阅读说明：本技术 一种用于检测木材内部缺陷的测量装置及其处理方法 (Measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood and processing method thereof ) 是由 王曙新 于 2019-11-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于检测木材内部缺陷的测量装置及其处理方法,包括电极传感器、数据采集处理平台；所述电极传感器为16个,16个电极传感器等距离围绕着被测木材设置；所述数据采集处理平台包括PXI控制器、数据采集板卡、多路复用器矩阵开关板卡、激励电源；16个所述电极传感器分别与多路复用器矩阵开关板卡的r0~r15端子连接；所述多路复用器矩阵开关板卡分别与数据采集板卡、激励电源连接；所述多路复用器矩阵开关板卡、数据采集板卡、激励电源分别通过PXI总线连接到PXI控制器。本发明所述的用于检测木材内部缺陷的测量装置及其处理方法,结构简单,处理方法便捷、快速,测量结果精确,有效地提高了木材的利用率,节约森林资源,应用前景广泛。(A measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood and a processing method thereof comprise an electrode sensor and a data acquisition and processing platform; 16 electrode sensors are arranged around the wood to be measured at equal intervals; the data acquisition and processing platform comprises a PXI controller, a data acquisition board card, a multiplexer matrix switch board card and an excitation power supply; the 16 electrode sensors are respectively connected with r 0-r 15 terminals of a multiplexer matrix switch board card; the multiplexer matrix switch board card is respectively connected with the data acquisition board card and the excitation power supply; the multiplexer matrix switch board card, the data acquisition board card and the excitation power supply are respectively connected to the PXI controller through the PXI bus. The measuring device and the processing method for detecting the internal defects of the wood have the advantages of simple structure, convenient and fast processing method, accurate measuring result, effectively improved wood utilization rate, forest resource saving and wide application prospect.)

1. A measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood is characterized by comprising an electrode sensor (1) and a data acquisition and processing platform (2); 16 electrode sensors (1) are arranged, and the 16 electrode sensors (1) are arranged around the wood to be measured at equal intervals; the data acquisition and processing platform (2) comprises a PXI controller (21), a data acquisition board card (22), a multiplexer matrix switch board card (23) and an excitation power supply (24); the 16 electrode sensors (1) are respectively connected with r 0-r 15 terminals of a multiplexer matrix switch board card (23); the multiplexer matrix switch board card (23) is respectively connected with the data acquisition board card (22) and the excitation power supply (24); the multiplexer matrix switch board card (23), the data acquisition board card (22) and the excitation power supply (24) are respectively connected to the PXI controller (21) through a PXI bus (211).

2. The processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the processing method comprises data acquisition, reconstruction of the internal defect image of the wood, image processing and display in sequence; the data acquisition comprises the following steps:

(1) after being respectively connected with r0, r1, … … and r15 terminals of a multiplexer matrix switch board card, 16 electrode sensors (1) are connected to a PXI controller (21) through a PXI bus (211);

(2) on the premise that the excitation power supply (24) is connected with the r0 and r1 terminals of the multiplexer matrix switch board card (23), the PXI controller (21) drives the excitation power supply (24) to excite; the data acquisition board card (22) sequentially acquires voltages on adjacent electrodes of r2 and r3, r3 and r4, …, r14 and r15 of the multiplexer matrix switch board card (23);

(3) after the data acquisition board card (22) acquires the voltages on the adjacent electrodes except the r0 and r1 excitation electrodes, the next group of adjacent electrodes r2 and r3 are sequentially switched to be used as the excitation electrodes, excitation is applied, the voltages on the other adjacent electrodes except the excitation electrodes are acquired, and the acquisition is completed until all the adjacent electrodes are used as the excitation electrodes.

3. A process of a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood according to claim 3, characterized in that said excitation power source (24) applies an alternating, sinusoidal excitation signal of 10kHz, 0.5 mA.

