阅读说明：本技术 一种能使光纤快速耦合的光纤通信装置和通信方法 (Optical fiber communication device and communication method capable of enabling optical fibers to be quickly coupled ) 是由 倪演海 谷仁丰 胡建超 肖丹谊 于 2019-12-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种能使光纤快速耦合的光纤通信装置,包括结构相同的分别连接在通信光缆两端的A端装置和B端装置,所述A端装置包括互联的第一激光发射机单元和第一发射耦合单元及互联的第一激光接收机单元和第一接收耦合单元；所述B端装置包括互联的第二激光发射机单元和第二发射耦合单元及互联的第二激光接收机单元和第二接收耦合单元；第一发射耦合单元通过通信光缆中第一光纤连接第二接收耦合单元,第二发射耦合单元通过通信光缆中第二光纤连接第一接收耦合单元。这种装置具有成本低、组装方便、操作简便的特点。本发明同时还公开了能使光纤快速耦合的光纤通信方法,这种方法可简便、快速的实现或恢复异地通信。(The invention discloses an optical fiber communication device capable of realizing rapid optical fiber coupling, which comprises an A-end device and a B-end device which have the same structure and are respectively connected to two ends of a communication optical cable, wherein the A-end device comprises a first laser transmitter unit and a first transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a first laser receiver unit and a first receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the B-end device comprises a second laser transmitter unit and a second transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a second laser receiver unit and a second receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the first transmitting coupling unit is connected with the second receiving coupling unit through a first optical fiber in the communication optical cable, and the second transmitting coupling unit is connected with the first receiving coupling unit through a second optical fiber in the communication optical cable. The device has the characteristics of low cost, convenient assembly and simple and convenient operation. The invention also discloses a fiber communication method capable of realizing the rapid coupling of the optical fiber, and the method can simply, conveniently and rapidly realize or recover the communication in different places.)

1. An optical fiber communication device capable of enabling optical fibers to be rapidly coupled is characterized by comprising an end A device and an end B device which are identical in structure and are respectively connected to two ends of a communication optical cable, wherein the number of the optical fibers in the communication optical cable is at least 2, and the end A device comprises a first laser transmitter unit and a first transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a first laser receiver unit and a first receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the B-end device comprises a second laser transmitter unit and a second transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a second laser receiver unit and a second receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the first transmitting coupling unit is connected with the second receiving coupling unit through a first optical fiber in the communication optical cable, and the second transmitting coupling unit is connected with the first receiving coupling unit through a second optical fiber in the communication optical cable.

2. An optical fiber communication device capable of coupling optical fibers rapidly according to claim 1, wherein the first emission coupling unit and the second emission coupling unit are each provided with a first coupling cylinder having an inner diameter of 1mm to 3mm and a length of 10 to 30 times the inner diameter and the length thereof, wherein an inner wall of the first coupling cylinder has a reflection function or the inner wall of the first coupling cylinder is coated with a reflection film, one end of the first coupling cylinder is connected to the laser transmitter unit, the other end of the first coupling cylinder is inserted into an optical fiber to be connected, and an optical signal output from the laser transmitter unit is coupled into the optical fiber to be connected through the first coupling cylinder.

3. An optical fiber communication device capable of coupling optical fibers rapidly according to claim 1, wherein the first receiving coupling unit and the second receiving coupling unit are each provided with a second coupling cylinder having an inner diameter of 1mm to 3mm and a length of 10 to 30 times the inner diameter and the length thereof, wherein an inner wall of the second coupling cylinder has a reflective function or is coated with a reflective film, one end of the second coupling cylinder is an input end into which an optical fiber to be connected is inserted, the other end of the second coupling cylinder is connected to an optical detector, and an optical signal output from the optical fiber to be connected by the optical detector is coupled into the optical detector through the second coupling cylinder.

4. A method for optical fiber communication capable of fast coupling of optical fibers, comprising the optical fiber communication apparatus capable of fast coupling of optical fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising the steps of:

1) at one end of the communication optical cable, namely the end A, enabling the first laser transmitter unit to continuously transmit optical signals and enabling the first laser receiver unit to continuously demodulate the optical signals, then putting one optical fiber in the communication optical cable into a first coupling cylinder of the first transmitting coupling unit and fixing the optical fiber, and then putting the rest optical fibers in the communication optical cable into a second coupling cylinder of the first laser receiver unit and fixing the optical fiber;

2) at the other end of the communication optical cable, namely the end B, the second laser transmitter unit is enabled to continuously transmit optical signals, the second laser receiver unit is enabled to continuously demodulate the optical signals, then all optical fibers in the communication optical cable are put into the second receiving coupling unit together for fixing, and at the moment, information can be received in the second laser receiver unit;

3) at the end B, one optical fiber in the second receiving coupling unit is drawn out, if the information is not received in the second laser receiver unit at the moment, the optical fiber is the transmitting optical fiber at the end A, the rest optical fibers in the second receiving coupling unit are taken out and put into the second transmitting coupling unit for fixing, and then the optical fiber determined as the transmitting optical fiber at the end A is put back into the second receiving coupling unit for fixing; if the extracted optical fiber does not influence the information reception of the second laser receiver unit, the optical fiber is not the transmitting optical fiber of the A end, the optical fiber is put into the second transmitting coupling unit for fixing, and at the moment, the information sent by the B end can be received in the first laser transmitter unit of the A end;

4) and after the steps are completed, the bidirectional communication between the A end and the B end of the optical cable can be quickly realized.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of optical fiber communication, in particular to an optical fiber communication device and method using rapid optical fiber coupling.

