阅读说明：本技术 一种工具头带微阵列结构的自润滑式超声滚压装置 (Self-lubricating formula supersound rolling press device of instrument bandeau microarray structure ) 是由 梁志强 陈一帆 栾晓圣 王西彬 周天丰 李宏伟 解丽静 焦黎 刘志兵 颜培 沈文 于 2019-12-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种工具头带微阵列结构的自润滑式超声滚压装置,该装置可实现滚压头与变幅杆之间超声振幅与频率的高效传递,并在滚压头与工件的低摩擦状态下对工件进行超声深滚强化。其包括压电陶瓷堆、变幅杆、多种型号的一体式微织构滚压头等组件；本发明的滚压头后端加工成螺纹与变幅杆配合进行一体化设计,前端部分经过激光预制微阵列结构,并嵌填自润滑材料进行抛光处理,可在加工中减少滚压头与工件间的滑动摩擦,并粘附滚压头受磨损区域提高工具寿命与加工质量；滚压头配备多种型号,可根据工件大小、材料与加工需求的不同选择不同的滚压头型号,以达到最优加工效果。(The invention provides a self-lubricating type ultrasonic rolling device with a tool head provided with a microarray structure, which can realize high-efficiency transmission of ultrasonic amplitude and frequency between a rolling head and an amplitude transformer and carry out ultrasonic deep rolling strengthening on a workpiece in a low-friction state of the rolling head and the workpiece. The device comprises a piezoelectric ceramic stack, an amplitude transformer, various types of integrated micro-texture rolling heads and other components; the rear end of the rolling head is processed into threads to be matched with the amplitude transformer for integrated design, the front end part is subjected to laser prefabrication of a micro-array structure, and self-lubricating materials are embedded for polishing treatment, so that the sliding friction between the rolling head and a workpiece can be reduced in the processing process, and the worn area of the rolling head is adhered to, so that the service life of a tool is prolonged, and the processing quality of the tool is improved; the rolling head is provided with various models, and different rolling head models can be selected according to different sizes, materials and processing requirements of workpieces so as to achieve the optimal processing effect.)

1. A self-lubricating ultrasonic rolling device with a tool head provided with a microarray structure mainly comprises an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic rolling device and a connecting handle, wherein the ultrasonic rolling device is clamped on a numerical control machine tool rest through the connecting handle, the feed amount can be controlled through a numerical control machine tool rest dividing disc, an ultrasonic power supply is turned on during work to output a digital signal, a piezoelectric ceramic stack starts to generate ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration with superposed amplitude after receiving the digital signal, a flange plate of an ultrasonic vibrator is fixed with an outer cylinder through a front positioning cylinder, the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted along the axial direction after the amplitude is amplified through an amplitude-changing rod, meanwhile, a fan starts to work, heat generated by the ultrasonic vibrator is discharged through a ventilation groove formed in the outer cylinder, cooling liquid is introduced from an oil inlet at the lower end of the front positioning cylinder and gradually fills a cavity formed by the tool head outer cylinder and the amplitude-changing rod, the cooling liquid flows out from the front end of the rolling head, cools and lubricates the contact surfaces of the rolling head, a workpiece and a rolling head support, and then redundant cooling liquid is led out from an oil outlet at the upper end of the front positioning cylinder; the ultrasonic rolling equipment is characterized by comprising a rolling head with a microarray structure surface, wherein the rolling head is made of hard alloy materials and is filled with a self-lubricating material, the rear end part of the rolling head is provided with threads, an internal thread is correspondingly processed on an amplitude transformer, and the rolling head and the amplitude transformer are connected through the threads to form an integrated structure.

2. The ultrasonic roller press of claim 1 wherein the roller press head is manufactured by: the method is characterized in that a micro-array structure is prefabricated on a rolling head through laser, the processing surface of the rolling head is polished and polished after processing is finished, the edge bulge of the micro-array structure generated by processing is eliminated, a self-lubricating material is embedded into the micro-array structure after the rolling head is cleaned by ultrasonic, and the surface of the rolling head is polished and cleaned and then is processed.

3. The ultrasonic rolling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coverage of the microarray structure on the front end surface of the rolling head is above 30%, and the microarray structure is preferably a micro-pit array.

4. The ultrasonic rolling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diameter of the micro-pits is preferably 20 to 40 μm, the depth is preferably 10 to 20 μm, and the arrangement pitch is preferably 150-200 μm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a self-lubricating ultrasonic rolling device with a microarray structure on a tool head.

Background

The ultrasonic rolling processing technology is a novel surface strengthening technology combining ultrasonic frequency vibration impact and static load rolling. The surface layer of the workpiece generates plastic flow under the combination of rolling pressure and ultrasonic impact, the roughness is reduced, the crystal grains are refined to form nano-crystals, and the residual stress distribution of the surface layer of the workpiece is improved; thereby enhancing the mechanical property of the workpiece, prolonging the fatigue life of the workpiece, playing the role of enhancing the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the workpiece and having wide application in industrial production.

