阅读说明：本技术 一种股骨近端异形块 (Thighbone near-end dysmorphism piece ) 是由 张庆杰 吴欣然 于 2019-12-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例涉及一种股骨近端异形块,股骨近端异形块为板状结构,股骨近端异形块具体包括：第一固定部和第二固定部：第一固定部内表面为弧形表面,与股骨上端的曲面相适配,与顶端相固定；第一固定部包括；两个相邻的顶部锁定螺孔,位于第一固定部上部；中部锁定螺孔,位于第一固定部上部的中部；两个相邻的底部锁定螺孔,位于两个顶部锁定螺孔下；第二固定部包括：固定螺孔和连接杆连接螺孔。(The embodiment of the invention relates to a femur near-end special-shaped block which is of a plate-shaped structure and specifically comprises: first and second fixing portions: the inner surface of the first fixing part is an arc surface, is matched with the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and is fixed with the top end; the first fixing part includes; two adjacent top locking screw holes are positioned at the upper part of the first fixing part; the middle locking screw hole is positioned in the middle of the upper part of the first fixing part; two adjacent bottom locking screw holes are positioned below the two top locking screw holes; the second fixing portion includes: the fixing screw hole and the connecting rod are connected with the screw hole.)

1. The proximal femur special-shaped block is characterized in that the proximal femur special-shaped block is of a plate-shaped structure, and the proximal femur special-shaped block specifically comprises: first fixed part and second fixed part, first fixed part and second fixed part are connected:

the inner surface of the first fixing part is an arc-shaped surface, is matched with the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and is fixed with the top end; the first fixing part comprises;

the two adjacent top locking screw holes are positioned at the upper part of the first fixing part, when a first locking screw penetrates through the top locking screw holes, a first upper screwing part of the first locking screw is in screwed connection with the top locking screw holes, and the inclination angle of the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a first horizontal inclination angle;

the middle locking screw hole is positioned in the middle of the upper part of the first fixing part, after a second locking screw penetrates through the middle locking screw hole, a second upper screwing part of the second locking screw is in screwed connection with the middle locking screw hole, and the inclination angle of the plane where the second locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a second horizontal inclination angle; the second horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle;

two adjacent bottom locking screw holes are positioned below the two top locking screw holes, when a third locking screw penetrates through the bottom locking screw holes, a third upper screwing part of the third locking screw is in screwed connection with the bottom locking screw holes, and the inclination angle of the plane direction where the third locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle;

the second fixing portion includes:

the fixing screw hole is positioned on the surface of the second fixing part;

the connecting rod is connected with the screw hole and is positioned on the side surface of the second fixing part; the connecting rod inserts in the connecting rod connecting screw hole, wear to establish when fourth locking screw behind the fixed screw, the screwed part on the fourth of fourth locking screw with the fixed screw carries out the spiro union, thereby the extrusion the screw is connected to the connecting rod, will the connecting rod with the second fixed part concreties.

2. The proximal femoral profile block of claim 1, wherein said first fixation portion further comprises one or more positioning holes for temporary fixation of said proximal femoral profile block during surgery or for threading sutures or cables.

3. The proximal femoral profile block of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third locking screws have the same inclination angle normal to the plane of the second fixation portion, the inclination angle being in the range of 8-12 °.

4. The proximal femoral profile block of claim 1, wherein the first horizontal angle of inclination is in the range of 118-123 °, the second horizontal angle of inclination is 125 °, and the third horizontal angle of inclination is in the range of 123-128 °.

5. The proximal femoral profile block of claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of the bottom edge of the horizontal section between the apical locking screw hole and the medial locking screw hole is R1, and the value of R1 is in the range of 35-40 mm;

the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing part, which is located at the top locking screw hole, is R2, and the value range of R2 is 22-27 mm.

6. The proximal femoral shaped block of claim 1, wherein the connecting rod connection screw hole comprises in particular: the first connecting rod connecting screw hole and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole;

the diameter of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole is equal to or different from that of the second connecting rod connecting screw hole.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a special-shaped block for the proximal femur.

Background

Femoral fractures are a common fracture in clinic, and are difficult to reduce and fix, so the ratio of injuries and disabilities is high. At present, a great number of treatment methods and fixing devices are provided for femoral fractures, surgical treatment is the preferred treatment method, and a bone fracture plate or a steel plate and a locking screw are generally adopted to fix a fracture part in an operation.

