阅读说明：本技术 聚能水压***装置 (Energy-gathering water pressure blasting device ) 是由 何满潮 张权 刘冬桥 郭山 郝耐 于 2019-12-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开关于一种聚能水压爆破装置,该聚能水压爆破装置包括：聚能管、炸药包、水袋与引线,聚能管呈空心筒状,所述聚能管径向相对的两侧上分别设有多个聚能孔,多个所述聚能孔沿所述聚能管的轴向延伸分布；炸药包设于所述聚能管中,所述炸药包上设有雷管；水袋设于所述聚能管内,且位于所述炸药包的两端；引线与所述雷管连接,并从所述聚能管引出。本公开提供的聚能水压爆破装置,能有效地避免发生瓦斯爆炸,对岩石造成的爆破作用更强,降低了粉尘浓度。(The present disclosure relates to an energy-collecting hydraulic pressure blasting device, which includes: the energy-gathering pipe is in a hollow cylinder shape, a plurality of energy-gathering holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the energy-gathering pipe in the radial direction, and the plurality of energy-gathering holes are distributed along the axial extension of the energy-gathering pipe; the explosive is arranged in the energy gathering pipe, and a detonator is arranged on the explosive; the water bag is arranged in the energy collecting pipe and positioned at two ends of the explosive package; and the lead is connected with the detonator and is led out from the energy gathering pipe. The energy-gathered water pressure blasting device can effectively avoid gas explosion, has stronger blasting effect on rocks, and reduces dust concentration.)

1. An energy-concentrating hydraulic blasting device, comprising:

the energy-gathering pipe is in a hollow cylinder shape, a plurality of energy-gathering holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the energy-gathering pipe in the radial direction, and the plurality of energy-gathering holes are distributed along the axial extension of the energy-gathering pipe;

the explosive charge is arranged in the energy gathering pipe, and a detonator is arranged on the explosive charge;

the water bag is arranged in the energy collecting pipe and is positioned at two ends of the explosive package;

and the lead is connected with the detonator and is led out from the energy gathering pipe.

2. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

and the fixing piece is arranged on the opposite energy-gathering holes on the energy-gathering pipe in a penetrating way and is used for limiting the explosive charge in the energy-gathering pipe.

3. A blasting apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein there are at least two fixing elements passing through said shaped holes respectively corresponding to the ends of said explosive charge to define a limit for said explosive charge in the axial direction of said shaped tube.

4. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the energy focusing tube comprises two rows of energy focusing holes symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the energy focusing tube.

5. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the number of shaped holes on both sides of the shaped tube is the same.

6. Blasting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of the shaped holes are evenly distributed along the radial extension of the shaped tube.

7. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shaped charges on opposite sides of the shaped charge are located in facing relationship.

8. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the shaped orifices is uniform in size and shape.

9. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water bag is saline.

10. The blasting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the water bag is formed of a rubber material.

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a directional presplitting joint-cutting technical field particularly, relates to an it can water pressure blasting device to gather.

Background

The non-pillar self-lane forming is used in a plurality of mine areas in the country and is popularized in a large range. The top plate directional presplitting blasting technology is one of the core technologies of the construction method, and the top cutting is mainly carried out by adopting bidirectional energy-gathering stretching blasting at present.

When the bidirectional energy-gathering blasting is adopted, the residual part in the hollow part of the drill hole is coupled by an air medium, the produced high-temperature airflow easily causes gas explosion accidents, and the produced toxic and harmful gases (CO and NOx) are more, the dust concentration is higher, and the gas explosion accidents are not beneficial to the health of workers.

It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide an energy-collecting water pressure blasting device which can effectively avoid gas explosion, has stronger blasting effect on rocks and reduces dust concentration.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a cumulative water pressure blasting apparatus, comprising:

the energy-gathering pipe is in a hollow cylinder shape, a plurality of energy-gathering holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the energy-gathering pipe in the radial direction, and the plurality of energy-gathering holes are distributed along the axial extension of the energy-gathering pipe;

the explosive charge is arranged in the energy gathering pipe, and a detonator is arranged on the explosive charge;

the water bag is arranged in the energy collecting pipe and is positioned at two ends of the explosive package;

and the lead is connected with the detonator and is led out from the energy gathering pipe.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the blasting apparatus further includes:

and the fixing piece is arranged on the opposite energy-gathering holes on the energy-gathering pipe in a penetrating way and is used for limiting the explosive charge in the energy-gathering pipe.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two fixing members are provided, which respectively pass through the energy-collecting holes corresponding to both ends of the explosive package, and form a limit for the explosive package in an axial direction of the energy-collecting pipe.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, two rows of energy gathering holes are arranged on the energy gathering tube, and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the energy gathering tube.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of concentrator holes on both sides of the concentrator tube is the same.

