阅读说明：本技术 利用贝壳的中间碎片制造轻质高强度材料的方法 (Method for manufacturing light high-strength material by using intermediate fragments of shells ) 是由 申相模 金桢雨 于 2018-05-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及利用贝壳的碎片制造轻质高强度材料的方法及轻质高强度材料。本发明从贝壳回收碎片并利用粘合剂将碎片层压和排列成规则的状态,从而制造质量轻且机械性优良的材料。根据本发明,通过利用废弃的贝壳,能够实现降低费用并解决环境问题的效果。(The present invention relates to a method for producing a lightweight high-strength material from fragments of shells and a lightweight high-strength material. The present invention recovers chips from shells and laminates and arranges the chips in a regular state using an adhesive, thereby manufacturing a material that is light in weight and excellent in mechanical properties. According to the present invention, the waste shells are used, thereby reducing costs and solving environmental problems.)

1. A method of making a lightweight, high strength material, comprising:

a step of separating intermediate pieces of the shell from the shell; and

the intermediate pieces detached from the shells are subjected to a step of laminating and rearranging.

2. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 1,

the laminated and rearranged structure is a hierarchical structure.

3. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 1,

the laminating and rearranging affixes the intermediate pieces detached from the shells with an adhesive.

4. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 1,

the step of laminating and rearranging the intermediate pieces is performed by a surface mount method or 3D printing.

5. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 3,

the adhesive is epoxy resin or polyurethane adhesive.

6. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 5,

the binder is mixed with a pulverized fiber of glass or carbon.

7. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 1,

the lamination and rearrangement uses prepregs made of glass or carbon fibers with a binder.

8. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 1,

in the step of laminating and rearranging, the shape or physical properties of the final material are adjusted by heating or pressing.

9. The method for producing a lightweight high-strength material according to claim 8,

in the step of laminating and rearranging, after the final material is manufactured, stress generated during the manufacturing of the final material is adjusted by further applying heat or pressure, thereby adjusting final physical properties of the final material.

10. A light high-strength material is characterized in that,

the lightweight high-strength material is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a lightweight high-strength material using an intermediate piece of a shell, and more particularly, to detaching a piece of a shell from a shell and laminating and rearranging the piece using an adhesive.

Background

Light-weight and high-hardness materials are required in most fields such as automobiles, aerospace fields, electronic communication fields, military demand fields, and the like. Particularly, in the field of military needs, a lightweight and mechanically excellent bulletproof material is required, and boron carbide (boron carbide), silicon carbide (silicon carbide), and the like, which are currently used in general, do not play an effective role due to their high price. Although there are many artificial materials, it is also possible to search for a material having similar properties and more excellent physical properties from natural substances.

The shell, one of them, is a term referring to the shell of shellfish, and the shell of shellfish that has evolved over hundreds of millions of years has very excellent mechanical properties in consideration of weight and thickness. For example, seashells have a specific gravity of 2.6, similar to boron carbide (boron carbide), but are lighter than silicon carbide (silicon carbide) and aluminum nitride (aluminum nitride).

The cross-sectional structure of the shell is excellent in physical properties because it has a structure similar to a brick and mortar (brick and mortar) in which fine chips are laminated in several thousands of layers like a very thin brick of about 0.5 μm. The crack (crack) expands from between the fine fragments when a force is applied from the outside, but the crack does not continue to expand but stops in the middle because the shell has a peculiar structure capable of absorbing the external force and energy. However, it is currently difficult to actually pattern and reproduce natural brick and mortar (brick and mortar) structures from shells. This is due to the difficulty of manually laminating thousands of layers of fine debris.

In addition, in recent years, 50 million tons of shells are discarded on the coast of the sea every year, which causes serious water pollution and environmental pollution. Shells are natural materials with high utilization value, and need to be actively utilized to prevent environmental pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problem

The object of the present invention is to produce a lightweight and mechanically excellent material from shells which are natural waste resources.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a lightweight high-strength material, including: a step of separating intermediate pieces of the shell from the shell; and a step of laminating and rearranging the intermediate pieces detached from the shells.

