阅读说明：本技术 含中草药和五谷杂粮的广谱性牲畜饲料、制备方法及应用 (Broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals, preparation method and application ) 是由 罗友祥 于 2019-12-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于饲料技术领域,公开了一种含中草药和五谷杂粮的广谱性牲畜饲料、制备方法及应用,其中饲料包括松树针和五谷杂粮,所述杂粮包括玉米粉、麦麸粉、豆柏粉、油枯粉、鱼粉、蛋壳粉和米糠。而制备方法是通过松树针粉的制备、五谷杂粮粉的制备和成品制备得到成品饲料。本发明还公开了含中草药和五谷杂粮的广谱性牲畜饲料用于喂养牲畜的应用。本发明的饲料以中草药和五谷杂粮为原料,不含化学添加剂,成品饲料中不含化学激素成分。本发明的饲料有助于牲畜的生长发育,使得牲畜体格健壮、体型均匀、毛色良好,同时还有助于增强牲畜的体质,有利于预防疾病的发生,对牲畜生殖功能亦有促进作用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and discloses broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the feed comprises pine needles and the coarse cereals, and the coarse cereals comprise corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean-cypress powder, oil cake powder, fish meal, egg shell powder and rice bran. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing pine needle powder, preparing coarse grain powder and preparing finished products to obtain the finished feed. The invention also discloses application of the broad-spectrum livestock feed containing the Chinese herbal medicines and the coarse cereals to feeding livestock. The feed disclosed by the invention takes Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals as raw materials, does not contain a chemical additive, and does not contain chemical hormone components in a finished feed. The feed provided by the invention is beneficial to the growth and development of livestock, enables the livestock to have strong physique, uniform body and good hair color, is also beneficial to enhancing the physique of the livestock, is beneficial to preventing diseases, and also has a promoting effect on the reproductive function of the livestock.)

1. A broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals is characterized in that: the feed comprises Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals, wherein the Chinese herbal medicines are pine needles, and the coarse cereals comprise corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean cypress powder, oil cake powder, fish meal, egg shell powder and rice bran.

2. The broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: comprises 20-24 parts of pine needle, 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-22 parts of wheat bran powder, 5-10 parts of bean-cypress powder, 4-5 parts of oil cake powder, 4-5 parts of fish meal, 4-5 parts of egg shell powder and 4-5 parts of rice bran by weight.

3. The broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: comprises 20-24 parts of pine needles, 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-22 parts of wheat bran powder, 5-10 parts of bean-cypress powder, 4-5 parts of oil cake powder, 4-5 parts of fish meal, 4-5 parts of egg shell powder and 4-5 parts of rice bran according to dry weight parts.

4. A method for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation of pine needle powder: grinding pine needles to obtain pine needle powder;

s2, preparing coarse grain powder: grinding the coarse grains to obtain coarse grain powder;

s3, preparing a finished product: adding the prepared pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain the finished feed.

5. The method of claim 4 for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals, which comprises: the step S1 includes the following steps:

(1.1) obtaining pine needle powder: grinding the pine needle powder to obtain pine needle powder;

(1.2) fermenting pine needle powder: adding the prepared pine needle powder into a container, adding water into the container, stirring, and fermenting to obtain fermented pine needle powder.

6. The method of claim 5 for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals, which comprises: the step S2 includes the following steps:

(2.1) preparation of raw material powder: drying corn, wheat bran, bean cake, oil cake and chaff in the sun, respectively grinding to obtain corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean cake powder, oil cake powder and rice bran powder, cleaning soybean and egg shell, drying in the sun, grinding to obtain egg shell powder; adding salt into fish, drying in the sun, and grinding to obtain fish meal;

(2.2) preparing coarse grain powder: and adding the prepared corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean powder, oil cake powder, fish meal, egg shell powder and rice bran powder into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain the coarse cereal powder.

7. The method for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein: the particle sizes of the pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder are both 70-100 meshes.

8. The method of claim 7 for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals, which comprises: the particle sizes of the pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder are both 80 meshes.