In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a plurality of said shaped orifices is evenly distributed along a radial extension of said shaped tube.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the energy concentrating holes on both sides of the energy concentrating tube is positioned to face.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the shaped orifices is uniform in size and shape.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the water bag is saline.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the water bag is formed of a rubber material.

According to the energy-gathering water pressure blasting device provided by the disclosure, the water bags are arranged at the two ends of the explosive bag, and the coupling medium is water, so that the temperature of explosive gas can be absorbed, an obvious flame-extinguishing effect is achieved, and the possibility of gas explosion danger can be effectively reduced; in addition, compared with air, water is incompressible, the density is high, the flowing viscosity is high, the action intensity of the explosion shock wave excited in water is high, the time is long, the energy-gathered water pressure blasting has the air wedge function of high-pressure explosive gas and the water wedge function of high-speed jet flow in the direction of the energy-gathered hole, and therefore the damage effect on rocks is stronger.

In addition, water can absorb toxic gas, sound and vibration and wet dust, so that the quantity of harmful gas can be reduced by energy-gathered water pressure blasting, the generated noise and vibration are small, and the quantity of dust is reduced. The energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting device combines the advantages of energy-accumulating blasting and hydraulic blasting, can be directionally seamed, can save explosive, reduce dust concentration, avoid gas explosion, and simultaneously can improve the distance between adjacent energy-accumulating blasting holes and improve blasting efficiency.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a concentrator tube provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a cumulative water pressure burst device provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cumulative water pressure blasting apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a front view of a truncated roadway with roof and floor panels provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a top view of a truncated roadway provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cumulative water pressure burst device coupled to an initiator according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for directional topping using energy-gathered hydraulic blasting according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.

The terms "a," "an," "the," "said," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.

The disclosed embodiments provide an energy-gathered water pressure blasting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including: the energy-collecting tube 10 is in a hollow cylinder shape, a plurality of energy-collecting holes 101 are respectively arranged on two sides of the energy-collecting tube 10 which are opposite in the radial direction, and the plurality of energy-collecting holes 101 are distributed along the axial extension of the energy-collecting tube 10; the explosive bag 30 is arranged in the energy gathering pipe 10, and the detonator 20 is arranged on the explosive bag 30; the water bag 50 is arranged in the energy-gathering pipe 10 and positioned at two ends of the explosive bag 30, and water is filled in the water bag 50; the lead wire is connected to detonator 20 and exits from concentrator tube 10.

According to the energy-gathering water pressure blasting device provided by the disclosure, the water bags are arranged at the two ends of the explosive bag, and the coupling medium is water, so that the temperature of explosive gas can be absorbed, an obvious flame-extinguishing effect is achieved, and the possibility of gas explosion danger can be effectively reduced; in addition, compared with air, water is incompressible, the density is high, the flowing viscosity is high, the action intensity of the explosion shock wave excited in water is high, the time is long, the energy-gathered water pressure blasting has the air wedge function of high-pressure explosive gas and the water wedge function of high-speed jet flow in the direction of the energy-gathered hole, and therefore the damage effect on rocks is stronger.

In addition, water can absorb toxic gas, sound and vibration and wet dust, so that the quantity of harmful gas can be reduced by energy-gathered water pressure blasting, the generated noise and vibration are small, and the quantity of dust is reduced. The energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting device combines the advantages of energy-accumulating blasting and hydraulic blasting, can be directionally seamed, can save explosive, reduce dust concentration, avoid gas explosion, and simultaneously can improve the distance between adjacent energy-accumulating blasting holes and improve blasting efficiency.

Specifically, the material of the energy collecting pipe 10 may be a pipe added with a flame retardant material, a plurality of energy collecting holes 101 are respectively arranged on two radially opposite sides of the energy collecting pipe 10, and the plurality of energy collecting holes 101 are distributed along the axial extension of the energy collecting pipe 10. The energy-gathering pipe 10 is provided with energy-gathering holes 101 at positions corresponding to the explosive bag 30 and the water bag 50.

The number of the energy gathering holes 101 on both sides of the energy gathering tube 10 is the same, and the plurality of energy gathering holes 101 are uniformly distributed along the radial extension of the energy gathering tube 10. The impact force generated instantly after the explosive bag 30 is triggered can be uniformly discharged from the two sides of the energy-gathering pipe 10; in addition, the energy gathering holes 101 are uniformly distributed along the radial extension of the energy gathering pipe 10, so that the reliability of the blasting device for directionally cracking the rock or coal body can be further improved, and the fracture surface of the rock or coal body is prevented from deviating from the preset fracture surface.

Wherein, each energy-gathering hole 101 position on the both sides of energy-gathering pipe 10 is just to setting up to further guarantee that the extrusion force that energy-gathering pipe 10 both sides received is unanimous, thereby further guarantee the reliability that the blast apparatus cracked to rock or coal body orientation.