The traditional fixedly-connected ultrasonic rolling device is characterized in that a rolling head and an amplitude transformer are welded and rigidly connected into a whole, the frequency and the amplitude of the amplitude transformer can be efficiently transmitted to the rolling head, deeper residual stress layer depth is introduced to a processed workpiece, and ultrasonic deep rolling is realized. The rolling head and the workpiece are in a sliding friction state in the machining process, the surface of the rolling head is seriously influenced by friction force and friction heat, so that the rolling head is easy to wear, short in service life and incapable of ensuring the quality consistency of machined components, and when the rolling head is worn, the rolling head can only be replaced together with the amplitude transformer and the transducer, so that the machining cost is extremely high.

In order to solve the problem, an ultrasonic roll finishing device is provided, wherein a rolling head is separated from an amplitude transformer, and rolling friction between the rolling head and a workpiece is utilized to reduce friction loss, so that the service life is longer. However, the ultrasonic roll finishing device has great energy loss in the amplitude and frequency transmission process of the amplitude transformer and the rolling head, the ultrasonic vibration impact effect on the surface of the workpiece is weakened, the surface of the workpiece can only be finished, and the depth of the residual stress layer is shallow, so that the production requirement of part of the workpiece cannot be met.

Therefore, the ultrasonic rolling device which has the advantages of strong ultrasonic vibration impact effect, reduction of the abrasion of the rolling head and remarkable improvement of the service life is provided by comprehensively considering the defects of large abrasion of the rolling head of the traditional fixed connection type ultrasonic rolling device and small ultrasonic impact amplitude of the ultrasonic rolling device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a self-lubricating ultrasonic rolling device with a tool head provided with a microarray structure, wherein the amplitude transformer and the rolling heads are connected by threads to realize high-efficiency transmission of ultrasonic amplitude and frequency. On the other hand, the micro-array structure is processed at the front end of the tool head, the self-lubricating material is embedded and filled, the self-lubricating material forms a lubricating film on the metal surface under the comprehensive action of friction force and friction heat in the working process, the lubricating state between the rolling head and a workpiece can be effectively improved, the abrasion of the rolling head in the processing process is reduced, and when the rolling head is abraded in a certain stage after being processed, the self-lubricating material is bonded at the position of the rolling head, where the grinding mark is generated, under the influence of the friction force, the rolling head is prevented from being further abraded, so that the service life of the tool head is greatly prolonged. Therefore, the vibrator fixedly connected through the threads and the micro-array structure at the front end of the rolling head have a synergistic effect, the abrasion of the rolling head can be effectively reduced while a large-layer deep residual stress strengthening layer is formed on the surface of a workpiece, the surface roughness of the workpiece is reduced, and the service life of the ultrasonic rolling tool is prolonged.

The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:

a self-lubricating type ultrasonic rolling device with a tool head provided with a microarray structure is characterized by comprising an integrated type microarray structure rolling head, an amplitude transformer, a transducer, an ultrasonic generator and other components.

When the workpiece is subjected to ultrasonic vibration rolling, after a signal transmitted by an ultrasonic generator is received by an energy converter, a plurality of pieces of piezoelectric ceramics are superposed to generate ultrasonic frequency vibration; one end of the amplitude transformer is connected with the energy converter by virtue of the stud bolts, the ultrasonic vibration signals in transmission are amplified, and a flange plate is arranged at the ultrasonic vibration node on the amplitude transformer for fixing; the rolling head with the integrated micro-array structure has better rigidity, is fixedly connected with the other end of the amplitude transformer through a bolt at the tail part, efficiently and stably transmits the amplitude and the frequency of the front end of the amplitude transformer, and carries out ultrasonic rolling strengthening processing on a workpiece.

Further, the integral micro-array structure is preferably a micro-pit array prefabricated by laser, and the micro-array structure covers the surface area which takes the foremost end of the rolling head as the center and preferably accounts for more than 30% of the whole rolling head, so that the self-lubricating material is ensured to fully cover the contact area of the rolling head and the workpiece in the machining process. The diameter of the micro-pits is preferably 20-40 μm, the depth is preferably 10-20 μm, and the arrangement pitch is preferably 150-200 μm. And after the processing is finished, grinding and polishing the processing surface of the rolling head to eliminate the edge bulge of the microarray structure generated by processing.