9. The method of claim 5 for preparing a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals, which comprises: the step (1.2) comprises the following steps:

(1.2.1) adding the prepared pine needle powder into a container, adding water into the container, stirring and fermenting; (1.2.2) turning over the pine needle powder in the container when the temperature in the container reaches 60-70 ℃, and continuing fermentation;

(1.2.3) when the temperature in the container reaches 10 ℃, completing the fermentation to obtain the fermented pine needle powder.

10. Use of the broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and miscellaneous cereals of any one of claims 1-3 for feeding livestock.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and particularly relates to broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals, a preparation method and application.

Background

According to the regulation of the regulations on health management, the use of chemical additives is required to be controlled for the management and feeding of livestock so as to avoid harming the health of human beings. Most of the existing feeds in the market contain more chemical additives, some of the feeds even contain more chemical hormones, and although the feeds are eaten by livestock for a long time, the weight gain is obvious, the meat quality is poor, the physique is poor and the body type is uneven.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals, a preparation method and application.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a broad-spectrum livestock feed containing Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals comprises pine needle and coarse cereals including corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean-cypress powder, oil cake powder, fish powder, egg shell powder and rice bran.

Further comprises 20-24 parts of pine needles, 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-22 parts of wheat bran powder, 5-10 parts of bean-cypress powder, 4-5 parts of oil cake powder, 4-5 parts of fish meal, 4-5 parts of egg shell powder and 4-5 parts of rice bran by weight.

Furthermore, the feed comprises 20-24 parts of pine needles, 40-50 parts of corn flour, 20-22 parts of wheat bran powder, 5-10 parts of bean-cypress powder, 4-5 parts of oil cake powder, 4-5 parts of fish meal, 4-5 parts of egg shell powder and 4-5 parts of rice bran in parts by weight on a dry basis.

The pine needle contains a large amount of chlorophyll, crude protein, crude fat, fat-soluble vitamin A and vitamin C, and minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc. Pine needles were originally documented in the compendium of materia medica: finely cut, and drunk with water and flour or smashed into pills, it can break the grain and cure malignant disease (Hongjing). The main indications of pine needles in the national compilation of Chinese herbs are: 'dispelling wind and promoting blood circulation, improving eyesight, calming nerves, detoxifying and relieving itching'; taiping Shenghui Fang: the pine needle is not old, can lighten the body, tonify qi, not hungry and prolong life after being taken for a long time. The pine needle contains flavonoid, volatile oil, shikimic acid, fatty acid, phosphorus, calcium, iron, selenium and other inorganic elements essential to human body, and also contains various amino acids, and the existence of the chemical components enables the pine needle to have various health care functions.

The pine needles contain rich crude cellulose, crude protein, fat, various vitamins and trace mineral elements, wherein the content of the crude protein is 7-12 percent at most, the content of the fat is 7-12 percent, the content of carbohydrate is 3-15 percent, the content of various amino acids is 6-9 percent, and the contents of zinc, magnesium and molybdenum are higher than that of alfalfa and purple cloud English which are commonly called high-nutrition and high-content pasture. The forage grass contains more than 20 amino acids, more than 10 vitamins and carotene, can increase the resistance of livestock to diseases, has obvious promotion effect on growth and reproduction functions, and can save the feed cost by frequent addition.

The pine needle contains volatile oil, has aromatic smell, and can inhibit Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus dysenteriae in livestock. The feeding of livestock with the pine needle feed can change the meat safety of dining tables. For the farmer, the feed has low cost and quick response, and is a Chinese herbal medicine feed for changing chemical additives. Is safe, environment-friendly, healthy and free of chemical residue, and is a pure natural livestock feed product. The pine needle extract has protective effect on immune organs, and can inhibit tumor cell growth and enhance immunity. The health care efficacy of pine needles is closely related to the chemical components thereof, and the research on the chemical components is mainly focused on volatile oil, flavone, lignan, shikimic acid and other substances with biological activity. The methionine contained in the pine needles plays roles of strengthening nutrition, making up for the deficiency of natural protein and balancing amino origin for human bodies; methionine in human body is balanced, and can eliminate the phenomena of hair brittleness and bone brittleness, and can be synthesized with folic acid, etc. to prevent tumor generation.