Although the use of bone plates or plates and locking screws reduces the proportion of disability to some extent, the following disadvantages remain. First, current femoral fracture implants fixed steel sheet is single relatively, can not adjust the length of implanting the steel sheet, implants the length overlength, directly influences the area of wound, can not fix well simultaneously, and the second, the reduction of fracture position is difficult with fixed, and the locking screw that the steel sheet was implanted in current femoral fracture is parallel arrangement, twists into and is become flexible easily behind the fracture position, seriously influences treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a femur near-end special-shaped block which is integrally formed, designed and convenient to operate, has a space structure that cross locking is realized by fixing screw holes in different directions, and is firmer in fixation, better in attachment performance and wide in wrapping range.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a proximal femur special-shaped block, which has a plate-shaped structure, and specifically includes: first fixed part and second fixed part, first fixed part and second fixed part are connected:

the inner surface of the first fixing part is an arc-shaped surface, is matched with the curved surface of the upper end of the femur and is fixed with the top end; the first fixing part comprises;

the two adjacent top locking screw holes are positioned at the upper part of the first fixing part, when a first locking screw penetrates through the top locking screw holes, a first upper screwing part of the first locking screw is in screwed connection with the top locking screw holes, and the inclination angle of the plane where the first locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a first horizontal inclination angle;

the middle locking screw hole is positioned in the middle of the upper part of the fixing part, after a second locking screw penetrates through the middle locking screw hole, a second upper screwing part of the second locking screw is in screwed connection with the middle locking screw hole, and the inclination angle of the plane where the second locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a second horizontal inclination angle; the second horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle;

two adjacent bottom locking screw holes are positioned below the two top locking screw holes, when a third locking screw penetrates through the bottom locking screw holes, a third upper screwing part of the third locking screw is in screwed connection with the bottom locking screw holes, and the inclination angle of the plane direction where the third locking screw and the second fixing part are positioned is a third horizontal inclination angle; the third horizontal inclination angle is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle;

the second fixing portion includes:

the fixing screw hole is positioned on the surface of the second fixing part;

the connecting rod is connected with the screw hole and is positioned on the side surface of the second fixing part; the connecting rod inserts in the connecting rod connecting screw hole, wear to establish when fourth locking screw behind the fixed screw, the screwed part on the fourth of fourth locking screw with the fixed screw carries out the spiro union, thereby the extrusion the screw is connected to the connecting rod, will the connecting rod with the second fixed part concreties.

Preferably, the first fixing part further has more than one positioning hole for temporarily fixing the femur proximal end profile block in operation or threading a suture or a cable.

Preferably, the first locking screw, the second locking screw and the third locking screw have the same inclination angle with the normal direction of the plane where the second fixing part is located, and the inclination angle range is 8-12 °.

Preferably, the first horizontal inclination angle ranges from 118 degrees to 123 degrees, the second horizontal inclination angle ranges from 125 degrees, and the third horizontal inclination angle ranges from 123 degrees to 128 degrees.

Preferably, the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal tangent plane between the top locking screw hole and the middle locking screw hole of the first fixing part is R1, and the value range of R1 is 35-40 mm;

the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the first fixing part, which is located at the top locking screw hole, is R2, and the value range of R2 is 22-27 mm.

Preferably, the connecting rod connecting screw hole specifically includes: the first connecting rod connecting screw hole and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole;

the diameter of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole is equal to or different from that of the second connecting rod connecting screw hole.

The femur near-end special-shaped block provided by the embodiment of the invention is integrally formed, the arc surface attachment performance is better, the fixed screw holes in the same direction realize a cross-locking spatial structure, and the stress is more uniform, so that the femur is prevented from being intensively pressed, the blood circulation is ensured, and the comfort of a patient is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of portion A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of portion B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of section C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a side view of a proximal femoral shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The embodiment of the invention provides a special-shaped block at the proximal end of a femur, which is applied to fixing a fracture part in a femur fracture operation.

Fig. 1 is a top view of a proximal femur special-shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a side sectional view of the proximal femur special-shaped block provided by an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the drawings, the proximal femur special-shaped block according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plate-shaped structure, and specifically includes: a first fixing portion 91 and a second fixing portion 92.

The first fixing portion 91 and the second fixing portion 92 are connected and integrally formed.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a plane where the second fixing portion 92 is located is set as a first plane, and a plane parallel to a horizontal direction normal to the first plane is set as a second plane.

The outer surface of the first fixing part 91 is an arc-shaped curved surface with a certain radian, a plurality of screw holes and round holes are sequentially arranged on the arc-shaped curved surface from the top to the bottom, the inner surface of the first fixing part 91 is an arc-shaped surface and is matched with the curved surface at the upper end of the femur, and the first fixing part 91 is fixed at the top end of the femur through a locking screw; specifically, a top locking screw hole 910, a middle locking screw hole 911, a bottom locking screw hole 912 and a positioning hole 913 are sequentially arranged from the front end to the tail end of the top of the first fixing portion 91.

