Free falling body winch system of underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket
阅读说明：本技术 一种地下连续墙液压抓斗自由落体卷扬机系统 (Free falling body winch system of underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket ) 是由 张良夫 周跃阳 刘贵林 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种地下连续墙液压抓斗自由落体卷扬机系统,属于抓斗技术领域,其包括闭式液压泵、第一比例阀、第二比例阀、补油泵、冲洗阀、齿轮泵、开式油箱、换向阀、电控马达和自由落体减速机；所述换向阀控制齿轮泵的流向,进而控制自由落体减速机的连接和脱离的状态；以此控制卷扬机的工作状态；本发明公开的系统可使卷扬机自由下降,可提高抓斗冲击底面的力度,进而提高工作效率,卷扬机自由下降时,闭式液压泵和电控马达几乎没有负载,可减小驱动功率,起到节能环保的作用。(The invention discloses a free falling body winch system of an underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket, which belongs to the technical field of grab buckets and comprises a closed hydraulic pump, a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, an oil supplementing pump, a flushing valve, a gear pump, an open oil tank, a reversing valve, an electric control motor and a free falling body speed reducer; the reversing valve controls the flow direction of the gear pump, and further controls the connection and disconnection state of the free falling body speed reducer; thereby controlling the working state of the winch; the system disclosed by the invention can enable the winch to freely descend, can improve the force of the grab bucket impacting the bottom surface, further improves the working efficiency, and when the winch freely descends, the closed hydraulic pump and the electric control motor almost have no load, can reduce the driving power, and plays a role in energy conservation and environmental protection.)
1. A free falling body winch system of an underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket is characterized by comprising a closed hydraulic pump, a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, an oil supplementing pump, a flushing valve, a gear pump, an open oil tank, a reversing valve, an electric control motor and a free falling body speed reducer;
the closed hydraulic pump is used for driving an electric control motor, and the electric control motor is connected with a roller of the winch through a free falling body speed reducer;
the closed hydraulic pump is connected with a first proportional valve, and the first proportional valve is used for controlling the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump and the running direction of the closed hydraulic pump;
the electric control motor is connected with the second proportional valve, and the second proportional valve is used for controlling the displacement of the electric control motor;
an oil supplementing pump and a flushing valve are arranged between the closed hydraulic pump and the electric control motor, the oil supplementing pump is used for supplementing leaked hydraulic oil for the system, and the flushing valve is used for taking away heat in the system;
a free falling body speed reducer is arranged between the electric control motor and the winch and is connected with the gear pump; the gear pump is connected with the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected with the open oil tank;
when the reversing valve is powered off, hydraulic oil in the gear pump returns to the open oil tank, and the electric control motor drives the winch through the free falling body speed reducer; the first proportional valve controls the speed of the winch by controlling the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump, and the second proportional valve controls the speed of the winch by controlling the discharge capacity of the electric control motor to be matched with the hydraulic pump;
when the reversing valve is electrified, hydraulic oil in the gear pump enters the clutch to drive the clutch to be in a disengaged state, and the winch freely descends.
2. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab free-fall hoist system of claim 1, further comprising a speed sensor for detecting a lowering speed of the hoist.
3. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab free-fall hoist system of claim 2, further comprising a first pressure sensor for sensing the low side pressure of the system and a second pressure sensor for sensing the high side pressure of the system.
4. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket free fall hoist system of claim 3, characterized by further comprising a judging module, when the reversing valve is powered on and the hoist is in a descending state, the judging module is used for judging whether the descending speed of the hoist detected by the speed sensor is greater than or equal to a speed set value, if so, the closed hydraulic pump is controlled to change the displacement so as to reduce the descending speed of the hoist; if not, the discharge capacity of the closed type hydraulic pump is kept, and the low-pressure side pressure of the system is detected through the first pressure sensor.
5. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab free fall hoist system of claim 4, wherein the electric control motor drives the hoist to lower to a designated position if the system low pressure side pressure is detected to be greater than or equal to a first pressure set value, the closed hydraulic pump is controlled to reduce the displacement to increase the pressure on the system low pressure side if the system low pressure side pressure is detected to be less than the first pressure set value, and the first pressure sensor detects the system low pressure side pressure again.
6. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket free fall hoist system of claim 5, characterized in that when the reversing valve is de-energized and the hoist is in a rising state, the judgment module controls the electric control motor to reduce the displacement and judges whether the high-pressure side pressure in the system is greater than or equal to a second pressure set value, if yes, the electric control motor drives the hoist to rise to a specified position, and if not, the displacement of the electric control motor is reduced and whether the high-pressure side pressure in the system is less than the second pressure set value is judged again.
7. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab free fall hoist system of claim 1, characterized in that the hoist is provided with a brake for limiting the speed of the hoist that freely descends.
8. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket free fall hoist system of claim 4, characterized in that when the reversing valve is powered on and the hoist is in a free fall state, the judgment module judges whether the fall speed of the hoist is greater than or equal to a free fall speed set value, if so, a brake is started to decelerate the hoist, and if not, the hoist continues to fall freely.
9. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab free fall hoist system of claim 8, further comprising a distance detector for detecting a free fall height of the hoist.
10. The underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket free fall hoist system of claim 9, wherein before the hoist freely descends, the height at which the hoist is about to freely descend is detected by a distance detector and the height at which the hoist is about to freely descend is judged to be higher than a distance set value, if so, the free descent of the hoist is stopped, and if not, the hoist is driven to freely descend.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grab buckets, in particular to a free falling body winch system of an underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket.
Background
In the underground wall connecting construction process, along with the increase of the grooving depth, hard strata can be frequently encountered, and the depth of the grab bucket entering the ruler can be seriously influenced. How on current basis, improve the operating efficiency of hydraulic grab bucket, improve construction progress and efficiency, reduce construction cost, energy-concerving and environment-protective.
The energy conservation and grab bucket impact of the existing underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket winch adopt the following scheme:
1. the main winch is quickly lowered. In the construction process, when a hard stratum is encountered, the main winch is adopted to quickly lower (60-70 m/min), and impact on the hard stratum is formed by means of the higher lowering speed. The faster lowering speed reduces the life of the motor, the balance valve and the speed reducer.
2. The bucket head falls freely. The bucket body sliding block, the bucket head connecting rod mechanism and the bucket head freely fall through the connecting rod mechanism, but the mechanism is light in weight and poor in effect.
3. Adopting a weight-increasing bucket body. The weight-increasing bucket body is adopted, the depth of footage can be improved in the construction process, the weight of the bucket body is increased, the lifting speed of a main winch can be reduced, the power consumption can be increased, the oil consumption of equipment is improved, and the bucket is not economical, environment-friendly and the like.
4. Open hoist system. High energy consumption, heat generation by throttling and overflowing, and is often applied to a small-flow hydraulic system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a free falling body winch system of a hydraulic grab bucket of an underground continuous wall, which is used for solving the problems that the grab bucket is not enough to impact the bottom surface, the working efficiency is low and the energy consumption of the whole system is high in the conventional system.
The invention solves the technical problem and adopts the technical scheme that the free falling body winch system of the underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket comprises a closed hydraulic pump, a first proportional valve, a second proportional valve, an oil supplementing pump, a flushing valve, a gear pump, an open oil tank, a reversing valve, a variable piston, an electric control motor and a free falling body speed reducer;
the closed hydraulic pump is used for driving an electric control motor, and the electric control motor is connected with a roller of the winch through a free falling body speed reducer;
the closed hydraulic pump is connected with a first proportional valve, and the first proportional valve is used for controlling the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump and the running direction of the hydraulic pump;
the electric control motor is connected with the second proportional valve, and the second proportional valve is used for controlling the displacement of the electric control motor;
an oil supplementing pump and a flushing valve are arranged between the closed hydraulic pump and the electric control motor, the oil supplementing pump can supplement hydraulic oil leaked by the system in time, the stability of the system is kept, and the flushing valve takes away heat of the system in time to prevent the temperature of the system from being too high;
a speed reducer is arranged between the electric control motor and the winch, and the speed reducer is connected with a gear pump; the gear pump is connected with the reversing valve; the reversing valve is connected with the open oil tank;
when the reversing valve is powered off, hydraulic oil in the gear pump returns to the open oil tank, and the electric control motor drives the winch through the speed reducer; the first proportional valve controls the speed of the winch by controlling the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump, and the second proportional valve controls the speed of the winch by controlling the discharge capacity of the electric control motor to be matched with the hydraulic pump;
when the reversing valve is electrified, hydraulic oil in the gear pump enters the clutch to drive the clutch to be in a disengaged state, and the winch freely descends.
Preferably, a speed sensor is further included, the speed sensor being configured to detect a speed of the hoist.