The soybean meal is a byproduct obtained after soybean oil is extracted from soybeans. Also known as soybean meal. According to different extraction methods, the soybean meal can be divided into primary soybean meal soaking and secondary soybean meal soaking. The by-product obtained after extracting soybean oil by an extraction method is first-soaked soybean meal, and the by-product obtained after extracting oil by squeezing is called second-soaked soybean meal. The soybean meal has the following advantages: 1. easy absorption and utilization: the bean pulp is fermented and hydrolyzed by probiotics to generate a large amount of active peptide with unique physiological activity function. The small peptide mixture with the molecular weight lower than 5000 is the main component of the product, is easy to digest, quick to absorb and low in antigenicity, effectively stimulates the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tracts, regulates the structure of microecological flora in bodies, and increases the decomposition, synthesis, absorption and utilization of feed nutrients by the whole digestive tract; 2. disease prevention: a large amount of high-efficiency probiotics in the fermented soybean meal can inhibit growth and propagation of harmful bacteria such as escherichia coli, salmonella and the like in an animal body, keep the micro-ecological environment in the intestinal tract in a balanced and stable state, and avoid intestinal tract diseases; 3. the utilization rate of the feed is improved: the fermented soybean meal is rich in various microbial enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase and the like, can supplement insufficient endogenous enzymes of organisms, enhances the digestion of nutrient substances, and improves the utilization rate of animals on feed protein and energy; 4. and (3) growth promotion: the fermented soybean meal is rich in various nutrient substances such as lactic acid, vitamins, amino acids, unknown growth promoting factors and the like, has special fermentation fragrance and good palatability, and increases the feed intake of animals. Lactic acid can also regulate pH of intestinal tract of young animal, save acidifier cost in feed, participate in metabolism, and promote growth.

Because corn resources are extremely abundant, cheap and easily available, they also have many biological activities, such as oxidation resistance, anti-tumor, blood sugar reduction, immunity improvement, bacteriostasis, sterilization and the like. Corn grain of corn is composed of endosperm, embryo, skin and tip, and its contents are 82%, 12%, 5% and 1%. The corn embryo is endosperm of seed, has high nutritive value, and contains fat above 4.6g, protein above 8.2g, carbohydrate above 70.6g, crude fiber above 1.3g, calcium above 17mg, iron above 2.0mg, phosphorus above 21mg, nicotinic acid above 2.4mg, and riboflavin above 0.14mg per 100 g. Starch is mainly present in the endosperm, which contains a large amount of oil and ash. The content of vitamin in the corn is very high, 5-10 times of that of the rice and wheat, and the nutritive value and the health care effect of the corn are the highest in all staple foods. The high-nutrient substances such as riboflavin contained in the corn are very beneficial to human bodies.

According to the record of the compendium of materia Medica: the corn seeds are planted in the west soil, are sweet and neutral, have no toxicity and can regulate the middle and promote the appetite. The pollen and embryo bud of corn also contain a large amount of vitamin E and corn flavone, and the corn product can delay human body aging and enhance human physical strength and endurance after being eaten frequently. The corn fructose syrup can prevent gingival bleeding and has auxiliary effect on treating cardiovascular diseases. The corn modified starch is applied to the burnt part of human body, so that no scar is generated on the affected part. Corn starch is also a good medium for penicillin production. Sorbitol paste prepared from oxidized corn dextrose can be used to prepare ascorbic acid tablets. Compared with soybean and wheat, the corn has low fat and protein content and high carbohydrate content.

Wheat bran, i.e. wheat bran, a by-product of wheat processing flour, wheat yellow, flakes or powder. The wheat bran has partial embryo (i.e. the germinated part of wheat) at the end, which accounts for about 5-10% of the total amount of wheat bran, and has 6 layers, and the outer 5 layers contain more crude fiber. Wheat bran contains a large amount of vitamin B. Is rich in cellulose and vitamins, and can be used as food, medicine, feed material, wine, etc. The wheat bran contains rich dietary fiber, is a necessary nutrient element for human bodies, can improve fiber components in food, can improve the condition of constipation, can promote the excretion of fat and nitrogen, and has great significance for preventing and treating common clinical fiber-deficient diseases. The high fiber content can reduce the excretion of steroid in excrement, and the main boundary metabolic process of cholesterol in human body is excretion via excrement, so that the serum cholesterol can be reduced, and the formation of atherosclerosis can be slowed down. Can be used for preventing colon and rectal cancer. The vitamins B contained in the wheat bran play many functions in the body and are also indispensable nutrient components in the normal metabolism of food.