Further, after the rolling head is cleaned by adopting ultrasonic cleaning pretreatment, the self-lubricating material is embedded into the micro-pits, and the surface of the rolling head is subjected to polishing cleaning post-treatment. The rolling head with the microarray structure is subjected to the action of friction force and friction heat in the machining process, so that the self-lubricating material forms a layer of lubricating film on the surface of the rolling head, and the friction coefficient of the machined surface is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the self-lubricating material in the microarray structure is adhered to the surface of the rolling head base material with grinding marks under the influence of friction, further development of abrasion is slowed down, and the service life of the microarray structure rolling head is obviously prolonged.

Advantageous effects

(1) When the ultrasonic rolling processing is carried out, the rolling head with the integrated micro-array structure is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer through the bolt, so that the transmission is efficient and stable, large-amplitude ultrasonic impact can be applied to the workpiece, high residual compressive stress and high microhardness are generated on the surface of the workpiece, high residual compressive stress depth and high microhardness depth are generated in the workpiece, and the fatigue resistance of the workpiece is obviously improved.

(2) According to the integrated micro-array structure rolling head, the self-lubricating material is embedded in the micro pits at the front end of the rolling head, so that the lubrication state of a workpiece and the rolling head in ultrasonic rolling processing is improved, the abrasion of the rolling head in the processing process is reduced, meanwhile, the self-lubricating material in the micro-array structure is adhered to the surface of a base material of the rolling head with grinding marks under the influence of friction, the further development of the abrasion is slowed down, the service life of a tool head is greatly prolonged, the processing cost is greatly reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

(3) The front end of the amplitude transformer is provided with the threaded groove, and meanwhile, the amplitude transformer is matched with the rolling heads with the integrated micro-array structures of various models, which have different sizes and materials, so that the rolling heads with the integrated micro-array structures of different models can be selected according to different processing objects and processing requirements, the amplitude transformer is economical and practical, the maintenance of the whole machine is convenient, and when the rolling heads are damaged, the rolling heads can be quickly and conveniently maintained and replaced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the assembly of a self-lubricating ultrasonic rolling device with a microarray structure on a tool head;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation and cooperation of an integrated micro-array structure rolling head and a variable amplitude rod;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an integrated micro-texture rolling head of each model; (a)5mm ball pin; (b)5mm roller pin; (c)7mm ball pin.

1-integrated microarray structure rolling head, 2-rolling head support, 3-tool head outer cylinder, 4-locking nut, 5-amplitude transformer, 6-front positioning cylinder, 7-bolt, 8-outer cylinder, 9-connecting handle support seat, 10-front cover plate, 11-piezoelectric ceramic stack, 12-rear cover plate, 13-connecting handle, 14-fan, 15-pre-tightening bolt, 16-aviation socket, 17-ultrasonic power supply

Detailed Description

Before ultrasonic rolling processing, the self-lubricating ultrasonic rolling device with the tool head provided with the microarray structure firstly selects a proper model from a plurality of integral microarray structure rolling heads shown in figure 3 according to the size and the material of a workpiece. After the ultrasonic rolling device is assembled, the ultrasonic rolling device is clamped on a tool rest of a numerical control machine tool through a connecting handle 13. And opening the hydraulic pump, introducing the cooling liquid from an oil inlet at the lower end of the front positioning cylinder 6, gradually filling the cavity formed by the outer cylinder 3 of the tool head and the amplitude transformer 5, flowing out from the front end of the rolling head 1, cooling and lubricating the contact surfaces of the rolling head 1, the workpiece and the rolling head support 2, and then leading out the redundant cooling liquid from an oil outlet at the upper end of the front positioning cylinder 6. The feed amount is controlled by a numerical control machine tool rest dividing disc, and an ultrasonic power supply 17 is turned on to output a digital signal. After receiving the signal, the piezoelectric ceramic stack 11 starts to generate ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration with superimposed amplitude, and at the same time, the fan 14 starts to operate, and discharges the heat generated by the ultrasonic vibrator through the ventilation slot opened on the outer cylinder 8. The flange plate of the ultrasonic vibrator is fixed with the outer cylinder 8 through the front positioning cylinder 6, so that the ultrasonic vibration is transmitted along the axial direction after the amplitude is amplified through the amplitude transformer 5, and finally the ultrasonic frequency impact strengthening is carried out on the workpiece through the fixedly connected microarray structure rolling head, so that the surface of the workpiece generates plastic deformation, the surface roughness is reduced, the residual compressive stress with larger layer depth is introduced, the fatigue resistance and the corrosion resistance of the workpiece are improved, meanwhile, the friction force and the friction heat affect, the self-lubricating material in the micro pits on the surface of the rolling head forms a lubricating film on the surface of the rolling head, the friction coefficient between the rolling head and the workpiece is obviously reduced, and the subsequent ultrasonic rolling processing process is carried out in a low-friction state. When the rolling head is worn at a certain stage in the processing, the self-lubricating material is bonded at the grinding mark generated on the rolling head under the influence of friction force, so that the rolling head is prevented from further wearing.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.