Background

The conditions of long-time road interruption, power failure, telephone and mobile phone communication interruption and the like in remote mountain areas are often caused by heavy natural disasters such as earthquakes, flood disasters, landslide and the like. At this time, there is a pressing need for a simple, fast, portable device to keep the outside world in communication with the disaster area.

The conventional emergency optical fiber communication device requires the connection between the device and the optical fiber to maintain a good state in order to obtain high coupling efficiency. In order to achieve the purpose, the end face of the optical fiber is strictly required, an optical fiber cutter is required to cut the optical fiber to enable the end face of the optical fiber to be flat, and then a precise clamp is required to fix the optical fiber to enable the laser or the detector to be accurately aligned with the optical fiber; alternatively, it may be desirable to fusion splice a connector using a fusion splicer and then use the flange to connect the communication device to the optical fiber.

However, if it is found that the optical cable is broken at a cliff or a water bottom of a mountain somewhere in the field without carrying or using a special tool such as an optical fiber cutter, an optical fiber fusion splicer, or the like, it is impossible to perform communication.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a fiber optic communication device and a communication method that can couple optical fibers quickly. The device has the characteristics of low cost, convenient assembly and simple and convenient operation. The method can simply and quickly realize or recover the communication between different places.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

an optical fiber communication device capable of enabling optical fibers to be rapidly coupled comprises an end A device and an end B device which are identical in structure and are respectively connected to two ends of a communication optical cable, wherein the number of the optical fibers in the communication optical cable is at least 2, and the end A device comprises a first laser transmitter unit and a first transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a first laser receiver unit and a first receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the B-end device comprises a second laser transmitter unit and a second transmitting coupling unit which are interconnected, and a second laser receiver unit and a second receiving coupling unit which are interconnected; the first transmitting coupling unit is connected with the second receiving coupling unit through a first optical fiber in the communication optical cable, and the second transmitting coupling unit is connected with the first receiving coupling unit through a second optical fiber in the communication optical cable.

The first emission coupling unit and the second emission coupling unit are respectively provided with a first coupling cylinder with the inner diameter of phi 1 mm-phi 3mm and the length of 10-30 times of the inner diameter, wherein the inner wall of the first coupling cylinder has a reflection function or is plated with a reflection film, one end of the first coupling cylinder is connected with the laser transmitter unit, the other end of the first coupling cylinder is used for being flexibly inserted into an optical fiber to be connected, and an optical signal output by the laser transmitter unit is coupled into the optical fiber to be connected through the first coupling cylinder.

The first receiving coupling unit and the second receiving coupling unit are both provided with a second coupling cylinder with the inner diameter of phi 1 mm-phi 3mm and the length of 10-30 times of the inner diameter, wherein the inner wall of the second coupling cylinder has a reflection function or is plated with a reflection film, one end of the second coupling cylinder is an input end and used for being flexibly inserted into an optical fiber to be connected, the other end of the second coupling cylinder is connected with an optical detector, and an optical signal output by the optical detector from the optical fiber to be connected enters the optical detector through the coupling of the second coupling cylinder.

The laser transmitter unit encodes and modulates information into an optical signal and inputs the optical signal into the transmitting coupling unit, the transmitting coupling unit couples the optical signal into the optical fiber, the receiving coupling unit couples the optical signal in the optical fiber into the optical detector, and the laser receiver unit converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and demodulates the electrical signal to obtain the information sent by the laser transmitter unit.