The compendium of materia Medica says: "bran is the same as wheat bran, but the action of checking sweat is inferior to floating wheat, and floating wheat has meat. "Ben Cao Shi Yi" means that it is used to make cake with flour to stop diarrhea and dysentery, regulate middle energizer and remove heat, and strengthen the health of people. Mixing with vinegar, steaming, bagging, scalding the waist and feet to relieve pain and dissipate blood. Milk is digested by the blood of cattle, has sweet taste, is slightly cold in nature, is nontoxic, and can nourish the five internal organs. The "Rihuazi materia Medica" records: moisten skin, nourish heart and lung, and remove heat-toxin. The compendium of materia Medica records: it is beneficial for the elderly to cook porridge for moistening stool, treating qi dysentery and removing jaundice. The porridge prepared by combining milk and wheat bran can tonify deficiency, quench thirst, stop sweating and relax bowels. The porridge is nourishing and sweet.

Oil cake refers to the byproduct of rapeseed oil pressing, contains higher protein and amino acid, and is relatively balanced. The oil cake contains high protein, balanced amino acid composition, high sulfur-containing amino acid content, low arginine content and low lysine content. The content of crude fiber is high, and the calcium content is also high. Phosphorus is higher than calcium and is mostly phytate phosphorus. The microelement contains rich iron. The content of crude protein is 31.5%, the content of digestible protein is 25.6%, and the product also contains amino acids and microelements such as manganese, zinc, copper, etc.

Fish meal is a high-protein feed raw material which is prepared by using one or more fishes as raw materials and carrying out deoiling, dehydration and crushing processing. The fish meal does not contain substances such as cellulose and the like which are difficult to digest, has high crude fat content and high effective energy value, and is easy to prepare high-energy feed by taking the fish meal as a raw material in production. The fish meal is rich in B vitamins, particularly high in vitamin B12 and B2, and also contains fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, vitamin E and the like. Fish meal is a good source of minerals, has high contents of calcium and phosphorus and proper proportion, and all phosphorus can be utilized. The selenium content of the fish meal is very high and can reach more than 2 mg/kg. In addition, the fish meal has high content of iodine, zinc, iron and selenium and contains a proper amount of arsenic. Fish meal contains unknown growth-promoting factors, which have not been purified into compounds that stimulate animal growth.

The eggshell powder has effects of relieving hyperacidity and pain, and can be ground into powder for topical application for stopping bleeding of trauma, inducing astringency and astringing. The eggshell powder can be used for treating gastric ulcer, acid regurgitation, gastritis and pain, and is beneficial for calcium supplement. The eggshell lining has effects of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, moistening lung, and relieving cough, and is suitable for wind dryness and dry cough. Yolk is widely used in folk, such as for external application to cracked nipple and skin ulcer of lower limbs. The traditional Chinese medicine considers that the egg yolk has the functions of nourishing blood, nourishing yin and improving intelligence, and is used for treating heart-blood deficiency, insomnia and dysphoria with smothery sensation. Has astringent, antacid, and calcium supplementing effects. Can be used for treating chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, rickets, etc. The eggshell contains 83-85% of calcium carbonate, 15-17% of protein, and multiple trace elements (zinc, copper, manganese, iron, selenium, etc.), wherein the content of heavy metal elements harmful to human body, such As lead (Pb) and arsenic (As)Extremely low, all less than 1 PPM. The eggshell has a weight of about 5.2-5.4g, a thickness of 0.3-0.4mm, and a calcium content of 2-2.5 g per eggshell. The structure of the eggshell can be divided into five layers from inside to outside, wherein the first layer of eggshell inner membrane (called as eggshell membrane by Chinese pharmacopoeia two, the eggshell inner membrane comprises complex protein consisting of fibrin, keratin and mucopolysaccharide which account for 15-17% of the total weight of the eggshell); a second eggshell outer membrane; a third layer of papillary cones; a fourth grid layer (sponge layer) and a fifth eggshell membrane. The eggshell is formed by eggshell-inner membrane (keratin membrane-protein fiber) -outer membrane (the foundation of eggshell formation) -papillary layer-spongy layer (determining the thickness and hardness of eggshell, CaCO₃) Shell membranes (which are beneficial for maintaining strength and freshness of the protected eggshells).