Preferably, the system further comprises a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, wherein the first pressure sensor is used for detecting the low-pressure side pressure of the system, and the second pressure sensor is used for detecting the high-pressure side pressure of the system.
Preferably, the hydraulic control system further comprises a judging module, when the reversing valve is electrified, the winch is in a descending state, the judging module is used for judging whether the descending speed of the winch detected by the speed sensor is greater than or equal to a speed set value, and if yes, the closed hydraulic pump is controlled to change the displacement so as to reduce the descending speed of the winch; if not, the discharge capacity of the closed type hydraulic pump is kept, and the low-pressure side pressure of the system is detected through the first pressure sensor.
Preferably, if the detected pressure of the low-pressure side of the system is greater than or equal to a first pressure set value, the electric control motor drives the winch to be lowered to a specified position, if the detected pressure of the low-pressure side of the system is less than the first pressure set value, the closed type hydraulic pump is controlled to reduce the displacement so as to increase the pressure of the low-pressure side of the system, and then the first pressure sensor detects the pressure of the low-pressure side of the system again.
Preferably, when the reversing valve is powered off and the winch is in a rising state, the judgment module controls the electric control motor to reduce the discharge capacity and judges whether the high-pressure side pressure in the system is larger than or equal to a second pressure set value or not, if yes, the electric control motor drives the winch to rise to a specified position, and if not, the discharge capacity of the electric control motor is reduced and whether the high-pressure side pressure in the system is smaller than the second pressure set value or not is judged again.
Preferably, a brake is arranged on the winch and used for limiting the speed of the winch which freely descends.
Preferably, when the reversing valve is powered on and the winch is in a free descending state, the judgment module judges whether the descending speed of the winch is greater than or equal to a free descending speed set value, if so, the brake is started to decelerate the winch, and if not, the winch continues to descend freely.
Preferably, the device further comprises a distance detector for detecting the free falling height of the winch.
Preferably, before the winch freely descends, the distance detector detects the height of the winch which is about to freely descend and judges that the height of the winch which is about to freely descend is higher than a distance set value, if so, the free descending of the winch is stopped, and if not, the winch is driven to freely descend.
The system disclosed by the invention can enable the winch to freely descend, can improve the force of the grab bucket impacting the bottom surface, further improves the working efficiency, and when the winch freely descends, the closed hydraulic pump and the electric control motor almost have no load, can reduce the driving power, and plays a role in energy conservation and environmental protection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a free fall hoist system of an underground diaphragm wall hydraulic grab in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a system of a free fall hoist of an underground diaphragm wall hydraulic grab bucket for controlling the hoist in a normal working state according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the system of the free fall hoist of the underground continuous wall hydraulic grab bucket for controlling the hoist to descend in a free-falling state according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the invention discloses a free falling body winch system of a hydraulic grab bucket of an underground diaphragm wall, which comprises a closed hydraulic pump 1, a first
The closed hydraulic pump 1 is used for driving an electric control motor 8, and the electric control motor 8 is connected with the winch through a speed reducer 9;
the closed hydraulic pump 1 is connected with a first
the electric control motor 8 is connected with the second proportional valve 3, and the second proportional valve 3 is used for controlling the displacement of the electric control motor 8;
an oil supplementing pump 4 and a flushing valve 5 are arranged between the closed hydraulic pump 1 and the electric control motor 8, and the oil supplementing pump 4 is used for supplementing leaked hydraulic oil to the system in time so as to keep the whole system in a stable state; the flushing valve 5 is used for taking away heat of the system, and the situation of overhigh temperature in the system is avoided.
A speed reducer 9 is arranged between the electric control motor 8 and the winch, and the speed reducer 9 is connected with the gear pump 6; the gear pump 6 is connected with the reversing valve 7; the reversing valve 7 is connected with the open oil tank;
when the reversing valve 7 is powered off, hydraulic oil in the gear pump 6 returns to the open oil tank, and the electric control motor 8 drives the winch through the speed reducer 9; the first
when the reversing valve 7 is powered on, hydraulic oil in the gear pump 6 enters the speed reducer 9 to drive the speed reducer 9 to be in a disengaged state, and the winch freely descends.