A top locking screw hole 910, which is specifically composed of two adjacent screw holes, is located at the upper part of the first fixing part 91, the top locking screw hole 910 is specifically composed of an upper edge part and a lower edge part, the surface of the upper edge part is a smooth curved surface, the surface of the lower edge part is provided with fastening threads, and the top locking screw hole 910 is used for attaching the inner surface of the first fixing part 91 to the bone surface of the top end of the femur and fixing the inner surface of the first fixing part on the surface of the top locking screw hole by;

fig. 7 is a side view of a proximal femur special-shaped block according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6 and 7, in a specific embodiment, after two first locking screws are inserted into the top locking screw hole 910, a first upper screw portion of the first locking screw is screwed with a lower edge portion of the top locking screw hole 910, and as the first upper screw portion is screwed and tightened with the fastening screw, a screw cap portion of the first locking screw stays in an upper edge portion of the top locking screw hole 910, a screw portion and a screw head portion of the first locking screw are respectively inserted into the top locking screw hole 910, and during implantation, a first plane in which the first locking screw and the second fixing portion 92 are located forms an inclination angle of α, the first horizontal inclination angle α ranges from 118 ° to 123 °, and the first locking screw and the second plane form an inclination angle of α 'and the first vertical inclination angle α' ranges from 8 ° to 12 °.

A middle locking screw hole 911, which is specifically composed of a screw hole, is located in the middle of the upper portion of the first fixing portion 91, and similarly, the inside of the middle locking screw hole 911 has an upper edge portion and a lower edge portion as well as the inside of the top locking screw hole 910, and the middle locking screw hole 911 is used for attaching and fixing the inner surface of the first fixing portion 91 to the femoral neck of the femur by a locking screw;

fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a line a-a of fig. 1, and referring to fig. 2 and 7, in a specific embodiment, after a second locking screw is inserted into the middle locking screw hole 911, a second upper screw part of the second locking screw is screwed with a lower edge part of the middle locking screw hole 911, and as the second upper screw part is screwed and gripped with the fastening screw, a cap part of the second locking screw is retained in an upper edge part of the middle locking screw hole 911, a screw part and a head part of the second locking screw are respectively inserted into the bone after passing through the middle locking screw hole 911, and during the insertion, the second locking screw and a first plane in which the second fixing part 92 is located form an inclination angle of a second horizontal inclination angle β, the second horizontal inclination angle β is 125 °, the second horizontal inclination angle β is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle α, and the second locking screw and a second plane form an inclination angle of a second vertical inclination angle β ', β ' is in the same range as the first vertical inclination angle α '.

A bottom locking screw hole 912, specifically composed of two adjacent screw holes, located below the two top locking screw holes 910, similarly, the inside of the bottom locking screw hole 912 has an upper edge portion and a lower edge portion as well as the inside of the top locking screw hole 910, and the bottom locking screw hole 912 is used for fitting and fixing the inner surface of the first fixing portion 91 to the diaphysis portion of the femur by a locking screw;

in one embodiment, after the third locking screw is inserted into the bottom locking screw hole 912, the third upper screw portion of the third locking screw is screwed with the lower edge portion of the bottom locking screw hole 912, and as the third upper screw portion is screwed with the fastening screw and bites, the screw cap portion of the third locking screw stays in the upper edge portion of the bottom locking screw hole 912, the screw portion and the screw head portion of the third locking screw are inserted into the bone through the bottom locking screw hole 912, respectively, and during the insertion, the third locking screw and the second fixing portion 92 form an inclination angle with respect to the first plane, the inclination angle is a third horizontal inclination angle γ, the third horizontal inclination angle γ ranges from 123 to 128 °, the third horizontal inclination angle γ is greater than the first horizontal inclination angle α, and the third horizontal inclination angle γ is greater than the second horizontal inclination angle β, and the third locking screw and the second plane form an inclination angle γ ', which is the same as the first vertical inclination angle α'.

