阅读说明：本技术 一种耐高温环保型吸管材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material ) 是由 林义雄 于 2019-12-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及新材料加工技术领域,公开了一种耐高温环保型吸管材料的制备方法,通过对聚乳酸高分子材料的研究,以聚乳酸为基体,添加制备得到的增效微粒与处理得到的改性植物纤维共混,得到制备吸管的复合高性能材料,降低了聚乳酸的占比,降低了成本,保证了吸管材料的力学性能,解决了现有的聚乳酸材料吸管质地脆,加工困难的问题；本发明能够显著提高食品用吸管材料的耐热性,在高温条件下使用稳定,制备得到的吸管材料具有极好的可生物降解性,降解后的产物能够被自然界重复利用,符合绿色环保要求,解决现有吸管材料不环保,高温使用有安全风险的问题,经济效益和安全效益较显著提高。(The invention relates to the technical field of new material processing, and discloses a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material, which is characterized in that polylactic acid is used as a matrix through the research of a polylactic acid high polymer material, prepared synergistic particles are added and blended with treated modified plant fibers to obtain a composite high-performance material for preparing a straw, the proportion of the polylactic acid is reduced, the cost is reduced, the mechanical property of the straw material is ensured, and the problems of crisp texture and difficult processing of the traditional polylactic acid straw are solved; the invention can obviously improve the heat resistance of the straw material for food, is stable to use at high temperature, has excellent biodegradability, can repeatedly utilize degraded products in the nature, meets the requirement of environmental protection, solves the problems that the prior straw material is not environment-friendly and has safety risk in high-temperature use, and obviously improves the economic benefit and the safety benefit.)

1. A preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing 55-60 g wollastonite powder, placing the wollastonite powder in a beaker, adding 140 ml of 135-140 ml sodium hydroxide solution in the beaker, fully soaking the wollastonite powder in the beaker for 2-3 hours at 44-46 ℃, dropwise adding 16-18 ml hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 10-14% while stirring, stirring and mixing the mixture for 30-40 minutes, adding 75-80 ml polyethylene glycol aqueous solution, placing the mixture in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 190-200 ℃, reacting the mixture for 20-24 hours, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature along with a furnace, pouring out clarified liquid, washing the rest product for 6-8 times by using deionized water, then washing the product for 3-4 times by using absolute ethyl alcohol, drying the product in a vacuum drying box at 80-90 ℃ for 6-7 hours, placing the product in a mortar, adding 27-30 g calcium oxide with the particle size of 50-60 microns, mixing and grinding for 20-30 minutes, placing the mixture into a sintering furnace, raising the temperature to 600-620 ℃ at the speed of 7-8 ℃/minute under the protection of nitrogen, carrying out heat preservation and calcination for 2-3 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain synergistic particles;

(2) adding 1.5-1.6 liters of deionized water into 330 g of plant fiber with the length of 40-60 microns of 300-plus material, soaking and washing at 45-50 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, then placing the plant fiber into 900-plus material 950 ml of sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-0.8 percent, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 500 revolutions per minute of 400-plus material for 10-15 minutes, then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5-10 minutes, filtering, and drying the obtained filter in a drying box at 80-85 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain the modified plant fiber obtained by treatment;

(3) placing the polylactic acid particles in a drying box for drying for 4-5 hours, wherein the drying temperature is 70-80 ℃, drying, adding the particles into an open mill, adding the prepared synergistic particles and the treated modified plant fibers into the open mill, wherein the addition amounts of the particles and the treated modified plant fibers respectively account for 0.14-0.16% and 31-32% of the mass of the polylactic acid, setting the preheating temperature of the open mill to be 185-fold and 190 ℃ and the preheating time to be 40-50 minutes, heating to 210-fold and 220 ℃, heating and blending for 10-12 minutes, extruding the blended material through an extruder, and cooling by water to obtain the straw material.

2. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (1) is 2.3-2.6 mol/l.

3. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the polyethylene glycol aqueous solution in the step (1) is 4.6-5.0%.

4. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nitrogen flow rate in the step (1) is 32-36 ml/min.

5. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the synergistic particles in step (1) is between 45 nm and 65 nm.

6. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant fiber in the step (2) is one or more of ramie fiber, coconut fiber and bamboo fiber.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new material processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material.

Background

The invention of the straw is convenient for people to live in daily life. The small straw is also required to be practical and to be harmless to health. The 'Sanwu' straw is possibly made of recycled waste plastics, and once the straw is contacted with high temperature, toxic substances are generated, so that the health of a human body is harmed. The quality of the "Sanwu" plastic drinking straw is certainly problematic, since inferior or recycled plastic is used, and pigments may be used to hide impurities. Once it is used to drink fruit juice or hot drinks, harmful substances are dissolved, thereby causing harm to human body.