As shown in fig. 1, two rows of energy gathering holes 101 are arranged on the energy gathering tube 10, and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the energy gathering tube 10, the energy gathering holes 101 are circular, and the size and the shape of each energy gathering hole 101 are consistent. Those skilled in the art can select other shaped orifices 101, such as oval, rectangular, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to the size, shape, and number of shaped orifices 101.

Specifically, the energy-concentrating hydraulic blasting device further comprises fixing members, which are arranged on the energy-concentrating pipe 10 at opposite energy-concentrating holes 101, for forming a limit for the explosive charge 30 in the energy-concentrating pipe 10. Wherein, at least two fixing pieces are arranged, which respectively pass through the energy-gathering holes 101 corresponding to the two ends of the explosive package 30 and form the limit to the explosive package 30 in the radial direction of the energy-gathering tube 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the explosive package 30 is placed in the middle of the energy collecting pipe 10, the fixing member is a wire 40, both ends of the wire 40 are fixed by the wire 101 through the energy collecting holes, and the explosive package 30 is fixed by the wire 40 passing through the two energy collecting holes 101 nearest to both ends of the plastic film. Since the shaped holes 101 are located on both sides of the shaped pipe 10 symmetrically and on the axial center plane of the shaped pipe 10, the diameter of the explosive charge 30 is at least two times larger than the diameter of the shaped pipe 10.

Specifically, the water in the water bag 50 may be saline. The specific heat capacity of the saline water is larger than that of the water, so that the temperature of the explosion gas can be absorbed more conveniently, the obvious flame-extinguishing effect is achieved, and the possibility of gas explosion danger can be effectively reduced. Wherein, the water bag 50 can be made of rubber or other materials.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 2, the energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting device may comprise a plurality of energy-accumulating pipes 10, each energy-accumulating pipe 10 is provided with an explosive charge 30 and a water bag 50, and the structure and the material of each energy-accumulating pipe 10 are the same. Multiple shaped pipes 10 can be connected in series, so that the leading wires of the detonators 20 of the explosive packages 30 are connected in series to form a shaped hydraulic blasting device with adjustable length to meet the cutting seams at different depths. Specifically, the plurality of concentrator tubes 10 may be connected in series by plugging, snapping, bonding, welding, or the like, which is not limited by this disclosure.

The present disclosure also provides a method for directional topping by energy-gathered hydraulic blasting, as shown in fig. 7, the method for directional topping includes:

s100, forming a row of slit cutting holes on the top surface of the target body to be cracked along a preset top cutting line;

s200, determining the loading amount of each slit hole and the number of the slit holes for each blasting;

step S300, arranging the energy-collecting hydraulic blasting devices in all the slotted holes, and determining the number of the energy-collecting hydraulic blasting devices in all the slotted holes according to the charge of all the slotted holes;

s400, adjusting the orientation of the energy-gathering holes on each energy-gathering pipe to enable the energy-gathering holes to face along the direction of a preset to-be-cracked surface of the target to-be-cracked body;

step S500, leading out the lead of the blasting device in each kerf hole from the kerf hole opening, and connecting the lead led out from each kerf hole opening of each blasting together in series;

and S600, sealing the slit cutting holes by using stemming.

According to the method for directionally cutting the top by adopting the energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting, the water bags are arranged at the two ends of the explosive charge in the energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting device, and the coupling medium is water, so that the temperature of explosive gas can be absorbed, the obvious flame-extinguishing effect is realized, and the possibility of gas explosion danger can be effectively reduced; in addition, compared with air, water is incompressible, the density is high, the flowing viscosity is high, the action intensity of the explosion shock wave excited in water is high, the time is long, the energy-gathered water pressure blasting has the air wedge function of high-pressure explosive gas and the water wedge function of high-speed jet flow in the direction of the energy-gathered hole, and therefore the damage effect on rocks is stronger.

In addition, water can absorb toxic gas, sound and vibration and wet dust, so that the quantity of harmful gas can be reduced by energy-gathered water pressure blasting, the generated noise and vibration are small, and the quantity of dust is reduced. The energy-accumulating hydraulic blasting device combines the advantages of energy-accumulating blasting and hydraulic blasting, can be directionally seamed, can save explosive, reduce dust concentration, avoid gas explosion, and simultaneously can improve the distance between adjacent energy-accumulating blasting holes and improve blasting efficiency.

Next, the steps of the method of directional topping using energy-gathered hydraulic blasting in the present exemplary embodiment will be further described.