The first coupling cylinder can select different inner diameters according to different diameters of communication optical fibers, the outer surface of the first coupling cylinder does not need to be specially designed and can be square, circular or in other shapes, only the whole cylinder is required to be ensured to be stable, the first coupling cylinder is 10-30 times the inner diameter, namely the length can be in the range of 10mm-60mm, one end of the cylinder is connected with a laser with a 1.25mm or 2.5mm optical fiber connector, the other end of the cylinder is connected with a 0.25mm optical fiber or a 0.9mm optical fiber or a 1.25mm or 2.5mm optical fiber connector, when the communication device works, a laser transmitter unit continuously transmits optical signals, laser beams are emitted from the optical fiber connector, and because the emitted beams are divergent and the length of the first coupling cylinder is long enough, the beams can be reflected for multiple times in the inner wall of the first coupling cylinder, when the beams reach the other end of the first coupling cylinder, the emergent light beam of the laser transmitter unit connector is changed into a light beam with the same size as the section of the inner diameter of the first coupling cylinder and approximately uniform intensity distribution, at the moment, as long as the other end of the first coupling cylinder is placed into the optical fiber, because the light beam distribution is approximately uniform, the incident angle meets the requirement of the numerical aperture of the optical fiber, an optical signal with the area equal to the effective coupling cross section area of the optical fiber is coupled into the optical fiber, theoretically, the maximum coupling efficiency of the emitting coupling unit used by the device is the ratio of the effective coupling cross section area of the optical fiber to the cross section area of the inner diameter of the first coupling cylinder, therefore, the smaller the inner diameter of the first coupling cylinder, the higher the coupling efficiency is, when the device is actually used, the reflection loss of the inner wall of the cylinder, the uneven end face of the optical fiber or the loss caused by unclean and the like can cause the reduction of the coupling efficiency, the launch coupling efficiency is in the range of-40 dB to-60 dB, and it can be seen from the above coupling principle that the coupling efficiency is only related to the effective coupling cross-sectional area of the optical fiber and not to the lateral position of the optical fiber, i.e. the optical fiber can be placed at any position in the first coupling cylinder as long as the optical axis direction of the optical fiber is kept approximately the same as the axial direction of the first coupling cylinder, which allows a simple and fast connection between the laser and the communication fiber.

Wherein, the key point for realizing the rapid coupling function is a receiving coupling unit, the receiving coupling unit uses a second coupling cylinder with the same structure as the transmitting coupling unit, the inner diameter of the second coupling cylinder is within the range of phi 1 mm-phi 3mm, the length of the second coupling cylinder is 10-30 times of the inner diameter, the interior of the second coupling cylinder also requires to have the reflection function, the input optical fiber is flexibly placed at one end of the second coupling cylinder, the other end of the second coupling cylinder is fixedly placed with a light detector, the light detector can use a detector with a wide photosurface, the light beam emitted by the optical fiber forms light spots with the intensity approximately evenly distributed at the detector after being transmitted for many times by the second coupling cylinder according to the coupling principle of the first coupling cylinder, if the diameter of the photosurface of the detector is the same size as the inner diameter of the second coupling cylinder or larger than the inner diameter of the second coupling cylinder, all light beams enter the detector, so that the coupling efficiency of the optical fiber and the optical detector is high, and the receiving coupling efficiency is in a range of about-1 dB to 10dB considering the reflection loss of the inner wall of the second coupling cylinder and the loss caused by the uneven end surface or unclean surface of the optical fiber.

In summary, the transmitting coupling unit using the first coupling cylinder structure and the receiving coupling unit using the second coupling cylinder structure can be coupled to each other without aligning the center of the optical fiber with a precision clamp, or cutting the optical fiber with an optical fiber cutter to make the end surface thereof flat, or welding the optical fiber connector with an optical fiber welding machine, so that the optical fiber transmitting and receiving coupling can be realized simply, conveniently and quickly.

The communication method using the optical fiber communication device capable of realizing the rapid optical fiber coupling comprises the following steps:

1) at one end of the communication optical cable, namely the end A, enabling the first laser transmitter unit to continuously transmit optical signals and enabling the first laser receiver unit to continuously demodulate the optical signals, then putting one optical fiber in the communication optical cable into a first coupling cylinder of the first transmitting coupling unit and fixing the optical fiber, and then putting the rest optical fibers in the communication optical cable into a second coupling cylinder of the first laser receiver unit and fixing the optical fiber;

2) at the other end of the communication optical cable, namely the end B, the second laser transmitter unit is enabled to continuously transmit optical signals, the second laser receiver unit is enabled to continuously demodulate the optical signals, then all optical fibers in the communication optical cable are put into the second receiving coupling unit together for fixing, and at the moment, information can be received in the second laser receiver unit;

3) at the end B, one optical fiber in the second receiving coupling unit is drawn out, if the information is not received in the second laser receiver unit at the moment, the optical fiber is the transmitting optical fiber at the end A, the rest optical fibers in the second receiving coupling unit are taken out and put into the second transmitting coupling unit for fixing, and then the optical fiber determined as the transmitting optical fiber at the end A is put back into the second receiving coupling unit for fixing; if the extracted optical fiber does not influence the information reception of the second laser receiver unit, the optical fiber is not the transmitting optical fiber of the A end, the optical fiber is put into the second transmitting coupling unit for fixing, and at the moment, the information sent by the B end can be received in the first laser transmitter unit of the A end;

4) and after the steps are completed, the bidirectional communication between the A end and the B end of the optical cable can be quickly realized.

The device has the characteristics of low cost, convenient assembly and simple and convenient operation. The method can simply and quickly realize or recover the communication between different places.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment.

In the figure, 5, a first optical fiber 6, a second optical fiber 7, a communication optical cable 11, a first laser transmitter unit 12, a first transmitting coupling unit 21, a first laser receiver unit 22, a first receiving coupling unit 31, a second laser transmitter unit 32, a second transmitting coupling unit 41, a second laser receiver unit 42 and a second receiving coupling unit.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and examples, without however being limited thereto.