The existing straw material is mostly made of various plastics and additives, is not easy to degrade, has poor high temperature resistance, can generate adverse reaction when contacting high-temperature liquid, and can send harmful substances into the human body along with the liquid, thereby causing harm to the human health. Therefore, a new straw material is needed, which has the advantages of high performance strength, safety in use, no pollution, high temperature resistance and the like, and is of great significance for exerting the advantages of the straw.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material, which can obviously improve the heat resistance of the straw material for food, is stable to use under a high-temperature condition and has excellent biodegradability.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a high temperature resistant environment-friendly straw material has the preferred scheme that polylactic acid is used as a matrix, and prepared synergistic particles and processed modified plant fibers are added and blended to obtain a composite high-performance material for preparing a straw;

specifically, the preparation method of the straw material comprises the following steps:

preparing synergistic particles: weighing 55-60 g wollastonite powder, placing the wollastonite powder in a beaker, adding 140 ml sodium hydroxide solution with the molar concentration of 2.3-2.6 mol/L of 135-140 ml sodium hydroxide solution, fully soaking the wollastonite powder in the beaker for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 44-46 ℃, dropwise adding 16-18 ml hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 10-14% while stirring, stirring and mixing the mixture for 30-40 minutes, adding 75-80 ml polyethylene glycol aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 4.6-5.0%, placing the mixture in a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 200 ℃, reacting for 20-24 hours, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature along with the furnace, pouring out supernatant liquid, washing the residual product by deionized water for 6-8 times, then washing by absolute ethyl alcohol for 3-4 times, drying in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ for 6-7 hours, placing the product in a mortar, adding 27-30 g of calcium oxide with the particle size of 50-60 microns, mixing and grinding for 20-30 minutes, putting the mixture into a sintering furnace, heating to 600-620 ℃ at the flow rate of 32-36 ml/minute under the protection of nitrogen, carrying out heat preservation and calcination for 2-3 hours at the speed of 7-8 ℃/minute, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the synergistic particles; the particle size of the synergistic particle is 45-65 nanometers, the heat resistance of the polylactic acid matrix material can be obviously improved, the softening temperature of the polylactic acid matrix material is improved, the polylactic acid matrix material can resist the high temperature of more than 160 ℃, and the problems of crisp texture and difficult processing of the conventional polylactic acid material straw are solved.

Modification of plant fibers: adding 1.5-1.6 liters of deionized water into 330 g of plant fiber with the length of 40-60 microns of 300-minus one, soaking and washing at 45-50 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, then placing the plant fiber into 900-minus one-milliliter sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass concentration of 0.6-0.8 percent, stirring and dispersing at the speed of 500 revolutions per minute of 400-minus one-minute for 10-15 minutes, then performing ultrasonic dispersion for 5-10 minutes, filtering, and drying the obtained filter in a drying box at 80-85 ℃ for 5-7 hours to obtain the modified plant fiber obtained by treatment.

The modified plant fiber has improved strength and flexibility, is uniformly dispersed in polylactic acid to form a good network structure, is more tightly combined with the polylactic acid, reduces the consumption of the polylactic acid, reduces the cost, ensures the mechanical property of the straw material, and particularly improves the breaking strength.

The plant fiber is one or more of ramie fiber, coconut fiber and bamboo fiber.

Preparing materials: placing the polylactic acid particles in a drying oven for drying for 4-5 hours at the drying temperature of 70-80 ℃, drying, adding the polylactic acid particles into an open mill, adding the prepared synergistic particles and the treated modified plant fibers into the open mill, wherein the addition amounts of the polylactic acid particles and the modified plant fibers respectively account for 0.14-0.16% and 31-32% of the mass of the polylactic acid.

Melt blending: setting the preheating temperature of the open mill at 190 ℃ for 40-50 minutes, heating to 220 ℃ for heating and blending for 10-12 minutes, extruding the blended material by an extruder, and cooling by water to obtain the straw material, namely further processing the straw.

The straw material can be recycled and reused, is storage-resistant, light in weight, good in heat resistance, environment-friendly, safe and convenient.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: in order to solve the problem of insufficient heat resistance of the existing straw material, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant environment-friendly straw material, which is characterized in that polylactic acid is taken as a matrix through research on a polylactic acid high polymer material, prepared synergistic particles are added and blended with treated modified plant fibers to obtain a composite high-performance material for preparing a straw, the proportion of the polylactic acid is reduced, the cost is reduced, the mechanical property of the straw material is ensured, and the problems of brittle texture and difficult processing of the existing polylactic acid material straw are solved; the invention can obviously improve the heat resistance of the straw material for food, is stable to use under high temperature conditions, has excellent biodegradability, can repeatedly utilize degraded products in the nature, meets the requirement of environmental protection, solves the problems that the prior straw material is not environment-friendly and has safety risk in high temperature use, has higher toughness and strength, high safety performance, convenient carrying and safe and convenient use compared with the prior degradable material, is not limited by conventional high temperature food, expands the application occasions, and obviously improves the economic benefit and the safety benefit. The straw material effectively solves the problems existing in the using process of the existing straw, has the characteristics of low cost, low energy consumption and high performance, greatly improves the high temperature resistance of the straw material for food, is beneficial to the balanced improvement of the performance of each aspect of the straw, can realize the realistic significance of promoting the development of circular economy and improving the market competitiveness, has higher value for the performance research and application of green and environment-friendly materials, obviously promotes the rapid development and the sustainable development of resources in the food packaging processing field, and is a technical scheme which is extremely worthy of popularization and use.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the technical solutions provided by the present invention.