The ascending and descending of the winch are controlled through the system, and the ascending speed and the descending speed of the winch are controlled simultaneously; when the system is used for controlling the winch to work, the system has two states, wherein the first state is a common working state of the winch, the reversing valve 7 is powered off, the whole system is in a closed state, the closed system belongs to a high-pressure system, system leakage exists in the running process, a part of hydraulic oil is needed to take away heat in the system, and in the embodiment, oil is supplemented for the closed system through the gear pump 6 and the flushing valve 5, and the heat in the system is taken away; when the detected high-pressure side pressure is smaller than a second pressure set value, the smaller the displacement of the electric control motor 8 is, the faster the rising speed of the winch is. The descending speed of the winch is controlled by controlling the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump 1, the larger the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump 1 is, the faster the descending speed of the winch is, the smaller the discharge capacity of the closed hydraulic pump 1 is, and the slower the descending speed of the winch is.
The closed system is obviously different from the open system, an oil inlet pipe of the hydraulic pump is directly connected with an executed oil return pipe, and the working liquid is in closed circulation in a pipeline of the system. The closed hydraulic pump 1 can change the direction of hydraulic oil through the first
N＝PQ/60
the power loss due to the available pressure loss is: 17.62 KW. The throttling is considered, and the whole power utilization rate of the closed system can be improved by more than 8%.
The second state is a free descending state of the winch, at the moment, the reversing valve 7 is electrified, pressure oil of the gear pump 6 enters a working cavity of the speed reducer 9 to push a spring, a clutch of the speed reducer 9 is disengaged, and the load of the winch freely descends; the hoist freely descends due to the gravity of the hoist, and is not driven by the electric control motor 8.
The system also comprises a speed sensor, and the speed sensor is used for detecting the descending speed of the winch.
The method comprises the steps that in the ordinary working state of the winch, in order to avoid stalling of the winch when the winch descends, the descending speed of the winch is detected in real time through a speed sensor, and when the speed of the winch is too high (in a stalling state), the discharge capacity of a closed hydraulic pump 1 is adjusted to be reduced, so that the descending speed of the winch is reduced.
Specifically, the system further comprises a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a judgment module, wherein the first pressure sensor is used for detecting the upper side pressure of the system, and the second pressure sensor is used for detecting the lower side pressure of the system.
When the reversing valve 7 is powered off and the winch is in a descending state, the judging module is used for judging whether the descending speed of the winch detected by the speed sensor is greater than or equal to a speed set value or not, and if yes, the closed hydraulic pump 1 is controlled to change the discharge capacity so as to reduce the descending speed of the winch; if not, the displacement of the closed hydraulic pump 1 is maintained and the upper side pressure of the system is detected by the first pressure sensor.
If the pressure on the upper side of the system is detected to be greater than or equal to a first pressure set value (PS 1 in figure 1), the electric control motor 8 drives the winch to be lowered to a specified position, if the pressure on the upper side of the system is detected to be less than the first pressure set value, the closed hydraulic pump 1 is controlled to reduce the displacement so as to increase the pressure on the upper side of the system, and then the first pressure sensor detects the pressure on the upper side of the system again.
When the reversing valve 7 is powered off and the winch is in a rising state, the judging module controls the motor to reduce the motor displacement and judges whether the lower side pressure in the system is smaller than a second pressure set value (
We have installed a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor on the low pressure side and the high pressure side, respectively. In the control system, when the pressure of the low-pressure side of the system is less than a set value, a judgment module judges whether the winch is in a stalling state, if so, the first
In this embodiment, the winch is provided with a brake, and the brake is used for limiting the speed of the freely descending winch. When the descending speed of the winch is too fast, the speed of the winch can be limited through the brake. The system is provided with a proportional overflow valve which can adjust the disengagement state of the clutch 9, so that the winch can obtain different lowering speeds.
The specific situation that the winch is controlled to freely descend by the brake is as follows:
when the reversing valve 7 is powered on, the winch is in a free descending state, the judgment module judges whether the descending speed of the winch is greater than or equal to a free descending speed set value, if yes, the brake is started to decelerate the winch, and if not, the winch continues to descend freely.
The system further comprises a distance detector for detecting the free lowering height of the hoisting machine.
Before the winch freely descends, the height of the winch, which is to be freely descended, is detected through a distance detector, and the height of the winch, which is to be freely descended, is judged to be higher than a distance set value, if yes, the free descent of the winch is stopped, and if not, the winch is driven to freely descend.
The system disclosed by the invention can enable the winch to freely descend, can improve the force of the grab bucket impacting the bottom surface, further improves the working efficiency, and when the winch freely descends, the closed hydraulic pump and the electric control motor almost have no load, can reduce the driving power, and plays a role in energy conservation and environmental protection.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
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