阅读说明：本技术 一种1,3-二取代的吲哚啉的衍生物及其制备方法 (1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative and preparation method thereof ) 是由 解攀 薛成 石三山 李瑶 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种1,3-二取代的吲哚啉的衍生物及其制备方法,属于有机化合物合成领域,包括如下步骤,步骤1,按(1～3)：(2～10)：1：(3～8)的摩尔比例,在无氧的环境下,将SmI<Sub>2</Sub>、三级胺、烯丙基取代的2-碘代芳香胺和去离子水溶解在四氢呋喃中,得到混合体系A；步骤2,将混合体系A在20～30℃下反应0.5～20min,将所得的反应液中的有机溶剂和副产物去除后,得到1,3-二取代的吲哚啉的衍生物；水作为质子供体,在碘化钐的引发下和三级胺的催化作用下,在四氢呋喃中通过自由基环化,在温和的条件下得到,反应速度快,条件温和,得到的1,3-二取代的吲哚啉的衍生物可广泛应用于医药、农药等工业领域。(The invention relates to a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of organic compound synthesis and comprising the following steps of step 1, according to (1-3): (2-10): 1: (3-8) in a molar ratio, and performing SmI treatment in an oxygen-free environment 2 Dissolving tertiary amine, allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine and deionized water in tetrahydrofuran to obtain a mixed system A; step 2, reacting the mixed system A at 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-20 min, and removing the organic solvent and byproducts in the obtained reaction liquid to obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative; the water is used as a proton donor, and is cyclized by free radicals in tetrahydrofuran under the initiation of samarium iodide and the catalytic action of tertiary amine under mild conditions, the reaction speed is high, the conditions are mild, and the obtained 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative can be widely applied to the industrial fields of medicines, pesticides and the like.)

1. A method for preparing 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivatives, which is characterized by comprising the following steps,

step 1, according to (1-3): (2-10): 1: (3-8) in a molar ratio, and performing SmI treatment in an oxygen-free environment₂Dissolving tertiary amine, allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine and deionized water in tetrahydrofuran to obtain a mixed system A;

and 2, reacting the mixed system A at 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-20 min, and removing the organic solvent and the by-products in the obtained reaction liquid to obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative.

2. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine in step 1 is one or more of triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, tri-isopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triphenylamine, tribenzylamine, and diisopropylethylamine.

3. The method for producing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein the mixed system a in the step 2 is reacted with stirring.

4. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the reaction solution is quenched with deionized water, then subjected to reduced pressure treatment, the obtained mixed system is extracted with diethyl ether and subjected to liquid separation to obtain a mixture A, and the mixture A is subjected to column chromatography to obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative.

5. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein step 1, the Smi is treated first₂And (3) carrying out oxygen discharge operation on the tetrahydrofuran solution, then sequentially adding tertiary amine and allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine, and finally adding deionized water at 20-30 ℃ to obtain a mixed system A.

6. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein the allyl-substituted 2-iodoaromatic amine in the step 1 is obtained by,

reacting iodo aromatic amine in a DMSO solution of potassium carbonate or a DMSO solution of sodium hydroxide for 2-36 h at 20-30 ℃ according to the following general formula, separating a product in the obtained reaction solution to obtain allyl-substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine,

wherein X and Y are chlorine, bromine or iodine.

7. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 6, wherein R in step 1 is¹The group is hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkoxy, halogen, nitro, amino, cyano, aldehyde group, acetyl, ester group, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy;

R²the group is a straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl or acetyl;

R³the group is hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, cyano, aldehyde group, ester group, and straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkoxy;

R⁴and R⁵The radicals are all hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 hydrocarbonThe compound is a compound of a general formula I, a substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, a cyano group, an ester group, an aldehyde group and a straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkoxy group;

the structure of the ester group is shown as-COOR⁶，R⁶Is straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkyl.

8. The method for preparing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to claim 1, wherein the total yield of the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative obtained by the method is 51-85%.