In step S100, a row of kerf holes is formed along a preset kerf line on the top surface of the target to-be-cracked body.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, a roof cutting line is determined on the roadway roof 610, and then a row of kerf holes 70 is formed in a direction along the preset roof cutting line by a drilling tool, as designed as required. The bottom of the tunnel 650 is provided with a bottom plate 620, and the two sides of the tunnel 650 are provided with a working face coal seam 640 and a lower working face coal seam 630.

The kerf drilling holes are positioned above the roadway and close to the coal seam side of the working face, the circle center connecting lines of the openings of the kerf holes 70 are straight lines, and the depth, the angle and the distance of the drilling holes are determined by specific geological conditions. Specifically, the distance between the drilled holes is determined according to the hardness of the top plate 610, and when the top plate is hard, the distance between the centers of circles of the openings of the adjacent slit holes is 400-500 mm; when the top plate is a medium hard top plate, the distance between adjacent slit cutting holes is 450-500 mm; when the top plate is soft, the distance between adjacent slit cutting holes is 500-600 mm; when the composite top plate is used, the distance between adjacent slit cutting holes is 450-600 mm. In addition, the included angle between the radial central axis of the slit cutting hole and the top surface of the roadway is 10-25 degrees.

Wherein the depth of the slit hole 70 is H ═ M- Δ H₁-ΔH₂) (K-1), wherein: m is mining height,. DELTA.H₁Is the amount of roof subsidence, Δ H₂The floor heave amount and K is the residual coefficient of crushing and expansion. The theoretical depth of the kerf aperture 70 may be calculated according to the above formula.

In step S200, the charge per slit hole and the number of slit holes per shot are determined.

Specifically, the charge amount of the slit hole 70 can be determined according to the size of the area of the roof-cut part of the target roadway roof and the size of the blasting force required by the roof-cut area; when the roof is cut by the fractional blasting, the number of the slit holes 70 of each blasting can be determined according to the discharge amount of toxic and harmful gases, the excessive harmful gases generated due to the excessive slit holes 70 of each blasting are avoided, the life safety of operators is ensured, and the reliability of the method for directional roof cutting by energy-collecting hydraulic blasting is improved.

In step S300, the energy-gathered hydraulic blasting devices are disposed in the slotted holes, and the number of the energy-gathered hydraulic blasting devices in each slotted hole is determined according to the loading of each slotted hole.

Specifically, the explosive amount of the slit holes 70 is determined according to the area size of the top-cutting part of the target roadway roof and the explosive force required by the top-cutting area, and the explosive amount of the explosive in each energy-collecting hydraulic blasting device is a fixed value, so that the required number of the energy-collecting hydraulic blasting devices can be obtained according to the total explosive amount required in each slit hole 70.

In step S400, the orientation of the energy-gathering holes on each energy-gathering tube is adjusted to make the energy-gathering holes oriented along the direction of the preset fracture surface of the target fracture object.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, after the slit holes 70 are formed, the slit holes 70 are filled with one detonator 20 per shaped tube 10, and then all detonators 20 in a single slit hole 70 are connected in series. And adjusting the orientation of the energy gathering holes 101 on each energy gathering pipe 10 to enable the relative energy gathering holes 101 on each energy gathering pipe 20 to be oriented along the direction of the preset fracture surface of the target body to be fractured.

In step S500, the lead wires of the blasting device in each slit hole are led out from the slit hole openings, and the lead wires led out from the slit hole openings for each blasting are connected in series.

Specifically, the lead of the blasting device in each kerf hole 70 is led out from the opening of the kerf hole 70, and the leads led out from the kerf holes 70 to be blasted each time are connected in series, so that different batches of blasting operations are realized.

In step 600, stemming is used to plug the slit hole.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, after the lead of the blasting device in each slit hole 70 is led out from the opening of the slit hole 70, the opening of the slit hole 70 is sealed with the stemming 80, and the depth of the stemming 80 is not less than 1.5 m. Or after the slit hole 70 is sealed by the stemming 80, the leads led out from the slit hole 70 to be blasted each time can be connected in series.

In addition, after the slit hole 70 is sealed by the stemming 80, the gas in the air flow within 20m of the explosion site is checked, and the explosion is not allowed when the gas concentration is more than 0.8%. When the gas concentration is less than 0.8%, the lead wires connected in series are connected to the initiator 90 for initiation. After the blasting, the state of the crack in the slit hole 70 is observed with a drill sight, and the slitting rate (the slitting rate is the length of the crack/(the length of the drilled hole with the energy-gathered pipe section × 2)) is calculated, and if the slitting rate reaches 80% or more, the remaining slit holes 70 are blasted according to the parameter. If the slitting rate is less than 80%, the test is performed again by adjusting parameters such as the depth of the slitting hole 70 and the amount of explosive until the slitting rate reaches 80% or more.

It should be noted that although the various steps of the methods of the present disclosure are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these steps must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the depicted steps must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions, etc.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.