Preferably, the laminated and rearranged structure is a hierarchical structure.

Preferably, the lamination and rearrangement is effected using an adhesive. The adhesive is an epoxy or polyurethane series adhesive. The binder is mixed with a pulverized fiber material made of glass or carbon, or is formed into a prepreg (prepreg) in a glass fiber form or a carbon fiber form at a time.

And, another aspect of the present invention provides a lightweight high-strength material manufactured by the manufacturing method.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention as described above, the intermediate pieces of the shell are separated from the shell and laminated and rearranged, thereby manufacturing a lightweight high-strength material to be applied to various fields while having an effect of being able to solve environmental problems.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of making middle fragments according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a cross-section of the intermediate chip fabricated in fig. 1 after being cross-laminated;

FIG. 3 shows two intermediate pieces cut from a shell and a final sheet laminated with the intermediate pieces, according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a final panel after cross lamination made according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph showing the experimental result of a three-point bending test (3-point bend test) performed on a panel manufactured by laminating intermediate chips according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a graph showing the experimental results of a three-point bending test performed on a carbon fiber-reinforced plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Various embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present specification, "shell" refers to a term that represents the shell of shellfish, which is a general term for mollusks belonging to the class shellfish. Typical shellfish are oysters, clams, red shellfishes, abalones and the like. It is known that the internal structure of these shells has evolved over hundreds of millions of years to a brick-and-mortar type structure consisting of fine chips and its fracture toughness (fracturegouhness) is found to be more than 3000 times stronger than weight. In the present embodiment, a shell is used in order to utilize such a feature, and since a shell discarded on the coast can be used, an effect of solving environmental problems is also exerted at the same time.

The fine fragments in the shell are arranged in a brick and mortar type (brick and mortar) structure, which makes the shell very mechanical. However, since it is difficult to form such a structure by hand, a method of separating and laminating an intermediate piece (meso plate) as a part of a shell in which fine pieces are well arranged may be considered.

The constituents of the shell are all calcium carbonate, but the exterior is typically a high hardness calcite (calcite) structure and the interior is typically a relatively low hardness aragonite (aragonite) structure. Calcite is an anhydrous carbonate mineral belonging to the hexagonal system, and since crystals are distinct and have various forms, a plate having a beautiful appearance can be manufactured. Aragonite is a mineral belonging to the tetragonal system, has the same crystal structure as olivine, and is stronger and has a higher specific gravity than calcite because of its crystal system, although similar to that of calcite and the like.

Therefore, when a material is produced from shells, the material may be produced by cutting or peeling a calcite (calcite) portion and an aragonite (aragonite) portion, respectively, or by mixing them appropriately by adjusting the thickness, size, shape, and the like, depending on the physical properties or use of the material finally required.

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of making an intermediate chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. The intermediate pieces having a desired size and a desired thickness are manufactured by various methods including cutting and grinding the shells. The material of the middle piece may also be a natural or artificial material including a shell having a similar structure and shape to the shell. By cross-laminating such intermediate chip materials, the final physical properties can be improved or adjusted.

Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a partial cross section after intermediate chips manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention are cross-laminated. Fig. 2 shows a portion of the final three-dimensional material, but the final three-dimensional material may not be planar as shown in fig. 2. This concept can be used to produce three-dimensional materials having a variety of morphologies, sizes, and physical properties.