9. A1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative obtained by the method for producing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of organic compound synthesis, and particularly relates to a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, some medicaments containing indoline frameworks are on the market, such as Pentopril (an effective medicament for treating hypertension), a peroxidase proliferation activated receptor (PPAR α/gamma), a liver X receptor regulator and the like, and particularly, the documents are listed as J.Clin.Pharm.1986,26,156-164, Annu.Rev.Med.2002,53,409-435, J.Clin.Invest.2006,116,607-614, J.Chem.1983, 26,394-403, and also the intermediate of indoline is an important synthetic reaction intermediate, and has relatively more difficult application in the field of indole synthesis compared with the similar synthetic method, and the indole derivatives are relatively difficult to be constructed by the scientific synthetic method.

The synthesis methods of indoline developed by chemists at present are summarized in the following three main types: a) the direct reduction of indole compounds to obtain indolines is generally carried out by using hydrogen or metal hydride as a reducing agent to achieve the reduction of the indole ring, as described in the literature "Tetrahedron, 1997,53, 791; org, lett, 2004,6,2213.

b) A single compound is used as a raw material to synthesize indoline derivatives through intramolecular cyclization, the method is generally realized through amination/cyclization reaction catalyzed by transition metal, and the method can be specifically seen in the literatures of org.lett.,2008,10, 2721; j.am.chem.soc.,2009,131,10806; chem.,2006,71, 8316; chem, 2009,74,212.

c) Two compounds are used as raw materials to synthesize indoline derivatives through intermolecular cyclization, a C-C bond and a C-N bond are required to be simultaneously formed in the method, and a transition metal catalyzed cyclization process is also required, specifically seen in a document J.Am.chem.Soc.,2008,130,10066; org, lett, 2007,9,5255.

Although the above method can synthesize many indoline derivatives, there are still many disadvantages, such as transition metal catalysis, harsh reaction conditions, high temperature and long reaction time. Therefore, it is of great value to develop a new synthesis method and to efficiently synthesize indoline derivatives from inexpensive and readily available raw materials.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative and the preparation method thereof, the reaction condition is mild, the speed is high, the control is easy, and the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative can be prepared without heating and additional metal reagents and oxidants.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivatives comprises the following steps,

step 1, according to (1-3): (2-10): 1: (3-8) in a molar ratio, and performing SmI treatment in an oxygen-free environment₂Tertiary amine, allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine and deionized water are dissolved in tetrahydrofuran to obtain a mixed system A,

and 2, reacting the mixed system A at 20-30 ℃ for 0.5-20 min, and removing the organic solvent and the by-products in the obtained reaction liquid to obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative.

Preferably, the tertiary amine in step 1 is one or more of triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, tri-isopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triphenylamine, tribenzylamine and diisopropylethylamine.

Preferably, the mixed system A in the step 2 is stirred and reacted.

Preferably, in step 2, the reaction solution is quenched with deionized water and then subjected to pressure reduction treatment, the obtained mixed system is extracted with diethyl ether and subjected to liquid separation to obtain a mixture A, and the mixture A is subjected to column chromatography to obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative.

Preferably, in step 1, Smi is treated first₂And (3) carrying out oxygen discharge operation on the tetrahydrofuran solution, then sequentially adding tertiary amine and allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine, and finally adding deionized water at 20-30 ℃ to obtain a mixed system A.

Preferably, the allyl-substituted 2-iodoaromatic amine described in step 1 is obtained as follows,

reacting iodo aromatic amine in a DMSO solution of potassium carbonate or a DMSO solution of sodium hydroxide for 2-36 h at 20-30 ℃ according to the following general formula, separating a product in the obtained reaction solution to obtain allyl-substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine,

wherein X and Y are chlorine, bromine or iodine.

Further, R in step 1¹The group is hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkoxy, halogen, nitro, amino, cyano, aldehyde group, acetyl, ester group, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy;

R²the group is a straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl or acetyl;

R³the group is hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, cyano, aldehyde group, ester group, and straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkoxy;

R⁴and R⁵The groups are hydrogen, straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, substituted C5-C60 or unsubstituted C5-C60, cyano, ester group, aldehyde group and straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkoxy;

the structure of the ester group is shown as-COOR⁶，R⁶Is straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkyl.

Preferably, the total yield of the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivatives obtained by the method is 51-85%.