The positioning hole 913 is a circular hole, and is specifically disposed between the top locking screw hole 910 and the middle locking screw hole 911, on the other side opposite to the middle locking screw hole 911, and on the other side opposite to the bottom locking screw hole 912, wherein the aperture of the positioning hole 913 is smaller than that of the locking screw hole, and the positioning hole 913 is used for temporarily fixing the femur near-end irregular block in the operation or threading a suture or a cable.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the curvature radius of the arc-shaped surface of the inner surface of the first fixing portion 91 extending from the top to the middle portion is gradually increased, and the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal tangent plane between the top locking screw hole 910 and the middle locking screw hole 911 is R1, which is in the range of 35-40 mm; the curvature radius of the bottom edge of the horizontal section of the top locking screw hole 910 is R2 and ranges from 22 mm to 27 mm.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a portion B-B in fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, an outer surface of the second fixing portion 92 is configured as an arc-shaped curved surface having a certain radian, two fixing screw holes 920 are disposed in the arc-shaped curved surface and are disposed at a certain distance along a long axis direction of the second fixing portion 92, an interior of the fixing screw hole 920 is specifically configured by an upper edge 9201 and a lower edge 9202, a surface of the upper edge 9201 is a smooth curved surface and is matched with an upper screw-connection portion of a locking screw, a surface of the lower edge 9202 is provided with a fastening screw, and an aperture of the fixing screw hole 920; the inner surface of the second fixing part 92 is also provided with an arc-shaped curved surface with a certain radian on the side which is jointed with the femoral shaft, and the radian of the arc-shaped curved surface of the inner surface of the second fixing part 92 can be adapted according to different patients and different fracture parts, so that the femur near-end special-shaped block is more jointed with the surface of the femur; the side surfaces of the second fixing portion 92 are respectively provided with a first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and a second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922, the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the fixing screw hole 920, and the second fixing portion 92 firmly fixes the connecting rod 2 inside the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 through the locking screw 1; the intersection of the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 and the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 with the fixing screw hole 920 is provided with a cross hole 922, and the cross hole 922 is mainly used for extruding the connecting rod 2 through a locking screw, so that the connecting rod 2 is fixed in the second fixing part 92;

a first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 located at the left side of the side surface of the second fixing portion 92, the first connecting rod connecting screw hole 921 having a first hole diameter D1;

a second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 located at the right side of the side surface of the second fixing portion 92, the second connecting rod connecting screw hole 922 having a second aperture D2;

wherein the first and second apertures D1 and D2 are equal or different, and the different apertures of the first and second connecting rod connecting screw holes 921 and 922 are specifically designed to better conform to the shape and characteristics of the asian bones.

In a specific embodiment, the connecting rod 2 is inserted into the connecting rod connection screw hole 921, when the fourth locking screw is inserted into the fixing screw hole 920, the fourth upper screw-connecting portion of the fourth locking screw is screwed with the lower edge 9202 of the fixing screw hole 920, and as the fourth upper screw-connecting portion is screwed and screwed with the fastening screw, the screw cap portion of the fourth locking screw stays in the upper edge 9201 of the fixing screw hole 920, and the connecting rod connection screw hole 921 is pressed to fixedly connect the connecting rod 2 with the second fixing portion 92, and the screw portion and the screw head portion of the fourth locking screw are respectively inserted into the bone after passing through the fixing screw hole 920.

The above description has been made on the components of the proximal femur special-shaped block and the connection relationship between them provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the following detailed description is made on the usage of the proximal femur special-shaped block with reference to fig. 1, 3 and 6:

when a doctor uses the proximal femur special-shaped block to fix a fracture part in a femur fracture operation, the locking screw 1 and the connecting rod 2 are required to be matched for use. The process used in conjunction is described in detail below.

In a specific femoral fracture operation process, a doctor aligns and fits a first fixing part 91 of a proximal femur special-shaped block with a bone surface at the top end of a femur, and inserts locking screws into two adjacent top locking screw holes 910, middle locking screw holes 911 and two adjacent bottom locking screw holes 912 respectively, after the locking screws are inserted into the locking screw holes, an upper screw part of each locking screw is screwed with a lower edge part of each locking screw hole, as the upper screw part is screwed with a fastening screw thread and is tightly bitten, a screw cap part of each locking screw is stopped in an upper edge part of each locking screw hole, a screw rod part and a screw head part of each locking screw are inserted into a bone after passing through the locking screw holes respectively, finally, the first fixing part 91 of the proximal femur special-shaped block is fixed on the bone surface at the top end of the femur, then inserts two connecting rods 2 into connecting screw holes 321 of the connecting rods respectively, and inserts the locking screws into fixing screw holes, after the locking screw is inserted into the fixing screw hole 920, the upper screwing part of the locking screw is screwed with the lower edge 9202 of the fixing screw hole 920, along with the screwing and the fastening screw thread are screwed and bitten, the screw cap part of the locking screw stays in the upper edge 9201 of the fixing screw hole 920, the connecting rod 2 and the second fixing part 92 are fixedly connected through the cross hole 922 while the connecting rod is extruded to be connected with the screw hole 921, the screw rod part and the screw head part of the locking screw respectively penetrate through the fixing screw hole 920 and then are implanted into the bone, and thus the proximal femur special-shaped block is completely fixed with the proximal femur.

The femur near-end special-shaped block provided by the embodiment of the invention is integrally formed, the arc surface attachment performance is better, the fixed screw holes in the same direction realize a cross-locking spatial structure, and the stress is more uniform, so that the femur is prevented from being intensively pressed, the blood circulation is ensured, and the comfort of a patient is improved.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.