Fig. 2 a shows the case of cross-laminating flat intermediate chips. B of fig. 2 shows a case where the intermediate chips are cross-laminated and processed to maintain a predetermined curved surface. The spaces between the intermediate chips are filled with the adhesive. As shown in a of fig. 2, the middle piece may be a flat surface, as shown in b of fig. 2, or may have various shapes including a curved surface to adjust various physical properties, as shown in c of fig. 2, or may have various shapes including a curved surface. Since the final material may be formed by combining or mixing and laminating intermediate pieces having various sizes and thicknesses, not only a three-dimensional structure having a flat plate as a final shape but also a three-dimensional structure having an arbitrary shape may be manufactured. Methods of lamination include surface mounting technology (surface mounting), 3D printing (3D printing), and pen drawing (pen writing) methods, etc., according to the shape, size, and thickness of the intermediate chip. In order to impart an arbitrary three-dimensional shape, the following method may be employed: the intermediate pieces are laminated and assembled on the surface of a mold having an arbitrary shape to manufacture a structure having a final arbitrary three-dimensional shape, or after the intermediate pieces are made into an arbitrary shape, pressure is applied using the mold having a final shape or pressure and heat or the like are applied to manufacture a structure having an arbitrary final three-dimensional shape.

Fig. 3 shows two intermediate chips cut from a shell and a final plate laminated with the intermediate chips according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 a is a middle chip cut in a size of several centimeters, fig. 3 b is a middle chip cut in a size of several millimeters and ground to be thin, and fig. 3 c is a plate material cross-laminated with the middle chip of fig. 3 b. The sheet material is merely an example, and a final structure having any three-dimensional shape including the sheet material may be manufactured.

Fig. 4 shows the final board after cross lamination according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 a is a plate material in which a few mm-sized intermediate chips are laminated, fig. 4 b is a plate material in which a few cm-sized thin intermediate chips are laminated, and fig. 4 c is a plate material in which a few cm-sized intermediate chips are directly laminated without being ground.

The structure of these intermediate fragments is rearranged so that the cracks do not expand any more when the intermediate fragments are impacted, thereby increasing the mechanical strength. The structure may be a form that mimics a hierarchy structure.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the experimental result of a three-point bending test (3-point bending) performed on a plate material manufactured by laminating middle chips, in which test strips are manufactured to specification from the plate material manufactured according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the test strips are bent (bending) by applying a force to the middle portion of each test strip. The X-axis is the ratio of the added length of each test strip to the original length of each test strip when a force is applied, and the y-axis represents the force applied to each test strip. The slope of the curve corresponds to Young's modulus (Young's modulus), which represents the force required to increase the length of each test strip. In fig. 5, a shows the result when the test piece has a thickness of 3mm, b in fig. 5 shows the result when the test piece has a thickness of 1mm, and in a in fig. 5, five lines show the result when the middle chip is laminated with the epoxy resin, and the lower three lines show the result when the epoxy resin to which no shell is added. From the results, it is understood that the strength is greatly increased when the intermediate pieces are laminated and aligned and then attached with an epoxy resin. The graph is only used to show the strength of the test strip in the examples, but is not limited thereto.

The intermediate fragments are contacted using an adhesive of polyurethane series of epoxy, glue, etc., but the adhesive is not limited thereto. Further, the amount, thickness, pressure of press or rolling, curing, and other post-treatments may be adjusted according to the final physical properties required, and at least one of the methods of using an adhesive, applying pressure, and heating to an appropriate temperature may be used as the attaching method.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of a three-point bending test (3-point bend test) of a test strip manufactured by manufacturing a plurality of plates (plates) using intermediate chips and pasting the same with epoxy resin after inserting carbon fiber prepreg between the plates (plates) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The thickness of a general test piece to which the carbon fiber prepreg was not added was 4mm, and the thickness of a Carbon Fiber (CF) reinforced test piece to which the carbon fiber prepreg was added was 4.4 mm. The strength of the test piece was similar to Young's modulus regardless of whether carbon fiber reinforcement was used, but the flexural strain (flexural strain) of the test piece reinforced with carbon fiber was greatly increased. The results are intended to illustrate that a variety of application techniques can be applied to the presently disclosed technology and are not limited thereto.

Here, the carbon fiber prepreg is inserted between the plates (plates) made of the intermediate pieces in the present embodiment, but the mechanical effect can be changed by mixing a ground fiber such as glass or carbon with a binder such as epoxy resin.