonate into deionized water, uniformly stirring, and then adjusting the pH value of the solution to 8-9;

(2) adding plant cellulose and polycaprolactone into the solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding alginate, stirring for reacting for 3-4h, adding polyfumaric acid, starch graft acrylate, sodium carbonate and starch modified polyacrylamide, mixing uniformly, adjusting the pH value of the solution to be neutral, and then adding carboxymethyl starch;

(3) and filtering the obtained solution by a microfiltration membrane, and then performing spray drying to obtain the long-acting dust sealing agent.

When in use, the long-acting dust sealing agent and water are mixed and dissolved according to the mass ratio of 1:150-200, and each kilogram of the long-acting dust sealing agent can be sealed by 60-100 square meters. The ratio of the existing dust sealing agent raw material to water is generally 1: 50-100, and the dust sealing area of each kilogram of raw materials is 20-30 square meters. Compared with the common hydrogel with a reticular structure, the high polymer material with the semi-interpenetrating network structure prepared by the invention has better fluidity and water absorption, and the formed film has certain viscosity, can stick dust falling on the film and prevent the dust from entering the air again, so the dosage is less and the dust sealing effect is better.

The long-acting dust sealing agent can be used for sealing dust for about 120 days by one-time spraying. The polyfumaric acid is used as an accelerant, and is cured and crosslinked with adhesive substances such as starch modified polyacrylamide, sodium lignosulfonate and the like in the process of spraying and drying the dust sealing agent, so that the adhesive effect of the adhesive is enhanced, the acting force between dust is enhanced, the finally formed adhesive has excellent strength, the shearing force and the pressure of a vehicle on a road surface to a greater extent can be resisted, the dust sealing is enhanced, and the dust sealing period is prolonged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention intercepts dust in a net structure by catching, adsorbing and bonding dust particles, plays a good role in dust sealing, has the performances of moisture absorption and retention, can play a role in wetting and covering the land, and prevents and controls dust. The invention has the advantages of less consumption, good dust sealing effect, long dust sealing period and low dust sealing cost which is less than half of the existing product, and can be widely applied to places such as coal and various metals and nonmetal mining areas, mineral powder slag stockyard, coal and mineral powder transportation, mineral earthwork storage and unloading yard, building demolition, road under construction, thermal power plant, cement plant, steel plant, metallurgical plant, dust workshop, artificial sand beach, desertification area and the like. The product of the invention passes the test of the national ministry of environmental protection, is nontoxic and harmless, has no pollution, does not harm soil and plants, does not influence the quality of the accumulation, is safe and reliable, is convenient to use and is simple to operate.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.