4. The process of the measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood according to claim 3, characterized in that said 16 electrode sensors (1) can acquire 208 voltage data.

5. The processing method of a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood according to claim 3, characterized in that the reconstruction of the image of internal defects of wood comprises the following steps:

(1) all independently measured wood internal voltage data acquired by the data acquisition board card (22) are transmitted to the PXI controller (21) through the PXI bus (211);

(2) and the PXI controller (21) carries out PSO-Landweber iterative algorithm to reconstruct a two-dimensional wood fault defect map.

6. The processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood according to the claim 5, characterized in that the image processing and displaying sequentially comprises preprocessing, image processing, image expansion and filling, and displaying; the pretreatment comprises the following steps: and (3) forming a sequence diagram by the two-dimensional fault defect diagram reconstructed by the PSO-Landweber iterative algorithm, reading each fault image into a PXI controller (21), and preprocessing the two-dimensional wood fault defect image.

7. The processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood according to claim 6, wherein the image processing comprises image gray scale conversion, image enhancement, image filtering, image segmentation, image expansion and filling of the preprocessed two-dimensional wood fault defect image.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of defect measurement, and particularly relates to a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood and a processing method thereof.

Background

Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the demand of various resources is increased dramatically, the consumption of wood and wood products in China is huge, and the reasonable use of forest resources is the key of sustainable development. The structure of forest resources in China is special, the total quantity of the forest resources occupies the front of the world, but as a large population, the proportion of people in the forest resources in China is far lower than the average level of the world. The forest is a precious renewable resource and is characterized in that the regeneration period is long and the forest is difficult to recover in a large amount in a short time. Due to the limitation of the technical level, the use efficiency of a plurality of forest resources is not high, and the wood resources are used efficiently while the forest resources are reasonably used, which is always one of the problems that the research neighborhood scientific researchers in the forestry research of China urgently need to solve.

In the traditional method, physical and mechanical properties of the wood are generally detected by using a detection instrument, and the detection of wood defects is generally performed by using a manual method. This method has the following disadvantages: the method has the advantages of strict external environment conditions, overlong detection period, lower stability and poorer accuracy, and some methods can cause serious damage to the wood. The traditional detection mode cannot meet the requirements of nondestructive, rapid and continuous detection. Therefore, there is a need to develop a measuring device and a processing method thereof for detecting internal defects of wood, which can detect the defects of wood by a non-destructive method, give accurate evaluation of the internal conditions of wood, and further improve the utilization rate of wood.

The Chinese patent application No. CN201510397975.7 discloses a three-dimensional imaging method for internal defects of wood based on Top-k reverse distance weighting, which is to rapidly know the internal decay situation of wood by three-dimensionally imaging the internal defects of wood, and does not design improvement on a measuring device, and meanwhile, the efficiency and the accuracy of the method need to be further improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a measuring device and a processing method thereof for detecting the internal defects of the wood, the measuring device has a simple structure, the processing method is convenient and quick, the problems of time consumption, damage of wood samples and detection errors caused by traditional detection of the internal defects of the wood are solved, the measuring result is accurate, the utilization rate of the wood is effectively improved, forest resources are saved, and the application prospect is wide.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood is characterized by comprising an electrode sensor and a data acquisition and processing platform; 16 electrode sensors are arranged around the wood to be measured at equal intervals; the data acquisition and processing platform comprises a PXI controller, a data acquisition board card, a multiplexer matrix switch board card and an excitation power supply; the 16 electrode sensors are respectively connected with r 0-r 15 terminals of a multiplexer matrix switch board card; the multiplexer matrix switch board card is respectively connected with the data acquisition board card and the excitation power supply; the multiplexer matrix switch board card, the data acquisition board card and the excitation power supply are respectively connected to the PXI controller through the PXI bus.