A 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative obtained by the method for producing a 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative according to any one of the above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the preparation method of the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative takes the allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine which is very easily obtained industrially as a reaction raw material, takes water as a proton donor, and can obtain the 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative by one step under mild conditions through free radical cyclization in tetrahydrofuran under the initiation of samarium iodide and the catalytic action of tertiary amine; the used raw materials are simple and have wide sources, the used initiator samarium iodide and additive tertiary amine have low price, the reaction speed is high, the condition is mild, the preparation method is more superior, and the obtained 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivative can be widely applied to the industrial fields of medicines, pesticides and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 8 of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of the product obtained in example 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a nuclear magnetic carbon spectrum of the product obtained in example 12 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.

The invention starts from iodo aromatic amine, firstly synthesizes allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine through substitution reaction, further takes samarium iodide as a free radical initiator and water as a proton donor, realizes the synthesis of 1, 3-disubstituted indoline derivatives under mild conditions through the cyclization initiated by free radicals under the condition of the existence of tertiary amine, and concretely proceeds according to the following general formula,

in the formula:

R¹the group is mainly selected from five, the first is hydrogen, the second is a linear or branched C1-C40 hydrocarbon group, the third is substituted or unsubstituted C5-C60, and the third is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl group, specifically methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl, the common is a C5-C20 aromatic group, specifically phenyl, benzyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, furyl or pyridyl; the fourth is a straight-chain or branched C1-C40 alkoxy group, the common C1-C8 alkoxy group can be methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy benzene or n-butoxy group, and the fifth is a halogen, and can be fluorine, chlorine or bromine; in addition, nitro, amino, cyano, aldehyde, acetyl, ester, trifluoromethyl or trifluoromethoxy;

R²the group is selected from linear chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, commonly used linear chain or branched chain C1-C8 alkyl, and can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl; in addition, acetyl;

R³the group is selected from three, the first is hydrogen, the second is a linear or branched C1-C40 hydrocarbon group, the common use is a linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl group, specifically methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl, the third is a substituted or unsubstituted C5-C60, the common use is a C5-C20 aromatic group, the common use is phenyl, benzyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, furyl or pyridyl; in addition, cyano, aldehyde or ester groups, and linear or branched C1-C4 alkoxy groups;

R⁴and R⁵The groups are all three, the first is hydrogen, the common use is straight chain or branched chain C1-C40 alkyl, wherein, the straight chain or branched chain C1-C8 alkyl can be methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl, the third is substituted or unsubstituted C5-C60, the common use is C5-C20 aromatic group, can be phenyl, benzyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, furyl or pyridyl; in addition, cyano, aldehyde or ester groups, and linear or branched C1-C4 alkoxy groups;

the structural formula of the ester group in the above is-COOR⁶Wherein R is⁶Is a straight chain or branched chain C1-C4 alkyl selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isobutyl.

X and Y are independently selected from one of chlorine, bromine or iodine.

In particular comprising the following steps of,

step 1, obtaining an allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine compound through a substitution reaction;

step 2, according to the formula (1-3): (2-10): 1: (3-8) molar ratio of SmI₂Adding the tetrahydrofuran solution into a reaction tube, adding a tertiary amine and an allyl substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine raw material under the protection of inert gas, adding deionized water at room temperature, specifically 20-30 ℃, stirring for 0.5-20 min to accelerate the reaction, continuing adding the deionized water to quench the reaction, performing primary extraction and liquid separation, and performing column chromatography separation to obtain a target product.

Step 1, synthesizing allyl-substituted 2-iodo aromatic amine by substitution reaction by adopting the existing method, and applying the method to industries such as medicines and pesticides in a large scale, so that the method has important application prospect in industrial production, and can adopt the substitution method under the common alkaline condition, for example, in a DMSO solution of potassium carbonate or sodium hydroxide, iodo aromatic amine reacts with allyl-containing halohydrocarbon for 2-36 hours at room temperature, and the reaction time can be 20-30 ℃;

in step 2, the tertiary amine is used as a catalyst and is selected from one or more of the following compounds: triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, triisopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, triphenylamine, tribenzylamine and diisopropylethylamine.

The preparation of the present invention can be further embodied in the preparation of representative compounds.