The rice bran is mainly prepared from pericarp, seed coat, endosperm, aleurone layer and embryo, and is rich in various nutrients and physiologically active substances. The testa oryzae has bitter and sweet taste, mild property, and no toxicity, and has effects of invigorating stomach and spleen, relieving swelling, and promoting urination, and can be used for treating loempe and edema. The rice bran contains 15% of protein, 16-22% of fat, 3-8% of sugar, 10% of water and about 125.1KJ/g of heat on average. The main fatty acids in the fat are unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, and contain high amount of vitamins, plant alcohol, dietary fiber, amino acids and minerals. Has effects in relieving constipation, reducing cholesterol, reducing urinary calculus, resisting cancer, caring skin, and protecting health.

The preparation method of the broad-spectrum livestock feed containing the Chinese herbal medicines and the coarse cereals comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation of pine needle powder: grinding pine needles to obtain pine needle powder;

s2, preparing coarse grain powder: grinding the coarse grains to obtain coarse grain powder;

s3, preparing a finished product: adding the prepared pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain the finished feed.

Further, the step S1 includes the following steps:

(1.1) obtaining pine needle powder: grinding the pine needle powder to obtain pine needle powder;

(1.2) fermenting pine needle powder: adding the prepared pine needle powder into a container, adding water into the container, stirring, and fermenting to obtain fermented pine needle powder.

Further, the step S2 includes the following steps:

(2.1) preparation of raw material powder: drying corn, wheat bran, bean cake, oil cake and chaff in the sun, respectively grinding to obtain corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean cake powder, oil cake powder and rice bran powder, cleaning soybean and egg shell, drying in the sun, grinding to obtain egg shell powder; adding salt into fish, drying in the sun, and grinding to obtain fish meal;

(2.2) preparing coarse grain powder: and adding the prepared corn flour, wheat bran powder, bean powder, oil cake powder, fish meal, egg shell powder and rice bran powder into a stirrer, and stirring to obtain the coarse cereal powder.

Furthermore, the particle sizes of the pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder are both 70-100 meshes.

Furthermore, the particle sizes of the pine needle powder and the coarse grain powder are both 80 meshes.

Further, the step (1.2) includes the steps of:

(1.2.1) adding the prepared pine needle powder into a container, adding water into the container, stirring and fermenting;

(1.2.2) turning over the pine needle powder in the container when the temperature in the container reaches 60-70 ℃, and continuing fermentation;

(1.2.3) when the temperature in the container reaches 10 ℃, completing the fermentation to obtain the fermented pine needle powder.

The application of the broad-spectrum livestock feed containing the Chinese herbal medicines and the coarse cereals is to feed the livestock with the feed.

The feed prepared by the preparation method can be directly used for feeding livestock and feeding according to a measurement, the weight of piglets is 2 two per day, and the weight of piglets is 1 jin per day after 20 jin and 50 jin. More than 50 jin each day, 2 jin each bag, and the water amount is not limited. Is beneficial to improving the quality and the taste of the meat. In the process of feeding, the feed is beneficial to improving the hair color of the livestock, so that the hair color of the livestock is bright, and the meat of the livestock does not contain any toxic residue.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the feed disclosed by the invention takes Chinese herbal medicines and coarse cereals as raw materials, does not contain a chemical additive, and does not contain chemical hormone components in a finished feed. Wherein the Chinese herbal medicine contains a large amount of more than 20 amino acids such as methionine, and more than 10 vitamins. The feed of the invention has rich nutrition and is rich in nutrient components required in the growth process of livestock. Particularly, the feed of the invention contains rich crude fiber, carotene, crude protein, fat, vitamin and trace mineral elements. The feed provided by the invention is beneficial to the growth and development of livestock, enables the livestock to have strong physique, uniform body and good hair color, is also beneficial to enhancing the physique of the livestock, is beneficial to preventing diseases, and also has a promoting effect on the reproductive function of the livestock. The preparation method has simple steps and less used mechanical equipment, and is beneficial to reducing the production cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.