The invention also relates to a processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood, which sequentially comprises data acquisition, reconstruction of the internal defect images of the wood, image processing and display; the data acquisition comprises the following steps:

(1) after being respectively connected with r0, r1, … … and r15 terminals of a multiplexer matrix switch board card, 16 electrode sensors are connected to a PXI controller through a PXI bus;

(2) on the premise that the excitation power supply is connected with the r0 and r1 terminals of the multiplexer matrix switch board card, the PXI controller drives the excitation power supply to excite; the data acquisition board card sequentially acquires voltages on adjacent electrodes r2 and r3, r3 and r4, …, r14 and r15 of the multiplexer matrix switch board card;

(3) after the data acquisition board card acquires the voltages on the adjacent electrodes except the r0 and r1 excitation electrodes, the next group of adjacent electrodes r2 and r3 are sequentially switched to be used as the excitation electrodes, excitation is applied, the voltages on the other adjacent electrodes except the excitation electrodes are acquired, and the acquisition is completed until all the adjacent electrodes are used as the excitation electrodes.

Further, in the processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood, the excitation power supply applies an alternating sine wave excitation signal of 10kHz and 0.5 mA.

Further, in the processing method of the measuring device for detecting the internal defects of the wood, 208 voltage data can be acquired by the 16 electrode sensors.

Further, the processing method of the measuring apparatus for detecting internal defects of wood described above, wherein the reconstruction of the internal defect image of wood, comprises the following steps:

(1) all independently measured wood internal voltage data acquired by the data acquisition board card are transmitted to a PXI controller through a PXI bus;

(2) and the PXI controller carries out PSO-Landweber iterative algorithm to reconstruct a two-dimensional wood fault defect map.

Further, in the processing method of the measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood, the image processing and displaying sequentially include preprocessing, image processing, image expansion and filling, and displaying; the pretreatment comprises the following steps: and (3) forming a sequence diagram by the two-dimensional fault defect diagram reconstructed by the PSO-Landweber iterative algorithm, reading each fault image into a PXI controller, and preprocessing the two-dimensional wood fault defect image.

The preprocessing is to eliminate the noise of the fault defect image, enhance the edge, divide the image and the like, so that the quality of the processed fault defect image is more favorable for the subsequent interlayer interpolation, the reconstruction speed of the three-dimensional image of the stumpage hole defect is higher, the accuracy of the interlayer interpolation and the image division can be well improved, and the specific position condition of the stumpage hole defect can be correctly reflected.

Further, in the processing method of the measuring apparatus for detecting internal defects of wood, the image processing includes performing image grayscale conversion, image enhancement, image filtering, image segmentation, image expansion and filling on the preprocessed two-dimensional wood fault defect image.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the measuring device has simple structure and low cost; the method is convenient and rapid, adopts the resistance tomography technology, accurately measures the growth condition in the wood, solves the problems of time consumption, wood sample damage and detection error caused by the traditional detection of the internal defects of the wood, has accurate measurement result, effectively improves the utilization rate of the wood, saves forest resources and has wide application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood according to the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises an electrode sensor 1, a data acquisition processing platform 2, a PXI controller 21, a PXI bus 211, a data acquisition board 22, a multiplexer matrix switch board 23, an excitation power supply 24 and a wood.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments and fig. 1, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the following embodiments provide a measuring device for detecting internal defects of wood, which includes an electrode sensor 1, a data acquisition and processing platform 2; 16 electrode sensors 1 are arranged, and the 16 electrode sensors 1 are arranged around the wood to be measured at equal intervals; the data acquisition and processing platform 2 comprises a PXI controller 21, a data acquisition board card 22, a multiplexer matrix switch board card 23 and an excitation power supply 24; the 16 electrode sensors 1 are respectively connected with r 0-r 15 terminals of the multiplexer matrix switch board card 23; the multiplexer matrix switch board 23 is respectively connected with the data acquisition board 22 and the excitation power supply 24; the multiplexer matrix switch board card 23, the data acquisition board card 22 and the excitation power supply 24 are respectively connected to the PXI controller 21 through a PXI bus 211.